CN117245218A - Automatic gun cleaning, wire cutting and dry extension correction method and equipment system thereof - Google Patents
Automatic gun cleaning, wire cutting and dry extension correction method and equipment system thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117245218A CN117245218A CN202311509802.0A CN202311509802A CN117245218A CN 117245218 A CN117245218 A CN 117245218A CN 202311509802 A CN202311509802 A CN 202311509802A CN 117245218 A CN117245218 A CN 117245218A
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- wire
- laser
- control mode
- servo motor
- cutting
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic gun cleaning and wire cutting and dry extension correction method and a device system thereof, which are applied to welding equipment or material adding equipment with laser and wires, wherein the gun cleaning and wire cutting is carried out through laser fuse wires, the wire feeding or the wire withdrawing of a wire feeding system is realized through the forward and reverse rotation of a servo motor, and the precise control of the wire feeding or wire withdrawing distance and the tensioning of the wires are realized through the switching of a speed control mode, a position control mode and a torque control mode of the servo motor. The invention can remove the 'molten ball' at the end of the wire and keep the dry elongations at different arcing points consistent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding or laser wire feeding additive manufacturing, in particular to an automatic gun cleaning, wire cutting and dry elongation correction method and a device system thereof.
Background
In the additive manufacturing or welding process, the end part of the metal wire is easy to generate a 'molten ball', so that the further additive quality or welding quality is influenced, and the 'molten ball' is required to be removed, and the removal process is gun cleaning and wire cutting. The principle of forming the molten ball is as follows: at the arc extinguishing point, the wire is drawn back away from the substrate, the molten part at the end of the wire forms a metal droplet, and the metal droplet is partially dripped into the substrate under the action of tension, gravity and inertia force, and partially solidifies at the end of the wire to form a molten ball. In order to have a better fuse effect at the next arcing point, the "ball-melt" needs to be removed. The existing gun cleaning and wire cutting technology has the following problems: (1) Most of the devices are mechanical, independent installation positions are needed, the devices are not easy to adjust, and the flexibility is poor; (2) The gun cleaning and wire cutting mechanical device is mainly pneumatic, an air circuit is required to be added independently, and noise is high during working; (3) inefficiency, requiring the operation of a separate control program; (4) The effect is poor, and because the wire is sheared by the contact type gun, the wire is easy to bend.
In the additive manufacturing or welding process, in order to keep consistency of additive morphology and quality of different starting points, the dry elongation of the different starting points needs to be controlled to be consistent. Dry elongation is the length of the wire extending out of the welding gun. The prior art CN110548967B discloses a method and a device for adjusting the dry elongation of a welding machine, the purpose of which is to adjust a suitable dry elongation, i.e. a dry elongation which is neither too long nor too short. And the method adopts different times of wire feeding or wire withdrawing based on time to realize the adjustment of dry elongation. The method cannot ensure consistency of the dry elongation after adjustment at different arcing points.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic gun cutting and dry extension correction method and a device system thereof. The invention uses the laser of the equipment system to clean the gun and cut the wire, and completes the adjustment of dry extension after cleaning the gun and cutting the wire. The invention can precisely control the length of wire feeding or wire backing by controlling the servo motor to control the wire feeding and wire backing of the wire in a speed control mode, a position control mode and a torque control mode. It can be ensured that the wires at different arcing points are free from 'molten balls', and the 'dry elongation' is kept consistent.
The automatic gun cleaning and wire cutting and dry elongation correction method is applied to welding equipment or material adding equipment with laser and wires, the equipment comprises a laser, a welding head or printing head, a wire feeding system and a substrate, the wire feeding system is controlled by a controller to realize wire feeding or wire returning through forward and reverse rotation of a servo motor, the servo motor is provided with a speed control mode, a position control mode and a torque control mode, and the automatic gun cleaning and wire cutting method comprises the following steps:
step one: the servo motor controls the wire feeding system to feed wires in a speed control mode, and wires pass through holes in the substrate and are compressed by a compressing mechanism below the holes;
step two: the servo motor is switched to a torque control mode, and rotates reversely with a certain torque force to give the wire a force in the wire withdrawing direction so as to tension the wire;
step three: the laser is adjusted to be aligned with the wire, the laser is started, the laser preheats the wire at first power and for a first period of time, and then fuses the wire at second power and for a second period of time.
