CN117161407A - Metal 3D printer based on powder clearance structure - Google Patents
Metal 3D printer based on powder clearance structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN117161407A CN117161407A CN202311452439.3A CN202311452439A CN117161407A CN 117161407 A CN117161407 A CN 117161407A CN 202311452439 A CN202311452439 A CN 202311452439A CN 117161407 A CN117161407 A CN 117161407A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000007648 laser printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 33
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010018 discharge printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009700 powder processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a metal 3D printer based on a powder cleaning structure, which comprises a mounting frame, a printing platform, a powder stacking device, a powder cleaning device, an opening and closing control device and other components, wherein the powder stacking device comprises a stacking bearing plate, a material guide channel is formed in the stacking bearing plate, the opening and closing control device comprises an opening and closing control plate, the opening and closing control plate and the stacking bearing plate are in a tightly attached state in a normal printing state, the opening and closing control plate is controlled to move upwards in the powder cleaning state and staggered with the stacking bearing plate, so that powder can pass through the material guide channel and finally be discharged from the powder cleaning device, and an automatic powder cleaning and emptying process is realized. According to the invention, after the laser printing is finished, the metal powder can be rapidly discharged from the bottom end, so that the cleaning efficiency of the metal printing powder is improved, and the laser printing efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of powder processing, in particular to a metal 3D printer based on a powder cleaning structure.
Background
The laser printing is a production process for forming a three-dimensional workpiece by sintering the surface of the metal layer to form a specific printing shape, paving powder for multiple times and sintering; the laser printing powder needs to be paved at a preset position layer by layer, and the powder needs to be cleaned in the later period of printing so as to take out the workpiece buried in the metal powder for printing and forming.
The laser printing equipment that uses at present mostly is after printing, will print fashioned work piece jacking predetermined height through the jacking equipment of bottom to carry out the negative pressure through negative pressure equipment to the metal powder on work piece surface from the top and absorb, so that print fashioned work piece can reveal in the field of vision, be convenient for follow-up take out the work piece.
Under the traditional powder cleaning structure, a worker needs to go deep into a laser printing area to clean a workpiece, and the cleaning process occupies a printing space and influences the laser printing efficiency; meanwhile, the powder cleaning efficiency is lower through the negative pressure suction mode of the negative pressure equipment from the top, most of powder at the bottom can not be discharged through the negative pressure suction mode for printing workpieces with large size or difficult to clean, the cleaning processing still needs to be carried out independently in the subsequent processing process, the continuous process of laser printing is influenced, the laser printing period is longer, and the printing efficiency is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the metal 3D printer based on the powder cleaning structure, which can enable metal powder to be rapidly discharged from the bottom end after laser printing is finished, so that the cleaning efficiency of the metal printing powder is improved, and the laser printing efficiency is improved.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a metal 3D printer based on powder cleaning structure, comprising:
a mounting frame;
the printing platform is arranged in the mounting frame and comprises a containing box for storing printing powder;
the powder stacking device is arranged in the accommodating box and comprises a stacking bearing plate which is positioned in the accommodating box and is in sealing sliding connection with the accommodating box, and the top end of the stacking bearing plate is inwards concave to form a material guide channel;
the powder cleaning device comprises a material guide cylinder body arranged at the lower end of the stacking bearing plate, the upper end of the material guide cylinder body is communicated with the material guide channel, and the lower end of the material guide cylinder body penetrates through the accommodating box;
the opening and closing control device comprises an opening and closing control plate arranged in the material guide channel, the position of the opening and closing control plate corresponds to that of the material guide cylinder, and the opening and closing control plate can move along the up-and-down direction;
in the printing state, the stacking bearing plate is attached to the opening and closing control plate and descends synchronously; under the clearance state, open and close the control panel upwards and remove with stacking the loading board stagger to let the printing powder pass through the guide passageway and follow guide barrel and follow.
Preferably, the powder stacking device further comprises a first mounting plate, the first mounting plate is fixedly connected with the stacking bearing plate through a plurality of first connecting rods, and a first lifting control device is arranged in the mounting frame and used for controlling the first mounting plate and the stacking bearing plate to move up and down.
