CN117127654B - 一种两道防水的防水卷材及其施工工艺 - Google Patents
一种两道防水的防水卷材及其施工工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种两道防水的防水卷材及其施工工艺,该防水卷材包括第一防水层和第二防水层;第二防水层从上到下依次设有砂子层、第一热熔胶层、连接膜层和第二热熔胶层,第二热熔胶层与第一防水层粘合。其中,第一热熔胶层为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层;第二热熔胶层为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层、丁基胶层和沥青改性胶层中的一种或两种以上复合层,所以第一热熔胶层和第二热熔胶层均能实现自粘胶功能,自粘胶能够抵抗来自热熔胶层的小分子物质或杂性物质的渗透,使得第二防水层中两层热熔胶层在长时间使用下仍然保持较好的粘结性。能保持第一防水层和第二防水层之间的黏性,提高抗窜水性能,能有效满足室内外建筑的防水要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及防水卷材的技术领域,具体涉及一种两道防水的防水卷材及其施工工艺。
背景技术
地下工程防水问题一直是建筑工程的技术难点。过去一般采用外防外贴的沥青类防水卷材和非固化防水涂料技术,但上述施工技术对混凝土垫层的平整度、干燥度等要求较高,卷材与主体结构防水层抗窜水性较差,容易造成地下工程渗漏。目前国内常用的预铺防水卷材为高分子自粘胶膜预铺防水卷材,采用预铺反粘技术,降低工程渗漏。预铺防水卷材以其自粘搭接、施工方便、良好的防窜水性、优异的力学性能等特点在地下防水工程中得到广泛的应用。但是传统防水卷材建立的是孤立的防水体系,即主要是依靠防水卷材一体成型,完全起到密封的状态,但是一体成型的防水卷材对设备和材料要求较高。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的之一在于提供一种两道防水的防水卷材,采用特定的防水层结构和特定的热熔胶层以提高主体自身的防水功能;本发明的目的之二在于提供一种两道防水的防水卷材的施工工艺,方便简单,适合大规模使用。
本发明的目的之一采用如下技术方案实现:
一种两道防水的防水卷材,包括第一防水层和第二防水层;第二防水层从上到下依次设有砂子层、第一热熔胶层、连接膜层和第二热熔胶层,第二热熔胶层与第一防水层粘合;其中,第一热熔胶层为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层;第二热熔胶层为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层、丁基胶层和沥青改性胶层中的一种或两种以上复合层。
进一步,所述第一防水层为高密度聚乙烯层和/或交叉膜。
进一步,所述苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层所用的原料包括以下按重量份计的成分:5~10份聚异丁烯、20~35份苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯、30~50份增粘树脂、1~2份抗氧化剂和0.5~1份偶联剂。
进一步,所述第一热熔胶层和第二热熔胶层均为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层。
进一步,所述连接膜层为交叉膜层和/或高密度聚乙烯层。
进一步,所述丁基胶层所用的丁基胶包括以下按重量份计的原料:聚异丁烯10~30份、丁基橡胶20~35份、增粘树脂30~50份、抗氧化剂1~2份和紫外吸收剂0.5~1份。
进一步,所述丁基胶层所用的丁基胶包括以下按重量份计的原料:包括以下按重量份计的原料:聚异丁烯10~30份、丁基橡胶10~20份、增粘树脂20~30份、抗氧化剂1~2份、紫外吸收剂0.5~1份和填料20~30份。
进一步,所述沥青改性胶层所用的沥青改性胶包括以下按重量份计的原料:沥青60~70份、苯乙烯丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物5~10份、抗氧化剂1~2份和增粘树脂10~20份。
进一步,还包括离型膜;离型膜设置在第一热熔胶层的粘结面上。
本发明的目的之二采用如下技术方案实现:
上述的两道防水的防水卷材的施工工艺,包括以下步骤:将第一防水层铺设在底板上并进行固定,然后将第二防水层中的第一热熔胶层与第一防水层进行粘合,完成两道防水的防水卷材的施工。
