CN117182599A - Convex seat part, convex seat part space profile machining method and clamp - Google Patents
Convex seat part, convex seat part space profile machining method and clamp Download PDFInfo
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- CN117182599A CN117182599A CN202311053043.1A CN202311053043A CN117182599A CN 117182599 A CN117182599 A CN 117182599A CN 202311053043 A CN202311053043 A CN 202311053043A CN 117182599 A CN117182599 A CN 117182599A
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001595 flow curve Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The invention discloses a boss part, a boss part space profile machining method and a clamp, wherein a mandrel with an inclined upper end face and a groove is manufactured according to the structural characteristics of the boss part, and the boss part is pressed by a screw and a nut. During machining, a five-axis linkage machining mode is adopted, during modeling, a space profile to be machined of the cylindrical enveloping convex seat part is adopted, a cutter rail is continuously uninterrupted during programming, the cutter is fed from outside to inside along the circumferential direction, only one cutter is fed during machining, and the cutter is retracted after continuous cutting machining. The invention solves the technical problem that the boss part cannot be processed and formed at one time when the three-axis numerical control milling is used, leads the numerical control tool path to be continuous and smooth without interruption, reduces the risks of tool jump, interference and collision, explores an effective processing method and a fixture, and leads the boss part to be produced with high quality, high efficiency and stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aeroengine manufacturing, in particular to a processing method and a clamp for a special-shaped part space profile, and particularly relates to a five-axis linkage processing method and a corresponding clamp.
Background
The aeroengine boss is a mounting seat type part in the fan casing, and the mounting seat type part is widely used in aeroengines and has different purposes. The convex seat part is of a relatively complex structure, the bottom surface of the part is rectangular, the included angle between the upper molded surface of the bottom surface and the vertical surface (the cylindrical surface M and the cylindrical surface N) is 85 degrees, the upper molded surface is gradually transited to the cylindrical surface N, and the structure of the convex seat part is shown in figures 1 and 2.
The included angle between the molded surface and the vertical surface of the common installation seat type part is 90 degrees, and the numerical control machining of the part can be realized by adopting a triaxial linkage numerical control milling technology. However, the included angle between the upper profile and the vertical surface of the boss part shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 is 85 degrees, the outer circle size of the cylindrical surface M at the upper part of the part is larger than that of the cylindrical surface N, and the conventional three-axis numerical control milling cannot be processed and formed at one time, so that the processing efficiency of the boss part is low, the consistency is poor, and the processing quality is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a boss part, a boss part space profile processing method and a clamp, which solve the technical problem that the boss part cannot be processed and formed at one time when three-axis numerical control milling is used, lead a numerical control tool path to be continuous and smooth and uninterrupted, reduce the risks of tool jump, interference and collision, explore an effective processing method and a clamp, and lead the boss part to be produced with high quality, high efficiency and stability.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a boss part comprises a boss part body,
the base comprises an upper molded surface, wherein the upper molded surface is a curved surface, and the outer contour of the upper molded surface is rectangular;
the bulge is connected to the upper molded surface, the bulge comprises a cylindrical surface M and a cylindrical surface N which are coaxial, the outer diameter of the cylindrical surface M is larger than that of the cylindrical surface N, the cylindrical surface N is arranged between the cylindrical surface M and the upper molded surface and is connected with the upper molded surface, and the included angles of the cylindrical surface M, the cylindrical surface N and the upper molded surface are not equal to 90 degrees;
and the through holes penetrate through the base and the bulges and are coaxial with the cylindrical surfaces M and N.
A fixture for machining the space profile of convex seat part is composed of a cylindrical die,
the mandrel is of a rotary structure, a first included angle is formed between the upper end face of the mandrel and the rotary axis, the first included angle is equal to the included angle between the upper profile of the boss part and the cylindrical surface M and the included angle between the upper profile of the boss part and the cylindrical surface N, a groove is formed in the upper end face of the mandrel, the bottom face of the groove is parallel to the upper end face of the mandrel, a threaded hole is formed in the bottom face of the groove, and the central axis of the threaded hole coincides with the rotary axis of the mandrel;
the screw is inserted into the through hole of the boss part, and the lower end of the screw is connected with the threaded hole on the bottom surface of the mandrel groove;
the nut is connected to the upper end of the screw rod and is pressed on the upper end of the cylindrical surface M of the boss part.
Further, the inner contour shape of the groove is consistent with the outer contour shape of the upper molded surface.
