CN117243731B

CN117243731B - Femoral prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN117243731B
Application number: CN202311528458.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汤小东; 尉然; 于沂阳; 刘胜强
Original assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-11-16
Filing date: 2023-11-16
Publication date: 2024-03-29
Anticipated expiration: 2043-11-16
Also published as: CN117243731A

Abstract

The present invention provides a femoral prosthesis comprising: the femoral stem comprises a stem body, a femoral neck and a connector which are sequentially connected, the stem body is provided with an acetabular connecting end and a femoral connecting end which are oppositely arranged, the stem body extends along a first direction, the femoral neck extends along a second direction, the periphery of the femoral neck protrudes out of the stem body, and the connector is connected with the acetabular connecting end; the femur external fixing plate is connected with the femur connecting end; the connecting piece, the external fixed plate of femur passes through connecting piece and handle body fixed connection. Through the technical scheme that this application provided, can solve the problem that the femoral prosthesis among the correlation technique can't satisfy the user demand.

Description

Femoral prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of prostheses, in particular to a femoral prosthesis.

Background

The hip joint replacement is an operation treatment method for replacing the damaged hip joint by using the artificial hip joint, is used for treating severe hip joint such as severe hip arthritis, hip dysplasia and the like, can relieve the hip joint pain of a patient, improves the activity function of the hip joint and improves the life quality of the patient.

In the related art, a femoral stem prosthesis is commonly used clinically for hip joint replacement, the prosthesis requires that the normal biomechanical structure of the proximal end of a femur is damaged due to the fact that the femoral neck bone cutting amount is too much, and the stress shielding effect of the distal end of the prosthesis after operation further aggravates the sinking of the prosthesis and the dissolution of bones around the prosthesis, so that the survival rate of the prosthesis is reduced, and even the postoperative functional effect of a patient is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a femoral prosthesis, which aims to solve the problem that the femoral prosthesis in the related art cannot meet the use requirement.

The present invention provides a femoral prosthesis comprising: the femoral stem comprises a stem body, a femoral neck and a connector which are sequentially connected, the stem body is provided with an acetabular connecting end and a femoral connecting end which are oppositely arranged, the stem body extends along a first direction, the femoral neck extends along a second direction, the periphery of the femoral neck protrudes out of the stem body, and the connector is connected with the acetabular connecting end; the femur external fixing plate is connected with the femur connecting end; the connecting piece, the external fixed plate of femur passes through connecting piece and handle body fixed connection.

Further, the femoral prosthesis further comprises a rotor preventing wing, the rotor preventing wing can swing to penetrate through the side wall of the handle body, the swing center of the rotor preventing wing extends along the second direction, the rotor preventing wing is provided with a positioning position penetrating out of the handle body and a retracting position retracting to the handle body, and the connecting piece can drive the rotor preventing wing to move from the retracting position to the positioning position.

Further, the handle body is provided with a connecting hole and a swinging hole which are communicated, the connecting piece is arranged in the connecting hole in a penetrating mode to be connected with the handle body, and the rotor wing can be prevented from being arranged in the swinging hole in a penetrating mode in a swinging mode.

Further, the anti-rotor comprises a sector plate, one straight edge of the sector plate is provided with a bar-shaped protrusion, the swing hole comprises a bar-shaped hole and a limit hole, the extending direction of the bar-shaped hole is the same as that of the handle body, the limit hole is communicated with one end, far away from the connector, of the bar-shaped hole, the sector plate can be arranged in the bar-shaped hole in a penetrating mode in a swinging mode, and the bar-shaped protrusion can be arranged in the limit hole in a penetrating mode in a rotatable mode.

Further, one end of the strip-shaped bulge is provided with an avoidance slope for avoiding the limit hole.

Further, the connecting piece includes connecting screw, and connecting screw includes the linkage segment and prevents moving back the section, and the linkage segment all has the external screw thread with preventing moving back the section, and the handle body has first screw hole, is provided with the second screw hole on the external fixed plate of femur, and the linkage segment wears to locate first screw hole and with handle body threaded connection, prevents moving back the section and wears to locate the second screw hole and with the external fixed plate threaded connection of femur.

Further, the anti-withdrawal section is a tapered section, the second threaded hole is a tapered hole, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the tapered section and the tapered hole gradually decrease in the direction in which the shank body points to the connector.

Further, the external fixing plate of femur comprises a fixing section and locking sections connected to two ends of the fixing section, the femoral prosthesis further comprises a bone locking screw, the connecting piece penetrates through the fixing section, and the bone locking screw penetrates through the locking section.

Further, the number of the bone locking screws is three, two first through holes are formed in one locking section, a second through hole is formed in the other locking section, the two first through holes and the second through holes are not collinear, the two bone locking screws correspondingly penetrate through the two first through holes, and the other bone locking screw penetrates through the second through hole.

