CN117196886A - Carbon emission management system for building construction projects - Google Patents
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- CN117196886A CN117196886A CN202310688743.1A CN202310688743A CN117196886A CN 117196886 A CN117196886 A CN 117196886A CN 202310688743 A CN202310688743 A CN 202310688743A CN 117196886 A CN117196886 A CN 117196886A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon emission management system for building construction projects, comprising: a database module configured to store and manage carbon emission factor information, construction project basis information, and construction mode information; the internet of things module is used for collecting resource use information and environment information of a construction site by utilizing the internet of things device; the management module is used for configuring the mapping relation between materials used in the construction project and carbon emission factors; configuring carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project; configuring a construction mode according to the predicted value of the carbon emission; the neural network module is set to store a trained neural network model and is used for inputting resource use information and environment information and outputting a carbon emission predicted value of a construction project. According to the invention, through reasonable arrangement and cooperation among the modules, the automatic management of carbon emission of building construction projects can be realized, and correction suggestions can be timely given when the carbon emission is abnormal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of green building construction, in particular to a carbon emission management system for building construction projects.
Background
Along with the continuous implementation of carbon emission mandatory indexes of various building industries, the overall requirements, main targets and technical measures for green construction are continuously perfected. For green construction, analyzing and predicting the carbon emission in the construction process, and formulating a feasible construction scheme according to the carbon emission is an important step for saving resources to the greatest extent, improving the utilization rate of the resources, reducing the cost and reducing the adverse effect of construction activities on the environment.
In terms of carbon emission in the building construction process, domestic Chen Kanghai is taken as an example of a commercial integrated building, and carbon emission analysis is performed according to earth-rock engineering, foundation engineering, masonry engineering and reinforced concrete engineering. Foreign Pacheco-Torres et al studied the spanish multi-story villa building to obtain the amount of cured carbon emissions per unit area. Li and the like compare the carbon emission of public processes of 17 residential buildings (shear wall structures, frame structures and brick-concrete structures with heights of 8.5-53.4 m) according to engineering data lists. Davies et al quantitatively calculated carbon emissions at the production building stage of a warehouse in england. Chen Binbin starting from the rated compilation thought and the characteristic of carbon emission, a set of construction stage carbon emission rated estimation method is researched.
The carbon emission calculation method in the building construction stage at home and abroad has great differences in aspects of research boundaries, accounting ranges, accounting models and the like due to different research purposes. Although the building carbon emission calculation standard (GB/T51366-2019) gives an accounting standard, the method still adopts an estimation mode, and the engineering carbon emission condition cannot be accurately analyzed. And much data of the existing carbon emission calculation model is not easily available at the early stages of design and construction. The carbon emission cannot be accurately predicted, and the carbon emission reduction work is guided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme, which specifically comprises the following steps:
a carbon emissions management system for a building construction project, comprising:
a database module configured to store and manage carbon emission factor information, construction project basis information, and construction mode information;
the internet of things module is connected with the database module and is used for collecting resource use information and environment information of a construction site by utilizing the internet of things device;
the neural network module is connected with the Internet of things module and is set to store a trained neural network model and is used for inputting resource use information and environment information and outputting a carbon emission predicted value of a construction project;
the management module is respectively connected with the database module, the Internet of things module and the neural network module and is used for configuring the mapping relation between materials used in construction projects and carbon emission factors; configuring carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project; and configuring a construction mode according to the predicted value of the carbon emission.
In some preferred embodiments, the method for configuring carbon emission quota for each sub-item of a construction project comprises:
and according to the carbon emission factor information, the resource use information and the environment information and according to the index parameter requirements of the environment-friendly construction demonstration engineering implementation guidelines of Sichuan province, calculating the carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project.
In some preferred embodiments, further comprising: the green construction evaluation module is used for evaluating the green construction files of the construction items regularly and in stages, and initiating a green construction evaluation acceptance flow according to the evaluation requirements.
In some preferred embodiments, the construction mode includes: the application mode of various resources in the construction project and the construction method for carbon neutralization.
In some preferred embodiments, the training method of the neural network model includes:
collecting resource use information and environment information of a historical finished building project as a first data set, and collecting green construction evaluation acceptance results of the corresponding building project as supervision labels of the first data set;
expanding the first data set by using a data enhancement method based on noise and/or a data enhancement method based on interpolation to obtain a second data set, and calculating a green construction evaluation acceptance result corresponding to data in the second data set as a supervision tag of the second data set according to a green construction evaluation standard;
mixing and disturbing the first result verification set and the second result verification set, dividing the training set and the verification set according to the proportion of 8:2, and completing training of the neural network model by using a supervision training method.
