CN117106468A - Box anaerobic pyrolysis stove of high heat exchange efficiency that is fit for handling dispersed material - Google Patents
Box anaerobic pyrolysis stove of high heat exchange efficiency that is fit for handling dispersed material Download PDFInfo
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- CN117106468A CN117106468A CN202311027513.7A CN202311027513A CN117106468A CN 117106468 A CN117106468 A CN 117106468A CN 202311027513 A CN202311027513 A CN 202311027513A CN 117106468 A CN117106468 A CN 117106468A
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 326
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/18—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B1/00—Retorts
- C10B1/02—Stationary retorts
- C10B1/06—Horizontal retorts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/30—Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
- C10B47/46—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with trucks, containers, or trays
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high heat exchange efficiency box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for treating dispersed materials, which comprises a heating furnace and pyrolysis boxes arranged in the heating furnace, wherein the pyrolysis boxes comprise a first pyrolysis box, a second pyrolysis box and a third pyrolysis box, the first pyrolysis box and the second pyrolysis box are vertically and alternately arranged in series, and the second pyrolysis box and the third pyrolysis box are transversely and serially arranged; according to the pyrolysis furnace, the plurality of pyrolysis boxes and the plurality of heating areas are arranged, so that a radiation high-temperature area and a radiation convection high-temperature area can be formed, meanwhile, the high-temperature flue gas flow direction and the moving direction of the charging basket form reverse relative movement, the charging basket can keep high temperature and heat dispersed materials contained in the charging basket, the materials are fully pyrolyzed, the pyrolysis furnace is suitable for dispersing mixed materials, the heating efficiency is high, the steel amount for the main pyrolysis furnace is small, the sealing is easy, the volume is small, the integration level is high, and the influence of thermal deformation, thermal expansion and cold contraction is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of anaerobic pyrolysis furnaces, in particular to a box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace with high heat exchange efficiency, which is suitable for treating dispersed materials.
Background
The pyrolysis furnace equipment in the prior art is a rotary kiln type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace and a spiral indirect heating pyrolysis furnace, but the two pyrolysis furnaces have great defects, and the development of the pyrolysis technology and the application range of the pyrolysis equipment are limited.
1. For rotary kiln type anaerobic pyrolysis furnaces:
the rotary kiln rotates slowly, the material is driven to drop and advance to the discharge end by the friction force of the furnace wall or the shoveling plate, and an oxygen-free sealing environment is arranged in the rotary kiln; the circumference of the rotary kiln is provided with a heating furnace, high-temperature flue gas flows in the heating furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas indirectly conducts heat to the rotary kiln in an inter-wall mode; the organic material in the rotary kiln is cracked into combustible gas, pyrolysis oil and solid mixture at the temperature of about 400 to 600 ℃.
The rotary kiln type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace is characterized in that: (1) The material containing performance is strong, and the material containing device is particularly suitable for block-shaped, strip-shaped and sheet-shaped materials and mixed materials thereof, and can not generate the condition of blocking materials; (2) the mechanical structure is not complex, and the manufacture is relatively easy; (3) The pyrolysis furnace is suitable for high-temperature pyrolysis, and the normal operation of the pyrolysis furnace is not affected by the thermal deformation and thermal expansion and contraction of the equipment; and (4) the rotary kiln technology is mature.
It also has a number of disadvantages: (1) Because of the rotation reason, the heating surface of the barrel material is always changed, so that the heat exchange efficiency is poor, the consumption of auxiliary fuel is large, and the operation cost is high; (2) The furnace end and the furnace tail of the rotary pyrolysis furnace are difficult and complex to seal, and toxic, harmful, flammable and explosive pyrolysis gas leakage is generated due to poor sealing; (3) The pyrolysis furnace of the rotary kiln has huge volume, large steel consumption and large occupied area; (4) Because the huge integral rotary kiln needs to rotate, the power consumption is high, and the running cost is relatively high; (5) The rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace is not suitable for pyrolysis of pasty materials, is easy to bond and carbonize on a heated wall surface, and damages heat transfer; (6) The rotary kiln type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace is not suitable for pyrolyzing large-size hard materials, such as steel materials, which are continuously turned over and thrown in the rotary kiln, so that not only can the rotary kiln type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace cylinder be crashed, but also very large noise can be generated to influence the ecological environment. If large-size hard materials are changed into small-size materials mechanically, the disposal cost is greatly increased, and even the disposal cost is not practical.
