CN117136662A - Biological straw farmland improvement method and application thereof - Google Patents
Biological straw farmland improvement method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117136662A CN117136662A CN202110045742.6A CN202110045742A CN117136662A CN 117136662 A CN117136662 A CN 117136662A CN 202110045742 A CN202110045742 A CN 202110045742A CN 117136662 A CN117136662 A CN 117136662A
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 426
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 183
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001104824 Nitraria tangutorum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000018650 Pinus massoniana Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011610 Pinus tabuliformis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003417 Plumeria rubra f acutifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000040691 Plumeria rubra f. acutifolia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012272 crop production Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 pplying Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention describes a biological straw farmland improvement method and application thereof. The method comprises the steps of biological production, nutrient selection, active biological bacteria preparation and biomass compost fermentation. The biological production comprises processing plants, plant cultivation, crop straws, agricultural wastes, waste foods, biomass wastes and the like into a length of 10 cm to 15 cm; the nutrient substances refer to one of crushed mineral substances such as potassium ore, phosphate ore, calcium, magnesium, boron, selenium and the like, or lake salt, well salt, sea salt and the like, and byproducts after sodium salt and lithium salt are extracted; the preparation of the biological bacteria comprises the acquisition of active microorganism bacteria, the preparation of the active microorganism bacteria and the application of the active microorganism bacteria; three farmland cultivation methods are used for biomass composting fermentation, three operations are completed, and three target processes are realized; the farmland improvement comprises farmland restoration, desertification control, organic matter increase of orchard tea garden soil, preparation of salt-tolerant active biological bacteria, cultivation of salt-tolerant crop seedlings and improvement of saline-alkali soil.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a biological straw farmland improvement method and application thereof.
The background technology is as follows:
since the invention of chemical synthetic fertilizers, people begin to burn crop straws, plant branches, agricultural wastes and the like, generate haze and pollute air, and destroy natural ecosystems, especially ecological niches of the natural ecosystems, food chains, natural enemy systems, soil beneficial organisms and the like.
The urban biomass garbage is treated from landfill to combustion power generation through a garbage field and then to recycling.
The farmland cultivation method from cultivation of people and livestock to mechanical turning and the like is to singly use soil rotary tillage, soil turning and pressing and soil covering.
The agricultural compost fermentation principle is used for the production of organic fertilizer factories, and livestock manure biomass garbage is treated by using compost fermentation in a small scale.
Saline-alkali soil improvement is a worldwide problem, and no perfect solution is found yet.
Traditional agriculture uses water and light soil environment, uses a large amount of fresh water, and is high in cost.
Phosphogypsum, desulfurized gypsum and waste residue of chemical phosphate fertilizer are adopted, so that the method has an effect of improving saline-alkali soil, but the input amount is relatively large, and the phosphogypsum and the like have a small amount of heavy metals, so that the soil is polluted.
There are also research units to desalt using pure chemicals, and relatively mature materials have not been found so far, and commercialization has been achieved.
And desertification land, etc. are increased along with the rise of global air temperature, and are urgently needed to be treated.
The invention adopts a biomass farmland improvement method, and uses crop straws, plant branches, agricultural wastes, urban biomass garbage and the like to solve the problems.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to provide a method for improving biological straw farmland.
The invention further aims to provide a biological straw farmland improvement method and application thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purposes:
a method for improving biological straw farmland.
The biological straw farmland improvement method comprises biological straw production and farmland improvement methods.
The biological straw production comprises biological production, nutrient selection, active biological bacteria preparation and biomass composting fermentation;
the biological production comprises processing plants, plant cultivation, crop straws, agricultural wastes, waste foods, biomass wastes and the like into a length of 10 cm to 15 cm; animals, divided into 100 g; the biological straw production also comprises plant cultivation, wherein the plant cultivation refers to directional selection cultivation of halophytes, cold-resistant plants, drought-resistant plants, waterlogging-tolerant plants, barren-tolerant plants and the like;
The nutrient selection comprises a nutrient and a nutrient selection; the nutrient substances are crushed mineral substances such as potassium ore, phosphate rock, calcium, magnesium, boron, selenium and the like, or one of accessory products after sodium salt and lithium salt are extracted from lake salt, well salt, sea salt and the like; the nutrient selection comprises selectively adding one of crushed mineral substances such as potassium ore, phosphate ore, calcium, magnesium, boron, selenium and the like, or sodium salt extracted from lake salt, well salt, sea salt and the like, and by-products after lithium salt into soil or biomass according to the proportion, wherein the proportion of the nutrient is not more than 5%.