Further, the inner contour dimension of the groove is larger than the outer contour dimension of the upper molded surface, so that when the boss part is placed into the groove and clings to the bottom surface of the groove, a gap exists between the circumferential surface of the base of the boss part and the inner side surface of the groove.
Further, the boss part space profile machining clamp further comprises a gasket, and the gasket is sleeved on the screw rod and is arranged between the nut and the end face of the boss part.
A method for processing the space profile of a boss part adopts five-axis linkage to process the upper profile of the boss part and comprises the following steps:
a step of clamping the boss part, in which the base of the boss part is inserted into the groove of the mandrel by adopting the processing clamp, and is connected with the threaded hole in the groove after passing through the through hole of the boss part by using the screw rod, and then the boss part is pressed from the upper end of the screw rod by using the nut;
modeling the convex seat part, namely adopting a cylindrical enveloping base to expand the outer contour of the upper molded surface from a rectangle to a circle during modeling;
and a five-axis linkage programming step, namely feeding the cutter once along the circumferential direction from outside to inside in a continuous uninterrupted mode by adopting a cutter rail, and continuously cutting and processing the cutter back.
Alternatively, in the five-axis linkage programming step, a ball end mill is used when creating the machining tool.
Alternatively, in the five-axis linkage programming step, streamline drive is used and two flow curves are selected.
Alternatively, in the five-axis linkage programming step, the projection mode is selected to be perpendicular to the driving body.
In the five-axis linkage programming step, as an alternative, the arbor control mode is selected as the interpolation vector.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1. according to the structural analysis of the boss part, a clamping and processing scheme is finally obtained, and because the molded surface of the boss part processing position has an angular position relation with other parts, the angular direction of the boss part is required to be fixed during clamping, and the boss part processing position has a triaxial interference area, so that a five-axis linkage processing method is required to be adopted;
2. the invention discloses a processing clamp for a boss part, which is designed by dividing the processing clamp into two parts according to a clamping scheme, wherein one part is of a shaft structure and is used for supporting and angular positioning of the boss part; one part is a compression structure used for compressing the convex seat part;
3. the device used in the invention comprises: a numerical control lathe, a five-axis machining center and a bench;
4. according to the designed part sketch, processing corresponding parts and assembling;
5. the method comprises the steps of loading an assembled fixture on a workbench of a five-axis machining center, guiding a compiled numerical control program into a machine tool, establishing a machining coordinate system and clamping a cutter, and then starting the machine tool to machine parts, wherein the whole operation process is simple in flow field;
6. the processing clamp designed and manufactured by adopting the programming mode can be used for programming a high-efficiency and simple five-axis linkage processing program and realizing high-quality and stable processing of the parts.
The invention explores a processing method of a three-dimensional space profile of a boss part, designs a reliable, effective and cost-effective processing clamp, and discloses a programming mode of a five-axis linkage space profile of the boss part, wherein the cost of the processing clamp is below 2000 yuan/set, and the processing clamp is suitable for wide popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an outline view of an aircraft engine boss part;
FIG. 2 is a view from direction H of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of the clamp with the boss part;
FIG. 4 is a view in section F-F in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a mandrel part diagram;
FIG. 6 is a view in section A-A of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a boss part UG three-dimensional programming model process;
FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional assembly view of a fixture and boss part;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional profile tool path for a boss part;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of two flow curves used in five-axis linkage programming of a boss part;
1-core shaft, 2-screw, 3-nut, 4-gasket, 5-boss part, 6-upper profile.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications, substitutions and alterations made according to the ordinary skill and familiar means of the art to which this invention pertains are included within the scope of the present invention without departing from the above technical idea of the invention.
In order to solve the difficult problem of processing the space profile (the upper profile 6 is a space curved surface) of the boss part shown in fig. 1 and 2, the key point is the design and manufacture of the processing clamp and the implementation of the five-axis linkage processing method.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8, the invention divides the processing clamp of the boss part 5 into two parts, one part is a clamp base, namely a mandrel 1, used for supporting and angular positioning of the boss part 5; part of the screw is a compression structure, namely a screw rod 2 and a nut 3, and is used for realizing end face compression of the boss part 5.
The aspect of five-axis linkage processing mainly relates to the processing of a UG programming model and a five-axis linkage programming method. UG programming model processing is an important link for multi-axis machining, and can enable a numerical control tool path to be continuous, smooth and uninterrupted, and reduce risks of tool jump, interference and collision. The five-axis linkage programming method mainly controls the cutter shaft.
