CN117212436A - Gearbox oil circuit structure, filter-free gearbox oil circuit structure and electric rear axle - Google Patents
Gearbox oil circuit structure, filter-free gearbox oil circuit structure and electric rear axle Download PDFInfo
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- CN117212436A CN117212436A CN202311484373.6A CN202311484373A CN117212436A CN 117212436 A CN117212436 A CN 117212436A CN 202311484373 A CN202311484373 A CN 202311484373A CN 117212436 A CN117212436 A CN 117212436A
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 210
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application provides a gearbox oil way structure, a filter-free gearbox oil way structure and an electric rear axle, belonging to the technical field of automobile gearboxes, comprising: the hollow shaft is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, a variable-depth groove extending along the rotation axis of the hollow shaft is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, the variable-depth groove gradually becomes shallow along the direction from the oil inlet to the oil outlet, and the rotation direction of the variable-depth groove along the direction from the oil inlet to the oil outlet is opposite to the rotation direction of the hollow shaft when a vehicle runs forwards; the transmission gear is arranged on the hollow shaft and is close to the oil outlet, and an oil conveying channel is formed between the side face of the transmission gear and the gearbox shell. Through setting up depth-variable groove and drive gear traction lubricating oil, on the one hand depth-variable groove has the oil transportation effect of certain degree, and on the other hand oil transportation effect is unlikely to too strong, prevents to roll up impurity in the fluid, like iron fillings etc..
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automobile gearboxes, in particular to a gearbox oil circuit structure, a filter-free gearbox oil circuit structure and an electric rear axle.
Background
In recent years, with the development of electric vehicles, an electric drive axle has become a common variable speed drive component for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, the electric drive axle including an electric motor, a drive axle, and a transmission provided between the electric motor and the drive axle, lubricating oil of the transmission portion being in communication with lubricating oil of the drive axle to form a corresponding lubrication system for lubricating gears and bearings.
However, for the special electric vehicle field with lower running speed, the electric drive axle is not provided with a filtering system and a cooling system independently due to lower rotating speed and lower abrasion, so that the two parts are omitted, and the influence on the running of the gearbox is larger after the filtering system is removed, and the NVH of the electric drive axle is increased. When more scrap iron exists in lubricating oil liquid, the operation of the high-speed bearing is seriously influenced, on one hand, noise is generated, and on the other hand, the service life of moving parts in the electric drive axle is influenced, and the contact surface of the bearing and the gear is easy to form fatigue.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a gearbox oil way structure, a filter-free gearbox oil way structure and an electric rear axle. Through setting up deep groove and drive gear traction lubricating oil, on the one hand deep groove has the defeated oil effect of certain degree, on the other hand defeated oil effect is unlikely to too strong just drive gear pulls lubricating oil, and both synergism prevents to roll up impurity in the fluid, like iron fillings etc..
The application adopts the following technical scheme.
Gearbox oil circuit structure includes: the hollow shaft is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, a variable-depth groove extending along the rotation axis of the hollow shaft is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, the variable-depth groove gradually becomes shallow along the direction from the oil inlet to the oil outlet, and the rotation direction of the variable-depth groove along the direction from the oil inlet to the oil outlet is opposite to the rotation direction of the hollow shaft when a vehicle runs forwards; the transmission gear is arranged on the hollow shaft and is close to the oil outlet, and an oil conveying channel is formed between the side face of the transmission gear and the gearbox shell.
Further, the hollow shaft and the shell are formed with a minimum oil transportation section, and the minimum oil transportation section meets the following conditions: when the hollow shaft is static, the liquid level of the lubricating oil is higher than the highest point of the minimum oil delivery section; when the hollow shaft rotates, the liquid level of the lubricating oil is lower than the highest point of the minimum oil delivery section.
Further, the cross section of the depth-variable groove is arc-shaped or rectangular.
Another aspect of the present application provides a filter-less transmission oil circuit structure comprising: the input shaft is connected with a power source, and a driving gear is arranged on the input shaft; the intermediate shaft is provided with a driven gear meshed with the driving gear and an output gear arranged on one side of the intermediate shaft; in the gearbox oil way structure, a transmission gear on the hollow shaft is meshed with the output gear; the input shaft is arranged on the side part of the hollow shaft, the axis of the input shaft is higher than the axis of the hollow shaft, and the axis of the intermediate shaft is higher than the axis of the input shaft and is horizontally projected between the input shaft and the hollow shaft; a second oil way is arranged between the hollow shaft mounting seat and the intermediate shaft mounting seat, which are close to one side of the output gear.
