CN117238407A - Method and device for determining crushing strength of rock-fill particles with different sizes after dry and wet circulation - Google Patents
Method and device for determining crushing strength of rock-fill particles with different sizes after dry and wet circulation Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 227
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for determining crushing strength of rock-fill particles with different sizes after dry and wet circulation, which fully considers the coupling influence of the dry and wet circulation and the particle size of the particles to obtain data which better accords with the real damage condition of the particles. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, screening rock-fill particles with different sizes, and screening out a plurality of groups of rock-fill particles with different sizes; step 2, placing each group of the screened rock-fill particles into a dry-wet circulation testing machine respectively for dry-wet circulation tests with different times; step 3, after the dry-wet cycle test is completed, carrying out a single particle crushing test on each group of rock-fill particles; step 4, constructing a rock-fill particle characteristic crushing strength change model considering the particle size of particles and the coupling influence of dry and wet circulation times; the test data obtained in the step 3 are carried into a model to obtain fitting coefficients, and then a prediction model is obtained; and 5, predicting and determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes under different wet and dry cycles to be predicted by adopting a prediction model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock-soil particle material mechanics research, and particularly relates to a method and a device for determining crushing strength of rock-fill particles with different sizes after dry and wet circulation.
Background
Since the 21 st century, the rock-fill dam in China is continuously advanced and broken through in the aspects of planning and design, filling construction, safety monitoring and the like, has reached the world leading level, and is going to continuously lead the front development of the rock-fill dam construction in the future. In the long-term operation process of the rock-fill dam, factors such as elevation change of the reservoir water level, sun-drying and rain-spraying can cause deformation of the dam body, and when serious, the dam body can generate cracks, even seepage damage can be caused, and the safety of the dam is threatened. The stone stacking material is widely applied to the engineering construction of the stone stacking dam due to obvious economic and technical advantages, and is a main filling material of the stone stacking dam. The research on the mechanical property degradation characteristic of the rock-fill material under the dry-wet circulation condition can provide a reference for degradation deformation of the rock-fill dam caused by reservoir water circulation fluctuation in the long-term operation process, and prevent the dam body from uneven settlement, seepage damage and other problems.
The crushing strength of the rock-fill particles is affected not only by external environmental factors such as dry and wet cycles, but also by the properties of the rock-fill particles, such as particle size, particle shape, lithology, etc. The influence of particle size on crushing strength is always the focus of students, and a large number of research tests on the strength of rock-fill particles show that the strength of the rock-fill particles has obvious size effect. That is, the particles of different particle sizes have a large difference in strength and deformation characteristics, and the larger the particle size, the smaller the strength is.
Although the existing research on the influence factors of the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles has achieved a certain result, only the particle size or the influence of the dry-wet cycle times on the crushing strength of the particles can be considered independently, which obviously is not consistent with the actual influence condition of the particles, so that reliable data cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is needed to provide a prediction and determination method for the crushing strength of the particles under the coupled influence of two factors, namely a dry and wet cycle and the particle size of the particles, so as to provide accurate and reliable data for the working condition research of the actual rock-fill dam engineering, which is subjected to reservoir water level cyclic change during operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and aims to provide a method and a device for determining crushing strength of rock-fill particles with different sizes after dry and wet circulation, fully consider the coupling influence of the dry and wet circulation and the particle size of the particles, obtain data more in line with the actual damage condition of the particles, and provide a scientific and reliable way for researching the working state of the actual rock-fill dam engineering subjected to the cyclic change of the water level of a reservoir during the operation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following scheme:
< method >
The invention provides a method for determining crushing strength of rock-fill particles with different sizes after dry and wet circulation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, screening rock-fill particles with different sizes for a test, and screening out a plurality of groups of rock-fill particles with different sizes (known sizes) for a subsequent test;
step 2, placing each group of rock-fill particles screened in the step 1 into a dry-wet circulation testing machine respectively for dry-wet circulation tests (known circulation times) with different times;
step 3, taking out the rock-fill particles after the completion of the set number of wet and dry cycle tests from the wet and dry cycle test machine, and performing a single particle crushing test on each group of rock-fill particles to obtain characteristic crushing strength data of the rock-fill particles;
step 4, constructing a rock-fill particle characteristic crushing strength change model considering the particle size and the coupling influence of dry and wet circulation times:
wherein A, B, C, D, E, k are fitting coefficients, N is the number of dry and wet cycles, and D is the particle size of the particles; the test data obtained in the step 3 are carried into the formula to obtain fitting coefficients, so that a prediction model is obtained;
and 5, predicting and determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes under different dry and wet cycles to be predicted by adopting the prediction model obtained in the step 4.