Designing a machining clamp: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the design of the clamp comprises two parts, a base part (mandrel 1) and a pressing part (screw 2 and nut 3). Since the upper surface 6 of the processing part of the boss part 5 has a positional relationship with other parts, angular positioning is necessary when the boss part 5 is processed, and the jig is used for part support and angular positioning. In the design process, UG difference solving processing can be adopted, the convex seat part 5 is used as a difference solving tool to obtain the space three-dimensional size of the part, and the efficiency and the accuracy of the clamp design are improved. The root of the groove of the fixture mandrel 1 (fig. 4) must be back-gouged to prevent the bottom edge of the boss part 5 from interfering with the root of the fixture, the bottom surface of the fixture groove (the surface C in fig. 4) is used for supporting the part, the inner side surface of the groove (the surface D in fig. 4) is used for angular positioning, a gap of 0.03-0.05 mm is reserved between the inner cavity side surface of the fixture groove (the surface D in fig. 4) and the square outer surface of the base of the boss part 5, and finally, the pressing of the boss part is realized through the pressing part.
As shown in fig. 4 and 8, the jig is used as follows:
1) Screwing the lower end of the screw rod 2 into an internal threaded hole of the mandrel 1 of the clamp;
2) The convex seat part 5 is arranged in the inner cavity of the groove of the mandrel 1 of the clamp;
3) Mounting a gasket 4 on the screw 2;
4) The nut 3 is screwed into the external thread at the upper end of the screw rod 2, so that the compression of the boss part 5 is realized.
The clamp base portion corresponds to the design and manufacture of the mandrel 1. The dimensions of the mandrel 1 are shown in figures 5 and 6.
The clamp compressing part mainly comprises a screw rod 2, a gasket 4 and a nut 3, wherein the screw rod 2, the gasket 4 and the nut 3 are standard components and can be directly used. The manufacturing process of the fixture mandrel 1 is as follows:
1) Adopting phi 65X60 woolen one branch, and adopting 45 steel material;
2) Flat end face, turning outer circle: turning an outer circle of phi 30, and chamfering;
3) Turning around to clamp the phi 30 excircle, and turning the phi 60 excircle on the flat end surface;
4) Milling an upper end surface (an upper inclined surface), a groove (an inner cavity), drilling and tapping on a five-axis machining center;
5) And (5) deburring.
Equipment requirements: the device comprises a numerical control lathe, a five-axis machining center and a bench worker platform.
Processing a numerical control programming model: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the bottom surface of the boss part 5 is rectangular, the shape of the bottom surface is irregular, when UG programming is directly performed, the tool path can frequently jump, so that a plurality of risk factors exist in the processing, and the circular shape is an ideal programming shape. Thus, a solid circular base is used to envelope the base of the boss part 5. The processing schematic diagram of the UG numerical control programming three-dimensional model is shown in fig. 7, wherein the upper profile 6 is enveloped in a cylindrical profile, forming a circular boundary profile.
The five-axis linkage programming method comprises the following steps:
1) Establishing a part machining coordinate system;
2) Selecting a machining part and selecting a machining blank;
3) Creating a machining tool, namely a D4 hard alloy ball end mill;
4) Selecting a processing position;
5) The selection driving method comprises the following steps: the streamline drive is carried out, two flow curves are selected, as shown in fig. 10, the two flow curves are a thickened line A and a thickened line B respectively, and correspond to an outer contour line of the upper molded surface 6 after being expanded into a circular boundary and an outer contour line of the upper end of the cylindrical surface N respectively;
6) Selecting a projection mode: perpendicular to the drive body;
7) Selecting a cutter shaft control mode: interpolation vectors;
8) And controlling parameters such as rotating speed, feeding and the like.
The schematic diagram of the five-axis linkage machining tool path of the boss part 5 is shown in fig. 9. In fig. 9, the tool path for machining the boss part 5 is continuous, only one feed is provided, the tool path is fed from the outermost side, the tool path is fed to the inner ring step by step in a counterclockwise direction (the direction indicated by an arrow in the figure), and the tool path is retracted from the inner side (the position of the cylindrical surface N) along a broken line after continuous cutting.