Preferably, the opening and closing control device further comprises a second mounting plate, the second mounting plate is connected with the opening and closing control plate through a plurality of second connecting rods, the second connecting rods are elastic telescopic rods, and the bottom end of the accommodating box is provided with a second lifting control device for controlling the second mounting plate and the opening and closing control plate to move up and down.
Preferably, the second lifting control device comprises a lifting screw rod, the lifting screw rod penetrates through the second mounting plate and is in threaded connection with the second mounting plate, and a driving assembly is arranged at the lower end of the lifting screw rod.
Preferably, the guide cylinder body comprises a first guide cylinder and a second guide cylinder which are arranged up and down, the first guide cylinder is connected with the second guide cylinder in a sealing sliding manner, a discharging pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the second guide cylinder, a cleaning helical blade is arranged in the second guide cylinder, the first lifting control device comprises a lifting control platform, the lower end of the lifting control platform is provided with a lifting assembly, and the top end of the lifting control platform is provided with an electric control device for controlling the driving assembly and the cleaning helical blade to rotate.
Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a first driving shaft, the cleaning helical blade comprises a second driving shaft, the lower ends of the first driving shaft and the second driving shaft are provided with clutch controllers, the electric control device comprises an electric control main body and a driving tail end, and the driving tail end and a power transmission end of the clutch controllers can synchronously rotate in a staggered mode.
Preferably, the printing device further comprises a T-shaped transfer rail, two groups of printing platforms are arranged in the transfer rail, and a material guiding device is arranged in the transfer rail, wherein printing powder in the first printing platform is guided into the second printing platform through the material guiding device.
Preferably, the material guiding device comprises a material guiding main body, and two ends of the material guiding main body are in sealing sliding connection with telescopic material guiding tail ends.
Preferably, the transfer track comprises a first guide rail horizontally arranged and a second guide rail vertically arranged, the second guide rail is positioned at the lower end of the first guide rail, walking parts are arranged on two sides of the accommodating box, a transition device is arranged between the first guide rail and the second guide rail, and the transition device comprises a transition block capable of horizontally extending out.
Preferably, the top end of the mounting frame is further provided with an air supply device, the air supply device comprises a sealing cover, the top end of the mounting frame is provided with a telescopic device for controlling the sealing cover to move up and down, and the side wall of the sealing cover is communicated with air supply equipment through an air supply pipeline.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
compared with the traditional negative pressure equipment for cleaning powder from the top, by arranging the powder stacking device, the powder cleaning device, the opening and closing control device and other components, after the laser printing is finished, the opening and closing control plate in the opening and closing control device moves upwards to be separated from the stacking bearing plate, so that the metal printing powder can be directionally discharged from the material guide channel, the powder can be quickly emptied from the bottom, a worker can conveniently take out a printed and formed workpiece, the time for cleaning the metal powder is shortened, and the laser printing efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the T-shaped transfer track is arranged, and the two groups of printing platforms are arranged in the transfer track to alternately collect powder and print laser, so that the second group of printing platforms can be moved to a preset position to finish laser printing when the first group of printing platforms are cleaned outside and work pieces are taken out, the two groups of printing platforms are alternately arranged, and the metal printing powder cleaning efficiency and the metal powder laser sintering printing efficiency are further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of A-A section of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the present invention at B;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a print platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the structure of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view illustrating the internal structure of the printing platform in the first state of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the printing platform in the second state of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view illustrating the internal structure of the printing platform in the third state of the present invention.
