CN117236015A - Stratum fracture pressure prediction method based on continuous bedrock stress coefficient - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stratum fracture pressure prediction method based on a continuous bedrock stress coefficient, which relates to the field of oil drilling, and comprises the following steps: collecting well logging data and floor drain experimental data of a drilled well; and calculating the continuous bedrock stress coefficient of the whole well section through a back-push formula and acoustic time difference analysis, calculating the overburden pressure and the formation pore pressure, and substituting the obtained continuous bedrock stress coefficient, overburden pressure and formation pore pressure into a makes and kelvin method formation fracture pressure calculation formula to predict the formation fracture pressure of the whole well section. The method improves the traditional prediction mode of the bedrock stress coefficient based on the single floor drain experimental depth point, and improves the accuracy and reliability of stratum fracture pressure prediction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling, in particular to a stratum fracture pressure prediction method based on a continuous bedrock stress coefficient.
Background
Accurate prediction of formation fracture pressure may guide hydrocarbon exploration and development activities. In the exploration phase, the fracture pressure prediction can help optimize the exploration scheme and improve the exploration success rate. In the development stage, accurate prediction of the fracture pressure is helpful to determine reasonable mining modes and parameters, and poor mining effects or mining difficulties caused by too high or too low fracture pressure are avoided.
The method of fracture pressure of the formations by the Massa and the Kaili method is a common method for predicting the fracture pressure of the formations, and the stress coefficient (Ki) of bedrock is an important parameter in the calculation formula of the fracture pressure of the formations by the Massa and the Kaili method. In practical applications, researchers often use a floor drain Test (short for LOT) to extrapolate the bedrock stress coefficient (Ki) at a depth point, and then use this value (constant) to calculate the formation fracture pressure for the entire interval. However, in practical applications, it has been found that if a floor drain test (LOT) is performed on both the shallow layer of the well and the deep layer of the well, the Ki value for the shallow layer reverse push is different from the Ki value for the deep layer reverse push. Therefore, it is not appropriate to calculate the formation fracture pressure for the entire interval with a constant bedrock stress coefficient value (Ki value).
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a stratum fracture pressure prediction method based on a continuous bedrock stress coefficient, which is used for improving the stratum fracture pressure prediction precision and guiding engineering drilling mud design and solves the problem that the stratum fracture pressure result calculated by using a constant bedrock stress coefficient is inaccurate in the prior art.
The invention discloses a stratum fracture pressure prediction method based on a continuous bedrock stress coefficient, which comprises the following steps of:
and collecting the well logging data of the drilled well and the experimental data of the floor drain. Such data includes, but is not limited to, sonic jet lag curve data, density curve data, floor drain experimental data, and the like. Meanwhile, more floor drain experimental data should be collected as much as possible to obtain the bedrock stress coefficient Ki as accurate as possible;
according to the collected floor drain experimental data, reversely deducing a bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point by using a Massa and Kaili method stratum fracture pressure calculation formula;
the collected acoustic time difference data of the drilled well is analyzed, and compaction trend is identified and determined. The acoustic wave time difference can reflect the compactness of the stratum, which is an important geological parameter, and the change trend of the bedrock stress coefficient Ki can be estimated by analyzing the acoustic wave time difference;
and calculating the continuous bedrock stress coefficient of the whole well section according to the compaction trend and the bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each reversely-deduced experimental depth point of the floor drain. This step is the key of the invention, and the foundation rock stress coefficient K of each floor drain experimental depth point needs to be calculated by using a mathematical model i Serializing to generate a function or sequence of the stress coefficient and the depth of the bedrock;
calculating overburden pressure Po using the drilled density curve data; calculating the formation pore pressure Pp by using data such as acoustic time difference curve data;
substituting the continuous bedrock stress coefficient, overburden pressure Po and formation pore pressure Pp of the whole well section into a Massa and Kaili method formation fracture pressure calculation formula to calculate and obtain the formation fracture pressure of the whole well section.
Specifically, the expression of the bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point is reversely deduced by using the calculation formula of the stratum fracture pressure of the Massa and Kaili method, and is as follows:
ki= (Pf-Pp)/(Po-Pp) (formula 1)
Wherein Pf is the formation fracture pressure measured at a measurement depth point in the floor drain experiment;
pp is formation pressure;
po is overburden pressure.
Specifically, the fit formula expression of the compaction trend of the acoustic time difference data of the drilled well is:
trend=adefth+b (formula 2)
Wherein Trend is a compaction Trend;
depth is Depth;
a is a primary fitting parameter;
b is a constant term fitting parameter.
