CN117118107A - Four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor - Google Patents
Four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN117118107A CN117118107A CN202311087626.6A CN202311087626A CN117118107A CN 117118107 A CN117118107 A CN 117118107A CN 202311087626 A CN202311087626 A CN 202311087626A CN 117118107 A CN117118107 A CN 117118107A
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 230
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/52—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N15/00—Holding or levitation devices using magnetic attraction or repulsion, not otherwise provided for
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor, which comprises a rotor, a suspension stator, a torque stator, a suspension coil, a torque coil, a non-magnetic support frame and a rotating shaft, wherein the torque stator and the non-magnetic support frame are tightly arranged in the suspension stator, and the non-magnetic support frame is arranged between the torque stator and the suspension stator; the rotor is arranged in the suspension stator and the torque stator and sleeved on the rotating shaft; the torque stator consists of eight C-shaped structures, each tooth of each C-shaped structure is wound with a torque coil, and four-phase torque windings formed by the torque coils are conducted in turn to generate torque; the pole arc angle of the suspension tooth is equal to a rotor period angle, so that natural decoupling of suspension force and torque is realized structurally. According to the levitation force generation mechanism, the levitation excitation mode is divided into an electromagnetic mode and a permanent magnet bias mode, and the levitation excitation mode can be selected according to different working conditions and has strong adaptability; the torque and the suspension magnetic circuit are short magnetic circuits and have constant directions, so that the core loss can be reduced, and the power utilization rate can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic suspension switch reluctance motor, in particular to a four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switch reluctance motor.
Background
The bearingless switch reluctance motor integrates two functions of rotation and suspension, so that the problems of loss, heating and the like caused by friction of a mechanical bearing during high-speed running of the motor can be effectively solved, and the high-speed adaptability of the switch reluctance motor can be further brought into play, thereby strengthening the application foundation of the switch reluctance motor in the high-speed fields of flywheel energy storage, aerospace, machine tools, ships and the like. However, the bearingless switched reluctance motors with the traditional structures, such as 12/8, 6/4 and 8/6, have serious coupling problems between torque and levitation force due to the restriction of an operation mechanism, have high requirements on a control algorithm, further cause poor high-speed levitation performance of the motors with the structures, have complex and huge control circuits, have a levitation dead zone, can not realize levitation at any position angle, and have poor control flexibility.
The switch reluctance motor with rotation capability and the magnetic suspension bearing with suspension capability are further structurally integrated, so that natural decoupling of the bearingless switch reluctance motor on rotation and suspension is realized, the bearingless motor is favorably reduced in size, a control system is simplified, and the bearingless switch reluctance motor is still one of research hot spots.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor which has no torque dead zone, can effectively reduce levitation power consumption and increase output power.
The technical scheme is as follows: the four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor comprises a rotor, a suspension stator, a torque stator, a suspension coil, a torque coil, a non-magnetic support frame and a rotating shaft, wherein the torque stator and the non-magnetic support frame are tightly arranged in the suspension stator, and the non-magnetic support frame is arranged between the torque stator and the suspension stator; the rotor is arranged in the suspension stator and the torque stator and sleeved on the rotating shaft;
the torque stator consists of eight C-shaped structures; the C-shaped structure is a salient pole structure, and the number of teeth of each C-shaped structure is two; the two teeth in each C-shaped structure are spatially 360 °/22 apart;
each tooth of the C-shaped structure is wound with a torque coil; two torque coils on each C-shaped structure are connected into a torque coil string; two torque coil strings with 180 degrees of space difference are connected into a torque winding, and an A-phase torque winding, a B-phase torque winding, a C-phase torque winding and a D-phase torque winding are sequentially arranged anticlockwise from the positive direction of the X axis;
a C-shaped structure and a non-magnetic support frame are arranged between two adjacent teeth of the suspension stator, and the center line of the C-shaped structure and the center line of the non-magnetic support frame are overlapped with the center line of two adjacent teeth of the suspension stator;
each suspension tooth of the suspension stator is wound with a suspension coil, and two suspension coils positioned at the positions with the space angles of 22.5 degrees and 337.5 degrees are connected into a suspension winding which is an X-axis forward suspension winding; two levitation coils positioned at the positions with the space angles of 67.5 degrees and 112.5 degrees are connected into one levitation winding which is a Y-axis forward levitation winding; two levitation coils positioned at the positions with the space angles of 157.5 degrees and 202.5 degrees are connected into one levitation winding which is an X-axis negative levitation winding; two levitation coils positioned at the positions with the space angles of 247.5 degrees and 292.5 degrees are connected into one levitation winding which is a negative-direction levitation winding of the Y axis.
Further, the suspension stator is of a salient pole structure, eight suspension teeth are uniformly distributed on the circumference space, and the distance between the teeth is 45 degrees; the pole arc angle of the floating stator floating teeth is equal to 360 DEG/22 of one rotor period angle.