The method comprises the steps of preparing active microorganism bacteria from the active biological bacteria, preparing the active microorganism bacteria and applying the active microorganism bacteria;
three farmland cultivation methods are used for biomass composting fermentation, three operations are completed, and three target processes are realized;
the three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing and turning into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator for the first time, so as to realize decomposition and heating of microorganisms such as straw and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding biomass such as straw and the like generates heat and generating microorganism hypha, especially the single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and the straw and the like, biological bacteria and nutrient substances are uniformly mixed with soil; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
The three operations comprise a first operation of biomass compost fermentation: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by soil into farmlands, and crushing and turning the soil into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws and the like, so as to realize decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation, and after the biomass such as straw and the like is heated and the microbial hypha is found out, turning and pressing by using an agricultural deep ploughing plow, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, so that the straw and the like, biological bacteria and nutrient substances are uniformly mixed with soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the phenomenon that the microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw grows half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, and hypha does not appear in some straw, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as the straw, and the biomass compost fermentation is to apply the biomass compost fermentation principle, and the biomass is subjected to the aerobic fermentation of microbial bacteria under the soil semi-closed condition, so as to decompose the biomass and the like to obtain organic matters, nutrient substances and the like.
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like.
The farmland improvement method comprises the following steps: farmland cultivation, farmland restoration, desertification control, desertification prevention, organic matter increase in orchard soil, organic matter increase in tea garden soil, preparation of salt-tolerant active biological bacteria, cultivation of salt-tolerant crop seedlings and improvement of saline-alkali soil;
the farmland cultivation comprises the steps of crushing, rotary tillage and returning crop straws and the like by using agricultural machinery, crushing, turning and returning the crop straws and the like, and crushing, covering and returning the crop straws and the like.
Biological composting fermentation is carried out by using a farmland improvement method.
The biological composting fermentation by using the farmland improvement method means that three farmland cultivation methods are used to finish three operations and realize three targets.
The three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing and turning into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator for the first time, so as to realize decomposition and heating of microorganisms such as straw and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding biomass such as straw and the like generates heat and generating microorganism hypha, especially the single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and the straw and the like, biological bacteria and nutrient substances are uniformly mixed with soil; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
The three operations comprise a first operation of biomass compost fermentation: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by soil into farmlands, and crushing and turning the soil into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws and the like, so as to realize decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation, and after the biomass such as straw and the like is heated and the microbial hypha is found out, turning and pressing by using an agricultural deep ploughing plow, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, so that the straw and the like, biological bacteria and nutrient substances are uniformly mixed with soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the phenomenon that the microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw grows half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, and hypha does not appear in some straw, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as the straw, and the biomass compost fermentation is to apply the biomass compost fermentation principle, and the biomass is subjected to the aerobic fermentation of microbial bacteria under the soil semi-closed condition, so as to decompose the biomass and the like to obtain organic matters, nutrient substances and the like.
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like.
The biological composting fermentation method has the best effect when being used for covering films in farmlands or straw microorganisms and other mixing.
Biological straw active microorganism is prepared.
The preparation of the biological straw active biological bacteria comprises the acquisition of the active microbial bacteria, the preparation of the active microbial bacteria and the application of the active microbial bacteria.
Two ways of obtaining the active microorganism are that the active microorganism is purchased firstly, and found in nature, and the active microorganism exists in nature, especially in soil rich in organic matters widely;
the preparation of the active microorganism bacteria is to use a farmland improvement method to carry out biological composting fermentation on the active microorganism bacteria in a small area; the first operation of biomass composting fermentation: the nutrient substances of the prepared active biological bacteria, the crop straw and the like are used in a larger quantity than other farmland cultivation methods, the nutrients needed by the soil are uniformly scattered into the farmland, and the agricultural rotary cultivator is used for smashing and turning the soil together with the crop straw and the like, so that the decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straw and the like are realized; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the growth of biomass microorganism hypha such as straw is half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, hypha does not appear in some straw, at this time, agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing, the aerobic fermentation of biomass such as straw is realized, and then active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil are obtained.
The application of the active microorganism is to apply soil active microorganism flora produced by fermenting and dispensing biological compost by using a farmland improvement method to crop production.
Farmland restoration is realized by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation.
The method for realizing farmland restoration by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation comprises three farmland cultivation methods, three operations are completed, and three targets are realized.
The three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing biological straws and microbial bacteria into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator for the first time, so as to realize decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straws and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding the heat of the biology such as the straw and the like and the bacterial strain, the nutrition and the soil are evenly mixed by using the single-furrow deep ploughing plow with the best effect; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
the three operations are completed in the first operation of farmland restoration bio-compost fermentation: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by soil into farmlands, and crushing and turning the soil into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws and the like, so as to realize decomposition and heating of microorganisms such as the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation, finding that the growth of biomass microorganism hypha such as straw is half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, and hypha does not appear in some straw, and at the moment, using agricultural machinery to deeply turn over and press the straw and the like to realize the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as the straw, and increasing soil active biological bacteria, active nutrient substances, organic matters and the like to finish farmland restoration;
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like;
the farmland restoration also comprises active biological bacteria obtained by using farmland cultivated biomass compost fermentation, active biomass soil, organic matters and the like, and can be used as active biological bacteria.
The desertification control is realized by using farmland cultivation bio-compost fermentation.
The method for realizing desertification control by using farmland cultivation bio-compost fermentation comprises three farmland cultivation methods, three operations are completed, and three targets are realized.
