CN117146256B - Method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy - Google Patents
Method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN117146256B CN117146256B CN202311110308.7A CN202311110308A CN117146256B CN 117146256 B CN117146256 B CN 117146256B CN 202311110308 A CN202311110308 A CN 202311110308A CN 117146256 B CN117146256 B CN 117146256B
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000758789 Juglans Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/39—Apparatus for the preparation thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The application provides a method for co-production of active carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy, which is characterized in that pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis of biomass in a tube side in a carbonization furnace is led into a combustion furnace to be combusted, high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace flows back to a shell side of the carbonization furnace, and the biomass in the tube side in the carbonization furnace is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized by the high-temperature flue gas, so that pyrolysis gas is self-produced and sold, energy and heat are self-produced and sold, basically self-circulation is realized, and no external energy is needed or basically not needed during carbonization; the low-temperature flue gas carbonized in the shell pass of the carbonization furnace is led into a waste heat boiler, water in a circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler absorbs heat of the low-temperature flue gas and then turns into water vapor, the heat in the low-temperature flue gas is further recovered in a mode of producing the water vapor, and the water vapor has various purposes in a factory; thereby recovering the heat in the system, improving the energy utilization rate and realizing the energy conservation and consumption reduction of the activated carbon production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of activated carbon production processes, and particularly relates to a method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy.
Background
Activated carbon is a specially treated carbon in which organic raw materials (shells, coal, wood, etc.) are heated in an air-tight condition to reduce non-carbon components (this process is called carbonization), and then reacted with gas, the surface is eroded, and a structure with developed micropores is produced (this process is called activation). Is prepared from solid carbonaceous material (such as coal, wood, hard fruit shell, fruit core, resin, etc.) through high-temp charring at 600-900 deg.C under air-insulating condition, and oxidizing and activating with air, carbon dioxide, water vapour or their mixture at 400-900 deg.C. The activation process is a microscopic process, i.e., the surface erosion of a large number of molecular carbides is punctiform erosion, thus resulting in numerous fine pores on the surface of the activated carbon. The diameter of micropores on the surface of the active carbon is mostly between 2 and 50nm, and the surface area of each gram of active carbon is 500 to 1500m 2 。
The production of the activated carbon also needs to improve the energy utilization rate and also needs to save energy and reduce consumption.
Therefore, how to optimize the production of the activated carbon, improve the energy utilization rate, realize energy conservation and consumption reduction is a technical problem which needs to be solved by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for co-production of active carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
the production system comprises a carbonization furnace, a combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler;
the carbonization furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, the carbonization furnace comprises an outer shell and an inner pipeline, biomass is placed in a tube cavity in the carbonization furnace, the biomass in the tube cavity is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized under the condition of isolating air, and an air outlet of the tube cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace so as to guide pyrolysis gas generated by biomass pyrolysis into the combustion furnace;
the pyrolysis gas and air are subjected to combustion reaction in a combustion furnace to generate high-temperature flue gas;
the air outlet of the combustion furnace is communicated with the air inlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, so that high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace is guided into the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas in the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace carries out dividing wall radiation heating on biomass in the pipe inner cavity to heat the biomass to pyrolysis temperature and carbonization temperature;
the air outlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler so as to guide low-temperature flue gas generated by the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace into the waste heat boiler, and water in the circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler absorbs heat of the low-temperature flue gas and becomes water vapor;
and cooling, dedusting, neutralizing and scrubbing the flue gas discharged from a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler, and discharging the flue gas into the atmosphere.
Preferably, the combustion furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, and comprises an inner pipeline and an outer shell, and carbonized materials produced by a cavity in a tube of the carbonization furnace are transferred into the cavity in the tube of the combustion furnace in a thermal state;
the pyrolysis gas burns in the shell cavity in the combustion furnace, and the heat generated by the combustion carries out partition wall heating on the carbonized material in the tube cavity in the combustion furnace;
introducing the water vapor produced by the waste heat boiler into a cavity in a pipe of a combustion furnace, and activating carbonized materials in the combustion furnace by utilizing the water vapor while heating a combustion partition wall to obtain finished activated carbon;
the gas outlet of the tube cavity of the combustion furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler so as to guide the activated waste gas generated by the tube cavity of the combustion furnace into the waste heat boiler, and water in the circulating heat exchange water tube in the waste heat boiler absorbs the heat of the activated waste gas and becomes water vapor.
Preferably, the biomass comprises wood, coconut shell, palm kernel, and walnut shell.