Further, the rotor is of a salient pole structure, 22 rotor teeth are uniformly distributed on the circumference space, and the tooth-to-tooth phase difference is 360 degrees/22.
Further, the non-magnetic support frame is of a concave structure.
Further, magnetic flux generated by applying current to each suspension winding passes through the suspension teeth, the radial air gap, the rotor teeth, the rotor yoke, the rotor teeth close to the suspension teeth on the adjacent side, the radial air gap, the suspension teeth on the adjacent side and the stator yoke, and finally the suspension teeth form a closed loop;
when the current applied to the X-axis forward levitation winding is i x1 When the device is used, a levitation force along the positive direction of the X axis is generated; when the current applied to the Y-axis forward levitation winding is i y1 When the device is used, a levitation force along the positive direction of the Y axis is generated; similarly, when the X-axis negative direction and the Y-axis negative direction suspension windings apply current i x2 、i y2 When the device is used, a suspension force along the negative direction of the X axis and a suspension force along the negative direction of the Y axis are respectively generated; the four generated levitation forces are spatially uniformly distributed with a 90 deg. phase difference from each other.
The four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor comprises a rotor, a suspension stator, a torque stator, a suspension coil, a torque coil, a non-magnetic support frame, a rotating shaft and permanent magnets, wherein the torque stator and the non-magnetic support frame are tightly arranged in the suspension stator, and the non-magnetic support frame is arranged between the torque stator and the suspension stator; the rotor is arranged in the suspension stator and the torque stator and sleeved on the rotating shaft;
the torque stator consists of eight C-shaped structures; the C-shaped structure is a salient pole structure, and the number of teeth of each C-shaped structure is two; the two teeth in each C-shaped structure are spatially 360 °/22 apart;
each tooth of the C-shaped structure is wound with a torque coil; two torque coils on each C-shaped structure are connected into a torque coil string, and the total number of the torque coils is eight; two torque coil strings with 180 degrees of space difference are connected into a torque winding, and an A-phase torque winding, a B-phase torque winding, a C-phase torque winding and a D-phase torque winding are sequentially arranged anticlockwise from the positive direction of the X axis;
the suspension stator is provided with suspension teeth, and the central line angles of the suspension teeth are respectively 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees, 180 degrees, 225 degrees, 270 degrees and 315 degrees;
a C-shaped structure and a non-magnetic support frame are arranged between every two adjacent suspension teeth, and the center line of the C-shaped structure and the center line of the non-magnetic support frame are overlapped with the center line of the two adjacent suspension teeth;
four suspension teeth positioned at the positions of 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree of space angle are respectively wound with a suspension coil; two suspension coils positioned at the positions with the space angles of 0 DEG and 180 DEG are connected into one suspension winding which is an X-axis suspension winding; two suspension coils positioned at the positions with the space angles of 90 degrees and 270 degrees are connected into one suspension winding which is a Y-axis suspension winding;
four suspension teeth positioned at the positions of the space angles of 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees and 315 degrees are respectively provided with a rectangular through hole; each rectangular through hole is respectively embedded with a permanent magnet;
the bias flux generated by applying current to each permanent magnet is divided into two parts by a suspension tooth, a radial air gap and a rotor tooth of the embedded permanent magnet: one path passes through the rotor yoke, the rotor teeth close to the adjacent side suspension teeth, the radial air gap, the adjacent side suspension teeth and the adjacent side stator yoke, and finally reaches the suspension teeth to form a closed loop; the other path passes through the rotor yoke, the rotor teeth close to the adjacent floating teeth on the other side, the radial air gap, the adjacent floating teeth on the other side and the adjacent stator yoke on the other side, and finally reaches the floating teeth to form a closed loop; finally, two closed loops are formed between the suspension teeth containing the permanent magnet and two adjacent suspension teeth, eight bias magnetic flux polarities are distributed alternately in space, wherein the bias magnetic flux polarity of the suspension teeth in the positive direction of the X axis is N.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable effects:
1. according to the invention, the torque and the levitation magnetic circuit are separated from each other without influence, so that the torque and the levitation force are naturally decoupled in structure, and the control is simple;
2. the bearingless motor with the decoupling structure is manufactured by four phases of work, a torque dead zone does not exist, and the torque pulsation is reduced and the output power of the motor is increased;
3. the four-phase torque magnetic circuits are of short magnetic circuit structures, are mutually isolated from phases, have good fault tolerance performance and are beneficial to reducing the core loss; in addition, when the motor operates, the magnetic flux direction of the yoke part of the stator is not changed, which is beneficial to further reducing the loss of the stator core;
4. the suspension pole of the motor adopts two different excitation modes, namely electromagnetic type and permanent magnet offset type, and can be selected according to different working condition requirements, so that the adaptability is high; the permanent magnet bias excitation simplifies suspension control and can effectively reduce suspension power consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of an electromagnetic four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the levitated magnetic flux generated by the four-phase levitated winding current of the electromagnetic four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux generated by the a-phase torque winding current of the electromagnetic four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor when the stator and rotor teeth are in a non-aligned position.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux generated by the a-phase torque winding current of the electromagnetic four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor when the stator and rotor teeth are in an aligned position.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a permanent magnet biased four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the bias magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet of the permanent magnet bias four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switch reluctance motor and the levitation magnetic flux generated by the two-phase levitation winding current.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux generated by the A-phase torque winding current of the permanent magnet biased four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor of the present invention when the stator and rotor teeth are in a misaligned position.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux generated by the a-phase torque winding current of the permanent magnet biased four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor of the present invention when the stator and rotor teeth are in aligned positions.