In the figure: 100. a mounting frame; 200. a printing platform; 210. a housing case; 220. an opening and closing control device; 221. a second mounting plate; 222. a second connecting rod; 223. opening and closing a control plate; 230. a powder stacking device; 231. a first mounting plate; 232. a first connecting rod; 233. stacking the bearing plates; 234. a material guiding channel; 240. a powder cleaning device; 241. a first guide cylinder; 242. a second guide cylinder; 243. cleaning the spiral blade; 250. a clutch controller; 260. a walking member; 270. a second elevation control device; 271. a drive assembly; 272. lifting screw rods; 300. a powder spreading mechanism; 400. an air supply device; 410. a sealing cover; 411. an air supply pipeline; 420. a telescoping device; 500. a transfer rail; 510. a first guide rail; 520. a second guide rail; 530. a transition device; 531. a transition block; 600. a first elevation control device; 610. a lifting control platform; 611. a support rod; 620. a lifting assembly; 630. an electric control device; 631. an electric control main body; 632. a drive end; 700. a material guiding device; 710. a guide main body; 720. and (5) guiding the tail end of the material.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1-10, a metal 3D printer based on a powder cleaning structure includes a mounting frame 100, a printing platform 200, a powder stacking device 230, a powder cleaning device 240, an opening and closing control device 220, and other components, where the powder stacking device 230 includes a stacking bearing plate 233, a material guiding channel 234 is formed in the stacking bearing plate 233, the opening and closing control device 220 includes an opening and closing control plate 223, in a normal printing state, the opening and closing control plate 223 and the stacking bearing plate 233 are in a tightly attached state, in a powder cleaning state, the opening and closing control plate 223 is controlled to move upwards and be staggered with the stacking bearing plate 233, so that powder can pass through the material guiding channel 234, and finally be discharged from the powder cleaning device 240, thereby realizing an automatic powder cleaning and emptying process; can be after equipment 3D prints through above-mentioned device, when will print fashioned work piece lifting certain height through opening and close control panel 223, can let most powder drain through the bottom, reduce the subsequent powder clearance of staff and take out the degree of difficulty of work piece, greatly improved the efficiency of 3D printing.
The printing platform 200 is arranged in the mounting frame 100, comprises a containing box 210 for storing printing powder, powder storage boxes are further arranged on two sides of the containing box 210, a powder paving mechanism 300 is arranged, powder in the powder storage boxes is paved on the surface of the printing platform 200 through the powder paving mechanism 300, a laser printing head at the upper end is used for installing a three-dimensional model of a workpiece to carry out laser sintering forming on the current layer, and after one layer of sintering is completed, the powder paving mechanism 300 is used for repeatedly paving the powder and the powder is repeatedly sintered, so that the 3D laser printing process of the workpiece is completed.
The powder stacking device 230 is arranged in the accommodating box 210 and comprises a stacking bearing plate 233 which is positioned in the accommodating box 210 and is in sealing sliding connection with the accommodating box 210, the top end of the stacking bearing plate 233 is inwards concave to form a material guiding channel 234, the surface of the material guiding channel 234 is inwards concave, and the inner wall of the material guiding channel is inclined; the on-off control device 220 comprises an on-off control plate 223 arranged in the material guide channel 234, the position of the on-off control plate 223 corresponds to the position of the material guide cylinder, the on-off control plate 223 can move along the up-down direction, in a normal state, the on-off control plate 223 is attached to the surface of the stacking bearing plate 233, printing powder is tiled on the surfaces of the on-off control plate 223 and the stacking bearing plate 233 and cannot fall from the material guide channel 234, in the printing process, the on-off control plate 223 and the stacking bearing plate 233 synchronously descend, surface powder can be driven to descend, and the on-off control plate 223 and the powder paving mechanism 300 are matched in a cooperated mode, so that laser printing of different interfaces of a workpiece Z axis is completed; here, the size of the horizontal projection surface of the opening and closing control plate 223 is smaller than the size of the horizontal projection surface of the material guiding channel 234.
Wherein powder cleaning device 240 is including installing in the guide cylinder that stacks loading board 233 lower extreme, and guide cylinder upper end is linked together with guide channel 234, and the lower extreme runs through and holds box 210, can discharge powder material and hold in the box 210 through powder cleaning device 240, realizes printing the directional discharge of powder, also is convenient for follow-up concentrated collection and processing simultaneously.
In the printing state, the stacking bearing plate 233 is attached to the opening and closing control plate 223 and descends synchronously, in the process, powder materials are prevented from being discharged from the material guide channel 234, the stability of the surface powder structure in the printing state is ensured, and the normal operation of the laser printing process is ensured; in the cleaning state, the on-off control plate 223 moves upwards to be staggered with the stacking bearing plate 233 so as to enable printing powder to be discharged from the guide cylinder through the guide channel 234, at the moment, the printing process is finished, and the on-off control plate 223 is controlled to be lifted to be staggered with the stacking bearing plate 233, so that on one hand, a printed workpiece can be lifted to a preset height, and the cleaning of residual metal powder on the surface of the printed workpiece is facilitated for staff; meanwhile, after the two materials are staggered, printing powder can be discharged from the bottom end of the gap of the material guide channel 234, so that normal emptying of the powder is ensured.
