CN117213783A - Low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale test platform - Google Patents
Low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale test platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN117213783A CN117213783A CN202311340155.5A CN202311340155A CN117213783A CN 117213783 A CN117213783 A CN 117213783A CN 202311340155 A CN202311340155 A CN 202311340155A CN 117213783 A CN117213783 A CN 117213783A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration control of large-scale engineering structures, and discloses a low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale test platform. According to the invention, thousands of tons or even tens of thousands of tons equivalent mass is provided for the system through the inertial container, so that the possibility is provided for researching the performance of the full-scale damper; the invention reduces the system vibration frequency to below 0.1Hz, thereby providing possibility for simulating the vibration performance of a large flexible structure; the inertial container adopts a novel flexible supporting mode, so that the damping ratio of a test system is ensured to be reduced to below 0.01; the method provides a means for additionally compensating energy for the system, reduces and even basically eliminates the overall apparent damping of the system as much as possible, and improves the test precision; the large test platform is provided for efficiently and accurately simulating and testing the vibration control effect of various large-scale dampers on large-scale engineering structures, optimizing the design parameters of the dampers and finally improving the vibration control efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration control of large-scale engineering structures, and relates to a low-frequency low-damping vibration large-scale test platform.
Background
Large-scale engineering structures such as large-span bridges, high-rise buildings, wind turbines and the like have large modal mass, low frequency and low damping, and the structures can be subjected to large-scale resonance under the action of wind load or other dynamic loads, so that the normal use of the structures is influenced, and even the safety problem is caused. Tuned mass dampers are an effective means of controlling the resonance of structures and have found widespread use.
The low-frequency tuned mass damper is capable of introducing a inertial container when the spring is stretched or compressed too much, and low-frequency vibration of the spring under the condition of short deformation is realized by tuning the inertial container damper. However, the vibration control effect of the tuned inertial Rong Zuni device on the structure is difficult to accurately evaluate through a reduced scale model, and the main reasons are as follows: (1) The performance of the tuned inertial damping device is closely related to the structure of the tuned inertial damping device, the transmission device of the reduced scale model and the boundary conditions cannot be consistent with the prototype sufficiently, and the similarity is difficult to satisfy; (2) The reduced scale model has higher frequency, the length of the spring is far smaller than that of the prototype, and the simulation difficulty is far lower than that of the prototype, so that the reduced scale model has good control effect and is not necessarily suitable for the prototype. Therefore, in order to ensure good accuracy, it is preferable to conduct experimental investigation using a full-scale model.
In general, the greater the tuned inertial damper mass, the better the vibration control effect, but the higher the cost. In view of economy and applicability, the ratio of the mass of the damper mass to the modal mass of the controlled structure is typically in the range of 0.5% -1%. The modal mass of a practical large engineering structure may vary from several hundred tons to several tens of thousands of tons, and thus the total mass of the damper required may vary from several tons to several hundred tons. The actual engineering can adopt a plurality of sets of damper with a plurality of types, and the mass of a single set of tuned mass damper is different from hundreds of kilograms to several tons. Considering that the vibration control effect of the tuned mass damper is only related to the mass, frequency, damping ratio and other parameters of the tuned mass damper and the controlled system, the coupling effect between the plurality of dampers is basically not existed, so that the required number of damper sleeves can be designed according to the vibration control effect of a single damper to the designated modal mass. For this reason, if a single tuned mass damper operating mode is considered in which the mass ratio of the damper to the controlled structure is 0.5% (small enough) and the physical mass of the mass body is 5 tons (large enough), the equivalent mass of the vibration control test system reaches the performance test requirement that can be satisfied by 1000 tons. In addition, no vibration control test platform with free vibration frequency as low as 0.1Hz, damping ratio lower than 0.01 and mass reaching kiloton level is currently seen. The vibration control effect of the damper can be studied based on the vibration control test platform, so that the damping of the test platform is required to be as low as possible, and good test precision is ensured.
Aiming at the problems, a novel large-tonnage low-frequency low-damping vibration control testing platform needs to be developed to solve the problem that the vibration control effect of a large-scale full-scale low-frequency vibration control device cannot be tested.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration control of large-scale engineering structures, and provides a test platform with large mass (> 1000 tons), low frequency (< 0.1 Hz) and low damping ratio (< 0.01) for researching the vibration control performance of a large-scale full-scale tuned inertial damping device, aiming at the problem that the conventional vibration control test platform cannot simulate the large tonnage, low frequency and low damping of an actual large-scale engineering structure.