Further, the femur neck is of an oval structure, and the femur neck and the handle body are eccentrically arranged.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the femoral prosthesis comprises a femoral stem, a femoral external fixing plate and a connecting piece, when the femoral prosthesis is used, a ball head is connected to a connector of the femoral stem, the ball head is placed in an acetabular fossa, a stem body of the femoral stem is inserted into a femur, the femoral external fixing plate and the ball head are respectively positioned at two sides of the femur, and the femoral external fixing plate and the stem body are connected by the connecting piece so as to fix the femoral stem in the femur. Because the femur neck is arranged on the femur handle, the stress of the femur handle is improved, the reconstruction of the physiological pivot of the hip joint can be effectively completed, the bone quantity of the proximal femur is reserved to the maximum extent, the sinking of the handle body is prevented, and the survival rate of the prosthesis is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a femoral prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a femoral stem of a femoral prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a femoral prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows an exploded view of a femoral prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a femoral stem and an anti-rotor of a femoral prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural view of an anti-rotor of a femoral prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 shows a schematic view of still another structure of an anti-rotor of a femoral prosthesis provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a femoral stem; 11. a handle body; 111. a connection hole; 112. a swing hole; 1121. a bar-shaped hole; 1122. a limiting hole; 12. a femoral neck; 13. a connector;

20. an external femur fixing plate; 21. a fixed section; 22. a locking section;

30. a connecting piece; 31. a connection section; 32. an anti-withdrawal section;

40. anti-rotor wing; 41. a bar-shaped protrusion; 411. avoidance slope;

50. bone locking screw.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the embodiment of the invention provides a femoral prosthesis, which comprises a femoral stem 10, a femoral external fixing plate 20 and a connecting piece 30, wherein the femoral stem 10 comprises a stem body 11, a femoral neck 12 and a connecting head 13 which are sequentially connected, the stem body 11 is provided with an acetabular connecting end and a femoral connecting end which are oppositely arranged, the stem body 11 extends along a first direction, the femoral neck 12 extends along a second direction, the periphery of the femoral neck 12 protrudes out of the stem body 11, and the connecting head 13 is connected with the acetabular connecting end; the femur external fixing plate 20 is connected with the femur connecting end; the femur external fixing plate 20 is fixedly connected with the handle body 11 through a connecting piece 30.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the femoral prosthesis comprises a femoral stem 10, a femoral external fixing plate 20 and a connecting piece 30, when the femoral prosthesis is used, a ball head is connected to a connector 13 of the femoral stem 10, the ball head is placed in an acetabular fossa, a shank 11 of the femoral stem 10 is inserted into a femur, the femoral external fixing plate 20 and the ball head are respectively positioned at two sides of the femur, and the femoral external fixing plate 20 and the shank 11 are connected by the connecting piece 30 so as to fix the femoral stem 10 in the femur. Because the femur neck 12 is arranged on the femur handle 10, the stress of the femur handle 10 is improved, the reconstruction of the physiological pivot of the hip joint can be effectively completed, the bone quantity at the proximal end of the femur is reserved to the maximum extent, the sinking of the handle body 11 is prevented, and the survival rate of the prosthesis is improved.

The external femoral fixing plate 20 is fixedly connected with the stem 11, which means that the stem 11 cannot rotate in the femur and cannot move relatively.

In this embodiment, the connector 13 is provided with a tapered structure, the outer wall of the connector 13 is provided with threads, and the ball head is in threaded connection with the connector 13.

As shown in fig. 1, the femoral prosthesis further includes a rotor preventing member 40, the rotor preventing member 40 is swingably disposed on a side wall of the handle body 11, a swing center of the rotor preventing member 40 extends in the second direction, the rotor preventing member 40 has a positioning position penetrating out of the handle body 11 and a retracted position retracted into the handle body 11, and the connector 30 is capable of driving the rotor preventing member 40 to move from the retracted position to the positioning position. After the stem 11 is implanted, the anti-rotation wing 40 can be moved to the positioning position by the connecting piece 30 to prevent the stem 11 from rotating in the femur, so that the positioning is more stable.

As shown in fig. 2, the shank 11 has a connecting hole 111 and a swinging hole 112 which are communicated, and the connector 30 is inserted through the connecting hole 111 to connect with the shank 11, and the anti-rotor 40 is swingably inserted through the swinging hole 112. With the shank 11 having the above-described structure, the connection between the connector 30 and the shank 11 can be achieved by the connection hole 111, and the swinging of the rotor 40 can be driven by the connector 30 by the swinging hole 112.