2. For a spiral indirectly heated anaerobic pyrolysis furnace:
the furnace type similar to a screw conveyor does not rotate, a single screw or double screws are arranged in the furnace, the screw rotation drives materials to move forward, and an oxygen-free sealing environment is arranged in the furnace. The periphery of the furnace body is provided with a heating furnace, high-temperature flue gas flows in the heating furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas indirectly conducts heat to the furnace body in an inter-wall mode. The organic material in the furnace body is cracked into combustible gas, pyrolysis oil and solid mixture at the temperature of about 400 to 600 ℃.
Spiral indirect heating anaerobic pyrolysis furnace advantage: (1) Because the furnace body does not rotate, the material is always in contact with the heating surface of the furnace body, the heating speed is high, and the heat exchange efficiency is high; (2) The spiral transmission shaft is easy to seal, the sealing technology is mature, and the pyrolysis gas is ensured not to leak; (3) the pasty material can be pyrolyzed; (4) the spiral rotation power consumption is small, and the operation cost is relatively low; (5) the volume of the pyrolysis furnace is smaller than that of the rotary kiln type pyrolysis furnace.
It also has some drawbacks: (1) Poor material containing property, is not suitable for block, strip and sheet materials, and is easy to generate material clamping and stopping conditions; (2) the mechanical structure is complex, and the manufacture is relatively difficult; (3) The device is not suitable for high-temperature pyrolysis, and the spiral and the shell cylinder body can be clamped by thermal deformation, thermal expansion and cold contraction to affect the normal operation of the pyrolysis furnace. The spiral indirect heating anaerobic pyrolysis furnace is mainly applied to the sludge disposal occasion with low pyrolysis temperature requirement.
The spiral indirect heating anaerobic pyrolysis furnace has excellent pyrolysis performance to only pyrolyze oil sludge materials, has a small application range and is basically abandoned; the rotary kiln type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace has poor pyrolysis performance, but is not critical to materials, so that most of pyrolysis projects are forced to adopt the rotary kiln type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace at present, and therefore, the new generation anaerobic pyrolysis furnace which is suitable for dispersing mixed materials, has high heating efficiency, small steel amount for the main pyrolysis furnace, easy sealing, small volume, high integration level, no influence of thermal deformation and expansion and contraction and low operation cost is developed, and is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by technicians in the related field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the high heat exchange efficiency box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for disposing dispersed materials comprises a heating furnace and pyrolysis boxes arranged in the heating furnace, wherein the pyrolysis boxes comprise a first pyrolysis box, a second pyrolysis box and a third pyrolysis box, the first pyrolysis box and the second pyrolysis box are vertically arranged in series at intervals, and the second pyrolysis box and the third pyrolysis box are transversely arranged in series;
the feeding end of the first pyrolysis box is provided with an isolation feeder and a first-stage pyrolysis box push rod along the feeding direction of the first pyrolysis box, one side of the isolation feeder is provided with a feeding push rod, the feeding push rod pushes a charging basket filled with dispersed materials into the isolation feeder, and the first-stage pyrolysis box push rod pushes the charging basket entering the isolation feeder into the starting position of the feeding end of the first pyrolysis box;
the discharging end of the first pyrolysis box is connected with the feeding end of the second pyrolysis box through a first-stage pyrolysis box vertical lifting mechanism; a second-stage pyrolysis box push rod is arranged outside the feeding end of the second pyrolysis box, and a charging basket filled with dispersed materials is pushed into the second pyrolysis box from the feeding end of the second pyrolysis box;
the discharge end of the second pyrolysis box is connected with the feed end of the third pyrolysis box through a side push rod of the second pyrolysis box, the third pyrolysis box push rod is arranged outside the feed end of the third pyrolysis box, and a charging basket filled with dispersed materials is pushed into the third pyrolysis box from the feed end of the third pyrolysis box;