Reference numerals illustrate: in FIGS. 1 to 81 is a rotor, 2 is a suspension stator, 3 is a torque stator, 4 is a suspension coil, 5 is a torque coil, 6 is a non-magnetic support frame, 7 is a rotating shaft, 8 is a first suspension magnetic flux generated by an X-axis positive suspension winding current of an electromagnetic four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor, 9 is a second suspension magnetic flux generated by a Y-axis positive suspension winding current of the electromagnetic four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor, 10 is a third suspension magnetic flux generated by an X-axis negative suspension winding current of the electromagnetic four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor, 11 is a fourth suspension magnetic flux generated by a Y-axis negative suspension winding current of the electromagnetic four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor, 12 is a fifth torque magnetic flux generated by an A-phase torque winding current of the electromagnetic four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor when stator teeth and rotor teeth are in a non-aligned position, and 13 is a sixth torque magnetic flux generated by the A-phase torque winding current of the electromagnetic four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor when stator teeth and rotor teeth are in a aligned position; 14 is a permanent magnet, 15 is a seventh bias magnetic flux generated by four permanent magnets of the permanent magnet bias four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor, 16 is an eighth suspension magnetic flux generated by X-axis suspension winding current of the permanent magnet bias four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor, 17 is a ninth torque magnetic flux generated by A-phase torque winding current of the permanent magnet bias four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor when stator and rotor teeth are in a non-aligned position, 18 is a tenth torque magnetic flux generated by A-phase torque winding current of the permanent magnet bias four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor when stator and rotor teeth are in an aligned position, i a + is the inflow current of the A-phase torque winding, i a -the current flowing out of the a-phase torque winding, i x1 +、i y1 +、i x2 +、i y2 + is the inflow current of the X-axis positive direction, the Y-axis positive direction, the X-axis negative direction and the Y-axis negative direction suspension windings of the electromagnetic four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switch reluctance motor respectively, i x1 -、i y1 -、i x2 -、i y2 -the current flows, i, of the X-axis positive, Y-axis positive, X-axis negative and Y-axis negative levitation windings of an electromagnetic four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor, respectively x X-axis suspension winding of permanent magnet bias type four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motorGroup inflow current, i x -current i is output to X-axis suspension winding of permanent magnet bias type four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor y + is permanent magnet bias type four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switch reluctance motor Y-axis suspension winding inflow current, i y -the current flowing out of the Y-axis suspension winding of the permanent magnet bias type four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor is X, Y, Z, and the three coordinate axes are respectively three coordinate axes of a space rectangular coordinate system.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an electromagnetic four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor.
As shown in fig. 1, the electromagnetic four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor of the present invention comprises: the rotor 1, the suspension stator 2, the torque stator 3, the suspension coil 4, the torque coil 5, the non-magnetic support frame 6 and the rotating shaft 7, X and Y, Z are three coordinate axes of a space rectangular coordinate system respectively; the X axis is defined as the horizontal direction, the Y axis is the vertical direction, the positive direction of the X axis is the zero-degree space angle position, and the space angle is positive when the anticlockwise direction changes.