The three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing and turning into soil for the first time by using an agricultural rotary cultivator, so as to realize decomposition and heating of microorganisms such as straw and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding biomass such as straw and the like generates heat and generating microorganism hypha, especially the single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and the straw and the like, biological bacteria and nutrient substances are uniformly mixed with soil; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
The three operations are performed in the first operation of desertification control biomass compost fermentation: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by soil into desertification farmlands, and crushing and turning the soil into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws and the like, so as to realize microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in the cultivation of desertification farmlands are continuously observed, the growth of the biomass microorganism hyphae such as the straw is half, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straw, hyphae do not appear in some straw, at this time, the agricultural machinery is used for deep-turning and pressing, the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as the straw is realized, and the soil active biological bacteria, active nutrient substances, organic matters and the like are increased to complete desertification treatment.
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like;
The control of desertification is realized by using farmland cultivated biomass compost fermentation.
The method for preventing and controlling desertification by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation comprises three farmland cultivation methods, three operations are completed, and three targets are achieved.
The three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing biological straws and microbial bacteria into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator for the first time, so as to realize decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straws and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding the heat of the biology such as the straw and the like and the bacterial strain, the nutrition and the soil are evenly mixed by using the single-furrow deep ploughing plow with the best effect; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
the three operations are performed in the first operation of preventing and controlling the desertification and fermenting the biomass compost: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by sandy soil into farmland, and crushing and turning the sandy soil into the sandy soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws and the like, so as to realize microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, biological bacteria and sandy soil; third operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation, finding that the growth of biomass microorganism hypha such as straw is half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, and hypha does not appear in some straw, and at the moment, using agricultural machinery to deeply turn over and press the straw and the like to realize the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as straw, and increasing active biological bacteria, active nutrients, organic matters and the like of sandy soil to complete desertification control; the desertification control also comprises the steps of realizing the fermentation of farmland cultivated biomass compost, uniformly dividing nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil thereof, crop straws and the like needed by desertification soil into strips or spots, and using agricultural deep ploughing to turn into sandy soil, wherein the depth of the deep ploughing is not less than 20 cm, so as to realize the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as the straw and the like, and increase the active biological bacteria, the active nutrient substances, organic matters and the like of the soil to finish the desertification control.
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like;
organic matter rise in orchard soil is realized by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation,
the three farmland cultivation methods are used for completing three operations and achieving three targets.
The three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing biological straws and microbial bacteria into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator for the first time, so as to realize decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straws and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding the heat of the biology such as the straw and the like and the bacterial strain, the nutrition and the soil are evenly mixed by using the single-furrow deep ploughing plow with the best effect; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
The three operations are performed in the first operation of organic matter increasing lift biomass composting fermentation of the orchard soil: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by soil into farmlands, and crushing and turning the soil into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws or orchard weeds and the like, so as to realize microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the growth of the biomass microorganism hyphae such as straw is half, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straw, hyphae do not appear in some straw, at this time, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing, the biomass aerobic fermentation of the straw and the like is realized, and soil active biological bacteria, active nutrient substances, organic matters and the like are increased, so that the organic matter rise of the orchard soil is completed.
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like;
The organic matter rise of the tea garden soil is realized by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation.
Three farmland cultivation methods are used to finish three operations and realize three targets.
() The three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing biological straws and microbial bacteria into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator for the first time, so as to realize decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straws and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding the heat of the biology such as the straw and the like and the bacterial strain, the nutrition and the soil are evenly mixed by using the single-furrow deep ploughing plow with the best effect; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
the three operations are performed by the method, namely the first operation of organic matter rising biomass composting fermentation of the soil in the tea garden: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by soil into farmlands, and crushing and turning the soil into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws or orchard weeds and the like, so as to realize microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the growth of the biomass microorganism hyphae such as straw is half, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straw, hyphae do not appear in some straw, at this time, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing, the biomass aerobic fermentation of the straw and the like is realized, and soil active biological bacteria, active nutrient substances, organic matters and the like are increased, so that the increase of the soil organic matters in the tea garden is completed.
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like;
and (5) preparing salt-tolerant active biological bacteria.
The obtaining of the salt-tolerant active biological bacteria comprises the obtaining of the salt-tolerant active biological bacteria and the preparation of the salt-tolerant active biological bacteria.
The salt-tolerant active biological bacteria are obtained, and the salt-tolerant active biological bacteria exist in nature, especially in areas rich in lake salt, well salt, sea salt and the like, and widely exist in organic soil of saline-alkali soil;
the preparation of the salt-tolerant active biological bacteria is carried out by three operations, namely the first operation of biomass compost fermentation of the salt-tolerant active biological bacteria: the method is characterized in that the nutrient substances of salt-tolerant active biological bacteria are prepared, the using amount of crop straws and the like is larger than that of other farmland cultivation methods, the nutrient substances are selected from one of lake salt, well salt, sea salt and the like, the nutrient substances, the lake salt, the well salt and other areas needed by soil, the original salt-tolerant bacteria of organic matters in saline-alkali soil are uniformly scattered into farmland, and the crop straws and the like are crushed and turned into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together, so that microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like are realized; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the growth of biomass microorganism hypha such as straw is half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, hypha does not appear in some straw, at this time, agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing, the aerobic fermentation of biomass such as straw is realized, and then salt-tolerant active biological bacteria and salt-tolerant active biological bacteria soil are obtained.