Furthermore, the input shaft is arranged on the box body through a sealed bearing, and lubricating grease is filled in the sealed bearing.
Furthermore, a first oil storage chamber is arranged at the bottom of the hollow shaft mounting seat at one side of the hollow shaft oil outlet, and the lowest point of the first oil storage chamber is higher than the lowest point of the outer diameter of the outer ring of the hollow shaft mounting bearing and lower than the lowest point of the inner diameter of the outer ring of the hollow shaft mounting bearing.
Further, a second oil storage chamber is arranged at the bottom of the intermediate shaft mounting seat, one end of the second oil circuit is connected with the other side of the hollow shaft mounting bearing, and the other end of the second oil circuit is communicated with the second oil storage chamber.
Further, the position of the other end of the second oil path connected with the second oil storage chamber is higher than the lowest point of the second oil storage chamber, and the lowest point of the second oil storage chamber is higher than the lowest point of the outer diameter of the outer ring of the intermediate shaft mounting bearing and lower than the lowest point of the inner diameter of the outer ring of the intermediate shaft mounting bearing.
Further, a third oil way is further arranged on the upper portion of the second oil storage chamber, the third oil way is formed by an outer ring of an intermediate shaft mounting bearing and a groove of a gearbox shell, and an outlet of the third oil way is connected with an arc-shaped tangent plane facing the transmission gear.
In another aspect, the application provides an electric rear axle comprising the above-described gearbox oil circuit structure or the above-described filter-less gearbox oil circuit structure.
Compared with the prior art, the gearbox oil way structure, the filter-free gearbox oil way structure and the electric rear axle provided by the application have the following beneficial technical effects: the application can realize lubrication of the bearing and the gear through the oil way structure of the gearbox, and particularly comprises two functions: firstly, when the hollow shaft rotates, the variable-depth groove can suck lubricating oil from the oil inlet; secondly, an oil conveying channel is formed between the side surface of the transmission gear and the gearbox shell, when the transmission gear rotates, traction action is generated on lubricating oil in the oil conveying channel, and forced lubrication on the hollow shaft mounting bearing and the gear tooth surface can be realized through the synergistic action of the depth-variable groove and the transmission gear; secondly, compared with the prior art, the variable-depth groove and the transmission gear traction lubricating oil are arranged, on one hand, the variable-depth groove has a certain oil conveying effect, on the other hand, the oil conveying effect is not too strong, the transmission gear is used for traction of the lubricating oil, and the variable-depth groove and the transmission gear are synergistic to prevent rolling up impurities in the oil, such as scrap iron and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an electric drive axle according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the transmission principle of the electric drive axle according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a transmission according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of FIG. 4 at B;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of FIG. 4 at C;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of an installation structure of an electric drive axle according to embodiment 2 of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a D-D sectional view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a transmission housing according to embodiment 2 of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another perspective of a transmission according to embodiment 2 of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a sectional E-E view of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a front view of the transmission housing;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a third perspective of a transmission according to embodiment 2 of the present application;
fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of F-F of fig. 13.