Further, the dry elongation correction method comprises the following steps: the wire and the substrate are respectively externally connected with a wire, the servo motor is switched to a speed control mode, the wire feeding system is controlled to feed wires, the wire and the substrate form a loop at the moment when the wire contacts the substrate, and the controller receives signals and controls the servo motor to be switched to a position control mode; the controller controls the servo motor to rotate reversely and drives the wire feeding system to feed wires, and the wire feeding distance is w.
Further, given a bond head or print head to substrate distance H and a dry elongation of the wire at the different arcing points set to L, the wire payout distance w=h-L.
Further, the device also comprises a shielding gas system, wherein the flow rate of the shielding gas is 4L/min-50L/min.
Further, the first power is less than the second power.
A laser additive apparatus system that uses an automatic gun cutting and dry elongation correction method for gun cutting and dry elongation correction.
A laser welder apparatus system that uses an automatic gun cutting and dry elongation correction method to perform gun cutting and dry elongation correction.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: (1) The laser of the equipment system is utilized to clean the gun and cut the wire, and an additional mechanical gun cleaning and wire cutting device is not needed, so that the whole structure is simpler and easier to control; (2) The situation that the wire is bent after the mechanical gun cleaning and wire cutting is avoided, and the torque force is applied to the wire by controlling the servo motor when the gun cleaning and wire cutting are performed, so that the wire can be further straightened; (3) efficient use of self-contained lasers; (4) The invention controls the wire feeding and the wire withdrawing of the wire by controlling the servo motor in a position control mode, and can precisely control the length of the wire feeding or withdrawing and the position of the end part of the wire; (5) According to the invention, the servo motor is controlled to feed or withdraw the wire in a torque control mode, so that tension is applied to the wire when the wire is cut in a gun cleaning manner, the wire is prevented from being bent, the wire is further reduced more cleanly, and the situation that a small molten ball appears at the end part of the wire due to slightly larger or smaller power of a laser when the wire is cut in the gun cleaning manner is prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the automatic gun cleaning and wire cutting method of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the dry-stretch correction method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a control flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of laser power output of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a print head; 2-a substrate; 3-a wire feeding system; 4-a compressing mechanism; 5-wire; 6-conducting wire.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
The practice of the invention refers to fig. 1-5.
As shown in fig. 1, a laser additive system is mainly applied to single-laser or multi-laser wire feeding additive manufacturing, and comprises a machine tool additive system or a multi-joint robot additive system. The laser material adding system mainly comprises a laser, a printing head 1, a substrate 2, a shielding gas system, a wire feeding system 3, a controller, a cooling system, a heating system and the like. The laser is a laser or a plurality of lasers, and a laser channel is arranged inside the printing head 1. The inside of the printing head 1 is also provided with a wire feeding channel, a cooling system or a heating system, wherein the wire feeding channel is used for feeding wires or removing wires of the wire feeding system, the cooling system is used for cooling the laser channel, and the heating system is used for preheating the wires 5. The base plate 2 is fixedly arranged or movably arranged on the triaxial movement mechanism, and a small hole is arranged at a certain position on the base plate 2 and can penetrate through the wire 5. The controller is used for controlling the movement mechanism, heating, cooling and the like of the laser material adding system. Wherein the printhead 1 and the substrate 2 are movable relative to each other. The print head 1 and the substrate 2 are provided on a three-axis motion mechanism or a six-axis robot. The wire 5 of the wire feeding system 3 is a metal wire including an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy, a stainless steel material, or the like.
The wire feeding system 2 includes an actuator, which is a servo motor having a forward and reverse rotation function, and the servo motor has a speed control mode, a position control mode, and a torque control mode. When the servo motor is in a speed control mode, the servo motor rotates at a certain speed, and the wire feeding system feeds or feeds wires at a certain speed. When the servo motor is in a position control mode, the servo motor rotates at a certain distance, and the wire feeding system feeds or feeds wires at a certain distance. When the servomotor is in torque mode, the servomotor rotates with a certain torque force, and the wire feeding system 2 applies a certain force to the wire 5, which force can be along the wire feeding direction or the wire withdrawing direction. Wire feeding means that the wire moves in the direction of the substrate, and wire unwinding means that the wire moves in the direction opposite to the substrate.
The laser material adding system comprises three lasers or six lasers, and the power range of a single laser is 0-200w. The diameter of the wire was 1.2mm.