Preferably, in the carbonization furnace, biomass firstly passes through a pre-drying stage with the temperature of 200-220 ℃ in the heating process, then passes through a pyrolysis stage with the temperature of 200-350 ℃ and a softening stage, and finally enters a carbonization stage with the temperature of 350-500 ℃.
Preferably, in the combustion furnace, the air excess coefficient is controlled to be 1.05-1.35, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas at the air outlet is controlled to be 1000-1200 ℃.
Preferably, in the waste heat boiler, the temperature of low-temperature flue gas at the air inlet is controlled to be 500-700 ℃, and the temperature of discharged flue gas is controlled to be 120-150 ℃;
the pressure of the generated water vapor is controlled to be 0.2MPa-0.8MPa, and the temperature of the generated water vapor is 132-174 ℃.
Preferably, the spiral blades for conveying the granular materials are arranged in the pipe inner cavity of the carbonization furnace and the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace, and the granular materials in the pipe inner cavity are pushed to move from the feeding hole to the discharging hole by the rotating spiral blades and finally discharged from the discharging hole of the pipe inner cavity.
Preferably, in the combustion furnace, the activation temperature of the carbonized material in the cavity in the tube is 900-1050 ℃.
The application has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) In this application, with the pyrolysis gas introduction combustion furnace that biomass pyrolysis produced in the tube side in the retort, pyrolysis gas is combustible gas, pyrolysis gas's composition includes hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon compound, nitrogen gas, oxygen, carbon dioxide etc. in the shell side of retort, the high temperature flue gas that the retort produced flows back to the retort, utilize high temperature flue gas to heat, pyrolysis and carbomorphism to the living beings in the tube side in the retort, so pyrolysis gas self-production is from the round pin, energy and heat self-production are from the round pin, self-sufficient self-circulation basically, the living beings in the retort need not when having realized facing to the heating of the living beings in the retort or need not external energy basically, thereby energy utilization has been improved, energy saving and consumption reduction of active carbon production have been realized.
(2) In this application, after the heating to living beings is accomplished to high temperature flue gas in the retort, most heat is absorbed away, contained heat is showing and is reduced and is led to the temperature reduction, become low temperature flue gas, and further, in leading into exhaust-heat boiler with this low temperature flue gas, become steam after the heat of low temperature flue gas is absorbed to the water in the circulating heat transfer water pipe in the exhaust-heat boiler, with the heat in the low temperature flue gas of the mode of output steam further recovery, steam has many uses in the factory, thereby the heat in the system has been retrieved further, the energy utilization of entire system has been improved, energy saving and consumption reduction of active carbon production has been realized.
(3) The burning furnace is designed into a shell-and-tube structure, pyrolysis gas is combusted in the shell side, flame heating is directly carried out on carbonized materials in the tube side by utilizing the combustion of the pyrolysis gas, and the carbonized materials are activated in the tube side, so that the burning furnace can be combusted and activated, the space of a hearth is fully utilized, the problems that carbonization and activation are two separate systems in the existing production are changed, functions are concentrated and comprehensive, carbonization and activation can be realized, and on-site combustion on-site heating is realized, the part of heat does not need to be conveyed for a certain distance, heat is consumed on site, and the rest of heat is fed into the carbonization furnace through high-temperature flue gas, so that the energy utilization rate of the whole system is further improved, and the energy conservation and consumption reduction of activated carbon production are realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy according to an embodiment of the present application (in fig. 1, the open arrow represents the moving direction of solid materials, the solid black arrow represents the flowing direction of gas, and the sine wave curve represents helical blades);
in the figure: an outer shell of the carbonization furnace 101 and an inner pipeline of the carbonization furnace 102;
an outer shell of the combustion furnace 201, an inner pipe of the combustion furnace 202;
3 waste heat boiler, 301 waste heat boiler's steam drum.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in the figure: an outer housing 101 of the carbonization furnace, an inner pipe 102 of the carbonization furnace; an outer housing 201 of the burner, an inner conduit 202 of the burner; waste heat boiler 3, steam drum 301 of waste heat boiler 3.