The invention adopts a large rigid frame and a stretching spring to suspend the working platform, thereby providing a large-scale controllable rigidity for the system; thousands of tons or even tens of thousands of tons equivalent mass is provided for the system by introducing the inertial container, so that the number of springs is saved, and the tensile length and test space of the springs are reduced; the inertial container of the invention adopts a suspension pendulum type bearing supporting mode instead of a conventional fixed bearing supporting mode, thereby ensuring that the damping ratio of a test system is reduced to below 0.01; the method provides a means for additionally inputting energy into the system and compensates the energy consumption in the vibration process of the system, so that the damping of multiple aspects of the system can be reduced or even basically eliminated, and the system is close to simple harmonic free vibration; an actuator or a manual excitation mode is adopted to enable the vibration system to generate a designated initial displacement or initial speed; finally, the vibration control effect of various large-scale full-scale dampers on a large-scale engineering structure is simulated and tested efficiently and accurately, so that design parameters are optimized, and control efficiency is improved.
The invention can adjust parameters such as system quality, rigidity, frequency, damping ratio and the like according to the requirements of various full-scale measured vibration control devices, and the vibration control devices can be placed on a working platform or hung below the working platform, and are not limited in form and quantity.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale test platform comprises a working platform 1, a vertical linear tension spring 2, a platform bracket 3, a tested damper 4, an inertial container rotating shaft 5, an inertial container flywheel 6, an inertial container bearing 7, a first high-strength flexible connecting piece 8, an inertial container bracket 9, a second high-strength flexible connecting piece 10, an inertial container transmission frame 11 and an actuator 12; the working platform 1 is suspended and supported on a platform bracket 3 fixed on the ground by a vertical linear extension spring 2, and a damper 4 to be tested is placed or installed on the working platform 1 to form a vertical free vibration control system; the inertial container rotating shaft 5 and the inertial container flywheel 6 are fixedly connected into an inertial container; the inertial container rotating shaft 5 is inserted into the inertial container bearing 7 and can freely rotate; the upper and lower edges of the inertial container bearing 7 are respectively tensioned upwards and downwards by a first high-strength flexible connecting piece 8, two ends of the first high-strength flexible connecting piece 8 are connected to an inertial container bracket 9 fixed on the ground, and the inertial container bracket 9 supports the dead weights of the inertial container rotating shaft 5 and the inertial container flywheel 6; one end of the second high-strength flexible connecting piece 10 is connected with the inertial container rotating shaft 5 in a surrounding manner, the other end of the second high-strength flexible connecting piece 10 is connected with the inertial container transmission frame 11 fixed on the working platform 1, and the second high-strength flexible connecting piece 10 is connected with the inertial container rotating shaft 5 in a surrounding manner by a designated angle; an actuator 12 fixed on the ground is vertically contacted with the working platform 1 and is used for exciting the working platform 1 to drive the inertial container transmission frame 11 and the second high-strength flexible connecting piece 10 to vibrate up and down, and the inertial container rotating shaft 5 and the inertial container flywheel 6 rotate reciprocally along with the inertial container transmission frame and the second high-strength flexible connecting piece, so that large-tonnage equivalent mass is provided for the system, and the vibration frequency is greatly reduced.
Further, the working platform 1 adopts plates, beams and pipes made of steel or aluminum.
Further, the platform support 3 is welded by steel pipes.
Further, the inertial container rotating shaft 5 adopts a steel pipe or an aluminum pipe.
Further, the diameter of the flywheel 6 is far larger than that of the rotating shaft 5.
Further, the cuvette bearing 7 supporting the cuvette spindle 5 is not completely fixedly supported, allowing a small free displacement according to uneven stress.
Further, the inertial container support 9 is not provided, and the first high-strength flexible connecting piece 8 is directly connected with the platform support 3.
Further, the actuators 12 produce any given form of excitation, or are disengaged from the work platform 1 at any time as required, and no interfering excitation is produced.