In some preferred embodiments, the method for determining the carbon emission factor comprises:
collecting the existing carbon emission factors and establishing a carbon emission standard library; and calculating unknown carbon emission factors which are not recorded in the standard library but are related to the construction project by adopting a sampling test statistics or expert review method, and recording the unknown carbon emission factors in the carbon emission standard library.
In some preferred embodiments, the system further comprises a real-time carbon emission calculation module configured to obtain the resource usage information, the environmental information, and the mapping relationship between the materials used in the construction project and the carbon emission factors, and calculate the real-time carbon emission of each sub-item of the construction project according to GB/T51366-2019 "building carbon emission calculation standard".
Advantageous effects
1. According to the invention, through reasonable arrangement and cooperation among the modules, the automatic management of carbon emission of building construction projects can be realized, and correction suggestions can be timely given when the carbon emission is abnormal; 2. by setting up a management platform, the green construction evaluation system is conveniently brought into platform management, real-time acquisition and calling of management data are realized, and the whole life cycle management of construction projects is carried out according to requirements of industry related standards and regulations, so that a company is convenient to uniformly manage green construction demonstration project evaluation work of subordinate projects; 3. and a deep learning algorithm is adopted to predict and analyze the carbon emission condition of the construction project, and the predicted result is compared with the control value to adjust the current construction mode, so that the energy conservation, emission reduction, energy conservation and efficiency increase are finally realized, and the support is provided for quick landing of double carbon.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a carbon emission management system for a construction project in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a carbon emission management system for a construction project according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a carbon emission management system for a construction project according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a carbon emission management system for a construction project, including:
and a database module configured to store and manage carbon emission factor information, construction project basis information, and construction mode information.
The carbon emission factor refers to the amount of carbon emission generated by unit energy during combustion or use of each energy source. Carbon emissions refer to the average greenhouse gas emissions produced during the production, transportation, use and recovery of a product. The carbon emissions may be calculated by multiplying activity data (e.g., power consumption, fuel consumption, etc.) by a carbon emission factor. For example, if the carbon emission factor of the power generation process is 0.785kg CO2/kWh, then using 100kWh of electricity would be equivalent to emission of 78.5kg CO2. There are various methods for determining the carbon emission factor, the most commonly used of which is a calculation method for calculating the carbon emission amount according to different emission sources and activity levels using existing emission factor data or by sampling measurement and statistical analysis; the actual measurement method is based on field actual measurement basic data of emission sources, and the relevant carbon emission is obtained by summarizing. For building construction, the carbon emission factor information of the process or material used in most construction projects can be queried through public approaches, such as querying IPCC data, and the amounts of CO2 emitted by ton of coal, ton of fuel oil and cubic meter of natural gas are 2.493, 3.175 and 1.884 tons respectively. However, due to the complexity of building construction, there is inevitably non-standard construction process or carbon emission factor information which is difficult to obtain by inquiry, and therefore, in some preferred embodiments, a method for determining a carbon emission factor suitable for the field of building construction is provided, which specifically includes:
collecting the existing carbon emission factors and establishing a carbon emission standard library; and calculating unknown carbon emission factors which are not recorded in the standard library but are related to the construction project by adopting a sampling test statistics or expert review method, and recording the unknown carbon emission factors in the carbon emission standard library.
The construction project basic information comprises materials, construction steps, construction process information, project basic information such as start time, construction progress, project addresses and the like.
The construction mode is to achieve the resource utilization rate and the environmental influence degree of different degrees by reasonably setting construction process and steps on the premise of ensuring the basic requirements of quality, safety and the like. Specifically, resources should be saved to the greatest extent on the basis of scientific management and technical progress, negative environmental impact is reduced, and energy conservation, material conservation, water conservation, land conservation and environmental protection construction activities of building engineering are realized. In some preferred embodiments, the construction mode includes: the application mode of various resources in the construction project and the construction method for carbon neutralization. It should be appreciated that the specific construction model needs to be formulated by one skilled in the art based on comprehensive consideration of the type of construction project, site conditions, design scheme, and progress requirements.
The internet of things module is connected with the database module and is used for collecting resource use information and environment information of a construction site by utilizing the internet of things device.