The improvement of the saline-alkali soil is realized mainly by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation.
The improvement of the saline-alkali soil by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation mainly comprises the cultivation of salt-tolerant crop seedlings, the preparation of salt-tolerant active biological bacteria, the arrangement of the saline-alkali soil, the cultivation of the saline-alkali soil cultivation biomass compost fermentation and the cultivation of the saline-alkali soil crops
The salt-tolerant crop seedling cultivation is to use salt-tolerant crop seeds, salt-tolerant active microorganism bacteria, soil nutrition bowls and the like; the salt tolerant crop seed comprises: the grass family of the tree species such as nitraria tangutorum, willow, chinese pine, pagodatree and the like is mainly selected from corn, sorghum, weeds and the like; the salt-tolerant active microorganism is obtained by a preparation method of salt-tolerant active biological bacteria; the soil nutrition pot is used for filling salt-tolerant active biological bacteria soil and salt-tolerant active biological bacteria into the nutrition pot, then crop seeds are put into the soil nutrition pot, and then the soil nutrition pot is managed according to a crop cultivation method to cultivate salt-tolerant crop seedlings; the saline-alkali soil arrangement comprises ditching, dehumidifying and removing stains on the saline-alkali soil;
the first operation of cultivating biomass compost in saline-alkali soil and fermenting improved biomass compost in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps: uniformly scattering nutrient substances required by the saline-alkali soil, salt-tolerant active biological bacteria and salt-tolerant active biological bacteria soil into the saline-alkali soil, and crushing and turning the saline-alkali soil and crop straws and the like into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator to realize microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in the cultivation of the saline-alkali soil, and after the biomass such as the straws and the like is heated and the microbial hypha is found, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, so that the straws and the like, nutrient substances, salt-tolerant active biological bacteria and the saline-alkali soil are uniformly mixed; third operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straw and the like in the cultivation of the saline-alkali soil, finding that the growth of biomass microorganism hypha such as straw is half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, and hypha does not appear in some straw, and at the moment, using agricultural machinery to deeply turn over and press the straw and the like to realize the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as straw, and increasing active biological bacteria, active nutrients, organic matters and the like of the saline-alkali soil to finish the improvement of the saline-alkali soil; temperature (temperature)
The saline-alkali soil crop cultivation uses an agricultural cultivation method to finish the saline-alkali soil, the seedling transplanting cultivation crops are managed according to a crop planting method, the biological and ecological circulation principle is realized, the saline-alkali soil improvement is further completed, and the seedling transplanting cultivation crops can be covered when the temperature is low.
The beneficial effects are that:
the biomass farmland improvement method has the biggest effect of reducing the generation of smoke haze and polluted air caused by artificial combustion of biomass garbage.
The air pollution caused by combustion of agriculture, crop straws, plant branches, agricultural wastes, urban biomass wastes, food wastes and the like is treated, so that the cost is increased, and no obvious effect is produced.
The urban biomass garbage is prepared into active biological bacteria by using a biomass farmland improvement method from landfill to combustion power generation, the soil with the active biological bacteria is increased in soil fertility, the biomass garbage is changed into valuables, the beneficial active biological bacteria in the soil are increased, farmland diseases and insect pests are reduced, and crops are delicious, sweet, thick and the like, so that the urban biomass garbage has natural fragrance of plants.
The ecological restoration principle is applied, and the secondary saline-alkali soil is restored by using the restoration halophytes, especially the cultivation halophytes, the restoration vegetation and the like, so that the traditional agriculture is developed. Chinese has 430 halophytes, and some of the halophytes can be applied to food or food raw materials, medical raw materials, fiber raw materials and the like.
The method for improving the farmland by using the biomass can reduce the use amount of farm pesticides and fertilizers by increasing soil active biological bacteria, active biomass soil, organic matters and the like, wherein the use amount of the farm pesticides and the fertilizers is reduced from the reduction use to the reduction use and then to the non-use.
The biomass farmland improvement method is used for guiding scientific research targets into a natural ecological system in agricultural production, biomass garbage treatment and the like, so that the human beings adopt the principle of an artificial ecological method: the ecological balance principle and the ecological circulation principle are adopted to realize the ecological niches of the natural ecological system again, and the biological communities are obtained; life chain: natural and social people; biological chain: humans, plants, animals, microorganisms; ecological chain: producer, consumer, decomposer; biomass recycling and utilization and the like form a theory.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
saline-alkali soil improvement method for biological straw farmland improvement
The improvement of the saline-alkali soil adopts a biomass farmland improvement method, mainly adopts biomass composting fermentation to realize the improvement of the saline-alkali soil, and adopts the following scheme: preparing salt-tolerant active biological bacteria; cultivating salt-tolerant crop seedlings; ditching, dehumidifying and removing stains on the saline-alkali soil; cultivating biomass compost in saline-alkali soil; cultivating crops in saline-alkali soil;
The preparation method is characterized in that the active salt-tolerant biological bacteria are obtained, and firstly, the active salt-tolerant biological bacteria exist in the natural world, especially in areas rich in lake salt, well salt, sea salt and the like, and are widely existing in the soil of organic matters of saline-alkali soil; secondly, the biomass compost is prepared by farmland cultivation and fermentation, and the steps are as follows: three farmland cultivation methods are used to finish three operations and realize three targets.
