CN117233461B - Resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method and frequency sweep device thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of resonant frequency sweep methods, and provides a resonant frequency hybrid sweep method and a sweep device thereof, wherein the sweep method comprises the following steps: receiving a signal in the resonant cavity; different frequency sweep methods are called to respectively carry out frequency sweep operation on signals in a mode of obtaining the optimal specific gravity of the frequency sweep points, and frequency sweep lists containing a plurality of frequency sweep points are respectively generated; and controlling the frequency sweep lists generated by different frequency sweep methods to be fused according to preset rules to generate a mixed frequency sweep list. According to the invention, different sweep methods are configured in a mode of obtaining the optimal sweep point proportion, so that the different sweep methods have different duty ratios, high-precision and long-term stability measurement of the resonant frequency can be realized, the advantages of each sweep method are fully exerted, the resonance peak characteristics can be more completely described, and the measuring efficiency and the measuring precision are higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resonant frequency sweep methods, in particular to a resonant frequency hybrid sweep method and a sweep device thereof.
Background
The resonant frequency sweep mode is widely applied to the detection fields of physical constant detection, material property detection, thermodynamic temperature detection and the like. The microwave resonance method is one of the detection means which is widely used. Typically for measuring a certain resonant frequency of the microwavesFirst, a certain frequency generation rule is adopted, and a certain frequency band covering the microwave resonance frequency is covered [，/>]Internal generation of N discrete sweep points {>After that, by measuring S under the scanning frequency point 21 Radix Ginseng ScatteringThe numbers are then fitted to the Lorentz equation to determine the microwave resonance frequency +.>And half width g. The rule of generating a list of swept frequencies is often referred to as a sweep method, which directly affects the efficiency and accuracy of resonant frequency measurements.
At present, the common frequency sweep method is a frequency uniform frequency sweep method and an radial angle uniform frequency sweep method, wherein the frequency uniform frequency sweep method is used for measuring sparse frequency sweep points near resonance peaks, and the frequency sweep points near background noise parts near two ends of a frequency sweep bandwidth are dense, so that high-precision microwave resonance frequency measurement is not facilitated, smaller frequency sweep step length is needed for realizing high-precision microwave resonance frequency measurement, and the measurement efficiency is low. The distribution condition of the sweep points of the radial angle uniform sweep method is opposite to that of the frequency uniform sweep method, when the sweep points of the same frequency band are the same, the sweep points are measured more densely near the resonance peak, the frequency measurement precision is higher, but the sweep points near the two ends of the sweep bandwidth, which are close to background noise, are more sparse, the background noise is difficult to describe better, the frequency measurement stability is reduced, and the sampling integration time is required to be increased to realize the long-term high-stability microwave resonance frequency measurement, so that the measurement efficiency is low. Therefore, a hybrid frequency sweep method that can integrate the advantages of multiple frequency sweep methods is needed to achieve long-term stable, high-precision microwave resonant frequency measurement, and to improve measurement speed and efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method and a frequency sweep device thereof, which are used for solving the defects of low measurement precision and low measurement efficiency of a single frequency sweep method in the prior art, realizing long-term stable and high-precision microwave resonant frequency measurement and improving the measurement speed and efficiency.
The invention provides a resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method, which comprises the following steps:
receiving a signal in the resonant cavity;
respectively carrying out frequency sweep operation on the signals by calling different frequency sweep methods in a mode of obtaining the optimal specific gravity of the frequency sweep points, and respectively generating frequency sweep lists containing a plurality of frequency sweep points;
and controlling the sweep frequency lists generated by different sweep frequency methods to be fused according to preset rules to generate a mixed sweep frequency list.
According to the resonant frequency mixed frequency sweep method provided by the invention, different frequency sweep methods are called to respectively carry out frequency sweep operation on the signals in a mode of obtaining the optimal frequency sweep point specific gravity, and the method comprises the following steps:
obtaining the optimal specific gravity of the sweep frequency point;
performing specific gravity configuration on different frequency sweeping methods based on the optimal specific gravity of the frequency sweeping point;
and controlling different frequency sweep methods to sweep in a preset frequency band based on the specific gravity configuration.
According to the resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method provided by the invention, the method for obtaining the optimal frequency sweep point specific gravity comprises the following steps:
setting a plurality of groups of sweep frequency point specific weights with different specific weight values;
respectively calling different frequency sweeping methods based on multiple groups of specific gravities of the frequency sweeping points to carry out frequency sweeping operation on the signals to obtain a mixed frequency sweeping list with different specific gravities of the frequency sweeping points;
and comparing the mixed frequency sweep lists of different frequency sweep point specific gravities, and outputting the specific gravity value with the lowest uncertainty of single measurement and highest long-term stability in the frequency sweep point as the optimal frequency sweep point specific gravity.