Preferably, the method for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes after the dry and wet circulation provided by the invention has the advantage that in the step 1, the average particle size difference of the rock-fill particles among different groups is not less than 5mm.
Preferably, the method for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes after the dry and wet circulation provided by the invention has the advantage that in the step 1, the average particle size difference of the rock-fill particles among different groups is 10-20 mm.
Preferably, in the method for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes after the dry and wet circulation, in the step 1, the plurality of groups of the rock-fill particles with different sizes are 3-4 groups.
Preferably, the method for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes after the dry and wet circulation provided by the invention has the advantage that in the step 1, the particle sizes of the rock-fill particles in the same group are different by not more than 10mm.
< device >
Further, the present invention provides a device for determining crushing strength of different sized rockfill particles after dry and wet cycles capable of automatically realizing the above < method >, characterized by comprising:
screening part, screening the rock-fill particles with different sizes for test, and screening out multiple groups of rock-fill particles with different sizes for subsequent test;
a dry-wet circulation part, which is to put each group of the screened rock-fill particles into a dry-wet circulation testing machine for dry-wet circulation tests with different times;
the coupling test part is used for taking out the rock-fill particles after the completion of the dry-wet cycle test for the set times from the dry-wet cycle test machine, and then carrying out a single particle crushing test on each group of rock-fill particles to obtain characteristic crushing strength data of the rock-fill particles;
a prediction model construction part for constructing a rock-fill particle characteristic crushing strength change model considering the particle size and the coupling influence of the dry and wet cycle times:
wherein A, B, C, D, E, k are fitting coefficients, N is the number of dry and wet cycles, and D is the particle size of the particles; the test data obtained by the coupling test part are carried into the formula to obtain each fitting coefficient, so as to obtain a prediction model;
a prediction determination unit for predicting and determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes under different wet and dry cycles to be predicted by using a prediction model;
and the control part is in communication connection with the sieving part, the dry-wet circulating part, the coupling test part, the prediction model building part and the prediction determining part and controls the operation of the sieving part, the dry-wet circulating part, the coupling test part, the prediction model building part and the prediction determining part.
Preferably, the device for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes after the dry and wet circulation provided by the invention further comprises: and the input display part is in communication connection with the control part, allows an operator to input a control instruction and displays corresponding information according to the control instruction.
Preferably, the invention provides the device for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes after the dry and wet circulation, wherein the average particle size difference of the rock-fill particles among different groups in the screening part is not less than 5mm.
Preferably, the invention provides the device for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes after the dry and wet circulation, wherein the average particle size difference of the rock-fill particles between different groups in the screening part is 10-20 mm.
Preferably, the invention provides the device for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes after the dry and wet circulation, and the particle sizes of the rock-fill particles in the same group in the screening part are different by not more than 10mm.
Effects and effects of the invention
According to the method and the device for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes after the dry and wet circulation, the rock-fill particle characteristic crushing strength change model considering the coupling influence of the particle size and the dry and wet circulation times is provided for the first time, the data obtained by the test are brought into the model to determine all parameters, and a final prediction model can be obtained, the characteristic crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different particle sizes under any circulation times can be predicted through the prediction model, the prediction result is more in accordance with the actual situation, the influence of the circulation times and the particle size on the characteristic crushing strength can be accurately quantized, and accurate and reliable data are provided for the research on the working state of the actual rock-fill dam engineering, which is subjected to reservoir water level circulation change during the operation. For example, the method is used for determining the crushing strength of the dam rock-fill material of the core wall rock-fill dam after the dam rock-fill material undergoes the cyclic lifting of the water level of the warehouse to bring about the dry-wet cyclic action.