The first operation of biomass composting fermentation of active salt-tolerant biological bacteria: the method is characterized in that the nutrient substances of salt-tolerant active biological bacteria are prepared, the using amount of crop straws and the like is larger than that of other farmland cultivation methods, the nutrient substances are selected from one of lake salt, well salt, sea salt and the like, the nutrient substances, the lake salt, the well salt and other areas needed by soil, the original salt-tolerant bacteria of organic matters in saline-alkali soil are uniformly scattered into farmland, and the crop straws and the like are crushed and turned into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together, so that microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like are realized; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the growth of the biomass microorganism hyphae such as straw is half, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straw, hyphae do not appear in some straw, at this time, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing, the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as straw is realized, and then the active salt-tolerant biological bacteria and active salt-tolerant biological bacteria soil are obtained.
The salt-tolerant crop seedling cultivation is to cultivate seedlings by using active salt-tolerant biological bacteria obtained by a farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation method, and the steps are as follows:
the active salt-tolerant biological bacteria soil is obtained by using an active salt-tolerant biological bacteria preparation method; preparing a nutrition pot, and crop seeds, wherein the crops are mainly grasses such as corn, sorghum and the like; cultivating farmlands by using a farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation method; active salt-tolerant biological bacteria soil is filled into a nutrition pot, then crop seeds are put into the nutrition pot, and then the seedlings of salt-tolerant crops are cultivated according to the management of the crop cultivation method.
The method for realizing the improvement of the saline-alkali soil by using the cultivation biomass compost fermentation of the saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps: three farmland cultivation methods are used to finish three operations and realize three targets.
Wherein the first operation of the saline-alkali soil improvement biomass compost fermentation: uniformly scattering nutrient substances required by the saline-alkali soil, salt-tolerant active biological bacteria and salt-tolerant active biological bacteria soil into the saline-alkali soil, and crushing and turning the saline-alkali soil and crop straws and the like into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator to realize microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in the cultivation of the saline-alkali soil, and after the biomass such as the straws and the like is heated and the microbial hypha is found, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, so that the straws and the like, nutrient substances, salt-tolerant active biological bacteria and the saline-alkali soil are uniformly mixed; third operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straw and the like in the cultivation of the saline-alkali soil, finding that the growth of biomass microorganism hypha such as straw is half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, and hypha does not appear in some straw, and at the moment, using agricultural machinery to deeply turn over and press the straw and the like to realize the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as straw, and increasing active biological bacteria, active nutrients, organic matters and the like of the saline-alkali soil to finish the improvement of the saline-alkali soil;
Then, the agricultural cultivation method is used for finishing the saline-alkali soil, and the crops are cultivated by transplanting seedlings.
And then, management is carried out according to a crop planting method, so that the biological and ecological cycle principle is realized, the saline-alkali soil is improved, the crop cultivation is not wrong, the benefit is improved, the saline-alkali soil improvement cost is reduced, and the like, and the saline-alkali soil improvement is further completed.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1: is a structural schematic diagram of a biological straw farmland improvement method and application thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving biological straw farmland.
The biological straw farmland improvement method comprises biological straw production and farmland improvement methods.
The biological straw production comprises biological production, nutrient selection, active biological bacteria preparation and biomass composting fermentation;
the biological production comprises processing plants, plant cultivation, crop straws, agricultural wastes, waste foods, biomass wastes and the like into a length of 10 cm to 15 cm; animals, divided into 100 g; the biological straw production also comprises plant cultivation, wherein the plant cultivation refers to directional selection cultivation of halophytes, cold-resistant plants, drought-resistant plants, waterlogging-tolerant plants, barren-tolerant plants and the like;
the nutrient selection comprises a nutrient and a nutrient selection; the nutrient substances are crushed mineral substances such as potassium ore, phosphate rock, calcium, magnesium, boron, selenium and the like, or one of accessory products after sodium salt and lithium salt are extracted from lake salt, well salt, sea salt and the like; the nutrient selection comprises selectively adding one of crushed mineral substances such as potassium ore, phosphate ore, calcium, magnesium, boron, selenium and the like, or sodium salt extracted from lake salt, well salt, sea salt and the like, and by-products after lithium salt into soil or biomass according to the proportion, wherein the proportion of the nutrient is not more than 5%.