Specifically, the mathematical expression of calculating the continuous bedrock stress coefficient of the whole well section according to the compaction trend and the bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point reversely deduced is as follows:
Ki (Continuous) =ctrend+d (3)
Wherein Trend is a compaction Trend;
c is a primary fitting parameter;
d is a constant term fitting parameter.
Specifically, the expression for calculating overburden pressure Po using the drilled density curve data is:
wherein H is the depth of the overburden;
ρ (H) is the density of the depth H of the overburden.
Specifically, the method for calculating the formation pore pressure Pp by using data such as acoustic time difference curve data can adopt the eaton method, and the expression is as follows:
Pp＝Po-(Po-P n )(Δt n /Δt) n (5)
Wherein Po is overburden pressure;
P n is hydrostatic pressure;
Δt n a trend line for normally compacting mudstone;
Δt is the acoustic time difference curve;
n is an empirical parameter.
Specifically, the calculation expression of the makes and kelvin method of the formation fracture pressure of the whole well section is as follows:
P f ＝P P +K i continuous (P o -P P ) (6)
Wherein P is p Is the formation pressure;
K i continuous The stress coefficient of the continuous bedrock is the stress coefficient of the continuous bedrock of the whole well section;
P o is overburden pressure.
The invention also discloses a stratum fracture pressure prediction device based on the stress coefficient of the continuous bedrock, which comprises the following steps:
a first unit for collecting well logging data and floor drain experimental data, wherein the well logging data comprises well sonic time difference curve data and well density curve data;
the second unit is used for reversely pushing out a bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point according to the floor drain experimental data; analyzing the collected acoustic time difference data of the drilled well, and analyzing compaction trend of the acoustic time difference data of the drilled well; and calculating continuous base of the whole well section according to the compaction trend and the base rock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point reversely deducedRock stress coefficient Ki (Continuous) ；
A third unit for calculating an overburden pressure Po and a formation pore pressure Pp from the drilled density curve data and the drilled sonic moveout curve data, respectively;
a fourth unit for determining the continuous bedrock stress coefficient Ki of the whole well section (Continuous) And calculating the overburden pressure Po and the formation pore pressure Pp to obtain the formation fracture pressure of the whole well section.
The invention also discloses a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor realizes the steps of the above method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the stratum fracture pressure prediction method based on the continuous bedrock stress coefficient, which is disclosed by the invention, the stratum compaction trend, the overburden stratum pressure and the stratum pore pressure are comprehensively considered, a continuous bedrock stress coefficient which changes along with the depth is calculated, and then the stratum fracture pressure of the whole well section is calculated by using the continuous bedrock stress coefficient.
And secondly, the invention adopts the mode of acoustic time difference analysis and floor drain experimental data reverse-push, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the bedrock stress coefficient Ki.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a comparative diagram of practical application obtained by implementing a formation fracture pressure prediction method based on a continuous matrix stress coefficient according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In order to improve the prediction precision of the formation fracture pressure and guide the design of engineering drilling mud, the invention solves the problem that the existing calculation result of the formation fracture pressure by using a constant bedrock stress coefficient is inaccurate. The accuracy and reliability of prediction are remarkably improved, and a novel stratum fracture pressure prediction method is provided for the field of oil drilling.
Example 1: stratum fracture pressure prediction method based on continuous bedrock stress coefficient
Embodiment 1 provides a formation fracture pressure prediction method based on a continuous bedrock stress coefficient, which is applied to a certain drilled well as an example, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: well logging data and floor drain experimental data are collected, wherein the well logging data comprises well sonic jet lag curve data, well density curve data, and the like.
Meanwhile, more floor drain experimental data should be collected as much as possible to obtain the bedrock stress coefficient Ki as accurate as possible.
In some drilled implementation application, two experimental data of the drilled floor drain are collected together and are respectively located at the depths of 602 meters and 2496 meters.
Step S2: according to the floor drain experimental data, reversely deducing a bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point by using a Massa and Kaili method stratum fracture pressure calculation formula; analyzing the collected acoustic time difference data of the drilled well, identifying and determining compaction trend of the acoustic time difference data of the drilled well, and calculating continuous bedrock stress coefficient Ki of the whole well section according to the compaction trend and bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point reversely deduced (Continuous) ；
Wherein, the bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point of back-push includes: and analyzing the stratum fracture pressure of each depth point according to the floor drain experimental data, and further calculating the Ki value. The step of calculating the stress coefficient of the continuous bedrock of the whole well section comprises the following steps: the Ki values for each depth point are serialized using mathematical models and methods such as interpolation, regression, etc.