In addition, the invention only needs to carry out dry and wet cyclic treatment for 3-4 kinds of rock-fill particles with different particle diameters for different times, and carries out single particle crushing test for the rock-fill particles after the dry and wet cyclic action, thereby having low requirements on test equipment, less test times, simple and convenient operation, and being capable of effectively saving test materials and test time. The workload of research on influence of dry and wet circulation on crushing strength of rock-fill particles with different sizes is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the influence of particle size and cycle number on characteristic crushing strength in a method for determining crushing strength of different-sized rock-fill particles after dry and wet cycles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a typical load-displacement graph of a single particle strength test for a slate stacker in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the distribution of the crushing strength Weibull of slate rock-fill particles with a particle size of 30-40mm under different dry-wet cycle times according to the first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the characteristic crushing strength of rock-fill particles with the particle size at different cycle times according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the variation of the characteristic crushing strength of slate particles according to the number of dry and wet cycles N and the particle diameter d according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the distribution of the crushing strength Weibull after 4, 12, 20, 28 and 32 dry and wet cycles of 20-30mm particle size fractions of slate particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail the specific embodiments of the method and apparatus for determining the crushing strength of different sized rock-fill particles after dry and wet cycles according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a certain pile of rock, which uses a parent rock as a slate, is taken as an example to determine the characteristic crushing strength of different particle sizes after the pile is subjected to different circulation times.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the method for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes after the dry-wet cycle provided by the implementation comprises the following steps:
and step 1, screening the rock-fill particles with different sizes for the test, and screening out a plurality of groups of rock-fill particles with different sizes for the subsequent test.
In this example, 4 groups were screened: 10-20mm,20-30mm,30-40mm and 40-50mm.
And 2, respectively placing the rock-fill particles screened in the step 1 into a dry-wet circulation testing machine for dry-wet circulation tests with different times.
In this embodiment, for the slate rock-fill particles of four particle size groups, natural air-drying treatment (the number of dry and wet cycles is 0) is performed on the particles of a part of the particle size groups, and dry and wet cycles of different numbers are performed on the particles of a part of the particle size groups. The time of the primary soaking and the primary air drying is set to 12 hours, namely, the stacking particles are soaked for 12 hours and air dried for 12 hours, and then the drying and the wetting are recorded as the completion of one dry and wet cycle. And taking out the rock-fill particles after the predetermined number of times of dry-wet cycle tests of 8, 16 and 24 times from the dry-wet cycle test machine.
And step 3, taking out the rock-fill particles after the set number of dry-wet cycle tests from the dry-wet cycle test machine, and performing a single particle crushing test on each group of rock-fill particles to obtain characteristic crushing strength data of the rock-fill particles.
In this embodiment, single particle crushing tests are performed on all dry rock-fill particles and rock-fill particles subjected to different times of dry-wet cycle treatment respectively, quasi-static loading is performed by adopting a displacement loading mode until the rock-fill particles are crushed, and fig. 1 is a typical load-displacement curve of the rock-fill particles with the current particle size of 30-40mm under different times of dry-wet cycle. Firstly, calculating the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles according to the peak load F recorded by an instrument during the crushing of the rock-fill particles and the particle size d of the rock-fill particles: sigma=f/d 2 According to Weibull theory, the survival probability of rock-fill particles is expressed asSorting the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles according to ascending order, wherein the survival probability P of the rock-fill particles s (d) Can be expressed as: />n represents the number of test particles, i is the order of the test particles after ascending order of breaking strength. When the particle size of the particles satisfies d=d 0 Probability of survival P s (d) Can be expressed as: />The logarithm of the two sides of the equal sign can be obtained: ln [ ln (1/P) s )]＝m lnσ-m lnσ 0 M is Weibull modulus, sigma 0 Is the characteristic crushing strength of the particles.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the distribution data of the crushing strength Weibull of the slate rock-fill particles with the particle size of 30-40mm at different dry and wet cycle times.
Characteristic crushing strength data of each particle size group are obtained according to the mode.
Step 4, as shown in fig. 4, constructing a rock-fill particle characteristic crushing strength change model considering the particle size and the coupling influence of the dry and wet cycle times:
wherein A, B, C, D, E, k are fitting coefficients, N is the number of dry and wet cycles, and D is the particle size of the particles; and (3) taking the test data obtained in the step (3) into the formula to obtain fitting coefficients, thereby obtaining a prediction model.
