CN117203036A - Apparatus and method for film lamination of an exterior material with improved positioning - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for film lamination of an exterior material with improved positioning Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117203036A CN117203036A CN202280031135.7A CN202280031135A CN117203036A CN 117203036 A CN117203036 A CN 117203036A CN 202280031135 A CN202280031135 A CN 202280031135A CN 117203036 A CN117203036 A CN 117203036A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- component
- outer material
- fastening
- seam
- channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 title description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009957 hemming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004826 seaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
- B29C63/0004—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
- B29C63/0043—Fixing the layers by electrostatic charges, by the use of structured surfaces or by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
- B29C63/0004—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C2063/0008—Registering, centering the lining material on the substrate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
- B29C63/02—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material
- B29C2063/021—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material characterized by the junction of material sections
- B29C2063/022—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material characterized by the junction of material sections the junction being located in a groove
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2311/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2201/00 - B29K2309/00, as reinforcement
- B29K2311/08—Leather
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a method and a production device for laminating an external material (2) on a component (B), having a fastening device (2 a) in a predetermined position for fastening it to a component carrier (20), wherein the production device has a component holder (20) for receiving the component (B) on a support side (21) of the component holder (20), wherein, for fastening the external material (2) to the component holder (20), a mechanically activatable fastening device (3) is provided for positioning and pre-fastening the external material on the fastening device (3), the fastening device (3) preferably being actuatable from a fastening position to a release position and vice versa, and one or more fastening devices (3) preferably simultaneously determining a reference position for applying the external material (2), and preferably the component holder (20) has a joint channel (6) or a joint groove (6) with a plurality of air channel openings (22) for opening or suction channels (24) in the suction channel (21) from the suction channel (21) to the suction channel or suction channel (23) opening in the suction region, and generating a negative pressure at least in the region of the joint channel (6) so as to fix the joint (5) together with the outer material (2) in a defined position relative to the component (B).
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to an apparatus and method for film lamination with an external material precisely positioned relative to a substrate or component.
Background
Lamination methods are particularly useful in vehicle manufacturing. Emphasis is placed on productivity, cost and manufacturing techniques. One lamination method is, for example, leather lamination. High quality automotive interiors are impressive with their design and materials that are first processed. Fabric and leather interiors are no longer dedicated to the high-end market, but are increasingly used in medium-price market vehicles. It is therefore desirable to find an automated process that is capable of applying these materials, textiles, leather, substances, etc. (hereinafter often referred to as exterior materials) to a substrate or carrier.
In many applications, an external material made of leather, imitation leather, substance, film or other material must be firmly bonded to the substrate surface and precise positioning of the external material relative to the component is necessary. The outer material is often provided with so-called decorative and functional seams, which must be precisely positioned on the substrate before lamination. In addition, the precise positioning facilitates the use of precisely cut outer materials and avoids having to trim the protruding corners and edges of the outer material with a knife or tool after lamination.
A common method is a film lamination method in which a negative pressure is generated under a reduced pressure medium (film), thereby firmly pressing the exterior material against the substrate. The negative pressure is maintained until the adhesive between the substrate and the outer material hardens and the laminate component can be removed. Temperature activated adhesives are typically used. A disadvantage of the current film lamination process is that positioning must be performed in a complex manner. In the known prior art for seam positioning, precise guidance of the seam in the seam groove is provided or a hemming (Keders) clamped into the seam groove is used. However, none of these techniques ensure safe positioning of the seams. In addition, the use of hemming requires additional effort because the seam must be stitched when it is created.
In addition to insufficient seam positioning, positioning of the outer material on the surface may also be inaccurate. This usually means that positioning errors are compensated by cutting the outer material more, which can lead to material costs and rework costs. The protruding edges must often be cut off in an additional process after lamination, which means that there is a risk of damage in addition to the additional efforts mentioned.
It is therefore necessary, compared with the solutions known in the prior art, that on the one hand the decorative or functional seams in the outer material are fixed and positioned correctly and, on the other hand, the outer material as a whole is fixed very precisely with respect to the substrate.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present application to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide an improved device and a corresponding method with precisely positioned lamination.
This should be accompanied by a high degree of flexibility, i.e. the use of parts or vehicle parts of complex shape on the same lamination line, to achieve lower manufacturing costs, improved quality management or mass production and minimum risk.