The application provides a method for co-production of active carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy, wherein a production system comprises a carbonization furnace, a combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler 3;
the carbonization furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, the carbonization furnace comprises an outer shell and an inner pipeline, biomass is placed in a tube cavity in the carbonization furnace, the biomass in the tube cavity is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized under the condition of isolating air, and an air outlet of the tube cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace so as to guide pyrolysis gas generated by biomass pyrolysis into the combustion furnace;
the pyrolysis gas and air are subjected to combustion reaction in a combustion furnace to generate high-temperature flue gas;
the air outlet of the combustion furnace is communicated with the air inlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, so that high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace is guided into the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas in the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace carries out dividing wall radiation heating on biomass in the pipe inner cavity to heat the biomass to pyrolysis temperature and carbonization temperature;
the air outlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 so as to guide low-temperature flue gas generated by the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace into the waste heat boiler 3, and water in a circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler 3 absorbs heat of the low-temperature flue gas and becomes water vapor;
and the flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 3 is discharged into the atmosphere after being cooled, dedusted, neutralized and scrubbed.
In the application, only pyrolysis gas and air in the combustion furnace are subjected to combustion reaction, so that space in the combustion furnace is wasted, the function is single, and the generated heat is not used at present, but is required to be changed into high-temperature flue gas and then is conveyed to the carbonization furnace for use through a certain distance, and in the conveying process of the certain distance, heat loss inevitably exists, so that the energy utilization rate is reduced;
for this purpose, in one embodiment of the present application, the combustion furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, and the combustion furnace includes an inner pipe and an outer shell, and the carbonized material produced by the tube cavity of the carbonization furnace is transferred into the tube cavity in the combustion furnace in a thermal state;
the pyrolysis gas burns in the shell cavity in the combustion furnace, and the heat generated by the combustion carries out partition wall heating on the carbonized material in the tube cavity in the combustion furnace;
introducing the water vapor produced by the waste heat boiler 3 into a cavity in a pipe of a combustion furnace, heating a combustion partition wall, and activating carbonized materials in the combustion furnace by utilizing the water vapor to obtain finished activated carbon;
the gas outlet of the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 so as to guide the activated waste gas generated by the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace into the waste heat boiler 3, and water in the circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler 3 absorbs the heat of the activated waste gas and becomes water vapor;
the utility model provides a with the burning furnace design shell-and-tube structure, burning pyrolysis gas in the shell side, utilize the burning of pyrolysis gas directly to carry out flame heating to the carbonization material in the tube side, activate the carbonization material in the tube side, so first, this burning furnace both can burn and can activate, make full use of furnace space, the carbonization is two divided systems's problem with the activation in having changed current production, the function is various concentrated comprehensively, carbonization and activation are all can be realized, second site combustion site heating, this part heat need not one section distance transport, the site production heat site consumes heat, the heat of remainder is sent into the carbonization furnace through high temperature flue gas again, so further improved the energy utilization of entire system, energy saving and consumption reduction of active carbon production have been realized.
In one embodiment of the present application, the biomass comprises: wood (including fruit wood), coconut shells, palm kernel, and walnut shells.
In one embodiment of the application, in the carbonization furnace, biomass firstly passes through a pre-drying stage with the temperature of 200-220 ℃ in the heating process, then passes through a pyrolysis and softening stage with the temperature of 200-350 ℃ and finally enters a carbonization stage with the temperature of 350-500 ℃.
In one embodiment of the application, in the combustion furnace, the air excess coefficient is controlled to be 1.05-1.35, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas at the air outlet is controlled to be 1000-1200 ℃.
In one embodiment of the application, in the waste heat boiler 3, the temperature of low-temperature flue gas at the air inlet is controlled to be 500-700 ℃, and the temperature of the discharged flue gas is controlled to be 120-150 ℃;
the pressure of the generated water vapor is controlled to be 0.2MPa-0.8MPa, and the temperature of the generated water vapor is controlled to be 132-174 ℃.
In one embodiment of the application, the spiral blades used for conveying the granular materials are arranged in the pipe inner cavity of the carbonization furnace and the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace, and the granular materials in the pipe inner cavity are pushed to move from the feeding hole to the discharging hole by the rotating spiral blades and finally discharged from the discharging hole of the pipe inner cavity.
In one embodiment of the present application, the activation temperature of the char material in the tube cavity in the furnace is 900-1050 ℃.
In this application, when production system starts, can burn combustible such as natural gas and produce high temperature flue gas in the combustion furnace, lead into in the retort and heat, pyrolysis and carbomorphism, along with pyrolysis gas increases gradually, replace natural gas gradually, realize pyrolysis gas's self-production from selling self-heating, no longer or basically no longer need external energy.
In the present application, the waste heat boiler 3 refers to a boiler that heats water to a certain temperature by using waste heat in waste gas, waste material or waste liquid in various industrial processes and heat generated after combustion of combustible substances thereof, and the waste heat boiler 3 can produce hot water or steam for use in other working sections through waste heat recovery.