As shown in fig. 6, the anti-rotor 40 includes a sector plate, one of straight edges of the sector plate is provided with a bar-shaped protrusion 41, the swing hole 112 includes a bar-shaped hole 1121 and a limit hole 1122, the extending direction of the bar-shaped hole 1121 and the handle 11 is the same, the limit hole 1122 is communicated with one end of the bar-shaped hole 1121 far away from the connector 13, the sector plate is swingably arranged in the bar-shaped hole 1121 in a penetrating manner, and the bar-shaped protrusion 41 is rotatably arranged in the limit hole 1122 in a penetrating manner. With the above structure, the swing of the rotor 40 can be prevented by the bar-shaped hole 1121, and the bar-shaped protrusion 41 is restricted by the restricting hole 1122, so that the rotor 40 is prevented from being separated from the handle 11 when swinging.

In this embodiment, the connection hole 111 and the swing hole 112 are formed with an arc surface corresponding to the sector plate, and the arc surface is disposed corresponding to the arc surface of the sector plate, so as to prevent the rotation and accommodation of the rotor 40.

Wherein, at the time of assembly, the sector plate is correspondingly inserted in the strip-shaped hole 1121 and is inserted in the strip-shaped hole 1121. The bar-shaped protrusions 41 are correspondingly inserted into the limiting holes 1122, and finally the end portions of the bar-shaped protrusions 41 are located in the limiting holes 1122.

As shown in fig. 7, one end of the bar-shaped protrusion 41 is provided with an avoidance slope 411 of the avoidance limiting hole 1122. When the rotor 40 is prevented from swinging, the avoidance slope 411 can provide the avoidance space between the bar-shaped protrusion 41 and the limit hole 1122, so that the limit hole 1122 does not restrict the swinging of the sector plate.

In other embodiments, a relief ramp may be provided on the wall of the limiting aperture 1122.

As shown in fig. 4, the connecting piece 30 includes a connecting screw, the connecting screw includes a connecting section 31 and an anti-back section 32, the connecting section 31 and the anti-back section 32 are both provided with external threads, the handle 11 is provided with a first threaded hole, the external fixing plate 20 of femur is provided with a second threaded hole, the connecting section 31 is threaded through the first threaded hole and is in threaded connection with the handle 11, and the anti-back section 32 is threaded through the second threaded hole and is in threaded connection with the external fixing plate 20 of femur. By adopting the connecting piece 30 with the structure, the connecting piece 30 and the handle body 11 can be connected by the connecting section 31, the connecting piece 30 and the femur external fixing plate 20 can be connected by the anti-withdrawal section 32, and further the anti-withdrawal of the connecting piece 30 can be realized.

In this embodiment, the anti-back-out segment 32 is in threaded destructive connection with the femoral external fixation plate 20, thereby enabling anti-back-out of the connection 30.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the anti-back-out section 32 is a tapered section, and the second threaded hole is a tapered hole, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the tapered section and the tapered hole gradually decrease in the direction in which the shank 11 is directed toward the connecting head 13. The taper-fit connection mode is adopted, and the advantage of simple connection structure is achieved.

In this embodiment, the major diameter of the thread in the second threaded hole is unchanged along the axial direction thereof, and the minor diameter thereof is linearly changed along the axial direction, and finally a tapered hole is formed. Specifically, the minor diameter of the second threaded hole gradually decreases in the direction toward the shank 11. During connection of the anti-backup section 32 with the second threaded bore, the external threads of the anti-backup section 32 may damage threads in the second threaded bore to form a destructive connection.

As shown in fig. 1, the external femoral fixation plate 20 includes a fixation section 21 and locking sections 22 connected to both ends of the fixation section 21, and the femoral prosthesis further includes a bone locking screw 50, wherein the connecting member 30 is inserted into the fixation section 21, and the bone locking screw 50 is inserted into the locking sections 22. The femur external fixing plate 20 with the structure is connected with the connecting piece 30 by the fixing section 21, and the femur external fixing plate 20 is connected with the femur by the locking section 22, so that the connection of the handle body 11 is firmer.

In the present embodiment, the thickness dimension of the fixing section 21 is larger than the thickness dimension of the locking section 22. The locking section 22 has a thickness of 4.5mm and can be bent to enhance attachment to the femur in different configurations.

As shown in fig. 1, the number of the bone locking screws 50 is three, wherein two first through holes are provided on one locking section 22, and a second through hole is provided on the other locking section 22, the two first through holes and the second through holes are not collinear, wherein the two bone locking screws 50 correspondingly penetrate through the two first through holes, and the other bone locking screw 50 penetrates through the second through hole. With the above structure, three bone locking screws 50 can form a triangle structure on the femur external fixation plate 20, so that the femur external fixation plate 20 is more firmly connected. And the pressure born by the femoral neck 12 can be dispersed, the risk of fracture of the femoral neck 12 is reduced, and the postoperative stability of the hip joint operation is improved.