According to the resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method provided by the invention, the frequency sweep method for controlling different frequency sweep methods is based on the specific gravity configuration and carries out frequency sweep in a preset frequency band, and comprises the following steps:
setting the total number N of the unimodal sweep points, the specific gravity Z of the sweep points and the sweep half-width coefficient beta;
predicting the position of resonance peak in the frequency band covering the resonance frequency，/>]Calling a first frequency sweep method internally to perform rough scanning to generate a frequency sweep list containing N frequency sweep pointsP, measuring and fitting the scattering parameter S 21 Determining the fitting parameter resonance frequency +.>Half width ofgDetermining the approximate position of a resonance peak through fitting parameters;
based on the approximate position of the resonance peak determined by the fitting, calling another second frequency scanning method to carry out fine scanning, generating a frequency scanning list F containing N frequency scanning points, measuring and fitting a scattering parameter S 21 Updating the fitting parameter resonant frequencyHalf width ofg；
With updated fitting parameters resonant frequencyCentered at the band [ ]>-/>，/>+/>]And respectively generating a frequency sweep list P and a frequency sweep list F after specific gravity distribution according to the specific gravity Z of the frequency sweep point by the first frequency sweep method and the second frequency sweep method which are controlled internally.
According to the resonant frequency mixed sweep method provided by the invention, the frequency band is [-/>，/>+/>]The internal control first frequency sweeping method and the second frequency sweeping method respectively generate a frequency sweeping list P and a frequency sweeping list F after specific gravity distribution according to the specific gravity Z of the frequency sweep point, and the method comprises the following steps:
invoking the first sweep method in the frequency band [-/>，/>+/>]Generating a sweep frequency list P containing N x Z sweep frequency points;
invoking the second sweep method in the frequency band [-/>，/>+/>]A swept frequency list F is generated containing N-N x Z swept frequency points.
According to the resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method provided by the invention, the sweep frequency list generated by controlling different sweep frequency methods is fused according to a preset rule to generate a hybrid sweep frequency list, and the method comprises the following steps:
and combining the sweep frequency lists generated by different sweep frequency methods in ascending order or/and descending order to generate a mixed sweep frequency point list.
According to the resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method provided by the invention, the sweep frequency list generated by controlling different sweep frequency methods is fused according to a preset rule to generate a hybrid sweep frequency list, and the method further comprises the following steps:
setting the total frequency Nc of frequency sweep measurement when the single resonance peak is swept, and repeating the steps of controlling the frequency sweep lists generated by different frequency sweep methods to be fused according to a preset rule to generate a mixed frequency sweep list until the frequency of measurement is greater than the total frequency Nc of frequency sweep measurement.
The invention also provides a frequency sweep device applying the resonant frequency mixed frequency sweep method in any one of the embodiments, comprising: the system comprises a resonant cavity, an environment stabilizing system, a resonant frequency measuring system and an acquisition processing system;
the environment stabilizing system and the resonant frequency measuring system are respectively connected with the resonant cavity, and the acquisition processing system is connected with the resonant frequency measuring system;
the environment stabilization system is used for maintaining the environment stability in the resonant cavity, and the resonant frequency measurement system is used for measuring and transmitting resonant signals; the acquisition processing system is used for receiving and processing signals output by the resonant frequency measurement system.
According to the frequency sweep device provided by the invention, the environment stabilization system comprises a constant temperature module and a pressure stabilization suppression module;
the constant temperature module is connected with the resonant cavity and is suitable for providing constant temperature for the resonant cavity;
the voltage stabilizing and suppressing module is connected with the resonant cavity and is suitable for providing a stable pressure environment for the resonant cavity.
According to the sweep device provided by the invention, the resonance frequency measurement system comprises a network analyzer, a time and frequency standard meter connected with the network analyzer, a first antenna and a second antenna;
the network analyzer is connected with the resonant cavity through the first antenna and the second antenna;
wherein the time and frequency standard provides a time and frequency reference standard for the network analyzer for a predetermined fluctuation frequency.