the discharge end of the third pyrolysis box is connected with the isolated discharger through a discharge end vertical lifting mechanism, and an isolated discharger feed push rod is arranged at the bottom of the discharge end vertical lifting mechanism and pushes a charging basket filled with dispersed materials into the isolated discharger through the discharge end vertical lifting mechanism;
one side of the isolating discharger is provided with an isolating discharger discharging push rod, the other side of the isolating discharger is provided with a charging basket overturning mechanism, the charging basket overturning mechanism is connected with an empty charging basket recycling slide, and the charging basket in the isolating discharger is pushed into the charging basket overturning mechanism by the isolating discharger discharging push rod and then is pushed into the charging basket overturning mechanism, so that the charging basket in the charging basket overturning mechanism enters the empty charging basket recycling slide;
the bottom of the first pyrolysis box, the bottom of the second pyrolysis box and the bottom of the third pyrolysis box are respectively provided with a first-stage heating zone, a second-stage heating zone and a third-stage heating zone, the third-stage heating zone is externally connected with a heating furnace smoke inlet, and the first-stage heating zone is externally connected with a heating furnace smoke outlet.
The vertical lifting mechanism of the first-stage pyrolysis box is identical to the vertical lifting mechanism of the discharge end in structure, the vertical lifting mechanism of the first-stage pyrolysis box comprises a lifting basket of the first-stage pyrolysis box arranged at the discharge end of the first-stage pyrolysis box and a supporting frame arranged outside the first-stage pyrolysis box, a charging basket in the first-stage pyrolysis box can enter the lifting basket of the first-stage pyrolysis box, the top of the lifting basket of the first-stage pyrolysis box is connected with a steel wire rope through a lifting sliding rod, a pulley assembly is arranged on the upper portion of the supporting frame, and the steel wire rope bypasses the pulley assembly and then is connected with a heavy hammer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the invention, the pyrolysis furnace is provided with the plurality of pyrolysis boxes and the plurality of heating areas, so that a radiation high-temperature area and a radiation convection high-temperature area can be formed, meanwhile, the high-temperature flue gas flows in the opposite direction to the moving direction of the charging basket, so that the charging basket can keep high temperature and heat the dispersed materials contained in the charging basket, the materials are fully pyrolyzed, the pyrolysis furnace is suitable for dispersing the mixed materials, the heating efficiency is high, the steel amount for the main pyrolysis furnace is small, the sealing is easy, the volume is small, the integration level is high, the influence of thermal deformation and thermal expansion and contraction is avoided, the operation cost is low, and the pyrolysis furnace is a great breakthrough in the pyrolysis technology and pyrolysis equipment technology, and the rotary kiln type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace is eliminated to become the main furnace type of pyrolysis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high heat exchange efficiency chamber-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for handling dispersed materials in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a high heat exchange efficiency box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for disposing of dispersed materials according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a pyrolysis box in a high heat exchange efficiency box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for handling dispersed materials according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of FIGS. 2B-B in a high heat exchange efficiency chamber-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for handling dispersed materials in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second pyrolysis tank and a third pyrolysis tank in a high heat exchange efficiency box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for disposing dispersed materials according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of FIGS. 2A-A in a high heat exchange efficiency box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for handling dispersed materials in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of FIGS. 2C-C in a high heat exchange efficiency chamber-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for handling dispersed materials in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a basket turnover mechanism in a high heat exchange efficiency, box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for handling dispersed materials in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a basket turnover mechanism in a high heat exchange efficiency, box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for handling dispersed materials in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, or an azimuth or a positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is conventionally put when used, it is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," "overhang" and the like, if any, do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" means at least 2.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Examples:
referring to fig. 1-9, this embodiment discloses a high heat exchange efficiency box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for disposing dispersed materials, which comprises a heating furnace 1 and a pyrolysis box 2 arranged in the heating furnace 1, wherein the pyrolysis box 2 comprises a first pyrolysis box 201, a second pyrolysis box 202 and a third pyrolysis box 203, the first pyrolysis box 201 and the second pyrolysis box 202 are vertically connected in series, and the second pyrolysis box 202 and the third pyrolysis box 203 are horizontally connected in series;
the feeding end of the first pyrolysis box 201 is provided with an isolation feeder 4 and a first-stage pyrolysis box push rod 3 along the feeding direction, one side of the isolation feeder 4 is provided with a feeding push rod 5, the feeding push rod 5 pushes a charging basket 12 filled with dispersed materials into the isolation feeder 4, and the first-stage pyrolysis box push rod 3 pushes the charging basket 12 entering the isolation feeder 4 into the starting position of the feeding end of the first pyrolysis box 201;
the discharge end of the first pyrolysis box 201 is connected with the feed end of the second pyrolysis box 202 through the first-stage pyrolysis box vertical lifting mechanism 6; a second-stage pyrolysis box push rod 7 is arranged outside the feeding end of the second pyrolysis box 202, and a charging basket 12 filled with dispersed materials is pushed into the second pyrolysis box 202 from the feeding end of the second pyrolysis box 202;
the discharge end of the second pyrolysis box 202 is connected with the feed end of the third pyrolysis box 203 through a second-stage pyrolysis box side push rod 18, a third-stage pyrolysis box push rod 15 is arranged outside the feed end of the third pyrolysis box 203, and a charging basket 12 filled with dispersed materials is pushed into the third pyrolysis box 203 from the feed end of the third pyrolysis box 203;
the discharge end of the third pyrolysis tank 203 is connected with the isolated discharger 10 through a discharge end vertical lifting mechanism 8, and an isolated discharger feed push rod 23 is arranged at the bottom of the discharge end vertical lifting mechanism 8 to push a charging basket 12 filled with dispersed materials into the isolated discharger 10 through the discharge end vertical lifting mechanism 8;
an isolating discharger discharge push rod 9 is arranged on one side of the isolating discharger 10, a basket turnover mechanism 11 is arranged on the other side of the isolating discharger 10, the basket turnover mechanism 11 is connected with an empty basket recovery slide 13, the isolating discharger discharge push rod 9 pushes a basket 12 entering the isolating discharger 10 into the basket turnover mechanism 11, and then the pushing of the basket 12 is continued, so that the basket 12 in the basket turnover mechanism 11 enters the empty basket recovery slide 13;
the first-stage pyrolysis box vertical lifting mechanism 6 and the discharge end vertical lifting mechanism 8 are identical in structure, the first-stage pyrolysis box vertical lifting mechanism 6 comprises a first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket 21 arranged at the discharge end of the first pyrolysis box 201 and a supporting frame 606 arranged outside the first pyrolysis box 201, a charging basket 12 in the first pyrolysis box 201 can enter the first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket 21, the top of the first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket 21 is connected with a steel wire rope 603 through a lifting slide rod 605, a pulley assembly is arranged on the upper portion of the supporting frame 606, and the steel wire rope 603 bypasses the pulley assembly and then is connected with a heavy hammer; the pulley assembly includes a head pulley 601 disposed on one side of the top of the support frame 606, and a tail pulley 602 disposed on the other side of the top of the support frame 606.
The basket turnover mechanism 11 comprises a basket 1101 arranged at the discharge end of the isolating discharger 10, the bottom of the basket 1101 is connected with a turnover driving gear 1103 through a turnover shaft frame 1102, a telescopic clamping plate 1104 is arranged at the top of the basket 1101, and a telescopic clamping plate driving mechanism 1105 is arranged on one side of the basket 1101.