Specifically, the expression of the bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point is reversely deduced by using the calculation formula of the stratum fracture pressure of the Massa and Kaili method, and is as follows:
K i = (Pf-Pp)/(Po-Pp) (formula 1)
Wherein Pf is the formation fracture pressure measured at a measurement depth point in a floor drain test (LOT);
pp is formation pressure;
po is overburden pressure.
In some drilled implementation application, the bedrock stress coefficients Ki of the two floor drain experimental data depth points of the well are respectively 0.69 and 0.51.
The fitting formula expression for calculating the compaction trend of the drilled sound wave time difference data is as follows:
trend=adefth+b (formula 2)
Wherein Trend is a compaction Trend;
depth is Depth;
a is a fitting parameter of one term, and 0.032 is taken from the implementation application of a certain well;
b is a constant term fitting parameter taken 164 in some well-drilled implementation application.
The acoustic wave time difference can reflect the compactness of the stratum, which is an important geological parameter, and the change trend of the bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point can be estimated by analyzing the acoustic wave time difference.
Calculating the stress coefficient Ki of continuous bedrock of the whole well section (Continuous) The mathematical expression of (2) is:
Ki (Continuous) =ctrend+d (3)
In the method, in the process of the invention,Ki (Continuous) the stress coefficient of the continuous bedrock is the stress coefficient of the continuous bedrock of the whole well section;
trend is a compaction Trend;
c is a fitting parameter of one term, and 0.003 is taken from a certain drilled implementation application;
d is a constant term fitting parameter, taken as 0.26 in some well-drilled implementation application.
On the basis, the foundation rock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point is interpolated to obtain the continuous foundation rock stress coefficient of the whole well section.
Step S3: respectively calculating overburden pressure Po and formation pore pressure Pp according to the drilled density curve data and the drilled sonic time difference curve data;
wherein the step of calculating the overburden pressure Po comprises: and calculating by using parameters such as geological pressure gradient, stratum thickness and the like. The step of calculating the formation pore pressure Pp includes: calculations using petrogeologic formulas need to include related petrophysical parameters such as porosity, saturation, formation thickness, etc.
Specifically, the formation pressure Po is calculated using the drilled density curve data, expressed as:
wherein H is the depth of the overburden;
ρ (H) is the density of the depth H of the overburden;
g is gravitational acceleration.
Specifically, the formation pore pressure Pp is calculated by using the drilled sonic moveout curve data, and the following expression is adopted:
Pp＝Po-(Po-P n )(Δt n /Δt) n (5)
Wherein Po is overburden pressure;
P n is hydrostatic pressure;
Δt n a trend line for normally compacting mudstone;
Δt is the acoustic time difference curve;
n is an empirical parameter.
Step S4: according to the continuous bedrock stress coefficient Ki of the whole well section (Continuous) And calculating the overburden pressure Po and the formation pore pressure Pp to obtain the formation fracture pressure of the whole well section, wherein the expression is as follows:
P f ＝P P +Ki (Continuous) (P o -P P ) (6)
Wherein P is P Is the formation pressure;
Ki (Continuous) the stress coefficient of the continuous bedrock is the stress coefficient of the continuous bedrock of the whole well section;
P o is overburden pressure.
The specific method comprises the following steps: matrix stress coefficient Ki for continuous whole well section (Continuous) And substituting the overburden pressure Po and the formation pore pressure Pp into a Marseis and Kaili method formation fracture pressure calculation formula in the formula 1, and calculating to obtain the formation fracture pressure of the whole well section.
As a result, as shown in fig. 1, the method provided by the invention can be used for realizing stratum fracture pressure prediction based on the stress coefficient of the continuous bedrock, so that the accuracy and reliability of the prediction are remarkably improved.
Example 2: stratum fracture pressure prediction device based on continuous bedrock stress coefficient
Embodiment 2 provides a formation fracture pressure prediction apparatus based on continuous bedrock stress coefficients, comprising:
a first unit for collecting well logging data and floor drain experimental data, wherein the well logging data comprises well sonic time difference curve data and well density curve data;
the second unit is used for reversely pushing out a bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point according to the floor drain experimental data; analyzing the collected acoustic time difference data of the drilled well, and analyzing compaction trend of the acoustic time difference data of the drilled well; and calculating the continuous bedrock stress coefficient Ki of the whole well section according to the compaction trend and the bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point reversely deduced (Continuous) ；
A third unit for calculating an overburden pressure Po and a formation pore pressure Pp from the drilled density curve data and the drilled sonic moveout curve data, respectively;
a fourth unit for determining the continuous bedrock stress coefficient Ki of the whole well section (Continuous) And calculating the overburden pressure Po and the formation pore pressure Pp to obtain the formation fracture pressure of the whole well section.