Through any of the above embodiments, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the resonant frequency mixed frequency sweep method provided by the invention, different frequency sweep methods are configured in a mode of obtaining the optimal specific gravity of the frequency sweep point, so that different frequency sweep methods have different duty ratios, high-precision and long-term stability measurement of the resonant frequency can be realized, the advantages of each frequency sweep method are fully exerted, the characteristics of the resonant peak can be more completely described, and higher measurement efficiency and measurement precision are realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of single microwave resonance peak mixed sweep measurement in the resonance frequency mixed sweep method provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural arrangement of the frequency sweep apparatus provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10. a resonant frequency measurement system; 101. a network analyzer; 102. time and frequency standard instrument;
20. the acquisition processing system;
30. an environmental stabilization system; 310. a constant temperature module; 311. a standard thermometer; 312. a temperature measuring bridge; 313. a temperature acquisition controller; 314. a constant temperature oil tank; 315. a refrigerating machine; 320. a voltage stabilizing and suppressing module; 321. a flow meter; 322. a gas source; 323. a pressure detector; 324. a piston pressure gauge; 325. a pressure acquisition controller;
40. a resonant cavity; 401. a first antenna; 402. a second antenna;
50. an electronic device; 510. a processor; 520. a communication interface; 530. a memory; 540. a communication bus.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The conventional frequency sweeping method is commonly used as a frequency uniform frequency sweeping method and an angle uniform frequency sweeping method, and the microwave resonance characteristics cannot be completely described in a single frequency sweeping mode, so that the measurement speed is low, the efficiency is low, and long-term stable and high-precision microwave resonance frequency measurement is difficult to realize. The specific reasons are as follows:
the frequency uniform sweep method is to perform frequency scanning in a certain frequency area with a fixed frequency step length, the parts near the two ends of the sweep bandwidth, which are close to background noise, are relatively dense, the measured parameter points near the resonance peak are relatively sparse, the characteristics of the resonance peak are difficult to describe accurately, high-precision microwave resonance frequency measurement is not facilitated, and in order to achieve high-precision microwave resonance frequency measurement, the number of the measured parameter points near the resonance peak needs to be increased by adopting a smaller sweep step length, so that the sweep measurement time of a single resonance peak is increased, and the measurement efficiency is low.
The radial angle uniform sweep frequency method carries out frequency scanning with a fixed radial angle step length (namely a fixed arc length step length) relative to the center of an XY complex plane, and the reverse iterative calculation generates non-uniform distribution sweep frequency points. The measuring parameter points near the resonance peak are more dense, and when the frequency of the same frequency band is the same as that of the sweep frequency point, the frequency measuring precision is higher than that of the frequency uniform sweep frequency method; however, the parts near the two ends of the sweep frequency bandwidth, which are close to the background noise, are sparse, so that the background noise is difficult to be well described, and the frequency measurement stability is reduced. To achieve long-term highly stable microwave resonant frequency measurements, the sampling integration time needs to be increased, resulting in low measurement efficiency.
Based on the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method, which integrates the advantages of each frequency sweep method to obtain a hybrid frequency sweep pattern by distributing different duty ratios to different frequency sweep methods to form an optimal frequency sweep specific gravity so as to solve the defect of independent frequency sweep. The following examples are provided to illustrate the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The invention provides a resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method, which comprises the following steps:
step 101, receiving signals in a resonant cavity;
102, respectively carrying out frequency sweep operation on signals by calling different frequency sweep methods in a mode of obtaining the optimal specific gravity of the frequency sweep points, and respectively generating frequency sweep lists containing a plurality of frequency sweep points;
and 103, controlling the frequency sweep lists generated by different frequency sweep methods to be fused according to a preset rule to generate a mixed frequency sweep list.
Specifically, when different frequency sweep methods are called, configuration can be carried out in a preset optimal frequency sweep point proportion mode, so that the mixed frequency sweep consists of different frequency sweep methods in a certain duty ratio, and the advantages of the different frequency sweep methods can be fully exerted by utilizing proportion configuration, and further the fusion of the advantages of the different frequency sweep methods is realized.
In the above embodiments, the different frequency sweep methods refer to two or more frequency sweep methods. That is, the kind of the frequency sweeping method is not particularly limited in the present invention, and any of at least two other frequency sweeping methods may be used. For example, there may be a frequency-uniform frequency sweep method and a radial angle-uniform frequency sweep method as described above. Based on the thought of the mixed frequency sweep, the invention is not limited to two frequency sweep methods, and is also suitable for mixing three or more different frequency sweep methods, and a plurality of mixed frequency sweep new patterns M formed by permutation and combination. Meanwhile, when the frequency sweep list M is used, single, multiple or all frequencies M can be repeatedly measured according to the requirement i And obtaining a fused mixed sweep frequency list.
It can be appreciated that a more representative hybrid swept-frequency pattern can be obtained by a hybrid swept-frequency method, and that the signals in the resonant cavity can be microwave resonant frequency signals or resonant frequency signals of other frequency bands. For example, electromagnetic waves, mechanical waves, and the like in other frequency bands are possible.
Specifically, different frequency sweep methods are called to respectively carry out frequency sweep operation on signals in a mode of obtaining the optimal specific gravity of the frequency sweep point, and the method comprises the following steps:
obtaining the optimal specific gravity of the sweep frequency point;
performing specific gravity configuration on different frequency sweeping methods based on the optimal specific gravity of the frequency sweeping point;
and controlling different frequency sweep methods to sweep in a preset frequency band based on specific gravity allocation.
