CN117249464A - Solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system - Google Patents
Solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 264
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 55
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
- F24D11/003—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system combined with solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/02—Other domestic- or space-heating systems consisting of self-contained heating units, e.g. storage heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/008—Details related to central heating radiators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-stage phase change heat storage and supply system coupled with solar energy, which comprises: the photovoltaic photo-thermal module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and heat energy; the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module is used for carrying out secondary heating on the heat exchange fluid; the multi-layer phase change heat storage module is communicated between the photovoltaic photo-thermal module and the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module and is used for exchanging heat with heat exchange fluid conveyed by the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module so as to store heat; the heat exchange fluid circulation module is used for realizing circulation and circulation of heat exchange fluid along the photovoltaic photo-thermal module, the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module and the multi-layer phase change heat storage module; and the water supply module is used for conveying water bodies to the multi-layer phase change heat storage module. When the solar-energy-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system is used, heat exchange fluid can exchange heat with the multi-layer phase-change materials in the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module to store heat, so that the heat storage capacity and the heat storage efficiency are effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy storage, in particular to a multi-stage phase change heat storage and supply system for coupling solar energy.
Background
Solar energy is a green renewable energy source, has the characteristics of high energy and zero pollution, and the solar energy system is utilized for generating electricity and heating, so that the solar energy system is a great direction for solving the energy shortage. Meanwhile, in the heat storage mode, the phase change heat storage material can carry larger energy, has the characteristics of stable power and higher efficiency in the heat release process, is a heat storage mode with larger potential, and is combined with a solar energy system, so that the utilization rate of energy sources is greatly improved.
However, in the existing solar heat storage modes, a single phase-change heat storage device or a water heat storage system is mostly adopted, the covered temperature area is small, and the characteristics of solar volatility in winter or at night cannot be dealt with, so that hot water with higher temperature can not be provided for users at night or in winter.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve at least one of the problems in the prior art, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-stage phase change heat storage and supply system coupled with solar energy, comprising: the photovoltaic photo-thermal module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and heat energy, and the heat energy is used for primary heating of heat exchange fluid; the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module is communicated with the photovoltaic photo-thermal module and is used for carrying out secondary heating on the heat exchange fluid; the multi-layer phase change heat storage module is communicated between the photovoltaic photo-thermal module and the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module and is used for exchanging heat with the heat exchange fluid conveyed by the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module so as to store heat; the heat exchange fluid circulation module is communicated between the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module and the multi-layer phase change heat storage module and between the multi-layer phase change heat storage module and the photovoltaic photo-thermal module and is used for realizing circulation and circulation of the heat exchange fluid along the photovoltaic photo-thermal module, the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module and the multi-layer phase change heat storage module; the water supply module is communicated with the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module and is used for conveying water to the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module so that the water and the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module exchange heat, and the water and the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module are heated and then output.
When heat energy is required to be stored, solar energy is converted into electric energy and heat energy through the photovoltaic photo-thermal module, the whole heat storage and supply system is powered through the obtained electric energy, heat exchange fluid is primarily heated through the obtained heat energy, the primarily heated water flows to the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module under the driving of the heat exchange fluid circulation module, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is improved after the primarily heated water flows to the multi-layer phase change heat storage module and is secondarily heated through the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module, the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the multi-layer phase change materials in the multi-layer phase change heat storage module for a plurality of times, the heat of the heat exchange fluid enables the phase change materials in the multi-layer phase change heat storage module to be converted into liquid phase from solid phase, and the heat is stored through the phase change materials in a phase change mode, so that the multi-layer phase change mode is suitable for the conditions of insufficient illumination at night, rainy days or winter, namely, according to the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module, the phase change materials in different temperature ranges can be subjected to heat exchange so as to heat storage with the phase change materials in the multi-layer phase change heat storage module, and the heat storage efficiency is effectively improved; meanwhile, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid after heat exchange is reduced, the heat exchange fluid flows to the photovoltaic photo-thermal module to be heated again, the temperature of the silicon crystal battery piece on the photovoltaic photo-thermal module can be reduced through the heat exchange fluid with lower temperature, and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic photo-thermal module is improved; when hot water is needed to be provided for a user, the water supply module inputs the water body, so that the water body and the multi-layer phase change heat storage module exchange heat and are output after being heated, and the phase change materials in the multi-layer phase change heat storage module are restored to the solid state, so that the solar-energy-coupled multi-layer phase change heat storage heat supply system can provide hot water with different temperatures for the user at night, in rainy days or in winter, the solar energy utilization efficiency can be effectively improved, and the solar-energy-coupled multi-layer phase change heat storage heat supply system is suitable for the hot water requirement of a solar energy fluctuation period.