The bottoms of the first pyrolysis box 201, the second pyrolysis box 202 and the third pyrolysis box 203 are respectively provided with a first-stage heating zone 101, a second-stage heating zone 102 and a third-stage heating zone 103, the outside of the third-stage heating zone 103 is connected with a heating furnace smoke inlet 14, and the outside of the first-stage heating zone 101 is connected with a heating furnace smoke outlet 17; the upper part and the lower part of the heating furnace 1 are also provided with a plurality of upper ash discharge openings 20 and lower ash discharge openings 19.
In this embodiment, three pyrolysis boxes and three heating zones are provided in the pyrolysis furnace, but in other embodiments, other numbers of pyrolysis boxes and heating zones may be provided according to specific requirements, and the pyrolysis boxes and heating zones may be combined in other arrangements, that is: the heating furnace is not limited to three pyrolysis boxes which are arranged in series, a plurality of pyrolysis boxes can be arranged in series vertically, or a plurality of pyrolysis boxes can be arranged in series horizontally, or a plurality of pyrolysis boxes can be arranged in series by mixing vertically and horizontally, and the heating furnace is in the scope of patent protection.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, a charging basket 12 filled with dispersed materials is made of stainless steel materials with high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and good thermal conductivity, the charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials is horizontally pushed into an isolation feeder 4 by a feeding push rod 5, after isolating thermal dissociation gas and air, the isolation feeder 4 is horizontally pushed out by a first-stage pyrolysis box push rod 3 and pushed into the starting point position of the feeding end of a first-stage pyrolysis box 201 of a pyrolysis box 2 in an anaerobic environment, and the charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials in the first-stage pyrolysis box 201 is intermittently moved in a stepping manner from the starting point position of the feeding end to the tail part under the pushing of the first-stage pyrolysis box push rod 3.
S2, after the interval stop period time is up, the pushing rod of the first-stage pyrolysis box 3 is started again to push out the pushing rod, the charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials in the isolation feeder 4 is pushed out to the starting point position of the feeding end of the first-stage pyrolysis box 201, and meanwhile the charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials originally on the starting point position of the feeding end of the first-stage pyrolysis box 201 is pushed forward for one step length, and the step length is equal to the size of the advancing direction of the charging basket; while pushing all the baskets 12 containing the dispersion material immediately behind them forward one step.
S3, high-temperature flue gas is input from a heating furnace smoke inlet 14 of the heating furnace 1, enters a third-stage heating zone 103, and forms a radiation high-temperature zone in the third-stage heating zone 103; the high-temperature flue gas then enters a second-stage heating zone 102 which is transversely connected in series from a third-stage heating zone 103, and a radiation convection high-temperature zone is formed in the third-stage heating zone 102; the high-temperature flue gas then enters a first-stage heating zone 101 which is vertically connected in series from a second-stage heating zone 102, and a radiation convection high-temperature zone is formed in the first-stage heating zone 101; the high-temperature flue gas is cooled to medium-temperature flue gas after heat exchange, and the medium-temperature flue gas is led out from a flue gas outlet 17 of the heating furnace; the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas and the moving direction of the charging basket form reverse relative movement.
S4, in the first-stage pyrolysis box 201, the charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials is tightly contacted with the bottom plate of the first-stage pyrolysis box 201, the outer surface of the bottom plate of the first-stage pyrolysis box 201 and the outer surface of the side plate are kept at medium and high temperatures under the heat energy transfer of radiation and convection modes, and indirectly heat the charging basket in the first-stage pyrolysis box 201, which is tightly contacted with the bottom plate of the first-stage pyrolysis box 201 in a large area, and the charging basket is kept at high temperature and heats the dispersed materials filled in the charging basket.
The dispersed materials in the basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials are preheated in the first-stage pyrolysis box 201, and after the materials reach pyrolysis temperature, the pollutant organic matters in the surface layer dispersed materials in the basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials start to be pyrolyzed, and pyrolysis gas and fixed carbon are generated by pyrolysis.