The above embodiments generate corresponding sweep points by sweep mixing within a predetermined frequency band. Of course, according to the foregoing sweep frequency thought, a person skilled in the art may generate sweep frequency points according to other different probability distribution rules (such as normal distribution, triangular distribution, etc.), and may form multiple mixed sweep frequency new patterns M by combining two or more combinations. Similarly, when the frequency sweep list M is used, the single, multiple or all frequencies M can be repeatedly measured as required i 。
In the above embodiment, in order to obtain the optimal specific gravity of the sweep point, the following means are implemented:
setting a plurality of groups of sweep frequency point specific weights with different specific weight values;
respectively calling corresponding frequency sweeping methods based on the specific gravities of the plurality of groups of frequency sweeping points to carry out frequency sweeping operation on the signals to obtain a mixed frequency sweeping paradigm of different specific gravities of the frequency sweeping points;
and comparing the mixed frequency sweep list norms of different frequency sweep points, and outputting the specific gravity value with the lowest uncertainty of single-point measurement and highest long-term stability in the frequency sweep points as the optimal frequency sweep point specific gravity.
The method comprises the steps of determining the optimal specific gravity of a uniform frequency sweep method in a mixed frequency sweep method by comprehensively considering the influence of different frequency sweep method proportions on measurement uncertainty and long-term stability when determining the specific gravity of an optimal frequency sweep point, and forming an optimal mixed frequency sweep mode to realize long-time and high-speedStable and high-precision microwave resonant frequency measurement. Specifically, complex scattering parameter S 21 Fitting will result inParameters of g, complex number An, complex number B, complex number C, complex number D, etc., and their corresponding standard uncertainty u +.>Ug, u (Re (An)), u (Im (An)), u (Re (B)), u (Im (B)), u (Re (C)), u (Im (C)), u (Re (D)), u (Im (D)), the smaller u (f 0) is better as the single measurement uncertainty u (Im (D)). When Nc times are repeatedly measured, the +.>Stability of (i.e.N +.>The smaller the standard deviation value is, the higher the stability is.
In some specific embodiments, the method for controlling different frequency sweep methods to sweep frequencies in a preset frequency band based on specific gravity configuration comprises the following steps:
setting the total number N of the unimodal sweep points, the specific gravity Z of the sweep points and the sweep half-width coefficient beta;
predicting the position of resonance peak in the frequency band covering the resonance frequency，/>]The first frequency sweep method is called internally to carry out rough scanning, a frequency sweep list P containing N frequency sweep points is generated, scattering parameters S21 are measured and fitted, and fitting parameters resonance frequency +.>Half width ofgDetermining the approximate position of a resonance peak through fitting parameters;
based on the approximate position of the resonance peak determined by the fitting, calling another second frequency sweeping method to carry out fine scanning, and generating a frequency spectrum comprising N sweepsThe sweep frequency list F of the frequency points is used for measuring and fitting the scattering parameter S21 and updating the resonance frequency of the fitting parameterHalf width ofg；
With updated fitting parameters resonant frequencyCentered at the band [ ]>-/>，/>+/>]And respectively generating a frequency sweep list P and a frequency sweep list F after specific gravity distribution according to the specific gravity Z of the frequency sweep point by the first frequency sweep method and the second frequency sweep method which are controlled internally.
When the above-mentioned hybrid sweep method is applied to the sweep of microwave resonance frequency, a certain frequency band of microwave resonance frequency is covered，/>]And the frequency sweep point generated by the frequency uniform frequency sweep method accounts for the proportion Z of the total frequency sweep point and varies from 1% to 99%.
Specific examples, in frequency band [-/>，/>+/>]The internal control first frequency sweeping method and the second frequency sweeping method respectively generate a frequency sweeping list P and a frequency sweeping list F after specific gravity distribution according to the specific gravity Z of the frequency sweep point, and the method comprises the following steps:
invoking the first sweep method in the frequency band [-/>，/>+/>]Generating a sweep frequency list P containing N x Z sweep frequency points;
invoking the second sweep method in the frequency band [-/>，/>+/>]A swept frequency list F is generated containing N-N x Z swept frequency points.
It should be noted that the limitations of the first frequency sweeping method and the second frequency sweeping method are mainly used for illustration. It may be a combination of various sweep methods performed separately.
Specifically, the method for generating the mixed frequency sweep list by fusing the frequency sweep lists generated by different frequency sweep methods according to a preset rule comprises the following steps:
and combining the sweep frequency lists generated by different sweep frequency methods in ascending order or/and descending order to generate a mixed sweep frequency point list.