In this embodiment, according to the characteristic breaking strength of the slate rock-fill particles obtained in the step 3, the following steps are adoptedAnd establishing the change relation of the characteristic crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with the particle size under different circulation times.
The fitting coefficients a under the cycle times of 0, 8, 16 and 24 are respectively 16.98, 11.83, 10.55 and 10.44, the fitting coefficients b are respectively-0.0480, -0.0245, -0.0218 and-0.0217, the fitting coefficient k is a constant, and the slate particles are taken to be-0.036.
According to the specific values of the fitting coefficients a and b, respectively establishing the relation between a and b and the number N of the dry and wet cycles respectively as followsb＝-0.48(1+N) -0.27 。
And further obtaining a prediction model of the characteristic crushing strength of the slate particles along with the dry and wet cycle times and the particle size change of the particles:
and 5, predicting and determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes under different dry and wet cycles to be predicted by adopting the prediction model obtained in the step 4.
As shown in fig. 5, the characteristic breaking strength σ of the slate particles is plotted 0 The characteristic crushing strength of slate particles with any particle size under any cycle number can be determined and predicted by the curved surface along with the change of the dry and wet cycle number N and the particle size d.
Further, the proposed prediction method is validated: the particles with the particle size of 20-30mm are respectively subjected to dry and wet cycle treatment for 4 times, 12 times, 20 times, 28 times and 32 times, the obtained Weibull distribution curve is shown in figure 6, the particle size of the slate particles obtained through the test is 20-30mm, and the characteristic crushing strength after the particles undergo the dry and wet cycle treatment for 4 times, 12 times, 20 times, 28 times and 32 times is 8.281MPa, 7.156MPa, 6.760MPa, 6.531MPa and 6.443MPa. The particle size of the slate particles obtained through curved surface prediction is 20-30mm, the characteristic crushing strength after 4, 12, 20, 28 and 32 dry and wet cycles is 7.800MPa, 7.097MPa, 6.973MPa, 6.928MPa and 6.911MPa respectively, and the error between the predicted result (the method) and the result obtained through the test (the measured data) is less than 7%, which indicates that the method has better consistency with the actual result.
< example two >
The second embodiment provides a device for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles based on the method provided by the invention, which comprises a sieving part, a dry-wet circulating part, a coupling test part, a prediction model constructing part, a prediction determining part, an input display part and a control part.
The screening part can execute the content described in the step 1, prompts an operator or screens the rock-fill particles with different sizes for the test by adopting a screening instrument, and screens out a plurality of groups of rock-fill particles with different sizes for the subsequent test.
The dry-wet circulation part can execute the content described in the step 2, and prompts an operator or adopts a mechanical arm to put the screened rock-fill particles into a dry-wet circulation testing machine respectively for carrying out dry-wet circulation tests with different times.
The coupling test part can execute the content described in the step 3, prompt an operator or adopt a mechanical arm to take out the rock-fill particles after the completion of the set number of wet and dry cycle tests from the wet and dry cycle test machine, and then carry out single particle crushing test on each group of rock-fill particles to obtain characteristic crushing strength data of the rock-fill particles.
The prediction model construction part can execute the content described in the step 4, and construct a rock-fill particle characteristic crushing strength change model considering the particle size and the coupling influence of the dry and wet cycle times:
wherein A, B, C, D, E, k are fitting coefficients, N is the number of dry and wet cycles, and D is the particle size of the particles; and (3) taking test data obtained by the coupling test part into the formula to obtain fitting coefficients, thereby obtaining a prediction model.
The prediction determination section can execute the above description of step 5, and adopts the prediction model to perform prediction determination on the crushing strengths of the rock-fill particles with different sizes under different wet and dry cycles to be predicted.
The input display part is communicated with the control part, so that an operator inputs a control instruction, and the input, output and intermediate processing data of the corresponding part are correspondingly displayed in a text, list, static or dynamic trend chart mode according to the control instruction.