With particular reference to fig. 4, 5 and 8; the powder stacking device 230 further comprises a first mounting plate 231, the first mounting plate 231 is fixedly connected with the stacking bearing plate 233 through a plurality of first connecting rods 232, the first connecting rods 232 penetrate through the bottom end of the accommodating box 210 and slide relatively with the accommodating box, a first lifting control device 600 is arranged in the mounting frame 100 and used for controlling the first mounting plate 231 and the stacking bearing plate 233 to move up and down, in the laser printing process, the first lifting control device 600 is used for controlling the powder stacking device 230 to move downwards in an integral order, at the moment, powder on the inner surface layer of the accommodating box 210 can be staggered from the top end of the accommodating box 210 by a preset distance, and the powder laying mechanism 300 can be used for realizing layer-by-layer tiling of printing powder to realize laser sintering printing on different layer surfaces of workpieces.
The opening and closing control device 220 further comprises a second mounting plate 221, the second mounting plate 221 is connected with the opening and closing control plate 223 through a plurality of second connecting rods 222, the second connecting rods 222 are elastic telescopic rods, a second lifting control device 270 is arranged at the bottom end of the accommodating box 210 and used for controlling the second mounting plate 221 and the opening and closing control plate 223 to move up and down, and likewise, the opening and closing control plate 223 can be independently controlled to move up and down through the second lifting control device 270 and can be matched with the stacking bearing plate 233, so that synchronous movement of the two can be guaranteed, and the sealing and attaching state in a printing state can be guaranteed; meanwhile, by setting the second connecting rod 222 to be an elastic telescopic structure, on one hand, the space distance for controlling the opening and closing control board 223 to move up and down by the second lifting control device 270 can be shortened, the volume of equipment is reduced, meanwhile, by setting the elastic telescopic structure, the control difficulty between the first lifting control device 600 and the second lifting control device 270 can be reduced, the lifting speed of the stacking bearing plate 233 can be controlled by the first lifting control device 600 to be slightly faster than the lifting speed of the opening and closing control board 223, so that the lamination stability of the two can be ensured, the lamination stability of the two can be ensured while the control difficulty is reduced, and the powder leakage phenomenon can be prevented.
With particular reference to fig. 8-10; the device comprises a first state, a second state and a third state of laser printing in sequence, wherein in the first state, an opening and closing control plate 223 and a stacking bearing plate 233 are mutually attached at the top end, in the second state, the opening and closing control plate 223 and the stacking bearing plate 233 are mutually attached at the bottom end, and in the third state, the opening and closing control plate 223 is lifted and staggered with the stacking bearing plate 233, and is in a powder cleaning state at the moment; in the process of laser printing, the powder is gradually moved from a first state to a second state, and in the process of synchronously descending the opening and closing control plate 223 and the stacking bearing plate 233, the powder is tiled layer by layer, so that the 3D laser sintering printing process of the workpiece is realized; after sintering printing is finished, the second state is changed into the third state, the in-process start-stop control plate 223 is lifted to a preset height, powder at the periphery of the accommodating box 210 falls into the material guide channel 234 from two sides at the moment, and finally is discharged from the powder cleaning device 240 at the bottom end, so that automatic emptying and cleaning of the powder are realized, the powder cleaning time is greatly shortened, meanwhile, the workpiece can be lifted to be positioned at the top end, and the workpiece can be cleaned and taken out conveniently by workers.
With particular reference to fig. 8; as a preferable lifting control manner, the second lifting control device 270 includes a lifting screw 272, the lifting screw 272 penetrates through the second mounting plate 221 and is in threaded connection with the second mounting plate, a driving component 271 is arranged at the lower end of the lifting screw 272, the lifting screw 272 is controlled to rotate by the driving component 271, the lifting screw 272 can control the second mounting plate 221 to move up and down in the rotating process, and the driving control process is completed; meanwhile, for the larger size of the second mounting plate 221, two groups of lifting screws 272 can be symmetrically arranged left and right, at this time, the driving assembly 271 can be selected to be in a belt driving mode so as to ensure that the two lifting screws 272 synchronously rotate, thereby completing stable driving control on the second mounting plate 221 and realizing a lifting control process; the second lifting control device 270 is externally connected with a power source, and is integrally and detachably spliced and assembled with the accommodating box 210.
