CN117115379A - SZ-IFC-to-3D Tiles-based conversion method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a conversion method based on SZ-IFC to 3D Tiles, which comprises the following steps: s1, analyzing an SZ-IFC file through a BIM engine to obtain geometric information and non-geometric information of a model; s2, mapping the texture information of the SZ-IFC material to a corresponding triangular surface; s3, calculating Cartesian coordinates of the origin of the model under a WGS84 system based on project base point coordinate information of the SZ-IFC; s4, constructing an LOD data structure from the analyzed BIM model data; and S5, outputting the 3D Tiles model according to the spatial index organization. According to the invention, by constructing the BIM model conversion tool, the SZ-IFC format file is converted into the 3D Tiles format of the GIS model, the rendering effect of the BIM model is enhanced, the accurate falling map of the BIM model on the CIM platform is realized, a high-quality data source is provided for constructing the CIM platform based on the BIM refined model, and the application value of the BIM model is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a data conversion method, in particular to a conversion method based on SZ-IFC to 3D Tiles.
Background
The IFC (i.e., industry Foundation Classes) file is an open, internationally standardized file format for describing information models of buildings, engineering and construction facilities, and is an important file type used in Building Information Model (BIM) workflows.
Currently, the IFC file is stored in a text format or a binary format, and includes detailed information such as geometry, structure, material properties, spatial relationship, construction, system information, etc. of the building and its components, and the data in the IFC file may include geometric models, object properties, association relationships, spatial distribution, construction sequences, etc. of the building. The purpose of the IFC file is to allow interoperability and data exchange between different architectural designs and engineering software, which provides a common neutral file format enabling applications on different software platforms to share architectural information and to ensure consistency and accuracy of the data. By using IFC files, building service participants can share relevant building information between design, construction, equipment management, and maintenance phases. This can enhance collaboration among teams, improve efficiency, and reduce errors in information transfer and data conversion. In summary, IFC files are an open standard file format for describing building, engineering, and construction equipment information for enabling interoperability and sharing of data in Building Information Model (BIM) workflows.
3D Tiles (i.e., 3D Tiles) are an open standard for organizing and delivering large-scale geospatial data. It is a format for storing, transmitting and visualizing three-dimensional geographic data that can be used to construct high-performance real-time three-dimensional maps, virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) applications. The 3D Tiles organize geospatial data in Tiles (Tiles), similar to Map Tiles (Map Tiles) in a Web Map. Each tile contains three-dimensional geographic data for a particular area, such as buildings, terrain, vegetation, etc. These tiles may be loaded and rendered as needed to meet the spatial data needs of a particular scene. Tiles may be subdivided according to a hierarchy (LOD) to provide data presentation at different levels of Detail. 3D Tiles support a variety of data types including point cloud data, triangular mesh data, raster data, and the like. It uses Web-based technologies (e.g., javaScript, HTML and CSS) to enable data interaction and visualization, enabling integration with modern Web browsers and geospatial software. Advantages of 3D Tiles include efficient data transmission and rendering, scalability, flexibility, and cross-platform interoperability. It provides a standardized method for developers to process and display large-scale three-dimensional geographic data, facilitating interactive geographic information visualization and analysis in a virtual environment. In summary, 3DTiles is an open standard for organizing and delivering large-scale geospatial data, and provides an efficient, scalable and cross-platform three-dimensional geographic data presentation manner by tiling the geographic data and utilizing Web technology to implement data interaction and visualization.
The CIM foundation platform is a foundation platform for building three-dimensional digital models such as buildings, infrastructures and the like on the basis of urban foundation geographic information, expressing and managing urban three-dimensional space, is a basic operation platform for urban planning, construction, management and operation work, and is a basic, key and physical information infrastructure of a smart city.