The control part is communicated with the sieving part, the dry-wet circulating part, the coupling test part, the prediction model building part, the prediction determining part and the input display part, and controls the operation of the sieving part, the dry-wet circulating part, the coupling test part, the prediction model building part, the prediction determining part and the input display part.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention. The method and apparatus for determining the crushing strength of different sized rock-fill particles after dry and wet cycles according to the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, but are defined by the scope of the claims. Any modifications, additions or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on this embodiment are within the scope of the invention as claimed in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes after the dry-wet cycle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, screening rock-fill particles with different sizes for a test, and screening out a plurality of groups of rock-fill particles with different sizes for a subsequent test;
step 2, placing each group of rock-fill particles screened in the step 1 into a dry-wet circulation testing machine respectively for dry-wet circulation tests with different times;
step 3, taking out the rock-fill particles after the completion of the set number of wet and dry cycle tests from the wet and dry cycle test machine, and performing a single particle crushing test on each group of rock-fill particles to obtain characteristic crushing strength data of the rock-fill particles;
step 4, constructing a rock-fill particle characteristic crushing strength change model considering the particle size and the coupling influence of dry and wet circulation times:
wherein A, B, C, D, E, k are fitting coefficients, N is the number of dry and wet cycles, and D is the particle size of the particles; the test data obtained in the step 3 are carried into the formula to obtain fitting coefficients, so that a prediction model is obtained;
and 5, predicting and determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes under different dry and wet cycles to be predicted by adopting the prediction model obtained in the step 4.
2. The method for determining the crushing strength of different-sized rock-fill particles after dry and wet circulation according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein in step 1, the average particle diameters of the rock-fill particles among different groups differ by not less than 5mm.
3. The method for determining the crushing strength of different-sized rock-fill particles after dry and wet circulation according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein in the step 1, the average particle size difference of the rock-fill particles between different groups is 10-20 mm.
4. The method for determining the crushing strength of different-sized rock-fill particles after dry and wet circulation according to claim 1, wherein:
in the step 1, a plurality of groups of rock-fill particles with different sizes are 3-4 groups.
5. The method for determining the crushing strength of different-sized rock-fill particles after dry and wet circulation according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein in step 1, the particle diameters of the rock-fill particles in the same group differ by not more than 10mm.
6. The device for determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes after the dry-wet cycle is characterized by comprising the following components:
screening part, screening the rock-fill particles with different sizes for test, and screening out multiple groups of rock-fill particles with different sizes for subsequent test;
a dry-wet circulation part, which is to put each group of the screened rock-fill particles into a dry-wet circulation testing machine for dry-wet circulation tests with different times;
the coupling test part is used for taking out the rock-fill particles after the completion of the dry-wet cycle test for the set times from the dry-wet cycle test machine, and then carrying out a single particle crushing test on each group of rock-fill particles to obtain characteristic crushing strength data of the rock-fill particles;
a prediction model construction part for constructing a rock-fill particle characteristic crushing strength change model considering the particle size and the coupling influence of the dry and wet cycle times:
wherein A, B, C, D, E, k are fitting coefficients, N is the number of dry and wet cycles, and D is the particle size of the particles; the test data obtained by the coupling test part are carried into the formula to obtain each fitting coefficient, so as to obtain a prediction model;
a prediction determination unit for predicting and determining the crushing strength of the rock-fill particles with different sizes under different wet and dry cycles to be predicted by using a prediction model;
and the control part is in communication connection with the sieving part, the dry-wet circulating part, the coupling test part, the prediction model building part and the prediction determining part and controls the operation of the sieving part, the dry-wet circulating part, the coupling test part, the prediction model building part and the prediction determining part.
7. The apparatus for determining the crushing strength of different sized rock-fill particles after dry and wet cycles according to claim 6, further comprising:
and the input display part is in communication connection with the control part, allows an operator to input a control instruction and displays corresponding information according to the control instruction.
8. The apparatus for determining the crushing strength of different-sized rock-fill particles after dry and wet circulation according to claim 6, wherein:
wherein, in the sieving section, the average particle diameter of the rock-fill particles between different groups is not less than 5mm.
9. The apparatus for determining the crushing strength of different-sized rock-fill particles after dry and wet circulation according to claim 6, wherein:
wherein, in the sieving part, the average grain diameter difference of the rock-fill grains between different groups is 10-20 mm.
10. The device for determining the crushing strength of different-sized rock-fill particles after dry and wet circulation according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein, in the sieving part, the grain diameters of the rock-fill particles in the same group are different by not more than 10mm.
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