The method comprises the steps of preparing active microorganism bacteria from the active biological bacteria, preparing the active microorganism bacteria and applying the active microorganism bacteria;
three farmland cultivation methods are used for biomass composting fermentation, three operations are completed, and three target processes are realized;
the three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing and turning into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator for the first time, so as to realize decomposition and heating of microorganisms such as straw and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding biomass such as straw and the like generates heat and generating microorganism hypha, especially the single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and the straw and the like, biological bacteria and nutrient substances are uniformly mixed with soil; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
the three operations comprise a first operation of biomass compost fermentation: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by soil into farmlands, and crushing and turning the soil into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws and the like, so as to realize decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation, and after the biomass such as straw and the like is heated and the microbial hypha is found out, turning and pressing by using an agricultural deep ploughing plow, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, so that the straw and the like, biological bacteria and nutrient substances are uniformly mixed with soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the phenomenon that the microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw grows half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, and hypha does not appear in some straw, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as the straw, and the biomass compost fermentation is to apply the biomass compost fermentation principle, and the biomass is subjected to the aerobic fermentation of microbial bacteria under the soil semi-closed condition, so as to decompose the biomass and the like to obtain organic matters, nutrient substances and the like.
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like.
The farmland improvement method comprises the following steps: farmland cultivation, farmland restoration, desertification control, desertification prevention, organic matter increase in orchard soil, organic matter increase in tea garden soil, preparation of salt-tolerant active biological bacteria, cultivation of salt-tolerant crop seedlings and improvement of saline-alkali soil;
the farmland cultivation comprises the steps of crushing, rotary tillage and returning crop straws and the like by using agricultural machinery, crushing, turning and returning the crop straws and the like, and crushing, covering and returning the crop straws and the like.
2. The biological straw of claim 1, characterized in that it is fermented by biological composting using farmland improvement method.
The biological composting fermentation by using the farmland improvement method means that three farmland cultivation methods are used to finish three operations and realize three targets.
The three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing and turning into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator for the first time, so as to realize decomposition and heating of microorganisms such as straw and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding biomass such as straw and the like generates heat and generating microorganism hypha, especially the single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and the straw and the like, biological bacteria and nutrient substances are uniformly mixed with soil; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
The three operations comprise a first operation of biomass compost fermentation: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by soil into farmlands, and crushing and turning the soil into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws and the like, so as to realize decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation, and after the biomass such as straw and the like is heated and the microbial hypha is found out, turning and pressing by using an agricultural deep ploughing plow, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, so that the straw and the like, biological bacteria and nutrient substances are uniformly mixed with soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the phenomenon that the microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw grows half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, and hypha does not appear in some straw, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as the straw, and the biomass compost fermentation is to apply the biomass compost fermentation principle, and the biomass is subjected to the aerobic fermentation of microbial bacteria under the soil semi-closed condition, so as to decompose the biomass and the like to obtain organic matters, nutrient substances and the like.
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like.
The biological composting fermentation method has the best effect when being used for covering films in farmlands or straw microorganisms and other mixing.
3. The farmland improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that it is produced by living microbial organisms of biological straw.
The preparation of the biological straw active biological bacteria comprises the acquisition of the active microbial bacteria, the preparation of the active microbial bacteria and the application of the active microbial bacteria.
Two ways of obtaining the active microorganism are that the active microorganism is purchased firstly, and found in nature, and the active microorganism exists in nature, especially in soil rich in organic matters widely;
the preparation of the active microorganism bacteria is to use a farmland improvement method to carry out biological composting fermentation on the active microorganism bacteria in a small area; the first operation of biomass composting fermentation: the nutrient substances of the prepared active biological bacteria, the crop straw and the like are used in a larger quantity than other farmland cultivation methods, the nutrients needed by the soil are uniformly scattered into the farmland, and the agricultural rotary cultivator is used for smashing and turning the soil together with the crop straw and the like, so that the decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straw and the like are realized; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the growth of biomass microorganism hypha such as straw is half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, hypha does not appear in some straw, at this time, agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing, the aerobic fermentation of biomass such as straw is realized, and then active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil are obtained.
The application of the active microorganism is to apply soil active microorganism flora produced by fermenting and dispensing biological compost by using a farmland improvement method to crop production.
4. The improvement in farmlands according to claim 1, characterized in that farmland restoration is achieved using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation.
The method for realizing farmland restoration by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation comprises three farmland cultivation methods, three operations are completed, and three targets are realized.
The three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing biological straws and microbial bacteria into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator for the first time, so as to realize decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straws and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding the heat of the biology such as the straw and the like and the bacterial strain, the nutrition and the soil are evenly mixed by using the single-furrow deep ploughing plow with the best effect; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
the three operations are completed in the first operation of farmland restoration bio-compost fermentation: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by soil into farmlands, and crushing and turning the soil into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws and the like, so as to realize decomposition and heating of microorganisms such as the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation, finding that the growth of biomass microorganism hypha such as straw is half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, and hypha does not appear in some straw, and at the moment, using agricultural machinery to deeply turn over and press the straw and the like to realize the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as the straw, and increasing soil active biological bacteria, active nutrient substances, organic matters and the like to finish farmland restoration;
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like;
the farmland restoration also comprises active biological bacteria obtained by using farmland cultivated biomass compost fermentation, active biomass soil, organic matters and the like, and can be used as active biological bacteria.