Reference numerals: 01. a gearbox; 010. a gearbox housing; 011. an annular protruding portion; 02. a drive axle; 03. a gear shifting mechanism; 04. a motor mounting portion; 05. a first conveying path; 06. a second conveying path; 10. an input shaft; 100. a first gear drive gear; 101. a second gear drive gear; 11. an intermediate shaft; 110. a first gear driven gear; 111. a second gear driven gear; 112. a synchronizer; 113. an output gear; 12. a hollow shaft; 120. a transmission gear; 121. a drive pinion; 122. an oil inlet; 123. an oil outlet; 124. a depth-variable groove; 130. an oil delivery passage; 131. a second oil path; 1310. a connection point; 132. a first oil storage chamber; 1320. a first oil reservoir lowest point; 133. a second oil storage chamber; 1330. a second oil reservoir lowest point; 134. a third oil passage; 135. arc-shaped section; 14. the hollow shaft is provided with a bearing; 140. the hollow shaft is provided with the lowest inner diameter point of the outer ring of the bearing; 141. the outer diameter lowest point of the outer ring of the bearing is arranged on the hollow shaft; 15. the intermediate shaft is provided with a bearing; 16. a rotation speed and rotation angle sensor; 160. sealing the cavity.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the electric drive axle comprises a gearbox 01 and a drive axle 02, the gearbox 01 and the drive axle 02 are integrated into a whole, the integration level of the device is improved, and a motor mounting structure is not shown at a motor mounting position 04. It can be understood that the gearbox 01 can be a single-gear gearbox or a multi-gear gearbox, as in fig. 1, a gear shifting mechanism 03 is further arranged, and the gear shifting mechanism 03 can be used for realizing the switching of a plurality of gears, so that the working efficiency of the motor is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the transmission structure of the electric drive axle comprises an input shaft 10, one end of the input shaft 10 is connected with a motor, a first gear driving gear 100 and a second gear driving gear 101 are arranged on the input shaft 10, and the first gear driving gear 100 and the second gear driving gear 101 are connected with the input shaft in a non-rotatable manner, so that the first gear driving gear 100 and the second gear driving gear 101 synchronously rotate with the input shaft 10 at the same rotation speed; the gear transmission device further comprises an intermediate shaft 11, a first-gear driven gear 110 and a second-gear driven gear 111 are rotatably arranged on the intermediate shaft 11, the first-gear driven gear 110 is in meshed transmission with the first-gear driving gear 100, the second-gear driven gear 111 is in meshed transmission with the second-gear driving gear 101, a synchronizer 112 is further arranged between the first-gear driven gear 110 and the second-gear driven gear 111, the synchronizer 112 is selectively meshed with the first-gear driven gear 110 or the second-gear driven gear 111 through a gear shifting mechanism 03, power is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 11 through the first-gear driven gear 110 or the second-gear driven gear 111, an output gear 113 is arranged on one side of the intermediate shaft 11 in a non-rotatable mode, the output gear 113 is in driving connection with a hollow shaft 12, a transmission gear 120 and a transmission pinion 121 are arranged on the hollow shaft 12 in a non-rotatable mode, and the transmission pinion 120 is in transmission connection with the output gear 113, and the transmission pinion 121 is in transmission connection with the differential. In order to facilitate control of the gearbox 01, rotational speed rotation angle sensors are arranged on the input shaft 10 and the intermediate shaft 11.
The embodiment of the application provides a gearbox oil way structure, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, comprising: the hollow shaft 12 is provided with an oil inlet 122 and an oil outlet 123, a deepening groove 124 extending along the rotation axis of the hollow shaft 12 is arranged between the oil inlet 122 and the oil outlet 123, the deepening groove 124 gradually becomes shallow along the direction from the oil inlet 122 to the oil outlet 123, and the rotation direction of the deepening groove 124 along the direction from the oil inlet 122 to the oil outlet 123 is opposite to the rotation direction of the hollow shaft when a vehicle advances; the transmission gear 120 is arranged on the hollow shaft 12 and is close to the oil outlet 123, and an oil delivery channel 130 is formed between the side surface of the transmission gear 120 and the gearbox housing 010.
It will be appreciated that the vehicle is traveling faster, since the depth-varying groove 124 is provided by: the depth-variable groove 124 gradually becomes shallower along the direction from the oil inlet 122 to the oil outlet 123, and the rotation direction of the depth-variable groove 124 along the direction from the oil inlet 122 to the oil outlet 123 is opposite to the rotation direction of the hollow shaft when the vehicle advances, the deeper groove can absorb lubricating oil from the oil inlet 122 to generate larger internal pressure, and the lubricating oil is pushed to move from the deeper groove to the shallower groove, so that the lubricating oil is driven to move from the oil inlet 122 to the oil outlet 123. When the vehicle is reversed, the internal pressure generated by the groove with the shallow depth is small, so that enough internal pressure cannot be generated, and lubricating oil flows from the groove with the shallow depth to the groove with the deep depth, and even if a certain reverse flow trend of the lubricating oil is generated, the lubricating requirement of the gearbox can be met under the condition of insufficient lubrication due to low vehicle speed.