FIG. 2 is a process flow of the present invention. In the additive manufacturing process, the arcing and the quenching at different positions form different printing processes, such as a first printing process, including a first arcing point and a first quenching point; the second printing process comprises a second arc starting point and a second arc quenching point, and the third printing process comprises a third arc starting point, a third arc quenching point and the like. When the first printing process is finished, the end part of the wire rod is provided with a 'molten ball' after arc extinction, and in order to remove the 'molten ball' and ensure that the dry extension of the second starting point is consistent with the dry extension of the first starting point, an automatic gun cleaning and wire cutting and dry extension correction method is adopted.
The automatic gun cleaning and wire cutting method comprises the following steps: the print head 1 and the base plate 2 move relatively, so that the wire 5 moves to the hole arranged on the base plate 2, wherein the hole is a special gun cleaning and wire cutting position. The servo motor drives the wire feed system in a speed control mode to feed wires 5 through the holes of the base plate 2. The base plate 2 is provided with hold-down mechanism 4 in the below of hole position, and wire 5 pierces into the hole, and after the sensor detects wire 5 in place, hold-down mechanism 4 compresses tightly wire 5, and servo motor switches to the moment of torsion control mode to give wire 5 the power in the wire withdrawal direction. The force may vary from 2N to 8N. At this time, the wire 5 between the print head 1 and the substrate 2 is tensioned. Step two: the laser of the printing head 1 is adjusted to align the laser with the upper part of the 'molten ball' of the wire 5, the protective gas is started, the laser is started, the wire 5 is melted, and the 'molten ball' is removed. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the PLC sends a gun cleaning and wire cutting instruction to the lower computer, the lower computer receives the instruction, the lower computer controls the laser to output the preheating power, delays t0 under the preheating power, then the lower computer controls the laser to output the fuse power, delays t1 under the fuse power, t1=t2-t 0, then the lower computer controls to turn off the power output of the laser, and the process is finished. When the diameter of the wire 5 is 1.2mm and three lasers are used, each laser is started, each laser irradiates the wire 5 with a preheating power of 30w for 200ms in a delay manner, the wire 5 is preheated, then each laser is switched to a fuse power of 200w, the laser is irradiated with the delay time of 20ms, and the wire 5 is fused at the instant high temperature of the laser. When six lasers are used and the diameter of the wire 5 is 1.2mm, each laser is started, each laser irradiates the wire 5 with preheating power of 30w for 100ms in a delayed mode, the wire 5 is preheated, then each laser is switched to fuse power of 200w, the laser is irradiated with the delay for 10ms, and the wire 5 is fused at the instant high temperature of the laser. Since the wire 5 is in tension during fusing, the occurrence of small "balls" that may be caused by laser melting the wire 5 is avoided. Meanwhile, the shielding gas is high-pressure shielding gas, and the gas flow is 4L/min-50L/min. Under the pressure effect of the high-pressure protective gas, the occurrence of smaller 'molten balls' is further avoided.
As shown in fig. 3, after the automatic gun cleaning and wire cutting are completed, dry extension correction is performed. Step one: the print head 1 and the substrate 2 are moved relative to each other so that the wire 5 avoids the holes in the substrate 2. At this time, the wires 5 and the substrate 2 are respectively connected with the wires 6. The servo motor switches the speed control mode, the wire feeding system 3 is driven to feed wires, a loop is formed between the wire 5 and the substrate 2 at the moment that the wire 5 contacts the substrate 2, the controller receives a signal, the servo motor is switched to the position control mode, and the relative position of the current servo motor is set to be 0. Step two: the controller controls the servo motor to rotate reversely and drives the wire feeding system 3 to feed wires, and the wire feeding distance is w. Given that the distance from the print head 1 to the substrate 2 is H, the dry elongation of the wire 5 at the different arcing points is set to L, the wire 5 is unwound by a distance w=h-L, and the w value ranges: 0.3-0.4mm; the distance H from the printhead 1 to the substrate 2 is known to be done by laser ranging.
The method of the invention can be applied to the field of laser welding as well.
The above-described embodiments are intended to be exemplary, non-limiting to those skilled in the art, and the scope of the invention is not to be limited by the above-described embodiments, nor is any reference sign in the claims to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims concerned.