In some embodiments, the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module comprises a plurality of phase-change heat storage towers which are communicated in sequence, the plurality of phase-change heat storage towers are defined to comprise a start-end phase-change heat storage tower and a tail-end phase-change heat storage tower along the circulation direction of the heat exchange fluid, the phase-change temperature of the phase-change materials in the phase-change heat storage towers is gradually reduced from the start-end phase-change heat storage tower to the tail-end phase-change heat storage tower.
In some embodiments, the solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat-storage heat supply system comprises 5 stages of the phase-change heat-storage towers, wherein the phase-change temperature of the phase-change materials in the phase-change heat-storage towers is respectively 50-55 ℃, 40-45 ℃, 30-35 ℃, 20-25 ℃ and 10-15 ℃ from the initial phase-change heat-storage tower to the final phase-change heat-storage tower.
In some embodiments, the solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system further includes a temperature detection device and a heat exchange fluid inflow adjustment module, where the temperature detection device is disposed at an outflow port of the flat-plate photovoltaic heating module and is used for monitoring a temperature of the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the flat-plate photovoltaic heating module, and the heat exchange fluid inflow adjustment module is communicated between the flat-plate photovoltaic heating module and each phase-change heat storage tower and is used for adjusting a flow direction of the heat exchange fluid conveyed by the flat-plate photovoltaic heating module according to the temperature monitored by the temperature detection device.
In some embodiments, the heat exchange fluid circulation module includes a first pump body, a main inlet pipe and a main outlet pipe, the first pump body is communicated with an outflow port of the flat-plate photovoltaic heating module, the main inlet pipe is communicated between the first pump body and the starting-end phase-change heat storage tower, the main outlet pipe is communicated between the terminal phase-change heat storage tower and the photovoltaic photo-thermal module, the heat exchange fluid inflow regulation module includes a plurality of first inflow branches and a plurality of first switch valves, the main inlet pipe is communicated with each first inflow branch, one first switch valve is arranged on each main inlet pipe and each first inflow branch, and each phase-change heat storage tower except the starting-end phase-change heat storage tower is connected with one first inflow branch.
In some embodiments, the solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage heating system further comprises a reflux regulation module, which is communicated between each of the phase-change heat storage towers except the end phase-change heat storage tower and the main pipe, for regulating a flow direction of each of the phase-change heat storage towers except the end phase-change heat storage tower.
In some embodiments, the reflux regulation module includes a plurality of reflux branch pipes, a plurality of second switch valves and a plurality of third switch valves, wherein each reflux branch pipe is provided with one second switch valve, one third switch valve is arranged between every two adjacent phase-change heat storage towers, the reflux branch pipe is communicated between the main outlet pipeline and the phase-change heat storage towers, and each phase-change heat storage tower except for the tail end phase-change heat storage tower is connected with one reflux branch pipe.
In some embodiments, the water supply module includes a second pump body, a water inlet conduit, and a water outlet conduit, the water inlet conduit being in communication between the second pump body and the terminal phase change thermal storage tower, the water outlet conduit being in communication with the starting end phase change thermal storage tower.
In some embodiments, the solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage heating system further comprises a water flow regulating module, wherein the water flow regulating module is communicated between the water inlet pipeline and each phase-change heat storage tower and is used for regulating the water flow direction provided by the water supply module.
In some embodiments, the water flow regulating module includes a plurality of second inflow branches and a plurality of fourth switching valves, one fourth switching valve is disposed on each of the water inlet pipe and each of the second inflow branches, and each of the remaining phase change thermal storage towers except the terminal phase change thermal storage tower is connected with one of the second inflow branches.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change thermal storage heating system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals have the following meanings:
100-solar-energy-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage heating system, 10-photovoltaic photo-thermal module, 20-flat plate type photovoltaic heating module, 30-multi-stage phase-change heat storage module, 31-first phase-change heat storage tower, 32-second phase-change heat storage tower, 33-third phase-change heat storage tower, 34-fourth phase-change heat storage tower, 35-fifth phase-change heat storage tower, 40-fluid circulation module, 41-first pump body, 42-main inlet pipeline, 43-main outlet pipeline, 50-water supply module, 51-second pump body, 52-water inlet pipeline, 53-water outlet pipeline, 60-temperature detection device, 70-fluid inflow regulation module, 71-first inflow branch, 72-first switch valve, 80-backflow regulation module, 81-backflow branch, 82-second switch valve, 83-third switch valve, 90-water flow regulation module, 91-second inflow branch, 92-fourth switch valve, 93-water outlet branch, 94-fifth switch valve, 95-sixth switch valve.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a photovoltaic and photo-thermal module 10, a flat-plate photovoltaic heating module 20, a multi-stage phase-change heat storage module 30, a heat exchange fluid circulation module 40 and a water supply module 50.