The material guiding cylinder comprises a first material guiding cylinder 241 and a second material guiding cylinder 242 which are arranged up and down, the first material guiding cylinder 241 is in sealed sliding connection with the second material guiding cylinder 242, a material discharging pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the second material guiding cylinder 242, a cleaning helical blade 243 is arranged in the second material guiding cylinder 242, the discharge of internal powder can be accelerated through the cleaning helical blade 243, the discharge efficiency of printing powder can be accelerated under the high-speed rotation of the cleaning helical blade 243, and bypass blockage in the interior is avoided; meanwhile, the material guiding cylinder bodies are arranged to be telescopic, at the moment, the position of the second material guiding cylinder 242 is relatively unchanged, and the first material guiding cylinder 241 can synchronously move up and down along with the stacking bearing plate 233, so that the stability of the whole structure is ensured; here, the diameter of the first guide cylinder 241 is larger than that of the second guide cylinder 242, and the whole body thereof is sleeved outside the second guide cylinder 242.
The first lifting control device 600 includes a lifting control platform 610, a lifting assembly 620 is disposed at the lower end of the lifting control platform 610, an electric control device 630 is disposed at the top end of the lifting control platform 610, and is used for controlling the driving assembly 271 and the cleaning helical blade 243 to rotate, and it should be further described herein that a plurality of supporting rods 611 are fixedly disposed on the surface of the lifting control platform 610, so that the equipment can be moved up and down integrally in the lifting control process, so as to lift the accommodating box 210, and meanwhile, the opening and closing control device 220 and part of the powder stacking device 230 can be staggered, enough accommodating space is provided, and collision of the whole in the lifting process is avoided.
Referring specifically to fig. 5, as a preferred driving manner, the driving assembly 271 includes a first driving shaft, the cleaning screw blade 243 includes a second driving shaft, the lower ends of the first driving shaft and the second driving shaft are provided with a clutch controller 250, the clutch controller 250 can control the independent power output to control the independent rotation of the first driving shaft and the second driving shaft, so as to realize independent on-off clutch control, and the electric control device 630 includes an electric control main body 631 and a driving tail end 632, the driving tail end 632 and a power transmission end of the clutch controller 250 can synchronously rotate in a staggered manner, the driving tail end 632 and the power transmission end of the clutch controller 250 are detachably and coaxially connected, during the lifting control, the lifting control platform 610 is controlled to be lifted by the lifting assembly 620, and after the lifting control platform 610 is lifted to a predetermined position, the driving tail end 632 can be accurately butted with the power transmission end of the clutch controller 250, so as to realize stable power transmission; meanwhile, the size of the driving tail end 632 can be selected to be larger than that of the power transmission end of the clutch controller 250, a rotary connecting groove and a rotary connecting pin block are arranged between the driving tail end 632 and the power transmission end, after the driving tail end 632 is lifted stably, the connecting pin block is inserted into the connecting groove, and the driving tail end 632 and the power transmission end are locked, so that the butting stability is ensured; after the docking is stable, the powder stacking device continues to rise to a preset height, and the supporting rod 611 at the top end can be lifted to a preset height, so that the powder stacking device can be abutted against the bottom end of the powder stacking device 230, and the lifting control process of the powder stacking device 230 is completed.
With particular reference to fig. 3 and 4; in order to further improve the efficiency of the laser printing process, the printer further comprises a T-shaped transfer rail 500, two groups of printing platforms 200 are arranged in the transfer rail 500, a material guiding device 700 is arranged in the transfer rail 500, wherein printing powder in the first printing platform 200 is guided into the second printing platform 200 through the material guiding device 700, after the first group of printing platforms 200 are subjected to laser printing, the whole printing powder in the first group of printing platforms 200 is controlled to be in a third state, namely in a state shown in fig. 10, at the moment, the printing powder in the first group of printing platforms 200 is discharged from the bottom end of the printing platform 200 and can be directionally discharged into the second group of printing platforms 200, the directional fixed-point collection of the printing powder is finished, the second group of printing platforms 200 are controlled to be in a laser printing position in the subsequent printing process, the continuous laser printing process can be finished, the time of powder tiling and powder reprocessing is shortened, and after the positions of the two printing platforms 200 are exchanged, the printing molded workpiece can be taken out in the outside, and the efficiency of laser sintering printing is greatly improved.