The application can realize lubrication of the bearing and the gear through the oil way structure of the gearbox, and particularly comprises two functions: firstly, when the hollow shaft 12 rotates, the variable-depth groove 124 can suck lubricating oil from the oil inlet 122; secondly, an oil delivery channel 130 is formed between the side surface of the transmission gear 120 and the gearbox housing 010, when the transmission gear 120 rotates, traction action is generated on lubricating oil in the oil delivery channel 130, and forced lubrication on the hollow shaft mounting bearing 14 and the gear tooth surface can be realized through the synergistic action of the depth-variable groove 124 and the transmission gear 120; secondly, compared with the prior art, the variable-depth groove and the transmission gear traction lubricating oil are arranged, on one hand, the variable-depth groove has a certain oil conveying effect, on the other hand, the oil conveying effect is not too strong, impurities in the oil liquid, such as scrap iron and the like, are prevented from being rolled up, the first conveying path 05 of the lubricating oil is shown in the figure, and the arrow direction is the flowing direction of the lubricating oil.
As shown in fig. 5, the hollow shaft 12 and the transmission housing 010 are formed with a minimum oil delivery section S that satisfies the following condition: when the hollow shaft 12 is stationary, the lubricant level is higher than the highest point of the minimum oil delivery section; when the hollow shaft rotates, the liquid level of the lubricating oil is lower than the highest point of the minimum oil delivery section. Since the gear box 01 and the drive axle 02 are filled with quantitative lubricating oil, the quantity of the lubricating oil needs to be enough for lubricating the bearings and the gears, and on the other hand, excessive filling is prevented from obstructing the movement of moving parts, so that more kinetic energy is converted into heat energy, and the reliability of products is reduced. The gray part in fig. 5 is the side of the minimum oil transportation section, the side view is a circular shell with the sectional shape, and the area is calculated by the following way:where D is the diameter of the smallest oil delivery cross section and H is the distance between the hollow shaft 12 and the housing. It should be noted that, since the outlet 123 of the hollow shaft 12 has a chamfer, the diameter selects the circular housing formed by the location of the chamfer end.
The relation between the maximum cross-sectional area and the minimum oil transportation cross-sectional area of the variable-depth groove is as follows:
；
wherein the method comprises the steps ofFor maximum cross-sectional area of the depth-variable groove, < >>Is the minimum oil transportation sectional area->For the diameter of the smallest oil delivery section, +.>Is the distance between the hollow shaft 12 and the gearbox housing 010. As shown in FIG. 6, any one of the sectional areas of the truncated grooves of varying depth +.>，/>Is the maximum cross-sectional area of the depth-variable groove, wherein +.>And->For correction factor +.>The value of (2) is 0.5-0.8 #>The range of the value of (2) is 10-12.
The size of the maximum cross-sectional area and the minimum oil delivery cross-sectional area of the variable depth groove is defined because: (1) The maximum cross-sectional area of the depth-variable groove influences the oil delivery amount, the minimum oil delivery cross-sectional area influences the oil delivery amount, and when the depth-variable groove and the oil delivery cross-sectional area are matched, the problem that effective lubrication cannot be performed due to small oil delivery amount is avoided, or impurities in lubricating oil are rolled up due to large oil delivery amount, so that the lubrication effect is influenced. (2) When the transmission gear rotates, the height of the liquid level of the lubricating oil is lower than the highest point of the minimum oil delivery section, and the distance between the height of the liquid level of the lubricating oil and the highest point of the minimum oil delivery section is larger and larger along with the gradual increase of the rotating speed, when the distance between the height of the liquid level of the lubricating oil and the highest point of the minimum oil delivery section reaches a certain value, even if the rotating speed of the transmission gear increases, the distance between the height of the liquid level of the lubricating oil and the highest point of the minimum oil delivery section still remains unchanged, and the maximum cross-sectional area of the variable-depth groove calculated by the formula can ensure that sufficient lubricating oil reaches the transmission gear through the minimum oil delivery section; (3) If a gap of a lubricating oil film appears in the minimum oil delivery cross section, that is, if the lubricating oil film has a gap, gas enters the hollow shaft 12, the traction effect of a transmission gear can be greatly reduced, through the formula, even if the distance between the liquid level height of the lubricating oil and the highest point of the minimum oil delivery cross section is larger, the oil supply quantity of the depth-variable groove can ensure the integrity of the minimum oil delivery cross section, and the gap of the oil film is avoided.
It is understood that the cross-sectional shape of the variable-depth groove 124 may be circular arc or rectangular, and preferably circular arc is used as shown in fig. 6.