Referring to fig. 1, a photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and heat energy, and the heat energy is used for primary heating of a heat exchange fluid; the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module 20 is communicated with the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 and is used for carrying out secondary heating on heat exchange fluid; the multi-layer phase change heat storage module 30 is communicated between the photovoltaic and photo-thermal module 10 and the flat photovoltaic heating module 20, and is used for exchanging heat with heat exchange fluid conveyed by the flat photovoltaic heating module 20 so as to store heat; the heat exchange fluid circulation module 40 is communicated between the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module 20 and the multi-layer phase change heat storage module 30 and between the multi-layer phase change heat storage module 30 and the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10, and is used for realizing circulation and circulation of heat exchange fluid along the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10, the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module 20 and the multi-layer phase change heat storage module 30; the water supply module 50 is communicated with the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module 30 and is used for conveying water to the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module 30 so that the water and the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module 30 exchange heat, and the water is output after being heated.
According to the solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system 100, when heat energy needs to be stored, solar energy is converted into electric energy and heat energy through the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10, the whole heat storage and supply system is powered through the obtained electric energy, heat exchange fluid is primarily heated through the obtained heat energy, the primarily heated water flows to the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module 20 under the driving of the heat exchange fluid circulation module 40, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is increased after the secondary heating of the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module 20, and flows to the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module 30, and the multi-layer phase-change materials in the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module 30 exchange heat for a plurality of times, the phase-change materials in the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module 30 are converted from solid phase to liquid, and the phase-change materials store heat through phase change, so that the multi-layer phase-change mode is suitable for the conditions of insufficient illumination at night, in rainy days or in winter, namely, according to the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module 20, the temperature ranges can exchange heat with the materials in the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module 30, the heat storage capacity and the efficiency are effectively improved; meanwhile, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid after heat exchange is reduced, the heat exchange fluid flows to the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 to be heated again, the temperature of the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 can be reduced through the heat exchange fluid with lower temperature, the temperature of the silicon crystal battery piece on the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 is reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 is improved; when hot water is needed to be provided for a user, the water supply module 50 inputs the water body so that the water body and the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module 30 exchange heat and are output after being heated, and the phase-change materials in the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module 30 are restored to the solid state, so that the solar-energy-coupled multi-layer phase-change heat storage and supply system 100 can provide hot water with different temperatures for the user at night, in rainy days or in winter, the solar energy utilization efficiency can be effectively improved, and the solar-energy-coupled multi-layer phase-change heat storage and heat supply system is suitable for the hot water requirement of a solar energy fluctuation period.
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate the hierarchical utilization of heat, the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module 30 includes a plurality of phase-change heat storage towers that are sequentially connected, and along the circulation direction of the heat exchange fluid, a plurality of phase-change heat storage towers are defined, including a start phase-change heat storage tower and an end phase-change heat storage tower, and the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material in the phase-change heat storage tower is gradually reduced from the start phase-change heat storage tower to the end phase-change heat storage tower, so when the heat exchange fluid with a higher temperature is conveyed from the flat-plate type photovoltaic heating module 20, heat exchange is performed with the phase-change material in the start phase-change heat storage tower, and a part of the temperature of the heat exchange fluid after heat exchange is reduced, and then heat exchange is performed with the phase-change material in the phase-change heat storage tower with a gradually reduced phase-change temperature, so that the initial input temperature can be matched with the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material in the phase-change heat storage tower, thereby fully utilizing the heat carried by the heat exchange fluid, improving the heat utilization rate and reducing heat loss. In other embodiments, the multi-layered phase change thermal storage module 30 may be a multi-layered phase change thermal storage tank, in which a plurality of mounting members are provided, and in which phase change materials are provided, so that heat exchange with a heat exchange fluid is achieved by the phase change materials in the mounting members, and heat storage is achieved.