This object is achieved by a combination of features according to claim 1.
According to the application, a production device is first provided in which a negative pressure is generated from the inside through a vacuum opening or an air passage opening on an outer material applied to a component arranged on a component carrier between the component and the outer material, thereby fixing the outer material on the component. For this purpose, the suction device is activated to suck the air present in the area, thereby creating a negative pressure compared to the environment. This results in the outer material being pressed against the component.
The present application overcomes the above-described difficulties by the following inventive concepts. In one aspect, the external material is pre-fixed in the reference point holder prior to application of the negative pressure. For this purpose, the outer material is clamped directly onto a fixture mounted to the tool carrier or the component carrier and thus positioned in a reproducible manner. The outer material contains suitable fastening means at suitable locations, such as apertures, which are made with sufficient precision by using, for example, NC cutters or punching knives. Alternative methods of providing suitable fastening means may also be used. The fastening points produced on the outer material in this way are precisely positioned with respect to the existing decorative or functional seams and the trimmed edges of the outer material. In addition, the outer material may be reliably bent or pulled beyond the component to control material accumulation in specific areas.
In an optional embodiment of the application, it may be provided that in the case of fixing the external material by applying a negative pressure, the mechanically actuatable fixing means for fixing the external material to the component carrier can be actuated from the fixing position to the release position and vice versa, and that the one or more fixing means preferably simultaneously determine the reference position for applying the external material. If the external material is subsequently fixed by negative pressure after pre-fixation, the fixation device is actuated from the fixation position to the release position, or optionally completely removed.
Another aspect of the application relates to the use of negative pressure to secure existing decorative or functional seams to a component. For this purpose, decorative or functional seams are embedded in specially shaped seam grooves in the component carrier in order to ensure a flat surface of the seam area by means of the applied seams present in the seam grooves. According to the application, holes for sucking air are produced in the joint groove in a predetermined pattern and are sealed against the component carrier. If air (or gas or a gaseous medium present) is sucked out through the component carrier and thus a negative pressure is generated, the defined joint area is fixed in the desired position and displacement of the outer material is prevented. For the lamination process, the seam is positioned and fixed in a defined position in the seam groove correctly and reproducibly.
In addition to the means for lamination, another aspect of the application relates to a method for positioning such an external material, comprising fastening means to precisely position the external material on the component B, said method preferably employing the manufacturing means described in the application and having the following steps:
a. placing the parts to be laminated on a part holder;
b. positioning and fixing the exterior material on the fixing means by the fastening means, the fixing means being provided at respective predetermined positions on the component holder, and
c. the outer material is laminated and bonded to the component.
Any or all of the following additional steps may be performed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present application.
Optionally using an outer material having at least one seam and the component holder having a seam channel with a plurality of air channel openings or vacuum openings, wherein the outer material is first positioned such that the seam is located in the seam channel, and then air is sucked from the area in or above the seam channel through the air channel openings or vacuum openings to a suction area facing away from the support side by means of a suction device creating a negative pressure in the area of the seam channel, thereby fixing the seam together with the outer material in a defined position relative to the component.
The method may furthermore be characterized in that the component holder is sealed against the component in the region of the air passage opening by a sealing element, preferably by an insertable sealing element, so that air is sucked out in a targeted manner through the air passage opening, so that a negative pressure is generated in the joint passage.
After the fixation of the outer material, in the method according to the application, in a preferred embodiment, the fixation means are actuated from the fixation position to the release position once the outer material is fixed by means of the negative pressure.
Drawings
Further advantageous refinements of the application are characterized in the dependent claims or are shown in more detail in the following description of a preferred embodiment of the application in conjunction with the description with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The drawings show:
figure 1 is an exemplary representation of a manufacturing apparatus according to the present application,
figure 2 is an alternative embodiment similar to figure 1 but with a seaming groove,
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a corner portion of a component having an exterior material and a reference holder, an
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a corner portion of a component having an outer material and a reference hole in the outer material in a bending region.
Detailed Description
The application is explained in more detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 2, in which like reference numerals denote like structural and/or functional features.
Fig. 1 and 2 each show an exemplary view of a manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the application. Fig. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of such a system according to the application, which is understood hereinafter as a manufacturing apparatus 1. The manufacturing device is designed to laminate the outer material 2 to the component B in one method step.