It should be noted that, during the process of powder emptying, in the state shown in fig. 4, the first printing platform 200 is in the upper printing position, and in the third state shown in fig. 10; the second print platform 200 is located at the bottom end of the T-shaped transfer rail 500, is in the second state of fig. 9, is arranged in parallel and has a height difference, and the first print platform 200 can discharge printing powder into the second print platform 200 below in the process of exhausting the powder, so that the orientation of the printing powder is realized, and workers can tile the powder in the print platform 200 from the outside, thereby facilitating the subsequent laser sintering printing.
It should be noted that, the positions of the two printing platforms 200 may be exchanged, specifically, after the powder of the first printing platform 200 is emptied, the first printing platform 200 is controlled to horizontally move to the outer relative position, so as to complete the subsequent operations of taking out the workpiece; at this time, the laser printing position in the device is free, the second printing platform 200 is controlled to move to the laser printing position, the laser sintering printing process can be continuously completed, the cleaning, material taking and printing time of one printing platform 200 is shortened, the printing time can be mutually filled, and the laser sintering printing efficiency is greatly improved.
The material guiding device 700 comprises a material guiding main body 710, two ends of the material guiding main body 710 are hermetically and slidably connected with telescopic material guiding tail ends 720, the material guiding tail ends 720 can be controlled through pneumatic equipment, in the material guiding process, the material guiding tail ends 720 on two sides extend out through the pneumatic equipment, the lengths of the two sides of the material guiding main body 710 are prolonged, the material guiding tail ends 720 on a first side can be accurately abutted with the powder cleaning device 240 above, in particular, the material guiding tail ends 720 on a second side can be accurately abutted with a material discharging pipeline on the side wall of the powder cleaning device 240, normal discharge of printing powder is guaranteed, the material guiding tail ends 720 on a second side can extend out and then are positioned above the second printing platform 200, the printing powder can fall into the containing box 210 of the printing platform 200, and fixed-point collection of the powder is completed; meanwhile, the guide device 700 may be inclined or provided with a deflection structure, and after the printing powder in the upper printing platform 200 is emptied, the main body of the guide device 700 is controlled to deflect by a predetermined angle so as to facilitate the discharge of the residual powder inside.
The transfer rail 500 comprises a first guide rail 510 which is horizontally arranged and a second guide rail 520 which is vertically arranged, the second guide rail 520 is positioned at the lower end of the first guide rail 510, the two sides of the accommodating box 210 are provided with the traveling parts 260, the traveling parts 260 comprise a positioning shaft and a traveling sleeve which is arranged at the outer side of the positioning shaft, the two traveling parts are rotationally connected through a bearing, a transition device 530 is arranged between the first guide rail 510 and the second guide rail 520, the transition device 530 comprises a transition block 531 which can horizontally extend, wherein the transition block 531 of the transition device 530 is controlled to extend in the process of horizontally traveling the printing platform 200 in the first guide rail 510, so that the gap at the joint of the first guide rail 510 and the second guide rail 520 can be compensated, the transition block 531 can relatively stably pass through the first guide rail 510, and the transition block 531 is prevented from falling into the second guide rail 520 below; before the printing platform 200 in the second guide rail 520 moves to the laser printing position, the transition block 531 is contracted and staggered, at this time, the walking part 260 on the side wall of the second printing platform 200 can move to the position where the second guide rail 520 is connected with the first guide rail 510, and then move to the position where laser printing is performed, so that the relay printing process of the two printing platforms 200 is completed, the gap that the first printing platform 200 is cleaned and material is taken is filled, and meanwhile, the collected powder can be directly used for next laser printing, and the efficiency of laser printing is greatly improved.