The resource use information comprises use information of natural resources such as water, electricity and gas and energy sources, the environment information comprises information such as dust conditions, noise and environment pollution, and the information is collected by using monitoring equipment provided with the corresponding Internet of things. For example, the intelligent water pump may be used for collecting information of water consumption, the noise sensor may be used for collecting information of environmental noise, and the intelligent electric meter may be used for collecting information of electricity consumption.
The neural network module is connected with the Internet of things module and is set to store a trained neural network model and is used for inputting resource use information and environment information and outputting a carbon emission predicted value of a construction project. In some preferred embodiments, RNN (recurrent neural network) may be used, and LSTM (Long Short Term Memory, long short term memory neural network) may be used, preferably considering that the data designed by the present invention has strong timing properties. For the effectiveness of the neural network model, the most important is the design of the training method, and the training effect is determined by the quantity and quality of the data set. For the field designed by the invention, as the buildings built by the same unit are limited, the building construction data is unrealistic to depend on actual historical building construction data completely, the data volume is small, and the high-quality training of the neural network model cannot be finished. Therefore, in some preferred embodiments, a preferred method for training a neural network model by reasonably expanding a training data set is provided, which specifically includes:
collecting resource use information and environment information of a historical finished building project as a first data set, and collecting green construction evaluation acceptance results of the corresponding building project as supervision labels of the first data set;
expanding the first data set by using a data enhancement method based on noise and/or a data enhancement method based on interpolation to obtain a second data set, and calculating a green construction evaluation acceptance result corresponding to data in the second data set as a supervision tag of the second data set according to a green construction evaluation standard;
mixing and disturbing the first result verification set and the second result verification set, dividing the training set and the verification set according to the proportion of 8:2, and completing training of the neural network model by using a supervision training method.
The management module is respectively connected with the database module, the Internet of things module and the neural network module and is used for configuring the mapping relation between materials used in construction projects and carbon emission factors; configuring carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project; and configuring a construction mode according to the predicted value of the carbon emission.
The mapping relation between the materials used in the construction project and the carbon emission factors is convenient for the materials to be quickly imported for matching in the subsequent steps.
It should be understood that carbon emission allowance in the art refers to the total amount of greenhouse gases (in terms of carbon dioxide equivalents) emitted to the atmosphere over a period of time that is established by government authorities. Carbon emission quota is the basis of carbon trade and is also a marketization means for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The government has set and control the total amount of carbon emissions and has allocated carbon emission credits to key emission units such that they must not exceed the specified emission limits for a period of time. If the actual emission of the key emission unit exceeds the quota, an excess quota of other units needs to be purchased on the carbon trade market; if the actual emissions are below the quota, the excess quota may be sold in the carbon trade market, thereby achieving the carbon emission reduction objective. For the present invention, this general concept is borrowed here, the essence of which is to allocate to each sub-item of the construction project the total amount of greenhouse gases (calculated as carbon dioxide equivalents) to be emitted to the atmosphere over a certain period of time, and to specify that it must not exceed a specified emission limit over a certain period of time during the construction process.
In some preferred embodiments, a method for configuring carbon emission quota of each sub-item of a construction project is provided, specifically including:
and according to the carbon emission factor information, the resource use information and the environment information and according to the index parameter requirements of the environment-friendly construction demonstration engineering implementation guidelines of Sichuan province, calculating the carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project. The guide is a guiding file written by the organization of the construction society of Sichuan province, and aims to further guide the construction work of the green construction demonstration project, improve the green construction management level and realize the high-quality sustainable development of the construction industry. The method comprises the content of green construction inspection and evaluation, and specifically comprises an evaluation basis, an evaluation content, an evaluation method, an evaluation program and a referential calculation and evaluation method of an evaluation result. The carbon emission quota of each sub item comprises the aspects of material saving, water saving, energy saving and the like.
The configuration of the construction mode according to the predicted value of the carbon emission specifically refers to determining whether the construction process meets the requirement of green construction according to the relation between the predicted value of the carbon emission and the carbon emission quota. Specifically, the following method may be employed to determine whether the construction mode needs to be reconfigured:
dividing the carbon emission quota by the construction period to obtain a standard carbon emission rate, and dividing a predicted value of the carbon emission in unit time by the unit time to obtain an actual carbon emission rate; if the actual carbon emission rate is greater than the standard carbon emission rate, the current construction mode is proved to be a place where the current construction mode can be optimized, and if the actual carbon emission rate is less than the standard carbon emission rate, the current construction mode is proved to be reasonable. Specifically, the construction mode refers to a specific construction method, process, flow and the like for reducing the use of water resources by adopting novel energy-saving materials, receiving rainwater by a rainwater recovery device, using new energy engineering vehicles, re-brickmaking by waste concrete and the like on site.