Example 2
The embodiment of the application also provides a filter-free gearbox oil circuit structure, which comprises the following components: the input shaft is connected with a power source, and a driving gear is arranged on the input shaft; the intermediate shaft is provided with a driven gear meshed with the driving gear and an output gear arranged on one side of the intermediate shaft; the gearbox oil way structure in the embodiment 1 is further included, and a transmission gear on the hollow shaft is meshed with the output gear; the input shaft is arranged on the side part of the hollow shaft, the axis of the input shaft is higher than the axis of the hollow shaft, and the axis of the intermediate shaft is higher than the axis of the input shaft and is horizontally projected between the input shaft and the hollow shaft; a second oil way is arranged between the hollow shaft mounting seat and the intermediate shaft mounting seat, which are close to one side of the output gear.
For convenience of explanation, a two-speed transmission without a filter is taken as an example, and as shown in fig. 7 to 9, the two-speed transmission comprises: the input shaft 10 is connected with a power source, and a driving gear, namely a first gear driving gear 100 and a second gear driving gear 101, is arranged on the input shaft 10; the intermediate shaft 11, a driven gear meshed with the driving gear and an output gear 113 arranged on one side of the intermediate shaft are arranged on the intermediate shaft 11, the driven gear comprises a first-gear driven gear 110 and a second-gear driven gear 111, the first-gear driven gear 110 is meshed with the first-gear driving gear 100 for transmission, the second-gear driven gear 111 is meshed with the second-gear driving gear 101 for transmission, and a synchronizer 112 is further arranged between the first-gear driven gear 110 and the second-gear driven gear 111; a hollow shaft 12, wherein the hollow shaft 12 is arranged in the same way as in the embodiment 1, and a transmission gear 120 on the hollow shaft 12 is meshed with the output gear 113; the input shaft 10 is arranged on the side of the hollow shaft 12, the axis X1 of the input shaft 10 is higher than the axis X3 of the hollow shaft 12, the axis X2 of the intermediate shaft 11 is higher than the axis X1 of the input shaft 10, and the horizontal projection is positioned between the input shaft 10 and the hollow shaft 12; a second oil passage 131 is provided between the hollow shaft mount 125 and the intermediate shaft mount 114 on the side close to the output gear.
Because the axis height of jackshaft 11 is higher than the axis of hollow shaft 12, set up the second oil circuit 131 and carry lubricating oil to the jackshaft mount pad under the drive of deep recess 124 and drive gear 120, can deposit down the impurity in the lubricating oil under the effect of gravity through this mode, play certain cleaning action to the lubricating oil.
The input shaft 10 is provided on the transmission case 010 through a sealed bearing filled with lubricating grease.
It can be seen that the input shaft 10 in this embodiment is different from the intermediate shaft 11 and the hollow shaft 12 in the lubrication manner, and mainly in that the application is a transmission structure without a filter, the rotation speed of the input shaft 10 is high, but the bearing torque is smaller, the acting force on the transmission housing 010 is smaller, so that a high-speed bearing, such as a deep groove ball seal bearing, can be adopted, grease lubrication is adopted, and the problem that impurities in the lubricating oil enter the bearing to generate abnormal sound is avoided due to the fact that the rotation speed of the input shaft is higher. For the intermediate shaft 11, a cylindrical roller bearing is adopted for installation, and particularly, the intermediate shaft 11 is close to one side of the output gear 113, the output gear 113 is meshed with the transmission gear 120, so that the transmission torque is large, the acting force applied to the gearbox housing 010 is large, the side is required to adopt the cylindrical roller bearing, and a corresponding lubricating oil way is required to be arranged for forced lubrication; for the hollow shaft 12, since it is in transmission connection with the differential mechanism, cylindrical roller bearings are required to be arranged on both sides for installation, but since the hollow shaft 12 on the side provided with the transmission gear 120 has a large acting force on the gearbox housing 010, corresponding oil passages must be arranged for forced lubrication. Based on the above consideration, the application provides the technical scheme to meet the lubrication of the two-gear gearbox without the filter.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, a first oil storage chamber 132 is disposed at the bottom of the hollow shaft mounting seat at the oil outlet 123 side of the hollow shaft 12, and the lowest point 1320 of the first oil storage chamber is higher than the lowest point 141 of the outer diameter of the outer ring of the hollow shaft mounting bearing and lower than the lowest point 140 of the inner diameter of the outer ring of the hollow shaft mounting bearing. Through the arrangement, the dead zone is formed in the area of the lowest inner diameter point 140 of the outer ring of the hollow shaft mounting bearing and the lowest point 1320 of the first oil storage chamber, impurities in oil are conveniently deposited in the dead zone, the cleanliness of lubricating oil is improved, and the service life of the electric drive axle is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 10-11, a second oil storage chamber 133 is disposed at the bottom of the intermediate shaft mounting seat, one end of the second oil path 131 is connected to the other side of the hollow shaft mounting bearing 14, and the other end of the second oil path 131 is communicated with the second oil storage chamber 133. The second conveying path 06 shows the flow path of the lubricating oil, the lubricating oil passes through the hollow shaft 12 and enters the first oil storage chamber 132, and then the lubricating hollow shaft is provided with the bearing 14 and then enters the second oil storage chamber 133 through the second oil path 131 under the action of the side traction force of the depth-variable groove 124 and the transmission gear 120. The second oil reservoir chamber 133 is provided on the right side with a countershaft mounting bearing 15, thereby causing lubricating oil to lubricate the countershaft mounting bearing 15.