Further, the components of the low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale test platform are symmetrically arranged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, thousands of tons or even tens of thousands of tons equivalent mass is provided for the system through the inertial container, so that the possibility is provided for researching the performance of the full-scale damper; the invention reduces the system vibration frequency to below 0.1Hz, thereby providing possibility for simulating the vibration performance of a large flexible structure; the inertial container adopts a novel flexible supporting mode, so that the damping ratio of a test system is ensured to be reduced to below 0.01; the method provides a means for additionally compensating energy for the system, reduces and even basically eliminates the overall apparent damping of the system as much as possible, and improves the test precision; the large test platform is provided for efficiently and accurately simulating and testing the vibration control effect of various large-scale dampers on large-scale engineering structures, optimizing the design parameters of the dampers and finally improving the vibration control efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a construction diagram of a low frequency low damping vibration large scale test platform;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the drive frame and flexible drive connection;
in the figure: 1, a working platform; 2, a vertical linear tension spring; 3, a platform bracket; 4, a damper to be tested; a rotating shaft of the inertial container; 6, flywheel of inertial container; 7, a inertial container bearing; 8 a first high strength flexible connection unit; 9 an inertial container bracket; a second high-strength flexible connector; a inertial container transmission frame; an actuator 12.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the technical scheme and the accompanying drawings.
A low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale testing platform comprises a working platform 1, a vertical linear tension spring 2, a platform support 3, a tested damper 4, an inertial container rotating shaft 5, an inertial container flywheel 6, an inertial container bearing 7, a first high-strength flexible connecting piece 8, an inertial container support 9, a second high-strength flexible connecting piece 10, an inertial container transmission frame 11 and an actuator 12. The working platform 1 is suspended and supported on a platform bracket 3 fixed on the ground by a vertical linear extension spring 2, and a damper 4 to be tested is placed or installed on or below the working platform 1, so that a basic vertical free vibration control system is formed; the inertial container rotating shaft 5 and the inertial container flywheel 6 are fixedly connected to form a basic inertial container; the inertial container rotating shaft 5 is inserted into the inertial container bearing 7 and can freely rotate, the upper and lower edges of the inertial container bearing 7 are respectively connected to the inertial container bracket 9 fixed on the ground in an upward and downward tensioning way by the first high-strength flexible connecting piece 8, and the inertial container bracket 9 supports the dead weights of the inertial container rotating shaft 5 and the inertial container flywheel 6; one end of a second high-strength flexible connecting piece 10 is connected with the inertial container rotating shaft 5, the other end of the second high-strength flexible connecting piece is connected with an inertial container transmission frame 11 fixed on the working platform 1, and the second high-strength flexible connecting piece 10 surrounds the inertial container rotating shaft 5 for a designated angle; an actuator 12 fixed on the ground is vertically connected with the working platform 1 and is used for exciting the working platform 1 to drive the inertial container transmission frame 11 and the second high-strength flexible connecting piece 10 to vibrate up and down, and the inertial container rotating shaft 5 and the inertial container flywheel 6 rotate reciprocally along with the same, so that large-tonnage equivalent mass is provided for the system, and the vibration frequency is greatly reduced; the actuator 12 can generate excitation of any designated form, and can be disconnected from the working platform 1 at any time according to the requirement, so that no interference excitation is generated.
The larger the test platform mass, the lower the frequency, the lower the damping, the larger the amplitude, and the greater the design and processing difficulty. According to the invention, equivalent mass larger than kiloton level is provided for the system through the inertial container, the vibration frequency can be adjusted to be lower than 0.1Hz, the damping ratio of the test system can be ensured to be lower than 0.01 by the flexible supporting transmission device of the inertial container, the unilateral amplitude of the system can reach more than 30cm, and the requirements of large-scale structure large-mass, low-frequency, low-damping and large-scale vibration control research are completely met.
The size, weight, form and materials of the working platform 1 are not limited, and the working platform needs to have enough strength, rigidity and stability, and needs enough working area to be convenient for installing the tested damper 4, the inertial container transmission frame 11 and the actuator 12. Steel plates (beams, pipes) and aluminum plates (beams, pipes) are suggested in view of safety, economy, aesthetics, durability, and applicability.