The torque stator 3 and the non-magnetic support frame 6 are arranged in the suspension stator 2, the non-magnetic support frame 6 is arranged between the torque stator 3 and the suspension stator 2, and the torque stator, the non-magnetic support frame and the suspension stator are closely arranged; the rotor 1 is arranged in the suspension stator 2 and the torque stator 3 and sleeved on the rotating shaft 7;
the torque stator 3 is composed of eight C-shaped structures; the C-shaped structures are salient pole structures, the number of teeth of each C-shaped structure is 2, and the eight C-shaped structures comprise 16 teeth in total; the two teeth in each C-shaped structure are spatially 360 °/22 apart, i.e. 16.36 °;
the non-magnetic support frame 6 is of a concave structure, and the total number of the non-magnetic support frame is eight;
the suspension stator 2 is of a salient pole structure, and the number of suspension teeth is eight; eight suspension teeth of the suspension stator 2 are uniformly distributed on the circumference space, and the teeth are separated by 45 degrees; the pole arc angle of the suspension stator suspension teeth is equal to 360 degrees/22 of one rotor period angle, namely 16.36 degrees;
a C-shaped structure and a non-magnetic supporting frame 6 are arranged between two adjacent suspension teeth of the suspension stator 2, and eight C-shaped structures and eight non-magnetic supporting frames 6 are arranged in total; the center line of the C-shaped structure and the center line of the non-magnetic conduction support frame 6 are overlapped with the center lines of two adjacent suspension teeth of the suspension stator 2;
the rotor 1 is of a salient pole structure, and the number of teeth is 22; the 22 rotor teeth are uniformly distributed in space, and the teeth are different from one another by 360 degrees/22 degrees, namely 16.36 degrees;
each tooth of the C-shaped structure is wound with a torque coil 5; the torque coils 5 on two teeth of each C-shaped structure are connected into a torque coil string, and the total number of the torque coils is eight; two torque coil strings with 180 degrees of space difference are connected into one torque winding, and the total number of the two torque coil strings is four; the four torque windings are A, B, C and D-phase torque windings in turn anticlockwise from the positive direction of the X axis;
the central line angles of the suspension stator suspension teeth are 22.5 degrees, 67.5 degrees, 112.5 degrees, 157.5 degrees, 202.5 degrees, 247.5 degrees, 292.5 degrees and 337.5 degrees respectively;
each suspension tooth of the suspension stator 2 is wound with a suspension coil 4, and the number of the suspension coils is eight; two levitation coils 4 positioned at the positions with the space angles of 22.5 degrees and 337.5 degrees are connected into one levitation winding, namely an X-axis forward levitation winding; the two levitation coils 4 positioned at the positions with the space angles of 67.5 degrees and 112.5 degrees are connected into one levitation winding, namely a Y-axis forward levitation winding; two levitation coils 4 positioned at the positions with the space angles of 157.5 degrees and 202.5 degrees are connected into one levitation winding, namely an X-axis negative levitation winding; the two levitation coils 4 located at the positions of the space angles 247.5 ° and 292.5 ° are connected as one levitation winding, i.e., a Y-axis negative levitation winding.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a levitation flux generated by four-phase levitation winding current of the electromagnetic four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor according to the present invention is shown, wherein a levitation flux generated by an X-axis positive levitation winding current is defined as a first levitation flux 8, a levitation flux generated by a Y-axis positive levitation winding current is defined as a second levitation flux 9, a levitation flux generated by an X-axis negative levitation winding current is defined as a third levitation flux 10, a levitation flux generated by a Y-axis negative levitation winding current is defined as a fourth levitation flux 11, and X and Y are respectively two coordinate axes of a rectangular planar coordinate system; the X axis is defined as the horizontal direction and the Y axis as the vertical direction.
Each suspension tooth of the suspension stator 2 is wound with one suspension coil 4, and the polarities of magnetic fluxes generated when the eight suspension coils 4 are electrified are distributed in an SSNNSSNN space anticlockwise from the positive direction of the X axis; the suspension coils 4 on two adjacent suspension teeth with the central lines in the X-axis and Y-axis directions are connected in series to form a suspension winding, and four suspension windings are sequentially arranged in the X-axis positive direction, the Y-axis positive direction, the X-axis negative direction and the Y-axis negative direction. The magnetic flux generated by applying current to each suspension winding passes through the suspension teeth, the radial air gap, the rotor teeth, the rotor yoke, the rotor teeth close to the suspension teeth on the adjacent side, the radial air gap, the suspension teeth on the adjacent side and the stator yoke, and finally the suspension teeth form a closed loop, namely, a closed loop is formed between two adjacent suspension teeth with the central line in the X axis and Y axis directions, and the number of the closed loops is four.
When the current applied to the X-axis forward levitation winding is i x1 When the device is used, a levitation force along the positive direction of the X-axis (which is exactly coincident with the center line of two levitation teeth where the positive X-axis levitation winding is positioned) is generated; when the current applied to the Y-axis forward levitation winding is i y1 When the device is used, a levitation force along the positive direction of the Y axis is generated; similarly, when the X-axis negative direction and the Y-axis negative direction suspension windings apply current i x2 、i y2 When the suspension force is generated, a suspension force along the negative X-axis direction and a suspension force along the negative Y-axis direction are generated. The four generated levitation forces are spatially uniformly distributed with a 90 deg. phase difference from each other.
Therefore, the magnitude of the current of the four levitation windings is reasonably controlled by adopting a control mode of a traditional eight-stage electromagnetic bearing to control the magnitude of the four levitation forces, so that the levitation forces in any direction and magnitude are generated, and finally, the levitation operation of the rotor is realized.
Since the pole arc angle of the levitation teeth is equal to one rotor period angle, the reluctance of the four levitation magnetic circuits is constant and does not change with the change of the rotor position. Therefore, the four levitation winding inductances can be regarded as constant values, and the torque generated by the levitation winding current is zero, so that the natural decoupling of the torque and the levitation force on the structure is realized.