The phase change materials in the phase change heat storage tower comprise, but are not limited to, paraffin, fatty acid, water and hydroxide, and heat in heat exchange fluid can be better utilized by utilizing different phase change temperature areas, so that heat collection efficiency and solar heating efficiency are achieved, and gradient utilization of energy is achieved. Specifically, the heat exchange fluid in this embodiment is a water body.
Specifically, the solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat-storage heat supply system 100 in this embodiment includes 5-stage phase-change heat-storage towers, the phase-change temperature of the phase-change materials in the phase-change heat-storage towers is 50-55 ℃, 40-45 ℃, 30-35 ℃, 20-35 ℃, 10-25 ℃ from the start-end phase-change heat-storage tower to the end phase-change heat-storage tower, for convenience of description, the 5-stage phase-change heat-storage towers are named as a first phase-change heat-storage tower 31, a second phase-change heat-storage tower 32, a third phase-change heat-storage tower 33, a fourth phase-change heat-storage tower 34 and a fifth phase-change heat-storage tower 35, the first phase-change heat-storage tower 31 is the start-end phase-change heat-storage tower, the fifth phase-change heat-storage tower 35 is the end phase-change heat-storage tower, and the temperature range of the phase-change materials of the first phase-change heat-storage tower 31 is 50-55 ℃, the temperature range of the phase change material in the second phase change thermal storage tower 32 is 40-45 ℃, the temperature range of the phase change material in the third phase change thermal storage tower 33 is 30-35 ℃, the temperature range of the phase change material in the fourth phase change thermal storage tower 34 is 20-35 ℃, the temperature range of the phase change material in the fifth phase change thermal storage tower 35 is 10-25 ℃, so when the temperature of hot water conveyed from the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module 20 is 60 ℃, the hot water flows through the first phase change thermal storage tower 31 and the phase change material with the temperature range of 50-55 ℃ to exchange heat, the phase change material with the temperature range of 50-55 ℃ is changed from a solid state to a liquid state, heat is stored in a phase change mode, the temperature of heat exchange fluid is reduced for the first time, the hot water flows into the second phase change thermal storage tower 32 and the phase change material with the temperature range of 40-45 ℃ to exchange heat, and the like, after finishing the heat exchange of 5 layers, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid finally flowing out of the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35 is lower than 15 ℃, and when the heat exchange fluid with the temperature lower than 15 ℃ flows to the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10, the heat generated by the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 can be reduced, the temperature of the silicon crystal battery piece on the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 is reduced, the safety of the stability of the power generation of the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 is ensured, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 is improved, and compared with the power generation mode of the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 with single function at present, the solar energy coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage heat supply system 100 of the embodiment can improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic photo-thermal module by about 13-15%.
The heat exchange fluid circulation module 40 of the present embodiment includes a first pump body 41, a main inlet pipe 42 and a main outlet pipe 43, where the first pump body 41 is connected to an outflow port of the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module 20, the main inlet pipe 42 is connected between the first pump body 41 and the starting end phase-change heat storage tower, the main outlet pipe 43 is connected between the end phase-change heat storage tower and the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10, that is, the main inlet pipe 42 is connected between the first pump body 41 and the first phase-change heat storage tower 31, and the main outlet pipe 43 is connected between the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35 and the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10, so that the heat exchange fluid conveyed from the main inlet pipe 42 can enter the first phase-change heat storage tower 31; the main pipe 43 is connected between the fifth phase-change thermal storage tower 35 and the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10, and the heat exchange fluid conveyed from the fifth phase-change thermal storage tower 35 can flow to the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 to cool the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 and can be primarily heated.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, in order to better perform heat exchange and storage according to heat flowing out of a heat exchange fluid, the multi-stage phase-change heat storage heating system 100 coupled with solar energy further includes a temperature detecting device 60 and a heat exchange fluid inflow adjusting module 70, where the temperature detecting device 60 is disposed at an outflow port of the flat-plate photovoltaic heating module 20 and is used for monitoring a temperature of the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the flat-plate photovoltaic heating module 20, the heat exchange fluid inflow adjusting module 70 is connected between the flat-plate photovoltaic heating module 20 and each phase-change heat storage tower and is used for adjusting a flow direction of the heat exchange fluid conveyed by the flat-plate photovoltaic heating module 20 according to the temperature monitored by the temperature detecting device 60, so that the temperature of the heat exchange fluid flowing to a specific phase-change heat storage tower can be adjusted according to the temperature of the heat exchange fluid, so as to be matched with a temperature range of the specific phase-change heat storage tower, a temperature difference between the heat exchange fluid and the phase-change material of the specific phase-change heat storage tower is reduced, and heat loss between the heat exchange fluid and the phase-change material is improved.