Example 3: computer readable storage medium
Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in embodiment 1.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A formation fracture pressure prediction method based on continuous bedrock stress coefficients, comprising the steps of:
collecting well logging data and floor drain experimental data, wherein the well logging data comprise well sonic time difference curve data and well density curve data;
reversely pushing out a bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point according to the floor drain experimental data; analyzing the collected acoustic time difference data of the drilled well, and analyzing compaction trend of the acoustic time difference data of the drilled well; and calculating the continuous bedrock stress coefficient Ki of the whole well section according to the compaction trend and the bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point reversely deduced (Continuous) ；
Respectively calculating overburden pressure Po and formation pore pressure Pp according to the drilled density curve data and the drilled sonic time difference curve data;
according to the continuous bedrock stress coefficient Ki of the whole well section (Continuous) And calculating the overburden pressure Po and the formation pore pressure Pp to obtain the formation fracture pressure of the whole well section.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the expression of the bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point is back-deduced as follows:
ki= (Pf-Pp)/(Po-Pp) (formula 1)
Wherein Pf is the formation fracture pressure measured at a measurement depth point in the floor drain experiment;
pp is formation pressure;
po is overburden pressure.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the substrate comprises,
the fitting formula expression of the compaction trend of the acoustic time difference data of the drilled well is as follows:
trend=adefth+b (formula 2)
Wherein Trend is a compaction Trend;
depth is Depth;
a is a primary fitting parameter;
b is a constant term fitting parameter.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the substrate comprises,
and calculating the mathematical expression of the continuous bedrock stress coefficient of the whole well section according to the compaction trend and the bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point reversely deduced, wherein the mathematical expression is as follows:
Ki (Continuous) =ctrend+d (3)
Wherein Trend is a compaction Trend;
c is a primary fitting parameter;
d is a constant term fitting parameter.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating overburden pressure Po and formation pore pressure Pp from the drilled density curve data and drilled sonic moveout curve data, respectively, comprises:
calculating overburden pressure Po using the drilled density curve data;
and calculating the formation pore pressure Pp by using data such as sonic jet lag curve data.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of determining the position of the probe is performed,
the overburden pressure Po is expressed as:
wherein H is the depth of the overburden;
ρ (H) is the density of the depth H of the overburden.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of determining the position of the probe is performed,
the expression of the calculation method of the stratum pore pressure Pp is as follows:
Pp＝Po-(Po-P n )(Δt n /Δt) n (5)
Wherein Po is overburden pressure;
P n is hydrostatic pressure;
Δt n a trend line for normally compacting mudstone;
Δt is the acoustic time difference curve;
n is an empirical parameter.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the substrate comprises,
the calculation expression of the formation fracture pressure of the whole well section is as follows:
P f ＝P P +K i continuous (P o -P P ) (6)
Wherein P is P Is the formation pressure;
K i continuous The stress coefficient of the continuous bedrock is the stress coefficient of the continuous bedrock of the whole well section;
P o is overburden pressure.
9. A formation fracture pressure prediction apparatus based on a continuous bedrock stress coefficient, comprising:
a first unit for collecting well logging data and floor drain experimental data, wherein the well logging data comprises well sonic time difference curve data and well density curve data;
the second unit is used for reversely pushing out a bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point according to the floor drain experimental data; analyzing the collected acoustic time difference data of the drilled well, and analyzing compaction trend of the acoustic time difference data of the drilled well; and calculating the continuous bedrock stress coefficient Ki of the whole well section according to the compaction trend and the bedrock stress coefficient Ki of each floor drain experimental depth point reversely deduced (Continuous) ；
A third unit for calculating an overburden pressure Po and a formation pore pressure Pp from the drilled density curve data and the drilled sonic moveout curve data, respectively;
a fourth unit for determining the continuous bedrock stress coefficient Ki of the whole well section (Continuous) And calculating the overburden pressure Po and the formation pore pressure Pp to obtain the formation fracture pressure of the whole well section.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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