What is not described in detail in the description of the invention belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art. While the present invention has been described in particular embodiments to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, but is obviously within the scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims as long as various changes are made within the spirit and scope of the present invention as one of ordinary skill in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A boss part, characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
the base comprises an upper molded surface (6), wherein the upper molded surface (6) is a curved surface, and the outer contour of the upper molded surface (6) is rectangular;
the bulge is connected to the upper molded surface (6), the bulge comprises a cylindrical surface M and a cylindrical surface N which are coaxial, the outer diameter of the cylindrical surface M is larger than that of the cylindrical surface N, the cylindrical surface N is arranged between the cylindrical surface M and the upper molded surface (6) and is connected with the upper molded surface (6), and the included angles between the cylindrical surface M and the cylindrical surface N and the upper molded surface (6) are not equal to 90 degrees;
and the through holes penetrate through the base and the bulges and are coaxial with the cylindrical surfaces M and N.
2. A convex seat part space profile machining clamp is characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
the mandrel (1), the mandrel (1) is of a rotary structure, a first included angle is formed between the upper end face of the mandrel (1) and a rotary axis, the first included angle is equal to the included angle between the upper profile (6) of the boss part (5) and the cylindrical surface M and the cylindrical surface N, a groove is formed in the upper end face of the mandrel (1), the bottom face of the groove is parallel to the upper end face of the mandrel (1), a threaded hole is formed in the bottom face of the groove, and the central axis of the threaded hole coincides with the rotary axis of the mandrel (1);
the screw (2) is inserted into the through hole of the boss part (5), and the lower end of the screw is connected with the threaded hole at the bottom surface of the groove of the mandrel (1);
the nut (3) is connected to the upper end of the screw (2) and is pressed on the upper end of the cylindrical surface M of the boss part (5).
3. A boss part space profile machining fixture as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inner contour shape of the groove is consistent with the outer contour shape of the upper molded surface (6).
4. A boss part space profile machining fixture as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inner outline size of the groove is larger than the outer outline size of the upper molded surface (6), so that when the boss part (5) is placed into the groove and clings to the bottom surface of the groove, a gap is reserved between the circumferential surface of the base of the boss part (5) and the inner side surface of the groove.
5. A boss part space profile machining fixture as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the nut is characterized by further comprising a gasket (4), wherein the gasket (4) is sleeved on the screw (2) and is arranged between the nut (3) and the end face of the boss part (5).
6. A processing method of a space profile of a convex seat part is characterized by comprising the following steps of: an upper molded surface (6) of the boss part (5) is machined by adopting five-axis linkage, and the method comprises the following steps:
a step of clamping a boss part (5), namely inserting a base of the boss part (5) into a groove of a mandrel (1) by adopting the processing clamp disclosed in claim 2, connecting the base with a threaded hole in the groove after a screw (2) passes through a through hole of the boss part (5), and then pressing the boss part (5) from the upper end of the screw (2) by using a nut (3);
modeling the convex seat part (5), wherein a cylindrical enveloping base is adopted in modeling, and the outer contour of the upper molded surface (6) is expanded from rectangular to circular;
and a five-axis linkage programming step, namely feeding the cutter once along the circumferential direction from outside to inside in a continuous uninterrupted mode by adopting a cutter rail, and continuously cutting and processing the cutter back.
7. The method for machining the space profile of the boss part according to claim 6, wherein: in the five-axis linkage programming step, a ball end milling cutter is adopted when a machining cutter is created.
8. The method for machining the space profile of the boss part according to claim 6, wherein: in the five-axis linkage programming step, streamline driving is adopted, and two flow curves are selected.
9. The method for machining the space profile of the boss part according to claim 6, wherein: in the five-axis linkage programming step, a projection mode is selected to be perpendicular to the driving body.
10. The method for machining the space profile of the boss part according to claim 6, wherein: in the five-axis linkage programming step, a cutter shaft control mode is selected as an interpolation vector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311053043.1A CN117182599A (en) | 2023-08-21 | 2023-08-21 | Convex seat part, convex seat part space profile machining method and clamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311053043.1A CN117182599A (en) | 2023-08-21 | 2023-08-21 | Convex seat part, convex seat part space profile machining method and clamp |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117182599A true CN117182599A (en) | 2023-12-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311053043.1A Pending CN117182599A (en) | 2023-08-21 | 2023-08-21 | Convex seat part, convex seat part space profile machining method and clamp |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117182599A (en) |
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- 2023-08-21 CN CN202311053043.1A patent/CN117182599A/en active Pending
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