In a specific example, in a certain frequency band covering the resonant frequency of the microwaves [，/>]In the method, when a single microwave resonance peak is measured, a radial angle uniform frequency sweep method and a frequency uniform frequency sweep method are respectively adopted to generate a plurality of discrete frequency sweep point lists F= [ the frequency of which is equal to the frequency of the microwave resonance peak](uniform argument), list p= [ -j ]>](uniform frequency), combining all sweep points [ F, P ]]And generating a mixed sweep point list M according to ascending order, descending order or a combination of the ascending order and the descending order. Meanwhile, when the frequency sweep list M is used, single, multiple or all frequencies M can be repeatedly measured according to the requirement i 。
In another example, in a certain frequency band covering the resonant frequency of the microwave [，/>]In the case of measuring a single microwave resonance peak, in the sub-band covering the microwave resonance frequency [ -j ]>，/>]Generating a plurality of discrete sweep point lists F= [ -jersey by adopting radial angle uniform sweep frequency method>](uniform irradiance); in the remaining two subbands [ ]>，/>]、[]In the method, a plurality of discrete sweep point lists P1= [ are generated by adopting a frequency uniform sweep method](frequency is uniform), list p2= [ -j->](uniform frequency), combining all sweep points [ F, P1, P2 ]]And generating a mixed sweep point list M according to ascending order, descending order or a combination of the ascending order and the descending order. Meanwhile, when the frequency sweep list M is used, single, multiple or all frequencies M can be repeatedly measured according to the requirement i 。
Further, the method for generating the mixed frequency sweep list by fusing the frequency sweep lists generated by different frequency sweep methods according to a preset rule comprises the following steps:
setting the total frequency Nc of frequency sweep measurement when the single resonance peak is swept, and repeating the steps of controlling the frequency sweep lists generated by different frequency sweep methods to be fused according to a preset rule to generate a mixed frequency sweep list until the frequency of measurement is greater than the total frequency Nc of frequency sweep measurement.
In the method for measuring the single resonance peak mixed sweep frequency in the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, K is the number of measurements. The single microwave resonance peak mixed frequency sweeping method comprises the following steps:
step 201, setting the total point number N of the unimodal sweep frequency, the specific gravity Z of the uniform frequency sweep frequency point and the half-width coefficient of the sweep frequencyThe total frequency Nc of microwave resonance frequency sweep measurement;
step 202, predicting the position of the microwave resonance peak in the frequency band covering the microwave resonance frequency [，/>]A frequency uniform sweep (coarse sweep) including resonance peaks is performed,generating a containmentNSweep list P of each sweep point, and measuring and fitting microwave scattering parametersS 21 Determining microwave resonance frequency +.>Fitting parameters such as half width g and the like;
step 203, fitting the approximate position of the determined microwave resonance peak based on the frequency uniformity sweep method, and performing radial angle uniformity sweep (fine sweep) to generate a frequency spectrum includingNFrequency sweep list F of each frequency sweep point, and measuring and fitting microwave scattering parametersS 21 Updating microwave resonant frequencyHalf width ofgFitting parameters;
step 204, fitting the determined resonant frequency by using a uniform sweep frequency method based on the radial angleCentered at the corresponding frequency band [ +.>-/>，/>+/>]In the method, the inclusion is generated by the radial angle uniform frequency sweep method of the frequency uniform frequency sweep method respectivelyN*ZSum of allN-N*ZFrequency sweep lists P and F of the frequency sweep points;
step 205, merging all the sweep points [ F, P ], and generating a mixed sweep point list M according to ascending order arrangement, descending order arrangement or combination of the ascending and descending order arrangement;
step 206, repeatedly measuring a single, multiple or all frequencies Mi as required in the sweep frequency list M;
step 207, measuring and fitting a microwave scattering parameter S21, and updating the microwave resonant frequencyFitting parameters such as half width g and the like, and storing sweep frequency +.>Original sweep frequency data such as a real part X and an imaginary part Y of a scattering parameter S21 and fitting results;
step 208, starting the next mixed sweep measurement of a single microwave resonance peak, and repeating the steps 204 to 207 until the Nc times of microwave resonance frequency is measured, and ending the measurement.