As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the magnetic flux diagrams generated by the a-phase torque winding current of the electromagnetic four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor of the invention when the stator teeth and the rotor teeth are in the non-aligned position and the aligned position are respectively shown, wherein the magnetic flux generated by the a-phase torque winding current when the stator teeth and the rotor teeth are in the non-aligned position is defined as a fifth torque magnetic flux 12, the magnetic flux generated by the a-phase torque winding current when the stator teeth and the rotor teeth are in the aligned position is defined as a sixth torque magnetic flux 13, and x and Y are respectively defined as two coordinate axes of a rectangular coordinate system; the X axis is defined as the horizontal direction and the Y axis as the vertical direction.
When the current applied by the A-phase torque winding is i a When the motor is used, a dipolar symmetrical magnetic flux is generated, and the magnetic flux is distributed on four torque teeth where the A-phase torque winding is positioned in NSNS in space from the positive direction of the X axis anticlockwise; each flux circuit is: one tooth of the C-shaped structure, a radial air gap, a rotor tooth, a rotor yoke, an adjacent rotor tooth, a radial air gap, the other tooth of the C-shaped structure, a stator yoke of the C-shaped structure and then an initial tooth of the C-shaped structure are closed, and the magnetic flux is magnetic flux distributed in a short magnetic circuit; similarly, when current is applied to the B, C and D phase torque windings, a short magnetic circuit magnetic flux with two poles symmetrically distributed is generated, wherein the magnetic flux generated by the B, D two phase torque windings on the four torque teeth is distributed in SNSN (positive X-axis) in a counterclockwise direction in space, and the magnetic flux generated by the C phase torque windings is distributed in NSNS (non-positive X-axis) as the magnetic flux generated by the A phase torque windings; by adopting a traditional switch reluctance motor driving mode, A, B, C, D four-phase torque windings are conducted in turn, and the magnetic field generated by the torque winding current always tends to be 'minimum in magnetic resistance' to generate magnetic reluctance electromagnetic torque, so that the rotor 1 always turns from the 'non-aligned' position of the stator pole and the rotor pole to the 'aligned' position, and the rotating operation of the motor is realized.
Example two
The embodiment provides a permanent magnet bias type four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor.
As shown in FIG. 5, the permanent magnet offset type four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor comprises a rotor 1, a suspension stator 2, a torque stator 3, a suspension coil 4, a torque coil 5, a non-magnetic support frame 6, a rotating shaft 7 and a permanent magnet 14, wherein X and Y, Z are three coordinate axes of a space rectangular coordinate system respectively; the X axis is defined as the horizontal direction, the Y axis is the vertical direction, the positive direction of the X axis is the zero-degree space angle position, and the space angle is positive when the anticlockwise direction changes.
The torque stator 3 and the non-magnetic support frame 6 are arranged in the suspension stator 2, the non-magnetic support frame 6 is arranged between the torque stator 3 and the suspension stator 2, and the torque stator, the non-magnetic support frame and the suspension stator are closely arranged; the rotor 1 is arranged in the levitation stator 2 and the torque stator 3 and is sleeved on the rotating shaft 7.
The torque stator 3 is composed of eight C-shaped structures; the C-shaped structures are salient pole structures, the number of teeth of each C-shaped structure is two, and the total number of the eight C-shaped structures comprises 16 teeth; the two teeth in each C-shaped structure are spatially 360 °/22 apart, i.e. 16.36 °;
the non-magnetic support frame 6 is of a concave structure, and the total number of the non-magnetic support frame is eight;
the suspension stator 2 is of a salient pole structure, and the number of suspension teeth is eight; eight suspension teeth of the suspension stator 2 are uniformly distributed on the circumference space, and the teeth are separated by 45 degrees; the pole arc angle of the suspension stator suspension teeth is equal to 360 degrees/22 of one rotor period angle, namely 16.36 degrees;
a C-shaped structure and a non-magnetic supporting frame are arranged between two adjacent suspension teeth of the suspension stator 2, and eight C-shaped structures and eight non-magnetic supporting frames 6 are arranged in total; the center lines of the C-shaped structure and the center lines of the non-magnetic conduction support frame 6 are overlapped with the center lines of two adjacent suspension teeth of the suspension stator 2.
The rotor 1 is of a salient pole structure, and the number of teeth is 22; the 22 rotor teeth are spatially evenly distributed, with the teeth differing from tooth to tooth by 360/22, i.e. 16.36.
Each tooth of the C-shaped structure is wound with 1 torque coil; the torque coils on 2 teeth of each C-shaped structure are connected into 1 torque coil string, and the total number of the torque coils is 8; the 2 torque coil strings which are 180 degrees different in space are connected into 1 torque winding, and the total number of the torque windings is 4; the 4 torque windings are A, B, C and D-phase torque windings in turn anticlockwise from the positive direction of the X axis.