相比现有技术,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明的两道防水的防水卷材,包括第一防水层和第二防水层;第二防水层从上到下依次设有砂子层、第一热熔胶层、连接膜层和第二热熔胶层,第二热熔胶层与第一防水层粘合。其中,第一热熔胶层为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层;第二热熔胶层为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层、丁基胶层和沥青改性胶层中的一种或两种以上复合层,所以第一热熔胶层和第二热熔胶层均能实现自粘胶功能,自粘胶能够抵抗来自热熔胶层的小分子物质或杂性物质的渗透,使得第二防水层中两层热熔胶层在长时间使用下仍然保持较好的粘结性。第二热熔胶层与第一防水层自粘合,避免发生起拱、翘边等问题,而且正是因为有的第一热熔胶层和连接膜层的封闭,第一热熔胶层和第二热熔胶层中的小分子材料在高温下不易挥发或迁移,能保持第一防水层和第二防水层之间的黏性,提高抗窜水性能,能有效满足室内外建筑的防水要求。
附图说明
图1为本发明的两道防水卷材的施工后的结构示意图;
图中:1、第一防水层;2、第二防水层;21、第一热熔胶层;22、连接膜层;23、第二热熔胶层;24、砂子层。
具体实施方式
下面,结合附图以及具体实施方式,对本发明做进一步描述,需要说明的是,在不相冲突的前提下,以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
实施例1
一种两道防水的防水卷材,包括第一防水层1和第二防水层2;第二防水层2从上到下依次设有砂子层24、第一热熔胶层21、连接膜层22和第二热熔胶层23,第二热熔胶层23与第一防水层1粘合;其中,所述第一热熔胶层21和第二热熔胶层23均为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层。还包括离型膜,离型膜设置在第一热熔胶层21的粘结面上,如图1所示,当需要将第一防水层1和第二防水层2复合时,将离型膜(图中未示出)撕开,将第一热熔胶层21与第一防水层1进行粘结,得到两道防水卷材。
其中,所述第一防水层1为高密度聚乙烯层。所述连接膜层22为高密度聚乙烯层。
具体地,所述苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层所用的原料包括以下按重量份计的成分:7份聚异丁烯、25份苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯、41份增粘树脂、1.5份抗氧化剂和0.6份偶联剂。
上述的两道防水的防水卷材的施工工艺,包括以下步骤:将第一防水层1铺设在底板上并进行固定,然后将第二防水层2中的第一热熔胶层21与第一防水层1进行粘合,完成两道防水的防水卷材的施工。
实施例2
一种两道防水的防水卷材,包括第一防水层1和第二防水层2;第二防水层2从上到下依次设有砂子层24、第一热熔胶层21、连接膜层22和第二热熔胶层23,第二热熔胶层23与第一防水层1粘合;其中,第一热熔胶层21为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层;第二热熔胶层23为丁基胶层。还包括离型膜,离型膜设置在第一热熔胶层21的粘结面上,如图1所示,当需要将第一防水层1和第二防水层2复合时,将离型膜(图中未示出)撕开,将第一热熔胶层21与第一防水层1进行粘结,得到两道防水卷材。
其中,所述第一防水层1为高密度聚乙烯层。所述连接膜层22为交叉膜层。
具体地,所述苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层所用的原料包括以下按重量份计的成分:5份聚异丁烯、20份苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯、30份增粘树脂、1份抗氧化剂和0.5份偶联剂。所述丁基胶层所用的丁基胶包括以下按重量份计的原料:聚异丁烯10份、丁基橡胶20份、增粘树脂30份、抗氧化剂1份和紫外吸收剂0.5份。
上述的两道防水的防水卷材的施工工艺,包括以下步骤:将第一防水层1铺设在底板上并进行固定,然后将第二防水层2中的第一热熔胶层21与第一防水层1进行粘合,完成两道防水的防水卷材的施工。
实施例3
一种两道防水的防水卷材,包括第一防水层1和第二防水层2;第二防水层2从上到下依次设有砂子层24、第一热熔胶层21、连接膜层22和第二热熔胶层23,第二热熔胶层23与第一防水层1粘合;其中,第一热熔胶层21为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层;第二热熔胶层23为沥青改性胶层。还包括离型膜,离型膜设置在第一热熔胶层21的粘结面上,如图1所示,当需要将第一防水层1和第二防水层2复合时,将离型膜(图中未示出)撕开,将第一热熔胶层21与第一防水层1进行粘结,得到两道防水卷材。
其中,所述第一防水层1为高密度聚乙烯层和/或交叉膜。所述连接膜层22为交叉膜层和/或高密度聚乙烯层。