Specifically, corresponding to the number of the phase-change thermal storage towers in the present embodiment, the heat exchange fluid inflow adjustment module 70 in the present embodiment includes a plurality of first inflow branches 71 and a plurality of first switch valves 72, where the main inflow pipe 42 and each first inflow branch 71 are all communicated, one first switch valve 72 is disposed on the main inflow pipe 42 and each first inflow branch 71, and each of the remaining phase-change thermal storage towers except for the initial phase-change thermal storage tower is connected with one first inflow branch 71, so that the heat exchange fluid flowing from the main inflow pipe 42 can open or close the main inflow pipe 42 and the first inflow branch 71 through the first switch valve 72, and the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid to the specific phase-change thermal storage tower is controlled.
Specifically, corresponding to the 5-level phase-change heat storage towers of the present embodiment, the heat exchange fluid inflow adjustment module 70 of the present embodiment includes 4 branches and 5 first switch valves 72, the second phase-change heat storage tower 32, the third phase-change heat storage tower 33, the fourth phase-change heat storage tower 34 and the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35 are respectively connected to one first inflow branch 71, each first inflow branch 71 is connected to the main inlet pipe 42, each first inflow branch 71 is provided with a first switch valve 72, the first phase-change heat storage tower 31 is connected to the main inlet pipe 42, the main inlet pipe 42 is also provided with a first switch valve 72, and when the temperature detected by the temperature detection device 60 corresponds to the temperature of the phase-change heat storage tower, the corresponding switch valve is opened.
For example, when the temperature detecting device 60 detects that the temperature of the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the flat-plate type photovoltaic heating module 20 is 60 ℃, the heat exchange fluid flows into each first switch valve 72 in the adjusting module 70, and the first switch valve 72 on the main inlet pipe 42 is opened, and at this time, the heat exchange fluid directly enters the first phase-change heat storage tower 31, flows through the second phase-change heat storage tower 32, the third phase-change heat storage tower 33, the fourth phase-change heat storage tower 34 and the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35 in sequence, and then flows into the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10; when the temperature detection device 60 detects that the temperature of the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module 20 is lower than 50 ℃, the first switch valve 72 on the main inlet pipeline 42 is closed, the first switch valve 72 on the first inflow branch 71 on the second phase change heat storage tower 32 is opened, so that the heat exchange fluid flows into the second phase change heat storage tower 32 and flows through the third phase change heat storage tower 33, the fourth phase change heat storage tower 34 and the fifth phase change heat storage tower 35; for example, when the temperature detection device 60 detects that the temperature of the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the flat-plate photovoltaic heating module 20 is 40 ℃, the heat exchange fluid is controlled to flow into the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 after flowing into the third phase change heat storage tower 33, the fourth phase change heat storage tower 34 and the fifth phase change heat storage tower 35; when the temperature detection device 60 detects that the temperature of the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module 20 is 30 ℃, the heat exchange fluid at 30 ℃ flows to the fourth phase change heat storage tower 34 and flows into the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 after sequentially passing through the fifth phase change heat storage tower 35; when the temperature detection device 60 detects that the temperature of the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module 20 is 20 ℃, the heat exchange fluid at 20 ℃ flows to the fifth phase change heat storage tower 35, exchanges heat by the fifth phase change heat storage tower 35 and flows into the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10. Therefore, the whole multilayer phase change Xu Remo block can be adjusted to be a corresponding successive heat accumulation area according to the outflow temperature of the heat exchange fluid of the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module 20, so that the heat storage capacity and the heat accumulation efficiency are effectively improved, and the heat loss is reduced.
In addition, referring to fig. 2, in order to more conveniently adjust the reflux of the heat exchange fluid, the solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system 100 further includes a reflux adjusting module 80, where the reflux adjusting module 80 is communicated between each phase-change heat storage tower except the terminal phase-change heat storage tower and the main pipe 43, and is used for adjusting the flow direction of each phase-change heat storage tower except the terminal phase-change heat storage tower, so that the heat exchange fluid after heat exchange with the phase-change heat storage tower can flow to the phase-change heat storage tower of the next stage or can flow directly to the main pipe 43 by arranging the reflux adjusting module 80, thereby improving the convenience of heat exchange fluid adjustment.