In other preferred embodiments, in order to grasp whether the carbon emission in each stage of construction meets the requirement of green construction, as shown in fig. 2, the carbon emission management system for a building construction project further includes a green construction evaluation module configured to evaluate the green construction file of the construction project periodically and in stages, and initiate a green construction evaluation acceptance procedure according to the evaluation requirement. The green construction files refer to construction files of each stage of construction project storage, and comprise construction information and carbon emission information.
In other preferred embodiments, in order to grasp the real-time carbon emission of the construction project, as shown in fig. 3, the carbon emission management system for the construction project further includes a real-time carbon emission calculation module configured to obtain the resource usage information, the environmental information, and the mapping relationship between the materials used in the construction project and the carbon emission factor, and calculate the real-time carbon emission of each sub-term of the construction project according to GB/T51366-2019 "building carbon emission calculation standard". It should be appreciated that the GB/T51366-2019 "building carbon emission calculation standard" gives an authoritative building carbon emission accounting standard, but due to its nature it is still an estimation method, it is not possible to accurately analyze the engineering carbon emission. Therefore, the real-time carbon emission can only be used as a reference, and should not be used as a basis for evaluation or acceptance. The method aims to enable related staff to timely master the approximate carbon emission of construction projects, and to timely recheck when obvious abnormality occurs in the data.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A carbon emissions management system for a construction project, comprising:
a database module configured to store and manage carbon emission factor information, construction project basis information, and construction mode information;
the internet of things module is connected with the database module and is used for collecting resource use information and environment information of a construction site by utilizing the internet of things device;
the neural network module is connected with the Internet of things module and is set to store a trained neural network model and is used for inputting resource use information and environment information and outputting a carbon emission predicted value of a construction project;
the management module is respectively connected with the database module, the Internet of things module and the neural network module and is used for configuring the mapping relation between materials used in construction projects and carbon emission factors; configuring carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project; and configuring a construction mode according to the predicted value of the carbon emission.
2. The carbon emission management system for a construction project of claim 1, wherein the method of configuring carbon emission quotas for each sub-item of the construction project comprises:
and according to the carbon emission factor information, the resource use information and the environment information and according to the index parameter requirements of the environment-friendly construction demonstration engineering implementation guidelines of Sichuan province, calculating the carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project.
3. The carbon emissions management system for a building construction project of claim 1, further comprising: the green construction evaluation module is used for evaluating the green construction files of the construction items regularly and in stages, and initiating a green construction evaluation acceptance flow according to the evaluation requirements.
4. The carbon emission management system for a building construction project of claim 1, wherein the construction mode comprises: the application mode of various resources in the construction project and the construction method for carbon neutralization.
5. The carbon emission management system for a building construction project of claim 1, wherein the training method of the neural network model comprises:
collecting resource use information and environment information of a historical finished building project as a first data set, and collecting green construction evaluation acceptance results of the corresponding building project as supervision labels of the first data set;
expanding the first data set by using a data enhancement method based on noise and/or a data enhancement method based on interpolation to obtain a second data set, and calculating a green construction evaluation acceptance result corresponding to data in the second data set as a supervision tag of the second data set according to a green construction evaluation standard;
mixing and disturbing the first result verification set and the second result verification set, dividing the training set and the verification set according to the proportion of 8:2, and completing training of the neural network model by using a supervision training method.
6. The carbon emission management system for a building construction project of claim 1, wherein the method of determining the carbon emission factor comprises:
collecting the existing carbon emission factors and establishing a carbon emission standard library; and calculating unknown carbon emission factors which are not recorded in the standard library but are related to the construction project by adopting a sampling test statistics or expert review method, and recording the unknown carbon emission factors in the carbon emission standard library.
7. The carbon emission management system for a building construction item according to claim 1 or 6, wherein: the system also comprises a real-time carbon emission calculation module which is used for acquiring the resource use information, the environment information and the mapping relation between the materials used in the construction project and the carbon emission factors, and calculating the real-time carbon emission of each sub-item of the construction project according to GB/T51366-2019 'building carbon emission calculation Standard'.
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| CN118037136A (en) * | 2024-04-11 | 2024-05-14 | 河北省建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Low-carbon building construction control method and system based on intelligent perception |
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| CN118037136A (en) * | 2024-04-11 | 2024-05-14 | 河北省建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Low-carbon building construction control method and system based on intelligent perception |
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