S5, vertically connecting the first-stage pyrolysis tank 201 and the second-stage pyrolysis tank 202 in series; under the intermittent pushing of the first-stage pyrolysis box push rod 3, the last charging basket 12 filled with dispersed materials in the first-stage pyrolysis box 201 is pushed into the first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket 16, as shown in fig. 7, the first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket 16 starts to vertically descend under the driving of the gravity of the materials in the charging basket 12 filled with dispersed materials and the gravity of the charging basket; the lifting basket 16 of the first-stage pyrolysis box is connected with a lifting slide rod 605, the lifting slide rod 605 passes through a sealing device to be connected with a steel wire rope 603 of the vertical lifting mechanism 6 of the first-stage pyrolysis box outside the pyrolysis box 2, and the steel wire rope 603 is connected with a heavy hammer 604 through a head pulley 601 and a tail pulley 602. The weight of the heavy hammer 604 is adjusted, the vertical descending speed of the lifting basket 16 of the first-stage pyrolysis box is controlled, the charging basket 12 filled with dispersed materials is ensured to stably descend in the vertical descending process, and the materials in the charging basket are not splashed out; the first stage pyrolysis box lifting basket 16 remains stationary after being lowered vertically into the second stage pyrolysis box 202. After the material basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials is pushed out of the first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket 16 in the follow-up action, under the gravity driving of the heavy hammer 604, the heavy hammer 604 pulls the first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket 16 to vertically lift up through the steel wire rope 603 and the lifting slide rod 605, returns to the tail part of the first-stage pyrolysis box 201, and waits for the next material basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials to be pushed in.
S6, after the interval stop period time is up, the pushing rod is started by the second-stage pyrolysis box pushing rod 7, the charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials is horizontally pushed out of the first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket 16 to reach the starting point position of the second-stage pyrolysis box 202, and meanwhile, the charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials originally on the starting point position of the feeding end of the first-stage pyrolysis box 201 is horizontally pushed forward by one step length which is equal to the size of the advancing direction of the charging basket; while pushing all the baskets 12 containing the dispersion material immediately behind them forward horizontally by one step.
S7, in the second-stage pyrolysis box 202, the charging basket of the charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials is tightly contacted with the bottom plate of the second-stage pyrolysis box 202, the outer surface of the bottom plate of the second-stage pyrolysis box 202 and the outer surface of the side plate are kept at high temperature under the heat energy transfer of radiation and convection modes of the high-temperature flue gas in the second-stage heating zone 102, and the charging basket in the second-stage pyrolysis box 202, which is tightly contacted with the bottom plate of the second-stage pyrolysis box 202 in a large area, is indirectly heated; the basket is maintained at a high temperature and heats the dispersed material contained therein.
S8, continuously heating and heating the dispersed materials in the basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials in the second-stage pyrolysis box 202, wherein the dispersed materials in the inner layer of the dispersed materials in the basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials reach the pyrolysis temperature, and the polluted organic matters in the dispersed materials in the inner layer of the basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials start to be pyrolyzed, so that pyrolysis gas and fixed carbon are generated by pyrolysis.
S9, the second-stage pyrolysis tank 202 and the third-stage pyrolysis tank 203 are transversely connected in series, after the interval rest period time is up, the second-stage pyrolysis tank side push rod 18 is started to push out the push rod, and the last charging basket 12 filled with dispersed materials of the second-stage pyrolysis tank 202 is transversely and horizontally pushed to the starting point position of the third-stage pyrolysis tank 203.
And S10, after the interval of the idle period time is up, starting the pushing rod by the third-stage pyrolysis box pushing rod 15, and horizontally pushing the charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials at the starting point position of the third-stage pyrolysis box 203 forwards by one step length, wherein the step length is equal to the size of the advancing direction of the charging basket. While pushing all the baskets 12 containing the dispersion material immediately behind them forward horizontally by one step.