At present, the CIM foundation platform is built mainly by means of 3D (three-dimensional) Tiles data, a three-dimensional digital model is formed by further processing the 3D Tiles data, however, because when data are acquired, a lot of original data adopt IFC (information transformation center) format data, the CIM foundation platform cannot identify and use the IFC data, when the data are encountered, the corresponding information of buildings, infrastructures and the like is required to be edited again, and the engineering consumes a great deal of manpower and material resources, so that unnecessary resource waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defect that the CIM basic platform in the prior art can not identify and use IFC data, the invention provides a conversion method from SZ-IFC to 3D Tiles, which is designed by special steps, converts SZ-IFC files into 3D Tiles data format files, and then imports data into CIM for application.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method of converting SZ-IFCs to 3D Tiles, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, analyzing an SZ-IFC file through a BIM engine to obtain geometric information and non-geometric information of a model;
s2, mapping the texture information of the SZ-IFC material to a corresponding triangular surface;
s3, calculating Cartesian coordinates of the origin of the model under a WGS84 system based on project base point coordinate information of the SZ-IFC;
s4, constructing an LOD data structure from the analyzed BIM model data;
and S5, outputting the 3D Tiles model according to the spatial index organization.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems further comprises the following steps:
the SZ-IFC file comprises the following contents: building project information, building site information, building information, floor information, room information, entrance to a cave information and building member attribute information, wherein the building project information comprises the name of a project, the description of the project, the creation date of the project, building elements, space elements, geometric shapes and attribute information of structural elements, attribute information of materials used by the building elements and association relations among the elements; the geometric information includes size information, shape information, and position information; the non-geometric information includes label information of the model, attribute information of the model, and material information.
In the step S1, when the BIM engine parses the SZ-IFC file, the szifc file is loaded into the memory through the loadModel () function, all the IFC entities are obtained by using the getenties () method, the used BIM engine provides a loading method loadModel () for the IfcPlusPlus, BIM engine, reads the model, and extracts the corresponding information by adopting the method provided by the calling engine or the combination method, wherein the extracted information has the corresponding type in the engine: ifcsurfectexture, ifcmapcontrol, and ifccarteignpoint, and after reading the information, reorganizing data according to the triangle mesh half-side data structure, and performing model data structuring.
In the step S2, according to the surface of the texture of the map and the index information thereof, the pixel position information, i.e. the texture coordinate (u, v) value, on the texture map corresponding to each vertex is matched, and the texture is mapped to the corresponding triangular surface.
In the step S3, coordinate information data contained in the IfcMapConversion is directly read in the SZ-IFC file analysis process.
In the step S4, according to the projection length along the eastern coordinate axis and the projection length along the northern coordinate axis stored in the SZ-IFC file, the rotation angle is calculated by using an inverse trigonometric function, and the specific function method is as follows: double atan2 (double x), where x is the projection length along the eastern coordinate axis, y is the projection length along the northern coordinate axis, and the 6 th and 7 th numerical values (ifc_mapcontrol- > m_xaxisabscissa- > m_value, ifc_mapcontrol- > m_xaxisOrdinate- > m_value) in the ifcmapcontrol are directly read out by an engine provided method.
In the step S4, the azimuth angle is used to determine the direction of the model on the CIM platform, and when calculating the azimuth angle, the longitude and latitude coordinates corresponding to the project base point are calculated according to a coordinate conversion formula, wherein the coordinate conversion formula is to convert the plane coordinates into spherical coordinates by using a Proj coordinate conversion plug-in, and the Transform method of ogrcreatecooordinates transformation class is called to calculate the longitude and latitude coordinates corresponding to the project base point.
In the step S5, the maximum geometric error and the minimum geometric error of the group need to be calculated when the LOD data structure is constructed, the minimum geometric error is equal to the minimum geometric error of all the Mesh in the group, the maximum geometric error is equal to the AABB bounding box in the group, the geometric error of the Mesh takes the value of the minimum size (AABB) of the triangle, and the geometric error of each LOD level is obtained by interpolation between the maximum geometric error and the minimum geometric error through the geometric error decreasing coefficient.