Specifically, the femoral neck 12 has an elliptical structure, and the femoral neck 12 is disposed eccentrically with respect to the stem 11. With the above structure, when the femur receives the force transmitted by the pelvis, the elliptical eccentric neck increases the force arm between the fulcrum and the center of the femoral stem 10, reduces the stress of the femoral stem 10, and prevents the stem 11 from sinking to achieve long-term stability.

In this embodiment, the long diameter of the femoral neck 12 is mounted toward the lower edge of the human femoral neck.

By adopting the femoral prosthesis, the length of the handle body 11 is shorter, the forward tilting angle of human bones can be reserved after implantation, and the problems of femoral neck fracture, pain and the like caused by improper matching of the prosthesis and the marrow cavity are solved.

In this embodiment, the outer wall of the stem 11 is designed into a trabecular bone structure, and increasing the bone in-growth contact area ensures a longer-term stability of the femoral stem 10 after implantation.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by azimuth words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "second direction, first direction, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and these azimuth words do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A femoral prosthesis, the femoral prosthesis comprising:

the femoral stem (10) comprises a stem body (11), a femoral neck (12) and a connector (13) which are sequentially connected, wherein the stem body (11) is provided with an acetabular connecting end and a femoral connecting end which are oppositely arranged, the stem body (11) extends along a first direction, the femoral neck (12) extends along a second direction, the periphery of the femoral neck (12) protrudes out of the stem body (11), and the connector (13) is connected with the acetabular connecting end;

the femur external fixing plate (20) is connected with the femur connecting end;

the connecting piece (30), the connecting piece (30) can move along the axis direction of the handle body (11), and the femur external fixing plate (20) is fixedly connected with the handle body (11) through the connecting piece (30);

the femoral prosthesis further comprises a rotor preventing wing (40), the rotor preventing wing (40) is arranged on the side wall of the handle body (11) in a penetrating mode in a swinging mode, the swinging center of the rotor preventing wing (40) extends in a second direction, the rotor preventing wing (40) is provided with a positioning position penetrating out of the handle body (11) and a retracting position retracting to the handle body (11), and the connecting piece (30) can drive the rotor preventing wing (40) to move from the retracting position to the positioning position.

2. The femoral prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the stem (11) has a connecting hole (111) and a swinging hole (112) which are in communication, the connecting member (30) is provided through the connecting hole (111) to connect with the stem (11), and the anti-rotor (40) is provided through the swinging hole (112) swingably.

3. The femoral prosthesis according to claim 2, wherein the anti-rotation wing (40) comprises a sector plate, one straight edge of the sector plate is provided with a bar-shaped protrusion (41), the swinging hole (112) comprises a bar-shaped hole (1121) and a limit hole (1122), the extending direction of the bar-shaped hole (1121) is the same as that of the handle body (11), the limit hole (1122) is communicated with one end of the bar-shaped hole (1121) far away from the connector (13), the sector plate is swingably arranged in the bar-shaped hole (1121) in a penetrating manner, and the bar-shaped protrusion (41) is rotatably arranged in the limit hole (1122).

4. A femoral prosthesis according to claim 3, wherein one end of the bar-shaped protrusion (41) is provided with a relief ramp (411) that clears the limiting aperture (1122).

5. The femoral prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the connecting piece (30) comprises a connecting screw, the connecting screw comprises a connecting section (31) and an anti-back section (32), the connecting section (31) and the anti-back section (32) are provided with external threads, the handle body (11) is provided with a first threaded hole, the femoral external fixing plate (20) is provided with a second threaded hole, the connecting section (31) is arranged in the first threaded hole in a penetrating manner and is in threaded connection with the handle body (11), and the anti-back section (32) is arranged in the second threaded hole in a penetrating manner and is in threaded connection with the femoral external fixing plate (20).

6. Femoral prosthesis according to claim 5, wherein the anti-back-out section (32) is a conical section and the second threaded hole is a conical hole, the cross-sectional dimensions of the conical section and the conical hole decreasing gradually in the direction of the stem (11) towards the connection head (13).

7. The femoral prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the femoral external fixation plate (20) comprises a fixation section (21) and locking sections (22) connected at both ends of the fixation section (21), the femoral prosthesis further comprising a bone locking screw (50), the connecting piece (30) being threaded through the fixation section (21), the bone locking screw (50) being threaded through the locking sections (22).

8. The femoral prosthesis according to claim 7, wherein the number of bone locking screws (50) is three, wherein one locking segment (22) is provided with two first through holes, the other locking segment (22) is provided with a second through hole, the two first through holes and the second through holes are not collinear, wherein the two bone locking screws (50) correspondingly penetrate the two first through holes, and the other bone locking screw (50) penetrates the second through hole.

9. The femoral prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the femoral neck (12) is of oval configuration, the femoral neck (12) being arranged eccentrically to the stem (11).