Specifically, the reflux regulating module 80 of this embodiment includes a plurality of reflux branches 81, a plurality of second switch valves 82 and a plurality of third switch valves 83, each reflux branch 81 is provided with a second switch valve 82, a third switch valve 83 is disposed between every two adjacent phase-change thermal storage towers, the reflux branch 81 is communicated between the main outlet pipe 43 and the phase-change thermal storage tower, and each remaining phase-change thermal storage tower is connected with one reflux branch 81 except for the end phase-change thermal storage tower, so after each phase-change thermal storage tower exchanges heat with the heat exchange fluid, the heat exchange fluid can directly flow back to the main outlet pipe 43 without flowing to the phase-change thermal storage tower of the next level, so as to flow back to the photovoltaic thermal module 10 for heating through the main outlet pipe 43.
For example, after the heat exchange fluid at 60 ℃ enters the first phase-change heat storage tower 31 to exchange heat, the second switch valve 82 connected with the first phase-change heat storage tower 31 is opened and the third switch valve 83 corresponding to the first phase-change heat storage tower 31 is closed, so that the heat exchange fluid can directly flow back to the main outlet pipeline 43 from the backflow branch pipe 81, and can flow to the second phase-change heat storage tower 32, the third phase-change heat storage tower 33, the fourth phase-change heat storage tower 34 and the fifth phase-change heat storage tower at the later stage, and the like, and thus, the heat storage mode of the phase-change heat storage tower can be adjusted according to the heat storage requirement, and the convenience of heat exchange fluid adjustment is improved.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the water supply module 50 of the present embodiment includes a second pump body 51, a water inlet pipe 52 and a water outlet pipe 53, the water inlet pipe 52 is connected between the second pump body 51 and the end phase-change heat storage tower, the water outlet pipe 53 is connected to the start phase-change heat storage tower, that is, the water inlet pipe 52 is connected between the second pump body 51 and the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35, the water outlet pipe 53 is connected to the first phase-change heat storage tower 31, so that the second pump body 51 pumps out the domestic water, and flows to the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35 by means of the water inlet pipe 52, and the temperature of the domestic water is relatively low, so that the temperature variation range of the domestic water is relatively similar to that of the phase-change material in the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35, the heated domestic water flows to the fourth phase-change heat storage tower 34, the third phase-change heat storage tower 33, the second phase-change heat storage tower 32 and the first phase-change heat storage tower 31 in sequence, and then the water heated by the first phase-change heat storage tower 31 flows out from the water outlet pipe 53, so that the heated domestic water can convey the hot water with relatively high temperature to the user.
As can be appreciated, referring to fig. 4, in order to improve the convenience of water flow adjustment, the solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system 100 further includes a water flow adjustment module 90, where the water flow adjustment module 90 is connected between the water inlet pipe 52 and each phase-change heat storage tower and is used for adjusting the water flow direction provided by the water supply module 50, so, when the water flow pumped by the second pump body 51 flows to the water inlet pipe 52, the water flow direction can be adjusted to the first phase-change heat storage tower 31, the second phase-change heat storage tower 32, the third phase-change heat storage tower 33, the fourth phase-change heat storage tower 34 or the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35 according to the needs, thereby improving the diversity and flexibility of water flow heating modes.
Specifically, the water flow regulating module 90 includes a plurality of second inflow branches 91 and a plurality of fourth switch valves 92, and one fourth switch valve 92 is disposed on the water inlet pipe 52 and each second inflow branch 91, and each of the remaining phase change thermal towers except for the terminal phase change thermal tower is connected to one second inflow branch 91, so that the flow direction of the water flow is controlled by controlling the switching condition of the fourth switch valve 92. For example, when the control water flow needs to flow into the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35, the control unit closes a fourth switch valve 92 provided on each second inflow branch 91 and controls the fourth switch valve 92 provided on the water inlet pipe 52 to open, so that the water flow can flow from the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35 into the fourth phase-change heat storage tower 34, the third phase-change heat storage tower 33, the second phase-change heat storage tower 32 and the first phase-change heat storage tower 31 in sequence, and flow out from the water outlet pipe 53; when the control water flow needs to flow into other phase change heat storage towers, the same is repeated.