If the AABB of the Mesh is smaller than the current geometric error, the Mesh is filtered, the triangular Mesh of the Mesh is simplified, and b3dm of each LOD level is finally output, wherein b3dm of each LOD level is output independently.
The grouping is carried out according to the standard of components or the texture, one component is a group or the same texture is divided into a group, and the geometric error determining method is a bounding box of the group and a minimum bounding box of the triangle; the user sets the decreasing coefficient a, next_geometry=a_geometry by himself.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, by constructing the BIM model conversion tool, the SZ-IFC format file is converted into the 3D Tiles format of the GIS model, the rendering effect of the BIM model is enhanced, the accurate falling map of the BIM model on the CIM platform is realized, a high-quality data source is provided for constructing the CIM platform based on the BIM refined model, and the application value of the BIM model is further improved.
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
This example is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and other principles and basic structures are the same as or similar to those of this example, and all fall within the scope of the present invention.
The invention mainly protects a conversion method from SZ-IFC to 3D tilles, which mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, analyzing the SZIFC file through a BIM engine to obtain geometric information and non-geometric information of the model.
In this embodiment, the SZ-IFC file mainly includes: building project information, building site information, building information, floor information, room information, entrance to a cave information, and building element attribute information. The details are as follows:
building project information: including the name, description, creation date, etc. of the item; geometric and attribute information for building elements (including walls, panels, roofs, windows, doors, etc.), space elements (including rooms, areas, stations, floors, etc.), structural elements (including columns, beams, stairways, etc.); attribute information of materials used by the building elements; association relationships between the elements, and the like.
Geometric information: including information on size, shape (points, lines, faces, etc.), location, etc.
Non-geometric information: including information such as labels, attributes (name, creator, etc.), textures (colors, textures, etc.), etc. of the model.
When the BIM engine analyzes the SZ-IFC file, the szifc file is loaded into the memory through a loadModel () function, all IFC entities are obtained by using a getEntities () method, and information such as all attributes of the entities can be read through a related function or method.
In this embodiment, the BIM engine is provided with a loading method loadModel () for the IfcPlusPlus, BIM engine, and the model can be read, and the corresponding extraction method can be adopted: the method or combination of methods provided by the engine is invoked. The extracted information has corresponding types in the engine, such as: ifcsurfectexture, ifcmapcontrol, and ifccarteignpoint, and after reading the information, reorganizing the data according to a triangle mesh half-side data structure (a data structure), and performing model data structuring.
And S2, mapping the texture information of the SZ-IFC material to the corresponding triangular surface.
In the embodiment, the triangular surface is the minimum unit of the SZ-IFC model grid, and texture information of materials and the corresponding triangular surface are subjected to one-to-one seating according to the associated ID value and index value; and matching pixel position information, namely texture coordinate (u, v) values, on the corresponding texture map of each vertex according to the surface of the texture of the map and index information thereof, and mapping the texture to the corresponding triangular surface. All the information is directly resolved from the SZ-IFC file, and is stored in the half data structure in step S1 according to the association relationship (association ID and index).
And S3, calculating Cartesian coordinates of the origin of the model under a WGS84 system based on project base point coordinate information of the SZ-IFC.
The project base point is a reference point (including origin coordinates x, y, z and north direction deflection angle) for building positioning reference, as an attribute of the IFC, the reference point is already set according to actual measurement data in modeling, and is written into an SZ-IFC file, and is recorded in ifcmapcontrol (belonging to the building information model data storage standard), and the specific embodiment is as follows:
#71=IFCMAPCONVERSION(#65,#70,508403.263018683,2494921.52767202,0.,1.77635683940025E-15,1.,$)；
the above is an example of a specific dataform.
In the IFC file parsing process, the data (i.e., coordinate information) contained in ifcmapcontrol may be read directly.