Claims (7)
1. The automatic gun cleaning, wire cutting and dry elongation correction method is characterized in that: the method is applied to welding equipment or material adding equipment with laser and wires, the equipment comprises a laser, a welding head or printing head, a wire feeding system and a substrate, the wire feeding system controls a servo motor to rotate forwards and backwards by a controller to realize wire feeding or wire returning, the servo motor is provided with a speed control mode, a position control mode and a torque control mode, and the automatic gun cleaning and wire cutting method comprises the following steps:
step one: the servo motor controls the wire feeding system to feed wires in a speed control mode, and wires pass through holes in the substrate and are compressed by a compressing mechanism below the holes;
step two: the servo motor is switched to a torque control mode, and rotates reversely with a certain torque force to give the wire a force in the wire withdrawing direction so as to tension the wire;
step three: the laser is adjusted to be aligned with the wire, the laser is started, the laser preheats the wire at first power and for a first period of time, and then fuses the wire at second power and for a second period of time.
2. The automatic gun cutting and dry elongation correction method according to claim 1, wherein: the dry elongation correction method comprises the following steps: the wire and the substrate are respectively externally connected with a wire, the servo motor is switched to a speed control mode, the wire feeding system is controlled to feed wires, the wire and the substrate form a loop at the moment when the wire contacts the substrate, and the controller receives signals and controls the servo motor to be switched to a position control mode; the controller controls the servo motor to rotate reversely and drives the wire feeding system to feed wires, and the wire feeding distance is w.
3. The automatic gun cutting and dry elongation correction method according to claim 2, wherein: given a bond head or print head to substrate distance H and a dry elongation of the wire at the different arcing points set to L, the wire draw-out distance w=h-L.
4. A method for automatic gun cutting and dry elongation correction according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the device also comprises a shielding gas system, wherein the gas flow of the shielding gas is 4L/min-50L/min.
5. A method for automatic gun cutting and dry elongation correction according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the first power is less than the second power.
6. A laser additive equipment system, characterized by: the system uses the automatic gun cutting and dry elongation correction method of any one of claims 1-3 to perform gun cutting and dry elongation correction.
7. A laser welder apparatus system, characterized by: the system uses the automatic gun cutting and dry elongation correction method of any one of claims 1-3 to perform gun cutting and dry elongation correction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311509802.0A CN117245218B (en) | 2023-11-14 | 2023-11-14 | Automatic gun cleaning, wire cutting and dry extension correction method and equipment system thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311509802.0A CN117245218B (en) | 2023-11-14 | 2023-11-14 | Automatic gun cleaning, wire cutting and dry extension correction method and equipment system thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117245218A true CN117245218A (en) | 2023-12-19 |
| CN117245218B CN117245218B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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| CN202311509802.0A Active CN117245218B (en) | 2023-11-14 | 2023-11-14 | Automatic gun cleaning, wire cutting and dry extension correction method and equipment system thereof |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0910982A (en) * | 1995-06-27 | 1997-01-14 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Underwater laser welding method |
| JP2012106270A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-06-07 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Laser brazing device and wire cutting method therefor |
| CN106944720A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-07-14 | 伊利诺斯工具制品有限公司 | The metal working system of formula wire feed start-up function is controlled with power |
| CN107199406A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-26 | 武汉比天科技有限责任公司 | A kind of tin silk precision welding device and control method |
| CN107414303A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-01 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of laser scanning combination laser heating wire TIG complex welding method |
| CN116423051A (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-07-14 | 广东利元亨智能装备股份有限公司 | Control method and device for welding fuse and electronic equipment |
-
2023
- 2023-11-14 CN CN202311509802.0A patent/CN117245218B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0910982A (en) * | 1995-06-27 | 1997-01-14 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Underwater laser welding method |
| JP2012106270A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-06-07 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Laser brazing device and wire cutting method therefor |
| CN106944720A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-07-14 | 伊利诺斯工具制品有限公司 | The metal working system of formula wire feed start-up function is controlled with power |
| CN107199406A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-26 | 武汉比天科技有限责任公司 | A kind of tin silk precision welding device and control method |
| CN107414303A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-01 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of laser scanning combination laser heating wire TIG complex welding method |
| CN116423051A (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-07-14 | 广东利元亨智能装备股份有限公司 | Control method and device for welding fuse and electronic equipment |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN117245218B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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