5. The improvement in farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that the desertification control is achieved using a farmland cultivation bio-compost fermentation.
The method for realizing desertification control by using farmland cultivation bio-compost fermentation comprises three farmland cultivation methods, three operations are completed, and three targets are realized.
The three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing and turning into soil for the first time by using an agricultural rotary cultivator, so as to realize decomposition and heating of microorganisms such as straw and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding biomass such as straw and the like generates heat and generating microorganism hypha, especially the single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and the straw and the like, biological bacteria and nutrient substances are uniformly mixed with soil; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
The three operations are performed in the first operation of desertification control biomass compost fermentation: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by soil into desertification farmlands, and crushing and turning the soil into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws and the like, so as to realize microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in the cultivation of desertification farmlands are continuously observed, the growth of the biomass microorganism hyphae such as the straw is half, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straw, hyphae do not appear in some straw, at this time, the agricultural machinery is used for deep-turning and pressing, the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as the straw is realized, and the soil active biological bacteria, active nutrient substances, organic matters and the like are increased to complete desertification treatment.
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like.
6. Farmland improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that the control of desertification is achieved using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation.
The method for preventing and controlling desertification by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation comprises three farmland cultivation methods, three operations are completed, and three targets are achieved.
The three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing biological straws and microbial bacteria into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator for the first time, so as to realize decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straws and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding the heat of the biology such as the straw and the like and the bacterial strain, the nutrition and the soil are evenly mixed by using the single-furrow deep ploughing plow with the best effect; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
the three operations are performed in the first operation of preventing and controlling the desertification and fermenting the biomass compost: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by sandy soil into farmland, and crushing and turning the sandy soil into the sandy soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws and the like, so as to realize microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, biological bacteria and sandy soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the growth of half of biomass microorganism hyphae such as straw is found, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straw, hyphae do not appear in some straw, at this time, agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing, the aerobic fermentation of biomass such as straw is realized, and sandy soil active biological bacteria, active nutrient substances, organic matters and the like are increased to complete desertification control.
The desertification control also comprises the steps of realizing the fermentation of farmland cultivated biomass compost, uniformly dividing nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil thereof, crop straws and the like needed by desertification soil into strips or spots, and using agricultural deep ploughing to turn into sandy soil, wherein the depth of the deep ploughing is not less than 20 cm, so as to realize the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as the straw and the like, and increase the active biological bacteria, the active nutrient substances, organic matters and the like of the soil to finish the desertification control.
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like.
7. The farmland improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that organic matter lift enhancement of the orchard soil is achieved by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation,
the three farmland cultivation methods are used for completing three operations and achieving three targets.
The three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing biological straws and microbial bacteria into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator for the first time, so as to realize decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straws and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding the heat of the biology such as the straw and the like and the bacterial strain, the nutrition and the soil are evenly mixed by using the single-furrow deep ploughing plow with the best effect; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
the three operations are performed in the first operation of organic matter increasing lift biomass composting fermentation of the orchard soil: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by soil into farmlands, and crushing and turning the soil into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws or orchard weeds and the like, so as to realize microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the growth of the biomass microorganism hyphae such as straw is half, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straw, hyphae do not appear in some straw, at this time, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing, the biomass aerobic fermentation of the straw and the like is realized, and soil active biological bacteria, active nutrient substances, organic matters and the like are increased, so that the organic matter rise of the orchard soil is completed.
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like.
8. The farmland improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that the organic matter lift of the tea garden soil is achieved by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation.
Three farmland cultivation methods are used to finish three operations and realize three targets.
The three farmland cultivation methods comprise the steps of crushing biological straws and microbial bacteria into soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator for the first time, so as to realize decomposition and heating of the microorganisms such as the straws and the like; the second time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to use the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over after finding the heat of the biology such as the straw and the like and the bacterial strain, the nutrition and the soil are evenly mixed by using the single-furrow deep ploughing plow with the best effect; the third time of using the agricultural rotary cultivator is to observe half of growth of microbial hypha on the surface layer of the biomass such as the straw, wherein a small amount of hypha appears on some straw, and hypha does not appear on some straw, and then the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing;
The three operations are performed by the method, namely the first operation of organic matter rising biomass composting fermentation of the soil in the tea garden: uniformly scattering nutrient substances, active biological bacteria and active biological bacteria soil required by soil into farmlands, and crushing and turning the soil into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together with crop straws or orchard weeds and the like, so as to realize microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the growth of the biomass microorganism hyphae such as straw is half, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straw, hyphae do not appear in some straw, at this time, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing, the biomass aerobic fermentation of the straw and the like is realized, and soil active biological bacteria, active nutrient substances, organic matters and the like are increased, so that the increase of the soil organic matters in the tea garden is completed.