The central line angles of the suspension teeth on the suspension stator are respectively 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree, 180 degree, 225 degree, 270 degree and 315 degree;
the suspension stator 2 is respectively wound with a suspension coil 4 on four suspension teeth at the positions of 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree of space angle; two levitation coils 4 positioned at the positions with the space angles of 0 degrees and 180 degrees are connected into one levitation winding, namely an X-axis levitation winding; the two levitation coils 4 positioned at the positions of the space angles of 90 ° and 270 ° are connected as one levitation winding, i.e., Y-axis levitation winding.
The four suspension teeth of the suspension stator 2, which are positioned at the positions of the space angles of 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees and 315 degrees, are respectively provided with a rectangular through hole; the permanent magnets 14 have a rectangular structure, and four permanent magnets are arranged; each suspension stator tooth with a rectangular through hole is respectively embedded with one permanent magnet 14, and the number of the permanent magnets is four.
As shown in fig. 6, a schematic diagram of a levitation flux generated by two-phase levitation winding current of the permanent magnet bias four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor according to the present invention is shown, wherein the flux generated by four permanent magnets is defined as a seventh bias flux 15, the flux generated by x-axis levitation winding current is defined as an eighth levitation flux 16, and x and Y are two coordinate axes of a rectangular planar coordinate system respectively; the X axis is defined as the horizontal direction and the Y axis as the vertical direction.
When four suspension stator teeth with rectangular through holes are respectively embedded into one permanent magnet 14, the offset magnetic flux generated by each permanent magnet 14 is divided into two parts by the suspension teeth, radial air gaps and rotor teeth embedded into the permanent magnet 14, one part is divided into eight parts by the rotor yoke, the rotor teeth close to the adjacent suspension teeth on one side, the radial air gaps, the adjacent suspension teeth on one side and the adjacent stator yoke on one side, finally, the other part forms a closed loop by the rotor yoke, the rotor teeth close to the adjacent suspension teeth on the other side, the radial air gaps, the adjacent suspension teeth on the other side and the adjacent stator yoke on the other side, and finally, the closed loop is formed by the suspension teeth containing the permanent magnet, namely, two closed loops are formed between the suspension teeth containing the permanent magnet and the adjacent two suspension teeth, the offset magnetic flux polarity is distributed alternately in space, namely, NS is distributed, and the offset magnetic flux polarity of the suspension teeth on the positive direction of X axis is N.
When current is applied to the X-axis suspension winding and the Y-axis suspension winding on the suspension stator teeth, a dipolar symmetrical magnetic flux is generated, and the magnetic flux generated by each suspension winding passes through the suspension teeth, the radial air gap, the rotor teeth, the rotor yoke, the opposite rotor teeth, the radial air gap, the opposite suspension teeth and the stator yokes on two sides, and finally, a closed loop is formed by the suspension teeth, namely, two suspension teeth in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction respectively form a closed loop; defining positive current of the X-axis suspension winding to flow in along the X-axis positive half shaft direction and flow out along the X-axis negative half shaft direction; the positive current of the Y-axis suspension winding flows in along the direction of the positive half shaft of the Y-axis and flows out along the direction of the negative half shaft of the Y-axis.
When the forward current is applied to the X-axis suspension winding to be i x When the magnetic flux is positive, the polarity of the generated two-stage symmetrical magnetic flux is N in the positive direction of the X axis, and the polarity of the generated two-stage symmetrical magnetic flux is opposite to the polarity of the generated two-stage symmetrical magnetic flux in the negative direction of the X axis, so that a levitation force along the positive direction of the X axis is generated; when the forward current is applied to the Y-axis suspension winding as i y When the magnetic flux is positive, the polarity of the generated two-stage symmetrical magnetic flux is N in the positive direction of the Y axis, and the polarity of the generated two-stage symmetrical magnetic flux is opposite to the polarity of the generated two-stage symmetrical magnetic flux in the negative direction of the Y axis, so that a levitation force along the positive direction of the Y axis is generated; similarly, when negative current is applied to the X-axis suspension winding and the Y-axis suspension winding, a suspension force along the X-axis negative direction and a suspension force along the Y-axis negative direction are generated respectively; the four generated levitation forces are spatially uniformly distributed with a 90 deg. phase difference from each other.
Therefore, the magnitude and the direction of the currents of the two levitation windings are reasonably controlled by adopting a control mode of a traditional electromagnetic bearing to control the magnitude of four levitation forces, so that levitation forces with any direction and magnitude are generated, and finally, the levitation operation of the rotor is realized.