As shown in fig. 12, the other end of the second oil path 131 is connected to the second oil reservoir 133 at a position higher than the lowest point 1330 of the second oil reservoir, and the lowest point 1330 of the second oil reservoir is higher than the lowest point of the outer diameter of the outer ring of the intermediate shaft mounting bearing 15 and lower than the lowest point of the inner diameter of the outer ring of the intermediate shaft mounting bearing 15. By the arrangement, the similar action and effect as the first oil storage chamber 132 can be obtained, namely, a dead zone is formed in the area between the lowest point 1330 of the second oil storage chamber and the connecting point 1310 of the second oil way 131 or the lowest point of the inner diameter of the outer ring of the intermediate shaft mounting bearing 15 by the arrangement, so that impurities in oil liquid can be conveniently deposited in the dead zone, the cleanliness of lubricating oil is improved, and the service life of an electric drive axle is prolonged; specifically, when the connection point 1310 of the second oil passage 131 and the second oil reservoir chamber 133 is lower than the outer ring inner diameter lowest point of the intermediate shaft mounting bearing 15, a dead zone is formed in the region between the second oil reservoir chamber lowest point 1330 and the connection point 1310 of the second oil passage 131 for storing impurities in the lubricating oil; when the connection point 1310 of the second oil passage 131 and the second oil reservoir chamber 133 is higher than the outer ring inner diameter lowest point of the intermediate shaft mounting bearing 15, a region between the second oil reservoir chamber lowest point 1330 and the outer ring inner diameter lowest point of the intermediate shaft mounting bearing 15 forms a dead zone for storing impurities in the lubricating oil.
As shown in fig. 9 and 12, a third oil path 134 is further provided at the upper portion of the second oil storage chamber 133, the third oil path 134 is formed by an outer ring of the intermediate shaft mounting bearing 15 and a groove of the transmission housing, and an outlet of the third oil path 134 is connected to an arc-shaped tangential plane 135 facing the transmission gear. Through the arrangement, the excessive lubricating oil can flow out through the third oil way 134, and the lubricating oil drops onto the transmission gear 120 through the arc-shaped tangent plane 135, so that the lubricating effect of the transmission gear 120 is improved.
In another aspect of the application, an electric rear axle is provided, which adopts the gearbox oil way structure or the filter-free gearbox oil way structure.
As shown in fig. 13-14, the input shaft 10 and the intermediate shaft 11 are provided with a rotation angle sensor 16, the rotation angle sensor 16 is composed of two parts, an electric sensing element fixed on the transmission housing 010, and sensing elements fixed on the ends of the input shaft 10 and the intermediate shaft 11, the sensing elements are matched with the electric sensing elements, that is, the electric sensing elements detect rotation angle information of the input shaft 10 and the intermediate shaft 11 through matching with the sensing elements, it is understood that the rotation angle sensor 16 is preferably a magnetic encoder, and the sensing elements fixed on the ends of the input shaft 10 and the intermediate shaft 11 are magnetic materials. The electric induction element is fixedly connected with the transmission housing 010 to form a sealing cavity 160, an annular protruding portion 011 is arranged on the transmission housing 010, and the input shaft 10 and the intermediate shaft 11 extend into the annular protruding portion 011, so that the surfaces of the input shaft 10 and the intermediate shaft 11 are matched with the annular surface of the annular protruding portion to prevent lubricating oil from entering the sealing cavity 160. Specifically, the annular protruding portion 011 has a certain width, so that it cooperates with the surface of the input shaft 10 or the intermediate shaft 11 to form a very small gap, and the gap communicates the seal cavity 160 with the interior of the transmission housing, and because the gap is very small, oil is difficult to enter the seal cavity 160 through the gap under the action of self surface tension, so that it is ensured that oil cannot enter the seal cavity, especially oil with metal chips enters the seal cavity, thereby affecting the detection result.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. Gearbox oil circuit structure, its characterized in that includes:
the hollow shaft is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, a variable-depth groove extending along the rotation axis of the hollow shaft is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, the variable-depth groove gradually becomes shallow along the direction from the oil inlet to the oil outlet, and the rotation direction of the variable-depth groove along the direction from the oil inlet to the oil outlet is opposite to the rotation direction of the hollow shaft when a vehicle runs forwards;
the transmission gear is arranged on the hollow shaft and is close to the oil outlet, and an oil conveying channel is formed between the side face of the transmission gear and the gearbox shell.