The three purposes are that the first purpose is to decompose and heat the soil, straw and other microorganisms; after the second aim is to grow the microorganism hypha, using the agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press; the third time aims at half growth of the hyphae of the biomass surface layer microorganisms such as the straws, a small amount of hyphae appear in some straws, and hyphae do not appear in some straws, and at the moment, the agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing to realize biological aerobic fermentation of the straws and the like.
9. The improvement in farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation of salt tolerant active biological bacteria.
The obtaining of the salt-tolerant active biological bacteria comprises the obtaining of the salt-tolerant active biological bacteria and the preparation of the salt-tolerant active biological bacteria.
The salt-tolerant active biological bacteria are obtained, and the salt-tolerant active biological bacteria exist in nature, especially in areas rich in lake salt, well salt, sea salt and the like, and widely exist in organic soil of saline-alkali soil;
the preparation of the salt-tolerant active biological bacteria is carried out by three operations, namely the first operation of biomass compost fermentation of the salt-tolerant active biological bacteria: the method is characterized in that the nutrient substances of salt-tolerant active biological bacteria are prepared, the using amount of crop straws and the like is larger than that of other farmland cultivation methods, the nutrient substances are selected from one of lake salt, well salt, sea salt and the like, the nutrient substances, the lake salt, the well salt and other areas needed by soil, the original salt-tolerant bacteria of organic matters in saline-alkali soil are uniformly scattered into farmland, and the crop straws and the like are crushed and turned into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator together, so that microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like are realized; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in farmland cultivation, after finding out that the biomass such as the straws and the like generates heat and the microorganism hypha is grown, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, and realizing the uniform mixing of the nutrient substances such as the straws and the like, and the biological bacteria and the soil; third operation: the change conditions of straw and the like in farmland cultivation are continuously observed, the growth of biomass microorganism hypha such as straw is half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, hypha does not appear in some straw, at this time, agricultural machinery is used for deep turning and pressing, the aerobic fermentation of biomass such as straw is realized, and then salt-tolerant active biological bacteria and salt-tolerant active biological bacteria soil are obtained.
10. The farmland improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that the improvement of saline-alkali soil is achieved mainly by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation.
The improvement of the saline-alkali soil by using farmland cultivation biomass compost fermentation mainly comprises the cultivation of salt-tolerant crop seedlings, the preparation of salt-tolerant active biological bacteria, the arrangement of the saline-alkali soil, the cultivation of the saline-alkali soil cultivation biomass compost fermentation and the cultivation of the saline-alkali soil crops
The salt-tolerant crop seedling cultivation is to use salt-tolerant crop seeds, salt-tolerant active microorganism bacteria, soil nutrition bowls and the like; the salt tolerant crop seed comprises: the grass family of the tree species such as nitraria tangutorum, willow, chinese pine, pagodatree and the like is mainly selected from corn, sorghum, weeds and the like; the salt-tolerant active microorganism is obtained by a preparation method of salt-tolerant active biological bacteria; the soil nutrition pot is used for filling salt-tolerant active biological bacteria soil and salt-tolerant active biological bacteria into the nutrition pot, then crop seeds are put into the soil nutrition pot, and then the soil nutrition pot is managed according to a crop cultivation method to cultivate salt-tolerant crop seedlings; the saline-alkali soil arrangement comprises ditching, dehumidifying and removing stains on the saline-alkali soil;
the first operation of cultivating biomass compost in saline-alkali soil and fermenting improved biomass compost in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps: uniformly scattering nutrient substances required by the saline-alkali soil, salt-tolerant active biological bacteria and salt-tolerant active biological bacteria soil into the saline-alkali soil, and crushing and turning the saline-alkali soil and crop straws and the like into the soil by using an agricultural rotary cultivator to realize microbial decomposition and heating of the straws and the like; second operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straws and the like in the cultivation of the saline-alkali soil, and after the biomass such as the straws and the like is heated and the microbial hypha is found, using an agricultural deep ploughing plow to turn over and press, especially using a single-furrow deep ploughing plow has the best effect, so that the straws and the like, nutrient substances, salt-tolerant active biological bacteria and the saline-alkali soil are uniformly mixed; third operation: continuously observing the change conditions of straw and the like in the cultivation of the saline-alkali soil, finding that the growth of biomass microorganism hypha such as straw is half, a small amount of hypha appears in some straw, and hypha does not appear in some straw, and at the moment, using agricultural machinery to deeply turn over and press the straw and the like to realize the aerobic fermentation of the biomass such as straw, and increasing active biological bacteria, active nutrients, organic matters and the like of the saline-alkali soil to finish the improvement of the saline-alkali soil; temperature (temperature)
The saline-alkali soil crop cultivation uses an agricultural cultivation method to finish the saline-alkali soil, the seedling transplanting cultivation crops are managed according to a crop planting method, the biological and ecological circulation principle is realized, the saline-alkali soil improvement is further completed, and the seedling transplanting cultivation crops can be covered when the temperature is low.
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