Since the pole arc angle of the levitated stator teeth is equal to one rotor period angle, the reluctance of the two levitated magnetic circuits is constant and does not change with the position change of the rotor. Therefore, the two levitation winding inductances can be regarded as constant values, and the torque generated by the levitation winding current is zero, so that the natural decoupling of the torque and the levitation force on the structure is realized.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the magnetic flux diagrams generated by the a-phase torque winding current of the permanent magnet bias type four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor are respectively shown when the stator teeth and the rotor teeth are in aligned positions and in non-aligned positions, wherein the magnetic flux generated by the a-phase torque winding current when the stator teeth and the rotor teeth are in the non-aligned positions is defined as ninth torque magnetic flux 17, the magnetic flux generated by the a-phase torque winding current when the stator teeth and the rotor teeth are in the aligned positions is defined as tenth torque magnetic flux 18, and x and Y are respectively two coordinate axes of a rectangular planar coordinate system; the X axis is defined as the horizontal direction and the Y axis as the vertical direction.
When the current applied by the A-phase torque winding is i a When a dipolar symmetric flux is generated, the flux distribution generated by the A, B, C and D phase torque windings on the torque teeth is consistent with that described in example one; and the magnetic flux paths when the stator and rotor teeth are in the misaligned position and the aligned position as shown in fig. 7 and 8 are completely identical to those shown in fig. 3 and 4, the torque generation and control principle of the second embodiment is identical to that described in the first embodiment.
It should be noted that in the two embodiments, the pole arc angle of the floating stator teeth is equal to one rotor period angle, so that the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit formed by the floating winding and the permanent magnet in the floating stator is not changed along with the change of the rotor position, and therefore, the floating winding and the permanent magnet do not generate motion electromotive force and do not generate torque. Thus, the present invention can structurally achieve a natural decoupling of torque and levitation force.
In summary, the invention discloses a four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor. The motor stator consists of a suspension stator and a torque stator, the rotor stably rotates by utilizing output torque generated by four-phase torque windings on the torque stator teeth in turn, and the rotor stably suspends by utilizing radial suspension force generated by suspension windings on the suspension stator teeth. The pole arc angle of the suspension stator teeth is equal to a rotor period angle, so that the inductance of the suspension winding is constant, the motion electromotive force is zero, no torque is generated, and the natural decoupling of the torque and the suspension force is realized structurally. In addition, the motor is a four-phase motor, so that the problem of torque dead zone of the traditional switch reluctance motor is solved, torque pulsation is reduced, and output power is increased. The torque and the suspension magnetic circuit are short magnetic circuits, have constant directions, are favorable for reducing the core loss and improving the power utilization rate of the motor. The torque control adopts a driving mode of a traditional switch reluctance motor, the suspension control adopts different control modes according to different excitation modes, and the torque control can be selected according to different working condition demands, so that the adaptability is strong.
Other advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description of the embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific examples, but only one form of the present invention will be described in detail and exemplarily by way of example. It is intended that all technical solutions obtained by various equivalents according to the above-described specific examples by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention be included in the scope of the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor comprises a rotor (1), a suspension stator (2), a torque stator (3), a suspension coil (4), a torque coil (5), a non-magnetic support frame (6) and a rotating shaft (7), and is characterized in that the torque stator (3) and the non-magnetic support frame (6) are tightly arranged in the suspension stator (2), and the non-magnetic support frame (6) is arranged between the torque stator (3) and the suspension stator (2); the rotor (1) is arranged in the suspension stator (2) and the torque stator (3) and sleeved on the rotating shaft (7);
the torque stator (3) consists of eight C-shaped structures; the C-shaped structure is a salient pole structure, and the number of teeth of each C-shaped structure is two; the two teeth in each C-shaped structure are spatially 360 °/22 apart;
each tooth of the C-shaped structure is wound with a torque coil (5); two torque coils (5) on each C-shaped structure are connected into a torque coil string; two torque coil strings with 180 degrees of space difference are connected into a torque winding, and an A-phase torque winding, a B-phase torque winding, a C-phase torque winding and a D-phase torque winding are sequentially arranged anticlockwise from the positive direction of the X axis;
a C-shaped structure and a non-magnetic support frame (6) are arranged between two adjacent teeth of the suspension stator (2), and the center line of the C-shaped structure and the center line of the non-magnetic support frame (6) are overlapped with the center lines of two adjacent teeth of the suspension stator (2);
each suspension tooth of the suspension stator (2) is wound with a suspension coil (4), and the two suspension coils (4) positioned at the positions with the space angles of 22.5 degrees and 337.5 degrees are connected into a suspension winding which is an X-axis forward suspension winding; two suspension coils (4) positioned at the positions with the space angles of 67.5 degrees and 112.5 degrees are connected into one suspension winding which is a Y-axis forward suspension winding; two suspension coils (4) positioned at the positions with the space angles of 157.5 degrees and 202.5 degrees are connected into one suspension winding which is an X-axis negative suspension winding; two levitation coils (4) positioned at the positions with the space angles of 247.5 degrees and 292.5 degrees are connected into one levitation winding, and the levitation winding is a negative-direction levitation winding with the Y axis.