2. The gearbox oil circuit structure according to claim 1, wherein the hollow shaft and the housing are formed with a minimum oil delivery cross section that satisfies the following condition: when the hollow shaft is static, the liquid level of the lubricating oil is higher than the highest point of the minimum oil delivery section; when the hollow shaft rotates, the liquid level of the lubricating oil is lower than the highest point of the minimum oil delivery section.
3. The transmission oil passage structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the depth-varying groove is circular arc-like or rectangular.
4. The no filter gearbox oil circuit structure, its characterized in that includes:
the input shaft is connected with a power source, and a driving gear is arranged on the input shaft;
the intermediate shaft is provided with a driven gear meshed with the driving gear and an output gear arranged on one side of the intermediate shaft;
a gearbox oil circuit structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, a drive gear on the hollow shaft being in mesh with the output gear;
the input shaft is arranged on the side part of the hollow shaft, the axis of the input shaft is higher than the axis of the hollow shaft, and the axis of the intermediate shaft is higher than the axis of the input shaft and is horizontally projected between the input shaft and the hollow shaft; a second oil way is arranged between the hollow shaft mounting seat and the intermediate shaft mounting seat, which are close to one side of the output gear.
5. The filter-less transmission oil path structure according to claim 4, wherein the input shaft is provided on the case through a seal bearing, and the seal bearing is filled with lubricating grease.
6. The oil circuit structure of the filter-free gearbox according to claim 4, wherein a first oil storage chamber is arranged at the bottom of the hollow shaft installation seat on one side of the hollow shaft oil outlet, and the lowest point of the first oil storage chamber is higher than the lowest point of the outer diameter of the outer ring of the hollow shaft installation bearing and lower than the lowest point of the inner diameter of the outer ring of the hollow shaft installation bearing.
7. The filter-less transmission oil path structure according to claim 6, wherein a second oil storage chamber is provided at the bottom of the intermediate shaft mounting seat, one end of the second oil path is connected to the other side of the hollow shaft mounting bearing, and the other end of the second oil path is communicated with the second oil storage chamber.
8. The filter-less transmission oil path structure according to claim 7, wherein the other end of the second oil path is connected to a second oil reservoir at a position higher than a lowest point of the second oil reservoir, the lowest point of the second oil reservoir being higher than a lowest point of an outer diameter of the intermediate shaft mounting bearing outer ring and lower than a lowest point of an inner diameter of the intermediate shaft mounting bearing outer ring.
9. The filter-less transmission oil path structure according to claim 8, wherein a third oil path is further provided at an upper portion of the second oil reservoir chamber, the third oil path being constituted by an outer race of a countershaft mounting bearing and a groove of a transmission housing, an outlet of the third oil path being connected with an arc-shaped tangential plane toward the transmission gear.
10. An electric rear axle comprising a gearbox oil circuit structure as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3 or a filter-less gearbox oil circuit structure as defined in any one of claims 4 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311484373.6A CN117212436B (en) | 2023-11-09 | 2023-11-09 | Gearbox oil circuit structure, filter-free gearbox oil circuit structure and electric rear axle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311484373.6A CN117212436B (en) | 2023-11-09 | 2023-11-09 | Gearbox oil circuit structure, filter-free gearbox oil circuit structure and electric rear axle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117212436A true CN117212436A (en) | 2023-12-12 |
| CN117212436B CN117212436B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| CN202311484373.6A Active CN117212436B (en) | 2023-11-09 | 2023-11-09 | Gearbox oil circuit structure, filter-free gearbox oil circuit structure and electric rear axle |
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