Further, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the outflow of the heated water flow, the multi-stage phase-change heat storage heating system further includes a plurality of water outlet branches 93, a plurality of fifth switch valves 94 and a plurality of sixth switch valves 95, each water outlet branch 93 is provided with a fifth switch valve 94, each phase-change heat storage tower except for the phase-change heat storage tower at the starting end is communicated with one water outlet branch 93, and a sixth switch valve 95 is provided between every two adjacent phase-change heat storage towers, so that the water flow can be controlled to flow out from the corresponding water outlet branch 93 by closing or opening the corresponding fifth switch valve 94 and the sixth switch valve 95, so as to flexibly provide hot water with a required temperature for users. For example, the water flow can be controlled to flow out after heat exchange only through the fifth phase change heat storage tower 35, and the temperature of the water flow is heated to 10-15 degrees; the water flows out after heat exchange through the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35 and the fourth phase-change heat storage tower 34, at this time, the temperature of the water flow is heated to 20-25 degrees, or the water flows out after flowing to the fourth phase-change heat storage tower 34 is controlled by matching with the fourth switch valve 92, or the water flows to the third phase-change heat storage tower 33 can be controlled, at this time, the temperature of the water flow is heated to 30-35 degrees and other heating modes, namely the water flows to a plurality of phase-change heat storage towers can be controlled to be heated, or the water flows to only one phase-change heat storage tower are controlled to be heated, so that the water supply device has various water heating modes, different water supply requirements of users can be met, and the flexibility of water supply is improved.
Therefore, according to the solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system 100, for example, in summer, solar energy resources are rich, outdoor temperature is high, phase-change materials of the fourth phase-change heat storage tower 34 and the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35 are liquid, heat exchange capability is not provided, and after the heat exchange fluid is heated by the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 and the flat photovoltaic heating module 20, the temperature is high, reaches 60 ℃, and the heat exchange fluid can enter the first phase-change heat storage tower 31 and sequentially flow through the second phase-change heat storage tower 32 and the third phase-change heat storage tower 33 to perform hierarchical heat exchange; when the outdoor temperature is low in winter, the five phase-change heat storage towers are in a solid state, can be used for storing heat, and the resources of solar energy are deficient in winter, and when the temperature of the heat exchange fluid can reach 50 ℃ after the photovoltaic photo-thermal module 10 and the flat photovoltaic heating module 20 are heated, the heat exchange fluid can be controlled to flow into the second phase-change heat storage tower 32 and sequentially flow through the third phase-change heat storage tower 33, the fourth phase-change heat storage tower 34 and the fifth phase-change heat storage tower 35. In this way, the whole solar energy coupled multi-stage phase change heat storage and supply system 100 can adjust the corresponding heat storage area to store heat according to the outdoor environment temperature;
when a user needs to use stored heat to heat water flow, the corresponding phase-change heat storage tower can be matched to release heat according to the required heat utilization temperature: for example, cold water introduced from the second pump body 51 sequentially passes through each phase-change heat storage region, and gradually increases in temperature until hot water of a corresponding temperature is output; or the water is adjusted to enter different phase-change heat storage towers for heating, so that the water supply has flexibility.
The technical means disclosed by the scheme of the invention is not limited to the technical means disclosed by the embodiment, and also comprises the technical scheme formed by any combination of the technical features. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Solar energy coupled multi-stage phase change thermal storage heating system (100), characterized by comprising:
the photovoltaic photo-thermal module (10) is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and heat energy, and the heat energy is used for primary heating of heat exchange fluid;
the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module (20) is communicated with the photovoltaic photo-thermal module (10) and is used for carrying out secondary heating on the heat exchange fluid;
the multi-layer phase change heat storage module (30) is communicated between the photovoltaic photo-thermal module (10) and the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module (20) and is used for exchanging heat with the heat exchange fluid conveyed by the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module (20) so as to store heat;
the heat exchange fluid circulation module (40) is communicated between the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module (20) and the multilayer phase change heat storage module (30) and between the multilayer phase change heat storage module (30) and the photovoltaic photo-thermal module (10) and is used for realizing circulation of the heat exchange fluid along the photovoltaic photo-thermal module (10), the flat plate type photovoltaic heating module (20) and the multilayer phase change heat storage module (30);
the water supply module (50) is communicated with the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module (30) and is used for conveying water to the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module (30) so that the water and the multi-layer phase-change heat storage module (30) exchange heat, and the water is output after being heated.