2. The four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension stator (2) is of salient pole structure, eight suspension teeth are uniformly distributed in circumferential space, and the teeth are separated by 45 ° from each other; the pole arc angle of the floating stator floating teeth is equal to 360 DEG/22 of one rotor period angle.
3. The four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor (1) is of salient pole construction, the 22 rotor teeth being evenly distributed in circumferential space, the teeth differing from tooth to tooth by 360 °/22.
4. The four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein the non-magnetically permeable support frame (6) is of a "concave" configuration.
5. The four-phase 24/22 pole bearingless switched reluctance motor of claim 1 wherein when current is applied to the X-axis levitation windings and the Y-axis levitation windings, a dipolar symmetric magnetic flux is generated, the magnetic flux generated by each levitation winding forming a closed loop through the levitation teeth, radial air gaps, rotor teeth, rotor yoke, rotor teeth adjacent to the levitation teeth on the adjacent side, radial air gaps, levitation teeth on the adjacent side, stator yoke, and finally to the levitation teeth;
when the current applied to the X-axis forward levitation winding is i x1 When the device is used, a levitation force along the positive direction of the X axis is generated; when Y-axis is positively suspended aroundThe applied current in the group is i y1 When the device is used, a levitation force along the positive direction of the Y axis is generated; similarly, when the X-axis negative direction and the Y-axis negative direction suspension windings apply current i x2 、i y2 When the device is used, a suspension force along the negative direction of the X axis and a suspension force along the negative direction of the Y axis are respectively generated; the four generated levitation forces are spatially uniformly distributed with a 90 deg. phase difference from each other.
6. The four-phase 24/22-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor comprises a rotor (1), a suspension stator (2), a torque stator (3), a suspension coil (4), a torque coil (5), a non-magnetic support frame (6) and a rotating shaft (7), and is characterized by further comprising a permanent magnet (14), wherein the torque stator (3) and the non-magnetic support frame (6) are tightly arranged in the suspension stator (2), and the non-magnetic support frame (6) is arranged between the torque stator (3) and the suspension stator (2); the rotor (1) is arranged in the suspension stator (2) and the torque stator (3) and sleeved on the rotating shaft (7);
the torque stator (3) consists of eight C-shaped structures; the C-shaped structure is a salient pole structure, and the number of teeth of each C-shaped structure is two; the two teeth in each C-shaped structure are spatially 360 °/22 apart;
each tooth of the C-shaped structure is wound with a torque coil (5); two torque coils (5) on each C-shaped structure are connected into a torque coil string, and the total number of the torque coils is eight; two torque coil strings with 180 degrees of space difference are connected into a torque winding, and an A-phase torque winding, a B-phase torque winding, a C-phase torque winding and a D-phase torque winding are sequentially arranged anticlockwise from the positive direction of the X axis;
the suspension stator (2) is provided with suspension teeth, and the central line angles of the suspension teeth are respectively 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees, 180 degrees, 225 degrees, 270 degrees and 315 degrees; the pole arc angle of the suspension tooth is equal to 360 degrees/22 of one rotor period angle;
a C-shaped structure and a non-magnetic support frame (6) are arranged between every two adjacent suspension teeth, and the center line of the C-shaped structure and the center line of the non-magnetic support frame (6) are overlapped with the center line of the two adjacent suspension teeth;
four suspension teeth positioned at the positions of 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree of space angle are respectively wound with a suspension coil (4); two suspension coils (4) positioned at the positions with the space angles of 0 degrees and 180 degrees are connected into one suspension winding which is an X-axis suspension winding; two suspension coils (4) positioned at the positions with the space angles of 90 degrees and 270 degrees are connected into one suspension winding which is a Y-axis suspension winding;
four suspension teeth positioned at the positions of the space angles of 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees and 315 degrees are respectively provided with a rectangular through hole; each rectangular through hole is respectively embedded with a permanent magnet (14);
the bias flux generated by applying current to each permanent magnet (14) is divided into two parts by a suspension tooth, a radial air gap and a rotor tooth of the embedded permanent magnet (14): one path passes through the rotor yoke, the rotor teeth close to the adjacent side suspension teeth, the radial air gap, the adjacent side suspension teeth and the adjacent side stator yoke, and finally reaches the suspension teeth to form a closed loop; the other path passes through the rotor yoke, the rotor teeth close to the adjacent floating teeth on the other side, the radial air gap, the adjacent floating teeth on the other side and the adjacent stator yoke on the other side, and finally reaches the floating teeth to form a closed loop; finally, two closed loops are formed between the suspension teeth containing the permanent magnets and two adjacent suspension teeth, eight loops are formed, and the polarities of the bias magnetic fluxes are distributed alternately in space.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117767684A (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-03-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | Three-section type magnetic circuit isolation type bearingless electro-magnetic doubly salient motor and suspension control method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117767684A (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-03-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | Three-section type magnetic circuit isolation type bearingless electro-magnetic doubly salient motor and suspension control method |
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