In the above embodiments, the hybrid frequency sweep method of the present invention is implemented by the acquisition processing system. In general, the multiple microwave resonance peak hybrid sweep measurement process is similar to the single microwave resonance peak hybrid sweep measurement process. In contrast, in a certain frequency band covering the resonant frequency of the microwave [，/>]In the internal, when two or more (3, 4, …) microwave resonance peaks are measured, each resonance peak can independently adopt the radial angle uniform sweep method to generate a plurality of discrete sweep point lists F i A mixed frequency sweep method can also be used for generating a frequency sweep point +.>And the background noise part between two adjacent resonance peaks adopts a frequency uniform sweep method to generate a sweep point list Pi. Thereafter, all sweep points F are combined i ，P i ]Or [ ]>，P i ]And generating a mixed sweep point list M according to ascending order, descending order or a combination of the ascending order and the descending order. Meanwhile, when the frequency sweep list M is used, single, multiple or all frequencies M can be repeatedly measured according to the requirement i . The above is the implementation process of the hybrid frequency sweep method of the invention by comparing the total point number N of different frequency sweeps and the uniform frequency sweep point ratioHeavy Z, sweep frequency half-width coefficient->The influence of the key parameters on the measurement uncertainty and the long-term stability is determined, and the parameters such as the optimal specific gravity occupied by the uniform frequency sweep method in the mixed frequency sweep method are determined, so that an optimal mixed frequency sweep mode is formed, and the long-time, high-stability and high-precision microwave resonance frequency measurement can be realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention further provides a frequency sweep apparatus applying the resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method according to any one of the above embodiments, including a resonant cavity 40, an environment stabilization system 30, a resonant frequency measurement system 10, and an acquisition processing system 20; the environment stabilization system 30 and the resonance frequency measurement system 10 are respectively connected with the resonant cavity 40, and the acquisition processing system 20 is connected with the resonance frequency measurement system 10; wherein the environment stabilization system 30 is used for maintaining the environment stability in the resonant cavity 40, and the resonant frequency measurement system 10 is used for measuring and transmitting a resonant signal; the acquisition processing system 20 is used to receive and process signals output by the resonant frequency measurement system 10.
The resonant cavity 40 generates a continuous electromagnetic field through the resonant frequency measurement system 10, resonates the introduced medium through the generated electromagnetic field so as to output a resonant signal, and then can transmit the signal to the acquisition and processing system 20, and the acquisition and processing system 20 processes the signal to obtain a sweep frequency result.
In the above embodiment, the resonant cavity 40 includes a quasi-spherical resonant cavity. Of course, the resonant cavity 40 may be other resonant cavity 40 structures with common shapes, such as spherical resonant cavities, cylindrical cavities, and the like. It should be appreciated that the above definitions of the resonant cavity 40 are merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the structure of the resonant cavity 40 of the present invention.
Further, the material of the resonant cavity 40 includes Cu-ETP copper, high-conductivity oxygen-free copper, stainless steel, etc. The low-temperature superconducting material may be a niobium-based low-temperature superconducting metal material such as niobium Nb, nbZr, niobium-titanium NbTi, nbN, niobium-tin Nb3Sn, or V3 Ga. And the material can also be sapphire, graphene, a mixture thereof and the like.
In a specific example, the environmental stabilization system 30 includes a constant temperature module 310 and a voltage stabilization suppression module 320; the constant temperature module 310 is connected with the resonant cavity 40 to be suitable for providing constant temperature for the resonant cavity 40; the surge suppression module 320 is connected to the resonant cavity 40 to provide a stable pressure environment for the resonant cavity 40.
More specifically, the constant temperature module 310 includes a standard thermometer 311, a temperature measuring bridge 312, a constant temperature oil sump 314, a refrigerator 315, and a temperature acquisition controller 313; the standard thermometer 311 is connected with the resonant cavity 40, the temperature measuring bridge 312 is connected with the standard thermometer 311, and the constant-temperature oil groove 314 is connected with the temperature measuring bridge 312; the temperature measuring bridge 312, the constant temperature oil groove 314 and the standard thermometer 311 together can measure the temperature of the resonant cavity 40; the refrigerator 315 is associated with the resonant cavity 40, so that a stable low-temperature environment can be provided for the resonant cavity 40 through the refrigerator 315, and the temperature acquisition controller 313 is used for acquiring feedback signals of all devices and outputting control signals through the feedback signals so as to control the devices such as the refrigerator 315 to keep the environment temperature in the resonant cavity 40 stable. The standard thermometer 311 is a standard resistance thermometer, such as a standard rhodium-iron resistance thermometer and a standard platinum-cobalt resistance thermometer, and the refrigerator 315 is a pulse tube refrigerator with low vibration.
The pressure stabilizing and suppressing module 320 is connected with the gas inlet end of the resonant cavity 40, the pressure stabilizing and suppressing module 320 comprises a gas source 322, a flowmeter 321, a pressure detector 323, a piston pressure gauge 324 and a pressure acquisition controller 325, the gas source 322 is communicated with the resonant cavity 40, the flowmeter 321 is arranged on a passage of the gas source 322 communicated with the resonant cavity 40, so that the supply amount of the gas source 322 is accurately controlled through the flowmeter 321, and a continuous and stable gas flow environment can be introduced into the resonant cavity 40; the pressure detector 323 is arranged on a path of the resonant cavity 40 connected with the voltage stabilization suppression module 320, the pressure in the resonant cavity 40 can be detected in real time through the pressure detector 323 and fed back through the piston pressure gauge 324, the piston pressure gauge 324 is respectively connected with the pressure detector 323 and the pressure acquisition controller 325, so that accurate acquisition and control of the pressure in the resonant cavity 40 can be carried out through cooperation of the piston pressure gauge 324 and the pressure acquisition controller 325, and a high-stability pressure environment is provided for the interior of the resonant cavity 40.