The method and the device which are not described in detail in the invention are all the prior art and are not described in detail.
The present invention will be further specifically illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention, but rather as falling within the scope of the present invention, for some non-essential modifications and adaptations of the invention that are apparent to those skilled in the art based on the foregoing disclosure.
Example 1
The production system comprises a carbonization furnace, a combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler 3;
the carbonization furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, the carbonization furnace comprises an outer shell and an inner pipeline, biomass is placed in a tube cavity in the carbonization furnace, the biomass in the tube cavity is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized under the condition of isolating air, and an air outlet of the tube cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace so as to guide pyrolysis gas generated by biomass pyrolysis into the combustion furnace;
the pyrolysis gas and air are subjected to combustion reaction in a combustion furnace to generate high-temperature flue gas;
the air outlet of the combustion furnace is communicated with the air inlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, so that high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace is guided into the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas in the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace carries out dividing wall radiation heating on biomass in the pipe inner cavity to heat the biomass to pyrolysis temperature and carbonization temperature;
the air outlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 so as to guide low-temperature flue gas generated by the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace into the waste heat boiler 3, and water in a circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler 3 absorbs heat of the low-temperature flue gas and becomes water vapor;
cooling, dedusting, neutralizing and scrubbing the flue gas discharged from a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 3, and discharging the flue gas into the atmosphere;
biomass includes wood, fruit tree, coconut shell, palm kernel, walnut shell, and the like;
in the carbonization furnace, biomass firstly passes through a pre-drying stage with the temperature of 210-220 ℃, then passes through a pyrolysis stage with the temperature of 320-350 ℃ and finally enters a carbonization stage with the temperature of 450-500 ℃ in the heating process;
in a combustion furnace, controlling the air excess coefficient to be 1.25-1.35, and controlling the temperature of high-temperature flue gas at an air outlet to be 1100-1200 ℃;
in the waste heat boiler 3, the temperature of low-temperature flue gas at the air inlet is controlled to be 600-700 ℃, and the temperature of discharged flue gas is controlled to be 140-150 ℃;
the pressure of the generated water vapor is controlled to be 0.6MPa-0.8MPa, and the temperature of the generated water vapor is controlled to be 150-160 ℃.
Example 2
The production system comprises a carbonization furnace, a combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler 3;
the carbonization furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, the carbonization furnace comprises an outer shell and an inner pipeline, biomass is placed in a tube cavity in the carbonization furnace, the biomass in the tube cavity is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized under the condition of isolating air, and an air outlet of the tube cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace so as to guide pyrolysis gas generated by biomass pyrolysis into the combustion furnace;
the pyrolysis gas and air are subjected to combustion reaction in a combustion furnace to generate high-temperature flue gas;
the air outlet of the combustion furnace is communicated with the air inlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, so that high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace is guided into the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas in the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace carries out dividing wall radiation heating on biomass in the pipe inner cavity to heat the biomass to pyrolysis temperature and carbonization temperature;
the air outlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 so as to guide low-temperature flue gas generated by the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace into the waste heat boiler 3, and water in a circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler 3 absorbs heat of the low-temperature flue gas and becomes water vapor;
cooling, dedusting, neutralizing and scrubbing the flue gas discharged from a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 3, and discharging the flue gas into the atmosphere;
the combustion furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure and comprises an inner pipeline and an outer shell, and carbonized materials produced by a cavity in a tube of the carbonization furnace are transferred into the cavity in the tube of the combustion furnace in a thermal state;
the pyrolysis gas burns in the shell cavity in the combustion furnace, and the heat generated by the combustion carries out partition wall heating on the carbonized material in the tube cavity in the combustion furnace;
introducing the water vapor produced by the waste heat boiler 3 into a cavity in a pipe of a combustion furnace, heating a combustion partition wall, and activating carbonized materials in the combustion furnace by utilizing the water vapor to obtain finished activated carbon;
the gas outlet of the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 so as to guide the activated waste gas generated by the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace into the waste heat boiler 3, and water in the circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler 3 absorbs the heat of the activated waste gas and becomes water vapor;
biomass includes wood, fruit tree, coconut shell, palm kernel, walnut shell, and the like;