具体地,所述苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层所用的原料包括以下按重量份计的成分:10份聚异丁烯、35份苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯、50份增粘树脂、2份抗氧化剂和1份偶联剂。所述沥青改性胶层所用的沥青改性胶包括以下按重量份计的原料:沥青70份、苯乙烯丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物10份、抗氧化剂2份和增粘树脂20份。
上述的两道防水的防水卷材的施工工艺,包括以下步骤:将第一防水层1铺设在底板上并进行固定,然后将第二防水层2中的第一热熔胶层21与第一防水层1进行粘合,完成两道防水的防水卷材的施工。
实施例4
一种两道防水的防水卷材,包括第一防水层1和第二防水层2;第二防水层2从上到下依次设有砂子层24、第一热熔胶层21、连接膜层22和第二热熔胶层23,第二热熔胶层23与第一防水层1粘合;其中,第一热熔胶层21为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层;第二热熔胶层23为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层和丁基胶层的复合层。还包括离型膜,离型膜设置在第一热熔胶层21的粘结面上,如图1所示,当需要将第一防水层1和第二防水层2复合时,将离型膜(图中未示出)撕开,将第一热熔胶层21与第一防水层1进行粘结,得到两道防水卷材。
其中,所述第一防水层1为高密度聚乙烯层和/或交叉膜。所述连接膜层22为交叉膜层和/或高密度聚乙烯层。
具体地,第一热熔胶层21的苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层所用的原料包括以下按重量份计的成分:7份聚异丁烯、21份苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯、33份增粘树脂、2份抗氧化剂和1份偶联剂。第二热熔胶层23的苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层所用的原料包括以下按重量份计的成分:5份聚异丁烯、28份苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯、47份增粘树脂、2份抗氧化剂和0.7份偶联剂。第二热熔胶层23的丁基胶层所用的丁基胶包括以下按重量份计的原料:包括以下按重量份计的原料:聚异丁烯30份、丁基橡胶20份、增粘树脂30份、抗氧化剂2份、紫外吸收剂1份和填料20份。
上述的两道防水的防水卷材的施工工艺,包括以下步骤:将第一防水层1铺设在底板上并进行固定,然后将第二防水层2中的第一热熔胶层21与第一防水层1进行粘合,完成两道防水的防水卷材的施工。
实施例5
一种两道防水的防水卷材,包括第一防水层1和第二防水层2;第二防水层2从上到下依次设有砂子层24、第一热熔胶层21、连接膜层22和第二热熔胶层23,第二热熔胶层23与第一防水层1粘合;其中,第一热熔胶层21为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层;第二热熔胶层23为苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层、丁基胶层和沥青改性胶层的复合层。还包括离型膜,离型膜设置在第一热熔胶层21的粘结面上,如图1所示,当需要将第一防水层1和第二防水层2复合时,将离型膜(图中未示出)撕开,将第一热熔胶层21与第一防水层1进行粘结,得到两道防水卷材。
其中,所述第一防水层1为高密度聚乙烯层和/或交叉膜。所述连接膜层22为交叉膜层和/或高密度聚乙烯层。
具体地,第一热熔胶层21的苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层所用的原料包括以下按重量份计的成分:8份聚异丁烯、37份苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯、45份增粘树脂、2份抗氧化剂和0.7份偶联剂。第二热熔胶层23的苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯胶层所用的原料包括以下按重量份计的成分:9份聚异丁烯、33份苯乙烯一异戊二烯一苯乙烯、31份增粘树脂、1份抗氧化剂和0.6份偶联剂。第二热熔胶层23的丁基胶层所用的丁基胶包括以下按重量份计的原料:包括以下按重量份计的原料:聚异丁烯25份、丁基橡胶17份、增粘树脂26份、抗氧化剂2份、紫外吸收剂1份和填料25份。第二热熔胶层23的沥青改性胶层所用的沥青改性胶包括以下按重量份计的原料:沥青60份、苯乙烯丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物5份、抗氧化剂1份和增粘树脂10份。
上述的两道防水的防水卷材的施工工艺,包括以下步骤:将第一防水层1铺设在底板上并进行固定,然后将第二防水层2中的第一热熔胶层21与第一防水层1进行粘合,完成两道防水的防水卷材的施工。