In the above embodiment, the adjustment of the pressure and the temperature is controlled by the pressure acquisition controller 325 and the temperature acquisition controller 313, respectively. Of course, the pressure and temperature controllers may also be integrated into a single integrated control system for integrated control. For example, the pressure acquisition controller 325 and the temperature acquisition controller 313 may be integrated into a control processing system for unified control management.
Further, the resonant frequency measurement system 10 includes a network analyzer 101, and a time and frequency standard 102, a first antenna 401, and a second antenna 402 connected to the network analyzer 101; the network analyzer 101 is connected to the resonant cavity 40 through a first antenna 401 and a second antenna 402; wherein the time and frequency standard 102 provides a time and frequency reference standard for the predetermined fluctuation frequency to the network analyzer 101.
As shown in fig. 3, the network analyzer 101 is connected to a first antenna 401 and a second antenna 402 through a microwave cable, the first antenna 401 and the second antenna 402 are used for transmitting or receiving microwave signals, the first antenna 401 and the second antenna 402 are respectively connected to the upper portion of the resonant cavity 40 and the lower portion of the resonant cavity 40, the time and frequency standard meter 102 provides a time and frequency reference standard of 10MHz for the network analyzer 101, and the microwave sweep measurement is performed under a stable temperature and pressure environment. The network analyzer 101 emits microwave signals as a microwave signal source, the microwave signals are received by the first antenna 401 and enter the resonant cavity 40, resonance phenomena occur in the microwave signals in the resonant cavity 40, the resonant microwave signals are transmitted back to the network analyzer 101 by the second antenna 402, scanning measurement is performed in a broadband by a data acquisition program of the network analyzer 101 on the acquisition processing system 20 according to a specific rule to determine network parameters, the network parameters can be used for representing measuring microwave resonance of a given triplet state, the parameters are described as three lorentz terms and a polynomial background term (formula 1), and parameters such as microwave resonance frequency and the like are determined by fitting by a Levenberg-Marquardt method.
(1)
Wherein X represents complex scattering parameter S 21 Y represents the complex scattering parameter S 21 Imaginary part of S 21 For complex scattering parameters, A n (n=1,2,3)、(j=1, 2,3 …) is a normal complex function, i is an imaginary unit, and->Indicate frequency,/->Represents any value of the sweep frequency, generally taking the fitted resonance frequency +.>Or center frequency within the swept bandwidth, +.>Representing the resonant frequency.
In the above embodiment, the methods of microwave generation and list scanning by the network analyzer 101 and the acquisition and processing system 20 mainly include a frequency uniform frequency sweep method, a radial angle uniform frequency sweep method, and a hybrid frequency sweep method combining the two methods. The frequency uniform sweep method sweeps between two frequencies at fixed frequency intervals; the radial angle uniform sweep method scans the frequency with a uniform circular radial angle to generate a frequency scanning point, and each peak value has a uniform circular phase angle relative to the center of an XY complex plane. The sweep points generated by the two sweep methods can not completely describe the microwave resonance characteristics, so that the problems of low measurement speed, low efficiency, difficulty in realizing long-term stable and high-precision microwave resonance frequency measurement and the like are solved. Therefore, the two sweep methods are fused, so that the scanning point is used for describing the microwave resonance characteristics, and the measurement accuracy of the microwave resonance frequency is improved, namely the hybrid sweep method in the invention.
Fig. 4 illustrates a physical schematic diagram of an electronic device 50, which may be the acquisition processing system in the above embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the electronic device may include: processor 510, communication interface (Communications Interface) 520, memory 530, and communication bus 540, wherein processor 510, communication interface 520, memory 530 complete communication with each other through communication bus 540. Processor 510 may invoke logic instructions in memory 530 to perform a resonant frequency hybrid sweep method comprising: receiving a signal in the resonant cavity; different frequency sweep methods are called to respectively carry out frequency sweep operation on signals in a mode of obtaining the optimal specific gravity of the frequency sweep points, and frequency sweep lists containing a plurality of frequency sweep points are respectively generated; and controlling the frequency sweep lists generated by different frequency sweep methods to be fused according to preset rules to generate a mixed frequency sweep list. Specific method description reference may be made to the hybrid frequency sweep method provided in any of the preceding embodiments.