The vertical linear tension spring 2 is not limited in material, model and number and can be designed according to requirements; in general, the larger the mass of the working platform 1, the damper 4 to be tested and the inertial container transmission frame 11 is, the higher the strength and the larger the number of the required vertical linear tension springs 2 are; the larger the amplitude required, the longer the free length of the vertical linear tension spring 2.
The material and the form of the platform bracket 3 are not limited, enough strength, rigidity and stability are required to be ensured, the design can be carried out according to the requirement, and steel pipe welding is recommended.
The type, specification and variety of the tested damper 4 are not limited, and the tested damper can be tuned with an inertial Rong Zuni device, a viscous damper, a liquid-adjusting damper and the like, and needs to be considered for matching with parameters of a test platform.
The diameter and material of the inertial container rotating shaft 5 are not limited, and the inertial container rotating shaft should have enough strength, rigidity and stability and be smooth enough to ensure the stable low-damping rotation of the inertial container, and steel pipes or aluminum pipes are recommended.
The diameter of the flywheel 6 of the inertial container is far greater than that of the rotating shaft 5 of the inertial container, and through the inertial container amplifying effect, the flywheel mass of several tons can be converted into equivalent mass of thousands of tons or even tens of thousands of tons, the amplifying rate is basically the square of the ratio of the diameter of the flywheel to the diameter of the rotating shaft, and the materials, the specifications and the quantity are not limited.
The inertial container bearing 7 is usually a low-damping high-strength bearing, and is maintained in time in the use process to ensure sufficient lubrication.
The material, specification and size of the first high-strength flexible connecting piece 8 are not limited, and enough tensile strength and rigidity are ensured, and as the first high-strength flexible connecting piece 8 is used for pulling the inertial container bearing 7 up and down, the inertial container rotating shaft 5 is inevitably impacted in the vibration process, the inertial container bearing 7 for supporting the inertial container rotating shaft 5 is not completely fixed, but is allowed to slightly displace in the direction of 6 degrees of freedom, thereby avoiding obvious friction and even severe collision caused by the traditional rigid support of the inertial container, and realizing stable low damping.
The inertial container bracket 9 is mainly used for supporting the weight of the inertial container and the inertial force generated by the upward or downward inertial container applied by the inertial container rotating shaft 5 by the second high-strength flexible connecting piece 10 in the inertial container rotating process, and the material and the form of the inertial container bracket are not limited, and the inertial container bracket needs to provide enough strength, rigidity and stability; the inertial container support 9 is normally placed on the ground, sometimes also directly eliminated, and the first high-strength flexible connection 8 is directly connected to the platform support 3.
The second high-strength flexible connecting piece 10 has enough strength and rigidity, is not limited in size and materials, one end of the second high-strength flexible connecting piece is wound and anchored on the inertial container rotating shaft 6, and the other end of the second high-strength flexible connecting piece is connected with the inertial container transmission frame 11, so that the up-and-down translation smooth transmission of the rotating inertial container transmission frame 11 of the inertial container rotating shaft 6 is ensured.
The inertial container transmission frame 11 is not limited in material and form, and has sufficient strength, rigidity and stability.
The type, brand and number of the actuators 12 are not limited, and various force or displacement signals can be input according to the command, and the actuators can be separated from the working platform 1 at any time according to the requirement.
The tested damper 4 is fixedly arranged on the working platform 1, and can be regarded as a part of mass body of the working platform 1 if the tested damper does not work, the actuator 12 excites the working platform 1 to drive the vertical linear tension spring 2, the tested damper 4, the inertial container rotating shaft 5, the inertial container flywheel 6 and the inertial container bracket 9 to vibrate to a specified vibration amplitude to be separated, and then the system is damped and freely vibrated. The main function of the large test platform is to test the vibration control effect of the tested damper 4 on the platform, so the damping ratio of the test platform is as low as possible, the optimal condition is that the damping ratio is 0, and if other measures are not taken, the condition cannot be achieved. Because the damping ratio of the large-scale test platform which is debugged by the invention is between 0.005 and 0.008 (the larger the amplitude is, the smaller the damping is, the smaller the energy consumption of the system is. The invention provides the following measures to compensate energy for the system, so that the energy is as close to undamped simple harmonic vibration as possible: and a counterweight with proper mass is added at a proper position of the flywheel in each period, the counterweight moves downwards along with the flywheel, most gravitational potential energy is input into the system, and the counterweight is separated from the flywheel after reaching a proper position (generally the lowest position). The design of parameters such as position, time, balance weight and the like can be carried out based on theoretical analysis, and then debugging and correction are carried out on an actual test platform.