In this embodiment, the azimuth angle is used to determine the direction (orientation) of the model on the CIM platform, and during azimuth angle calculation, since the SZ-IFC file stores the projection length along the eastern coordinate axis and the projection length along the northern coordinate axis, the rotation angle can be calculated according to the inverse trigonometric function, and the specific function method is as follows: double atan2 (double x), where x is the projection length along the eastern coordinate axis, y is the projection length along the northern coordinate axis, the projection length has been stored in the SZ-IFC file, and the 6 th and 7 th digits (ifc_mapcontrol- > m_xaxisabscissa- > m_value, ifc_mapcontrol- > m_xaxisOrdinate- > m_value) in ifmapcontrol are directly read out by the engine provided method as an attribute. When the project base point coordinates are calculated, as the project base point coordinate reference system, the east offset and the north offset (namely projection coordinates) are stored in the SZ-IFC file, longitude and latitude coordinates corresponding to the project base point are calculated according to a coordinate conversion formula. The coordinate conversion formula is to convert the plane coordinate into the spherical coordinate by using a Proj4 coordinate conversion plug-in, call a Transform method of OGRREACATeCoordinateTransformation class, and calculate the longitude and latitude coordinates corresponding to the project base point. The transformation matrix adopts a matrix operation method in an OSG library:
wherein R is a rotation matrix, lambda is latitude, and phi is longitude.
And S4, constructing an LOD data structure from the analyzed BIM model data.
In this embodiment, the core of constructing the LOD data structure is to calculate the maximum geometric error and the minimum geometric error of the packet, where the minimum geometric error is equal to the minimum geometric error of all the meshes in the packet, and the maximum geometric error is equal to the AABB bounding box in the packet, where the geometric error of the Mesh takes the value of the minimum size (AABB) of the triangle, and the geometric error of each LOD level is obtained by interpolating between the maximum and minimum geometric errors by the geometric error decreasing coefficient.
The reduction is performed according to a given geometric error: if AABB of Mesh is smaller than the current geometric error, mesh is filtered out, the triangular Mesh of Mesh is simplified, and b3dm of each LOD level is finally output, wherein b3dm of each LOD level is output independently.
The grouping in this embodiment is performed according to the standard of the components or materials, one component is a group or the same material is divided into a group, and the geometric error determining method is a bounding box of the group and a minimum bounding box of the triangle (described above); the user sets the decreasing coefficient a, next_geometry=a_geometry, and in this embodiment, the value range is usually 0< a <0.6, and preferably the value of a is 0.25.
In this embodiment, the triangle network is simplified by adopting an optimized QEM algorithm, and the optimization points are mainly used for eliminating nonstandard data such as self-intersecting triangles and open boundaries.
And S5, outputting the 3D Tiles model according to the spatial index organization.
In this embodiment, when the spatial index is created, the spatial index is built by adopting an algorithm-octree algorithm disclosed in the prior art, the node tile size is used as a splitting threshold, grouping and LOD are organized, and the output of the tile set. Json index file is completed, that is, b3dm of each LOD level output in step S4 is organized together through the index file.
According to the invention, by constructing the BIM model conversion tool, the SZ-IFC format file is converted into the 3D Tiles format of the GIS model, the rendering effect of the BIM model is enhanced, the accurate falling map of the BIM model on the CIM platform is realized, a high-quality data source is provided for constructing the CIM platform based on the BIM refined model, and the application value of the BIM model is further improved.
Claims (10)
1. A method for converting SZ-IFC into 3D Tiles is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, analyzing an SZ-IFC file through a BIM engine to obtain geometric information and non-geometric information of a model;
s2, mapping the texture information of the SZ-IFC material to a corresponding triangular surface;
s3, calculating Cartesian coordinates of the origin of the model under a WGS84 system based on project base point coordinate information of the SZ-IFC;
s4, constructing an LOD data structure from the analyzed BIM model data;
and S5, outputting the 3D Tiles model according to the spatial index organization.