2. The solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change thermal storage heating system (100) of claim 1, wherein the multi-stage phase-change thermal storage module (30) comprises a plurality of phase-change thermal storage towers that are sequentially connected, wherein along a circulation direction of the heat exchange fluid, a plurality of phase-change thermal storage towers are defined to comprise a start-end phase-change thermal storage tower and an end-end phase-change thermal storage tower, and wherein a phase-change temperature of the phase-change material in the phase-change thermal storage towers gradually decreases from the start-end phase-change thermal storage tower to the end phase-change thermal storage tower.
3. The solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system (100) according to claim 2, wherein the solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system (100) comprises 5 stages of the phase-change heat storage towers, and the phase-change temperatures of the phase-change materials in the phase-change heat storage towers are respectively 50-55 ℃, 40-45 ℃, 30-35 ℃, 20-25 ℃ and 10-15 ℃ from the starting phase-change heat storage tower to the ending phase-change heat storage tower.
4. The solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system (100) according to claim 2, wherein the solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and supply system (100) further comprises a temperature detection device (60) and a heat exchange fluid inflow adjustment module (70), the temperature detection device (60) is arranged at an outflow port of the flat-plate type photovoltaic heating module (20) and is used for monitoring the temperature of the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the flat-plate type photovoltaic heating module (20), and the heat exchange fluid inflow adjustment module (70) is communicated between the flat-plate type photovoltaic heating module (20) and each phase-change heat storage tower and is used for adjusting the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid conveyed by the flat-plate type photovoltaic heating module (20) according to the temperature monitored by the temperature detection device (60).
5. The solar-coupled multistage phase-change thermal storage heating system (100) according to claim 4, wherein the heat exchange fluid circulation module (40) comprises a first pump body (41), a main inlet pipe (42) and a main outlet pipe (43), the first pump body (41) is communicated with an outflow port of the flat-plate type photovoltaic heating module (20), the main inlet pipe (42) is communicated between the first pump body (41) and the initial phase-change thermal storage tower, the main outlet pipe (43) is communicated between the final phase-change thermal storage tower and the photovoltaic photo-thermal module (10), the heat exchange fluid inflow regulating module (70) comprises a plurality of first inflow branches (71) and a plurality of first switching valves (72), the main inlet pipe (42) is communicated with each first inflow branch (71), one first switching valve (72) is arranged on the main inlet pipe (42) and each first inflow branch (71), and each phase-change thermal storage tower is connected with each first inflow branch (71) except for the initial phase-change thermal storage tower.
6. The solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage heating system (100) of claim 5, further comprising a backflow adjustment module (80), the backflow adjustment module (80) being in communication between each of the phase-change heat storage towers other than the terminal phase-change heat storage tower and the main pipe (43) for adjusting a flow direction of each of the phase-change heat storage towers other than the terminal phase-change heat storage tower.
7. The solar-coupled multistage phase-change heat storage and supply system (100) according to claim 6, wherein the reflux regulation module (80) comprises a plurality of reflux branch pipes (81), a plurality of second switching valves (82) and a plurality of third switching valves (83), one second switching valve (82) is arranged on each reflux branch pipe (81), one third switching valve (83) is arranged between every two adjacent phase-change heat storage towers, the reflux branch pipes (81) are communicated between the main outlet pipe (43) and the phase-change heat storage towers, and each phase-change heat storage tower except the tail phase-change heat storage towers is connected with one reflux branch pipe (81).
8. The solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage heating system (100) according to claim 2, wherein the water supply module (50) comprises a second pump body (51), a water inlet pipeline (52) and a water outlet pipeline (53), the water inlet pipeline (52) is communicated between the second pump body (51) and the tail-end phase-change heat storage tower, and the water outlet pipeline (53) is communicated with the start-end phase-change heat storage tower.
9. The solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and heating system (100) of claim 8, wherein the solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change heat storage and heating system (100) further comprises a water flow regulating module (90), wherein the water flow regulating module (90) is communicated between the water inlet pipe (52) and each of the phase-change heat storage towers, and is used for regulating the water flow direction provided by the water supply module (50).
10. The solar-coupled multi-stage phase-change thermal storage heating system (100) according to claim 9, wherein the water flow regulating module (90) comprises a plurality of second inflow branches (91) and a plurality of fourth switching valves (92), one fourth switching valve (92) is provided on the water inlet pipe (52) and each of the second inflow branches (91), and each of the remaining phase-change thermal storage towers except the terminal phase-change thermal storage tower is connected with one of the second inflow branches (91).
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