In order to further improve the cleaning rate of powder cleaning in the accommodating box 210, meanwhile, cleaning some pipelines at the tail end, an air supply device 400 is further arranged at the top end of the mounting frame 100, the air supply device 400 comprises a sealing cover 410, a telescopic device 420 is arranged at the top end of the mounting frame 100 and used for controlling the sealing cover 410 to move up and down, the side wall of the sealing cover 410 is communicated with air supply equipment through an air supply pipeline 411, in the cleaning process, the telescopic device 420 is used for driving the sealing cover 410 to descend, the sealing cover 410 is controlled to be attached to the surface of the accommodating box 210, and a flexible sealing device is arranged at the joint to prevent printing powder from escaping from a gap; after the butt joint is sealed, the air supply device pumps high-pressure gas into the control sealing cover 410 and the accommodating box 210 through the air supply pipeline 411, the position of the air supply pipeline 411 is located at the position of the edge tangential direction, internal printing powder, especially residual powder on the surface of the opposite workpiece, can be efficiently cleaned, most of the powder in the accommodating box 210 can be cleaned, the stage is suitable for the later stage of powder cleaning, after most of the printing powder is emptied through the material guide channel 234, the residual part of powder is quickly emptied under the action of wind flow, the cleaning efficiency of subsequent workers is reduced, meanwhile, the emptying effect of the powder in the connecting pipeline at the tail end can be ensured, especially, the residual printing powder in the material guide device 700 is avoided, the influence on the subsequent butt joint or the overflow of the printing powder is avoided, and the normal sintering printing process of the equipment is ensured.
Printing process matched with printer
S1, moving to a preset laser printing area on the first printing platform 200, meanwhile, laying printing powder on the surface of the accommodating box 210 through the powder laying mechanism 300, enabling the printing powder to be laid on the surface of the accommodating box 210, completing laser sintering of the layer after one-time laying, controlling the layer to descend by a preset height after one-time laser sintering, completing secondary laying of the printing powder through the powder laying mechanism 300, completing secondary laser sintering after the secondary laying, repeating the steps, and completing 3D laser sintering printing of a workpiece.
S2, after the workpiece is sintered and printed, the opening and closing control plate 223 is controlled to be lifted to a preset height and staggered with the stacking bearing plate 233, namely, the state shown in fig. 10 is achieved; at this time, the printing powder can be rapidly discharged from the material guiding channel 234 and the powder cleaning device 240, and discharged into the second accommodating box 210 below, so that the directional collection of the printing powder can be completed, and meanwhile, after the workpiece is lifted, the workpiece can be conveniently cleaned by a worker and then taken out.
S3, after the printing powder in the first accommodating box 210 is cleaned, the printing powder is moved to the opposite side along the first guide rail 510, and fine cleaning and subsequent taking out of the workpiece are finished at the outer side; meanwhile, the second printing platform 200 below is moved to the laser printing area on the inner side of the first guide rail 510 through the second guide rail 520, so that the laser sintering printing process again can be completed, continuous laser sintering printing is realized, and the laser printing efficiency of the whole equipment is improved.
After the first printing platform 200 workpiece is taken out, the workpiece is moved to the bottom end of the second guide rail 520, after the second printing platform 200 laser sintering printing is finished, printing powder in the second printing platform 200 can be discharged into the first printing platform 200 in a powder cleaning stage, continuous directional cleaning and discharging of the printing powder are completed, continuous operation procedures are guaranteed, and the processing efficiency of the whole laser sintering printing process is improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. Metal 3D printer based on powder clearance structure, its characterized in that includes:
a mounting frame (100);
a printing platform (200) arranged in the mounting frame (100) and comprising a containing box (210) for storing printing powder;
the powder stacking device (230) is arranged in the accommodating box (210) and comprises a stacking bearing plate (233) which is positioned in the accommodating box (210) and is in sealing sliding connection with the accommodating box, and the top end of the stacking bearing plate (233) is inwards concave to form a material guide channel (234);
the powder cleaning device (240) comprises a guide cylinder body arranged at the lower end of the stacking bearing plate (233), the upper end of the guide cylinder body is communicated with the guide channel (234), and the lower end of the guide cylinder body penetrates through the accommodating box (210);
the opening and closing control device (220) comprises an opening and closing control plate (223) arranged in the material guide channel (234), the position of the opening and closing control plate (223) corresponds to the position of the material guide cylinder, and the opening and closing control plate (223) can move along the up-and-down direction;
in the printing state, the stacking bearing plate (233) is attached to the opening and closing control plate (223) and descends synchronously; in the cleaning state, the opening and closing control plate (223) moves upwards to be staggered with the stacking bearing plate (233) so as to enable printing powder to be discharged from the guide cylinder body through the guide channel (234).