in the carbonization furnace, biomass firstly passes through a pre-drying stage at 205-215 ℃, then passes through a pyrolysis stage at 320-340 ℃ and a softening stage at 470-490 ℃ in the heating process, and finally enters into a carbonization stage at 470-490 ℃;
in a combustion furnace, controlling the air excess coefficient to be 1.20-1.30, and controlling the temperature of high-temperature flue gas at an air outlet to be 1100-1160 ℃;
in the waste heat boiler 3, the temperature of low-temperature flue gas at the air inlet is controlled to be 600-680 ℃, and the temperature of discharged flue gas is controlled to be 130-140 ℃;
controlling the pressure of the generated water vapor to be 0.65MPa-0.7MPa, and controlling the temperature of the generated water vapor to be 155-165 ℃;
spiral blades for conveying the granular materials are arranged in the pipe inner cavity of the carbonization furnace and the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace, and the granular materials in the pipe inner cavity are pushed to move from a feed inlet to a discharge outlet by the aid of the rotating spiral blades and finally discharged from the discharge outlet of the pipe inner cavity;
in the combustion furnace, the activation temperature of the carbonized material in the cavity in the tube is 1000-1050 ℃.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. The method for co-producing the activated carbon and the steam and comprehensively utilizing the heat energy is characterized in that a production system comprises a carbonization furnace, a combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler;
the carbonization furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, the carbonization furnace comprises an outer shell and an inner pipeline, biomass is placed in a tube cavity in the carbonization furnace, the biomass in the tube cavity is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized under the condition of isolating air, and an air outlet of the tube cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace so as to guide pyrolysis gas generated by biomass pyrolysis into the combustion furnace;
the pyrolysis gas and air are subjected to combustion reaction in a combustion furnace to generate high-temperature flue gas;
the air outlet of the combustion furnace is communicated with the air inlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, so that high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace is guided into the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas in the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace carries out dividing wall radiation heating on biomass in the pipe inner cavity to heat the biomass to pyrolysis temperature and carbonization temperature;
the air outlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler so as to guide low-temperature flue gas generated by the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace into the waste heat boiler, and water in the circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler absorbs heat of the low-temperature flue gas and becomes water vapor;
cooling, dedusting, neutralizing and scrubbing the flue gas discharged from a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler, and discharging the flue gas into the atmosphere;
the combustion furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure and comprises an inner pipeline and an outer shell, and carbonized materials produced by a cavity in a tube of the carbonization furnace are transferred into the cavity in the tube of the combustion furnace in a thermal state;
the pyrolysis gas burns in the shell cavity in the combustion furnace, and the heat generated by the combustion carries out partition wall heating on the carbonized material in the tube cavity in the combustion furnace;
introducing the water vapor produced by the waste heat boiler into a cavity in a pipe of a combustion furnace, and activating carbonized materials in the combustion furnace by utilizing the water vapor while heating a combustion partition wall to obtain finished activated carbon;
the gas outlet of the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler so as to guide the activated waste gas generated by the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace into the waste heat boiler, and water in the circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler absorbs the heat of the activated waste gas and then turns into water vapor;
in the carbonization furnace, biomass firstly passes through a pre-drying stage with the temperature of 200-220 ℃, then passes through a pyrolysis stage with the temperature of 200-350 ℃ and a softening stage, and finally enters a carbonization stage with the temperature of 350-500 ℃;
in the combustion furnace, the activation temperature of the carbonized material in the cavity in the tube is 900-1050 ℃.
2. The method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy according to claim 1, wherein the biomass comprises wood, coconut shell, palm kernel and walnut shell.
3. The method for co-production and comprehensive utilization of heat energy by active carbon and steam according to claim 1, wherein in the combustion furnace, the air excess coefficient is controlled to be 1.05-1.35, and the temperature of high-temperature flue gas at the air outlet is controlled to be 1000-1200 ℃.
4. The method for co-production of active carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy according to claim 1, wherein in the waste heat boiler, the temperature of low-temperature flue gas at the air inlet is controlled to be 500-700 ℃, and the temperature of the discharged flue gas is controlled to be 120-150 ℃;
the pressure of the generated water vapor is controlled to be 0.2MPa-0.8MPa, and the temperature of the generated water vapor is 132-174 ℃.
5. The method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy according to claim 1, wherein the spiral blades for conveying the granular materials are arranged in the pipe cavity of the carbonization furnace and the pipe cavity of the combustion furnace, and the granular materials in the pipe cavity are pushed to move from the feeding hole to the discharging hole by the rotating spiral blades and finally discharged from the discharging hole of the pipe cavity.
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