The component holder 20 has a support side 21 on which the component B to be laminated with the outer material 2 is applied. The component carrier 20 is provided with a plurality of air passage openings 22 (also called vacuum openings) in the support region in order to suck air from a region 23 above the above-mentioned support side 21 with the aid of a suction device a and to generate a negative pressure there. The extracted air is sucked through the air passage openings 22 to a suction area 24 facing away or remote from the support side 21. By sucking in air, the outer material 2 can be pulled onto the component and fixed to the component.
The manufacturing device 1 is designed to laminate such an outer material 2 on a component B, which has fastening means 2a at predetermined positions of the outer material 2 for fixing it to a component carrier 20. Such fastening means 2a may for example be apertures of defined dimensions at defined relative positions in the outer material 2.
The manufacturing device 1 has a component holder 20 for receiving a component B on a support side 21 of the component holder 20, wherein for fixing the external material 2 on the component holder 20, a mechanically actuatable fixing device 3 is provided for positioning and pre-fixing the external material B on the fixing device 3 by means of a fastening device 2a, in which embodiment the fixing device can be actuated from its fixing position to a pushed-back release position and vice versa. Thus, the fixing means 3 simultaneously determine the reference position for applying the external material 2. The specific design of the fixture 3 depends on the geometry of the individual components.
Another aspect of the application is explained by reference to the exemplary embodiment in fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows a production device 1 for laminating such an outer material 2, which has at least one seam 5 in the outer material 2, for which purpose the component holder 20 has a seam channel 6 for receiving the seam 5. The joint channel 6 has a plurality of air channel openings 22 in order to suck air from a region 23 in the joint channel 6 or above the joint channel through the air channel openings 22 to a suction region 24 facing away from the support side 21 and to generate a negative pressure at least in the region of the joint channel 6, in order to fix the joint 5 together with the outer material 2 in a defined position relative to the component B, using the suction device a.
The 3D printing process can advantageously be used to produce a component holder 20 with an integrated air passage opening 22 for applying negative pressure.
Fig. 2 also shows a solution of how the component holder 20 is sealed against the component B in the region of the air passage opening 22 by the sealing element 7, so that air is sucked out in a targeted manner through the air passage opening 22 and not laterally between the component B and the component holder 20.
The suction device a is preferably a vacuum pump, which in particular has a suction power that matches the required negative pressure in the joint channel 6.
Leather as an exterior material is a flexible material that can change shape and length due to temperature and humidity. In addition, the rigidity and ductility of leather can be affected by tolerances due to the leather being a natural material. On the other hand, leather is malleable. Thus, there are specific requirements for the alignment of the reference points of the leather on the parts to be laminated. This is also the solution of the inventive concept.
In the edge and corner regions, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the required positioning accuracy is high. In conventional manual lamination, these areas are cut or trimmed after the lamination process. In a semi-automated lamination process, these areas are cut out prior to lamination and must therefore be precisely positioned.
The present exemplary embodiment shows the positioning of leather in corner areas with bends. The figure shows the state before lamination. Appropriately arranged locating pins hold the leather with high tolerance requirements near the corner areas to be covered. Fig. 4 schematically shows a laminated state with bending. The reference openings or reference holes are then located in the area of the meander so that they do not interfere.
The practice of the application is not limited to the preferred exemplary embodiments given above. Instead, many variants are conceivable, which utilize the proposed solution even in radically different designs.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing device (1) for laminating an outer material (2) on a component (B), having fastening means (2 a) at a predetermined position of the outer material (2) for fastening it to a component carrier (20), wherein the manufacturing device has a component holder (20) for receiving a component (B) on a support side (21) of the component holder (20), wherein for fastening the outer material (2) on the component holder (20) mechanically activatable fastening means (3) are provided for positioning and pre-fastening the outer material on the fastening means (3), the fastening means (3) preferably being actuatable from a fastening position to a release position and vice versa, and one or more fastening means (3) preferably simultaneously determine a reference position for applying the outer material (2).
2. The manufacturing device (1) of a laminated outer material (2) according to claim 1, which is at least one seam in the outer material, characterized in that the component holder (20) has a seam channel (6) or a seam groove (6) with a plurality of air channel openings (22) or vacuum openings in order to use a suction device (a) to suck air from a region (23) in or above the seam channel (6) through the air channel openings (22) or vacuum openings to a suction region (24) facing away from the support side (21) and to generate a negative pressure at least in the region of the seam channel (6) in order to fix the seam (5) together with the outer material (2) in a defined position relative to the component (B).