Further, the logic instructions in the memory 530 described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, the present invention may also provide a computer program product configured in the aforementioned acquisition processing system, where the computer program product includes a computer program, and the computer program may be stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, is capable of executing the resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method provided by the methods above, where the method includes: receiving a signal in the resonant cavity; different frequency sweep methods are called to respectively carry out frequency sweep operation on signals in a mode of obtaining the optimal specific gravity of the frequency sweep points, and frequency sweep lists containing a plurality of frequency sweep points are respectively generated; and controlling the frequency sweep lists generated by different frequency sweep methods to be fused according to preset rules to generate a mixed frequency sweep list. Specific method description reference may be made to the hybrid frequency sweep method provided in any of the preceding embodiments.
In yet another aspect, the present invention may also provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method provided by the methods above, the method comprising: receiving a signal in the resonant cavity; different frequency sweep methods are called to respectively carry out frequency sweep operation on signals in a mode of obtaining the optimal specific gravity of the frequency sweep points, and frequency sweep lists containing a plurality of frequency sweep points are respectively generated; and controlling the frequency sweep lists generated by different frequency sweep methods to be fused according to preset rules to generate a mixed frequency sweep list. Specific method description reference may be made to the hybrid frequency sweep method provided in any of the preceding embodiments.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
receiving a signal in the resonant cavity;
setting a plurality of groups of sweep frequency point specific weights with different specific weight values;
respectively calling different frequency sweeping methods based on multiple groups of specific gravities of the frequency sweeping points to carry out frequency sweeping operation on the signals to obtain a mixed frequency sweeping list with different specific gravities of the frequency sweeping points;
comparing the mixed frequency sweep lists of different frequency sweep point proportion, and outputting the proportion value with the lowest uncertainty of single measurement and highest long-term stability in the frequency sweep point as the optimal frequency sweep point proportion;
performing specific gravity configuration on different frequency sweeping methods based on the optimal specific gravity of the frequency sweeping point;
setting the total number N of the unimodal sweep points, the specific gravity Z of the sweep points and the sweep half-width coefficient beta;
predicting the position of resonance peak in the frequency band covering the resonance frequency，/>]The first sweep method is called internally to carry out rough scanning, a sweep list P containing N sweep points is generated, and scattering parameters S are measured and fitted 21 Determining the fitting parameter resonance frequency +.>Half-width g, determining the approximate position of a resonance peak through fitting parameters;
based on the approximate position of the resonance peak determined by fitting, calling another second frequency scanning method to carry out fine scanning, generating a frequency scanning list F containing N frequency scanning points, measuring and fitting a scattering parameter S 21 Updating the fitting parameter resonant frequencyHalf width g;
with updated fitting parameters resonant frequencyCentered at the band [ ]>-/>，/>+/>]The internal control first frequency sweeping method and the second frequency sweeping method respectively generate a frequency sweeping list P and a frequency sweeping list F with specific gravity distribution according to the specific gravity Z of the frequency sweep point;
the method for controlling the frequency sweep list generated by different frequency sweep methods to be fused according to a preset rule to generate a mixed frequency sweep list comprises the following steps: and combining the frequency sweep list P and the frequency sweep list F generated by different frequency sweep methods in ascending order or/and descending order to generate a mixed frequency sweep point list, setting the total frequency Nc of frequency sweep measurement when the single resonance peak is swept, and repeating the control of the frequency sweep lists generated by different frequency sweep methods to fuse according to a preset rule to generate a mixed frequency sweep list until the measurement frequency is greater than the total frequency Nc of frequency sweep measurement.
2. A frequency sweep apparatus employing the resonant frequency hybrid frequency sweep method of claim 1, comprising: the system comprises a resonant cavity, an environment stabilizing system, a resonant frequency measuring system and an acquisition processing system;
the environment stabilizing system and the resonant frequency measuring system are respectively connected with the resonant cavity, and the acquisition processing system is connected with the resonant frequency measuring system;
the environment stabilization system is used for maintaining the environment stability in the resonant cavity, and the resonant frequency measurement system is used for measuring and transmitting resonant signals; the acquisition processing system is used for receiving and processing signals output by the resonant frequency measurement system.
3. A frequency sweep apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein the environmental stabilization system includes a constant temperature module and a voltage stabilization suppression module;
the constant temperature module is connected with the resonant cavity and is suitable for providing constant temperature for the resonant cavity;
the voltage stabilizing and suppressing module is connected with the resonant cavity and is suitable for providing a stable pressure environment for the resonant cavity.
4. A frequency sweep apparatus as defined in claim 2 wherein the resonant frequency measurement system includes a network analyzer and a time and frequency etalon, a first antenna and a second antenna connected to the network analyzer;
the network analyzer is connected with the resonant cavity through the first antenna and the second antenna;
wherein the time and frequency standard provides a time and frequency reference standard for the network analyzer for a predetermined fluctuation frequency.
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