2. The method for converting SZ-IFCs into 3D Tiles according to claim 1, wherein: the SZ-IFC file comprises the following contents: building project information, building site information, building information, floor information, room information, entrance to a cave information and building member attribute information, wherein the building project information comprises the name of a project, the description of the project, the creation date of the project, building elements, space elements, geometric shapes and attribute information of structural elements, attribute information of materials used by the building elements and association relations among the elements; the geometric information includes size information, shape information, and position information; the non-geometric information includes label information of the model, attribute information of the model, and material information.
3. The method for converting SZ-IFCs into 3D Tiles according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, when the BIM engine parses the SZ-IFC file, the szifc file is loaded into the memory through the loadModel () function, all the IFC entities are obtained by using the getenties () method, the used BIM engine provides a loading method loadModel () for the IfcPlusPlus, BIM engine, reads the model, and extracts the corresponding information by adopting the method provided by the calling engine or the combination method, wherein the extracted information has the corresponding type in the engine: ifcSurfaceTexture, ifcMapConversion, ifcCartesianPoint, after the information is read, the data is reorganized according to the half-edge data structure of the triangular network, and the model data is structured.
4. The method for converting SZ-IFCs into 3D Tiles according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, according to the surface of the texture of the map and the index information thereof, the pixel position information, i.e. the texture coordinate (u, v) value, on the texture map corresponding to each vertex is matched, and the texture is mapped to the corresponding triangular surface.
5. The method for converting SZ-IFCs into 3D Tiles according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, coordinate information data contained in the IfcMapConversion is directly read in the SZ-IFC file analysis process.
6. The method for converting SZ-IFCs into 3D Tiles according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, according to the projection length along the eastern coordinate axis and the projection length along the northern coordinate axis stored in the SZ-IFC file, the rotation angle is calculated by using an inverse trigonometric function, and the specific function method is as follows: double atan2 (double x), wherein x is the projection length along the eastern coordinate axis, y is the projection length along the northern coordinate axis, and the 6 th and 7 th digits of the numerical values in the ifcmapcontrol are directly read by an engine provided method.
7. The method for converting SZ-IFCs into 3D Tiles according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, the azimuth angle is used to determine the direction of the model on the CIM platform, and when calculating the azimuth angle, the longitude and latitude coordinates corresponding to the project base point are calculated according to a coordinate conversion formula, wherein the coordinate conversion formula is to convert the plane coordinates into spherical coordinates by using a Proj coordinate conversion plug-in, and the Transform method of ogrcreatecooordinates transformation class is called to calculate the longitude and latitude coordinates corresponding to the project base point.
8. The method for converting SZ-IFCs into 3D Tiles according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, the maximum geometric error and the minimum geometric error of the group need to be calculated when the LOD data structure is constructed, the minimum geometric error is equal to the minimum geometric error of all the Mesh in the group, the maximum geometric error is equal to the AABB bounding box in the group, the geometric error of the Mesh takes the value of the minimum size of the triangle, and the geometric error of each LOD level is obtained by interpolation between the maximum geometric error and the minimum geometric error through the geometric error decreasing coefficient.
9. The method for converting SZ-IFCs into 3D Tiles according to claim 8, wherein: if the AABB of the Mesh is smaller than the current geometric error, the Mesh is filtered, the triangular Mesh of the Mesh is simplified, and b3dm of each LOD level is finally output, wherein b3dm of each LOD level is output independently.
10. The method for converting SZ-IFCs into 3D Tiles according to claim 8, wherein: the grouping is carried out according to the standard of components or materials, one component is a group or the same material is divided into a group, and the geometric error determining method is a bounding box of the group and a minimum bounding box of the triangle; the user sets the decreasing coefficient a, next_geometry=a_geometry, and the value range of a is 0< a <0.6.
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| CN112035433A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-12-04 | 华设设计集团股份有限公司 | Method for converting BIM model into GIS model supporting large-volume grading loading |
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