3. The manufacturing apparatus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the component holder (20) is manufactured using a 3D printing process and has an integrated air passage opening (22) for applying negative pressure.
4. The manufacturing device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component holder (20) is sealed with respect to the component (B) in the region of the air passage opening (22), preferably by a sealing element (7), such that air is or can be sucked out in a targeted manner through the air passage opening (22).
5. Manufacturing apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said suction means (a) is a vacuum pump.
6. Manufacturing device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing means (3) are arranged immediately adjacent to the corners of the component to be bent, so that the outer material is arranged through its fastening openings in the region remote from the visible side of the laminated component after bending has occurred.
7. Method for positioning an outer material (2) with fastening means (2 a) on a component (B) for laminating the outer material (2) on the component (B), preferably using a manufacturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, having the steps of:
a. placing the component (B) to be laminated onto a component holder (20);
b. -positioning and fixing the external material (2) on the fixing means (3) by means of the fastening means (2 a), the fixing means (3) being arranged at respective predetermined positions on the component holder (20) and
c. the outer material (2) is laminated and glued to the component (B).
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein an outer material (2) is used which has at least one seam (5), and the component holder (20) has a seam channel (6) or a seam groove (6) which has a plurality of air channel openings (22) or vacuum openings,
g. -positioning the outer material (2) such that the seam (5) is located in the seam channel (6);
h. -generating a negative pressure in the region of the joint channel (6) by means of a suction device (a), sucking air from a region (23) in or above the joint channel (6) through an air channel opening (22) or vacuum opening to a suction region (24) facing away from the support side (21) in order to fix the joint (5) together with the outer material (2) in a defined position relative to the component (B).
9. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the component holder (20) is sealed against the component (B) in the region of the air passage opening (22) by a sealing element (7), preferably by an insertable sealing element (7), so that air is sucked out in a targeted manner through the air passage opening (22), thereby creating a negative pressure in the joint passage (6).
10. Method according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the securing device (3) is driven from a securing position to a releasing position or completely removed after the securing of the outer material (2) on the component (B) with a negative pressure.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021110911.6A DE102021110911A1 (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Device and method for membrane lamination of an upper fabric with improved positioning |
| DE102021110911.6 | 2021-04-28 | ||
| PCT/EP2022/061209 WO2022229262A1 (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2022-04-27 | Device and method for a membrane lamination process of a top material with improved positioning |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117203036A true CN117203036A (en) | 2023-12-08 |
Family
ID=81850258
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202280031135.7A Pending CN117203036A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2022-04-27 | Apparatus and method for film lamination of an exterior material with improved positioning |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4330008A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN117203036A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102021110911A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022229262A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2530186A1 (en) * | 1982-07-19 | 1984-01-20 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | PROCESS FOR COVERING A PLASTIC PROTECTION FILM A GLASS OF GLASSES OF GLASSES AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD |
| DE3345626A1 (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1985-06-27 | Plastifol-Manfred Rothe KG, 8017 Ebersberg | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A LAMINATED MOLDED PART |
| JPH01502171A (en) | 1986-09-29 | 1989-08-03 | ディークヴィッシュ，リタ | Method and device for covering three-dimensional solid bodies with plastic |
| DE102010021892B4 (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2014-03-20 | Curt Niebling jun. | Method and device for laminating a 3D support part with a laminate |
| DE102012005286A1 (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2013-09-19 | Faurecia Innenraum Systeme Gmbh | Method for laminating component having groove, particularly interior trim part of motor vehicle, with flat material, particularly film, involves moving flat material into groove till it does not rest against groove flank and groove base |
| KR101798925B1 (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-11-21 | 주식회사 캐리마 | A 3-dimensional forming method |
-
2021
- 2021-04-28 DE DE102021110911.6A patent/DE102021110911A1/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-04-27 CN CN202280031135.7A patent/CN117203036A/en active Pending
- 2022-04-27 WO PCT/EP2022/061209 patent/WO2022229262A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-04-27 EP EP22725872.0A patent/EP4330008A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102021110911A1 (en) | 2022-11-03 |
| EP4330008A1 (en) | 2024-03-06 |
| WO2022229262A1 (en) | 2022-11-03 |
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