2. The metal 3D printer based on the powder cleaning structure according to claim 1, wherein the powder stacking device (230) further comprises a first mounting plate (231), the first mounting plate (231) is fixedly connected with the stacking bearing plate (233) through a plurality of first connecting rods (232), and a first lifting control device (600) is arranged in the mounting frame (100) and used for controlling the first mounting plate (231) and the stacking bearing plate (233) to move up and down.
3. The metal 3D printer based on the powder cleaning structure according to claim 2, wherein the opening and closing control device (220) further comprises a second mounting plate (221), the second mounting plate (221) is connected with the opening and closing control plate (223) through a plurality of second connecting rods (222), the second connecting rods (222) are elastic telescopic rods, and a second lifting control device (270) is arranged at the bottom end of the accommodating box (210) and used for controlling the second mounting plate (221) and the opening and closing control plate (223) to move up and down.
4. A metal 3D printer based on a powder cleaning structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the second lifting control device (270) comprises a lifting screw (272), the lifting screw (272) penetrates through the second mounting plate (221) and is in threaded connection with the second mounting plate, and a driving assembly (271) is arranged at the lower end of the lifting screw (272).
5. The metal 3D printer based on the powder cleaning structure according to claim 4, wherein the material guiding cylinder comprises a first material guiding cylinder (241) and a second material guiding cylinder (242) which are arranged up and down, the first material guiding cylinder (241) is in sealed sliding connection with the second material guiding cylinder (242), a material discharging pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the second material guiding cylinder (242), cleaning helical blades (243) are arranged in the second material guiding cylinder (242), the first lifting control device (600) comprises a lifting control platform (610), a lifting assembly (620) is arranged at the lower end of the lifting control platform (610), and an electric control device (630) is arranged at the top end of the lifting control platform (610) and used for controlling the driving assembly (271) and the cleaning helical blades (243) to rotate.
6. The metal 3D printer based on the powder cleaning structure according to claim 5, wherein the driving assembly (271) comprises a first driving shaft, the cleaning screw blade (243) comprises a second driving shaft, the clutch controller (250) is mounted at the lower ends of the first driving shaft and the second driving shaft, the electric control device (630) comprises an electric control main body (631) and a driving tail end (632), and the driving tail end (632) and a power transmission end of the clutch controller (250) can synchronously rotate in a staggered manner.
7. The metal 3D printer based on the powder cleaning structure according to claim 1, further comprising a T-shaped transfer rail (500), wherein two groups of printing platforms (200) are arranged in the transfer rail (500), and a material guiding device (700) is arranged in the transfer rail (500), wherein the printing powder in the first printing platform (200) is guided into the second printing platform (200) through the material guiding device (700).
8. The metal 3D printer based on the powder cleaning structure according to claim 7, wherein the material guiding device (700) comprises a material guiding main body (710), and two ends of the material guiding main body (710) are in sealing sliding connection with telescopic material guiding tail ends (720).
9. The metal 3D printer based on the powder cleaning structure according to claim 7, wherein the transfer rail (500) comprises a first guide rail (510) horizontally arranged and a second guide rail (520) vertically arranged, the second guide rail (520) is located at the lower end of the first guide rail (510), walking components (260) are installed on two sides of the accommodating box (210), a transition device (530) is arranged between the first guide rail (510) and the second guide rail (520), and the transition device (530) comprises a transition block (531) capable of horizontally extending.
10. The metal 3D printer based on the powder cleaning structure according to claim 1, wherein an air supply device (400) is further arranged at the top end of the mounting frame (100), the air supply device (400) comprises a sealing cover (410), a telescopic device (420) is arranged at the top end of the mounting frame (100) and used for controlling the sealing cover (410) to move up and down, and air supply equipment is communicated with the side wall of the sealing cover (410) through an air supply pipeline (411).
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| CN117161407B (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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