结合实施例1~5各层的配方,第一热熔胶层21和第二热熔胶层23所用原料的配方具体见表1。
表1实施例1~5的第一热熔胶层21和第二热熔胶层23的组成配方
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1的不同之处在于:对比例1中没有第二防水层2。
对比例2
对比例2与实施例1的不同之处在于:对比例2的第二防水层2中没有第一热熔胶层21。
性能测试
分别对实施例1~4和对比例1~2的卷材进行硬度、拉伸强度测试、抗窜水性测试和耐水性测试,具体数据见表1。
由表1可知,对比例1中只有一道防水层,抗窜水性能和耐水性明显低于实施例1~5,对比例2中第二防水层22中没有第二热熔胶层23,第二防水层2中只有第一热熔胶层21和连接膜层22,由于没有第二热熔胶层23,使得耐水性明显降低,第一热熔胶层21的小分子物质或杂性物质的渗透,使得第一热熔胶层21的粘性下降,防水卷材的密封性也受到影响,使得抗窜水性能也降低。
实施例1~5的防水卷材在第一热熔胶层21与第一防水层1之间,设置了连接膜层22和第二热熔胶层23,有效提高粘结性能,第二热熔胶层23与第一防水层11自粘合,避免发生起拱、翘边等问题,而且正是因为有连接膜层22和第二热熔胶层23的封闭,第一热熔胶层21中的小分子材料在高温下不易挥发或迁移,能保持第一防水层1和第二防水层2之间的黏性,提高抗窜水性能,能有效满足室内外建筑的防水要求。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式,不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围,本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种两道防水的防水卷材,其特征在于,包括第一防水层和第二防水层;第二防水层从上到下依次设有砂子层、第一热熔胶层、连接膜层和第二热熔胶层,第二热熔胶层与第一防水层粘合;还包括离型膜;离型膜设置在第二热熔胶层的粘结面上;
其中,第一热熔胶层为苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯胶层;连接膜层为交叉膜层和/或高密度聚乙烯层;第二热熔胶层为苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯胶层、丁基胶层和沥青改性胶层中的一种或两种以上复合层;第一防水层为高密度聚乙烯层和/或交叉膜;
所述苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯胶层所用的原料包括以下按重量份计的成分:5~10份聚异丁烯、20~35份苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯、30~50份增粘树脂、1~2份抗氧化剂和0 .5~1份偶联剂;
所述两道防水的防水卷材的拉伸强度大于20MPa、与后浇混凝土剥离强度大于3N/mm,水力梯度试验中能10h维持效果。
2.如权利要求1所述的两道防水的防水卷材,其特征在于,所述第一热熔胶层和第二热熔胶层均为苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯胶层。
3.如权利要求1所述的两道防水的防水卷材,其特征在于,所述丁基胶层所用的丁基胶包括以下按重量份计的原料:聚异丁烯10~30份、丁基橡胶20~35份、增粘树脂30~50份、抗氧化剂1~2份和紫外吸收剂0 .5~1份。
4.如权利要求1所述的两道防水的防水卷材,其特征在于,所述丁基胶层所用的丁基胶包括以下按重量份计的原料:聚异丁烯10~30份、丁基橡胶10~20份、增粘树脂20~30份、抗氧化剂1~2份、紫外吸收剂0 .5~1份和填料20~30份。
5.如权利要求1所述的两道防水的防水卷材,其特征在于,所述沥青改性胶层所用的沥青改性胶包括以下按重量份计的原料:沥青60~70份、苯乙烯丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物5~10份、抗氧化剂1~2份和增粘树脂10~20份。
6.权利要求1~5任一项所述的两道防水的防水卷材的施工工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:将第一防水层铺设在底板上并进行固定,然后将第二防水层中的第二热熔胶层与第一防水层进行粘合,完成两道防水的防水卷材的施工。
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KR102551933B1 (ko) * | 2022-10-06 | 2023-07-05 | (주)리뉴시스템 | 폐플라스틱을 이용한 점착 접착형 복합 방수재 및 이를 이용한 방수 시공방법 |
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