If the mass of the working platform 1, the measured damper 4 and the inertial container transmission frame 11 is small enough, the strength and the rigidity of the vertical linear tension spring 2 are small enough; if the inertial container equivalent mass is large enough, then a test platform vibration frequency low enough, such as a frequency of 0.01Hz or even lower, may be achieved.
And all components of the whole test platform are symmetrically arranged, so that a symmetrical system is ensured, and the test precision is ensured.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any equivalent alterations, modifications and variations to the examples described above will be apparent to those skilled in the art using this disclosure, and are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. The low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale test platform is characterized by comprising a working platform (1), a vertical linear tension spring (2), a platform bracket (3), a tested damper (4), an inertial container rotating shaft (5), an inertial container flywheel (6), an inertial container bearing (7), a first high-strength flexible connecting piece (8), an inertial container bracket (9), a second high-strength flexible connecting piece (10), an inertial container transmission frame (11) and an actuator (12); the working platform (1) is suspended and supported on a platform bracket (3) fixed on the ground by a vertical linear extension spring (2), and a tested damper (4) is placed or installed on the working platform (1) to form a vertical free vibration control system; the inertial container rotating shaft (5) and the inertial container flywheel (6) are fixedly connected into an inertial container; the inertial container rotating shaft (5) is inserted into the inertial container bearing (7) and can freely rotate; the upper and lower edges of the inertial container bearing (7) are respectively tensioned upwards and downwards by a first high-strength flexible connecting piece (8), two ends of the first high-strength flexible connecting piece (8) are connected to an inertial container bracket (9) fixed on the ground, and the inertial container bracket (9) supports the dead weights of the inertial container rotating shaft (5) and the inertial container flywheel (6); one end of the second high-strength flexible connecting piece (10) is connected with the inertial container rotating shaft (5) in a surrounding manner, the other end of the second high-strength flexible connecting piece is connected with the inertial container transmission frame (11) fixed on the working platform (1), and the second high-strength flexible connecting piece (10) is connected with the inertial container rotating shaft (5) in a surrounding manner by a designated angle; an actuator (12) fixed on the ground is vertically contacted with the working platform (1) and is used for exciting the working platform (1) to drive the inertial container transmission frame (11) and the second high-strength flexible connecting piece (10) to vibrate up and down, and the inertial container rotating shaft (5) and the inertial container flywheel (6) rotate reciprocally along with the inertial container transmission frame, so that large-tonnage equivalent mass is provided for the system, and the vibration frequency is greatly reduced.
2. The low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale test platform according to claim 1, wherein the working platform (1) adopts a steel or aluminum plate, beam or pipe.
3. The low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale test platform according to claim 1, wherein the platform support (3) is welded by steel pipes.
4. The low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale test platform according to claim 1, wherein the inertial container rotating shaft (5) adopts a steel pipe or an aluminum pipe.
5. The low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale test platform according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the inertial container flywheel (6) is far larger than the diameter of the inertial container rotating shaft (5).
6. The low frequency low resistance vibration large scale test platform according to claim 1, wherein the cuvette bearing (7) supporting the cuvette spindle (5) is not fully fixedly supported, allowing for micro free displacement according to uneven stress.
7. The low frequency low resistance vibration large scale test platform according to claim 1, wherein no inertial container support (9) is provided, the first high strength flexible connection (8) being directly connected to the platform support (3).
8. The low frequency low resistance vibration large scale test platform according to claim 1, wherein the actuator (12) generates any specific form excitation or is disconnected from the working platform (1) at any time according to the need, and no interference excitation is generated.
9. The low frequency low resistance vibration bench according to claim 1, wherein the components of the low frequency low resistance vibration bench are symmetrically arranged.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311340155.5A CN117213783A (en) | 2023-10-17 | 2023-10-17 | Low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale test platform |
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| CN202311340155.5A CN117213783A (en) | 2023-10-17 | 2023-10-17 | Low-frequency low-resistance vibration large-scale test platform |
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