S11, in the third-stage pyrolysis tank 203, the charging basket with the charging basket 12 filled with dispersed materials is tightly contacted with the bottom plate of the third-stage pyrolysis tank 203, and the outer surface of the bottom plate of the third-stage pyrolysis tank 203 and the outer surface of the side plate are kept at high temperature under the heat energy transfer of the high-temperature flue gas in the third-stage heating zone 103 in a radiation mode, and the charging basket in the third-stage pyrolysis tank 203, which is tightly contacted with the bottom plate of the third-stage pyrolysis tank 203 in a large area, is indirectly heated. The basket is maintained at a high temperature and heats the dispersed material contained therein.
S12, continuously heating the dispersed materials in the charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials in the third-stage pyrolysis box 203 to maintain the pyrolysis temperature, and fully pyrolyzing the polluted organic matters in the dispersed materials at the inner and outer layers in the charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials to generate pyrolysis gas and fixed carbon.
S13, under intermittent pushing of a pushing rod 15 of the third-stage pyrolysis box, the last charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials in the third-stage pyrolysis box 203 is pushed into a charging and discharging end lifting basket 21, and the charging end lifting basket 21 starts to vertically descend under the driving of the gravity of the materials in the charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials and the gravity of the charging basket; the lifting basket 21 at the discharge end is connected with a lifting slide rod 605, the lifting slide rod 605 passes through a sealing device and is connected with a steel wire rope 603 of a vertical lifting mechanism 8 at the discharge end outside the pyrolysis box 3, the steel wire rope 603 is connected with a heavy hammer 604 through a head pulley 601 and a tail pulley 602, the weight of the heavy hammer 604 is adjusted, the vertical descending speed of the lifting basket 21 at the discharge end is controlled, the stability of the basket 12 filled with dispersed materials in the vertical descending process is ensured, and the materials in the basket are not splashed; after the discharge end lifting basket 21 is vertically lowered to the inlet of the isolation discharger 10, the isolation discharger feed push rod 23 is started to push the basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials into the isolation discharger 10; after isolating the gas and air, the isolating discharger discharge push rod 9 is started to push the basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials out of the isolating discharger 10 and directly into the turnover mechanism 11. The discharge end lifting basket 21 remains stationary after being lowered vertically into the inlet of the insulation discharger 10. After the material basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials is pushed out of the material end lifting basket 21 by the follow-up action, under the gravity driving of the heavy hammer 604, the heavy hammer 604 pulls the material end lifting basket 21 to vertically lift up through the steel wire rope 603 and the lifting slide rod 605, and returns to the tail part of the third-stage pyrolysis box to wait for the next material basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials to be pushed in.
S14, a telescopic clamping plate driving mechanism 1105 of a turnover mechanism 11 drives a telescopic clamping plate 1104 to retract, clamps a charging basket 12 filled with dispersed materials, then a turnover driving gear 1103 rotates, a charging basket placing basket 1101 is driven by a turnover shaft frame 1102 to start turnover, and a conveying mechanism for pouring pyrolyzed solid mixed products in the charging basket into a next process; after the material is poured, the turnover mechanism 11 reversely turns and resets, and after the turnover mechanism is reset, the telescopic clamping plate 1104 stretches out to loosen the clamped charging basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials.
S15, referring to fig. 8 and 9, when the next basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials is pushed into the turnover mechanism 11, the pushed basket 12 filled with the dispersed materials pushes the emptied basket to extrude the turnover mechanism 11 and enters the empty basket recycling slide 13, and the empty basket slides to the ground along the empty basket recycling slide 13 and is recycled.
And S16, leading out pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis from a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 22.
S17, arranging a plurality of ash discharge openings 20 at the upper part of the heating furnace, and regularly opening an ash discharge cover to discharge the precipitated dust brought by the flue gas to the lower part of the heating furnace. The lower part of the heating furnace is provided with a plurality of ash discharge openings 19 at the lower part of the heating furnace, and the ash discharge cover is opened at regular time to discharge the precipitated dust brought by the flue gas and the dust discharged from the upper part of the heating furnace out of the heating furnace.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above with no limitation, and the actual construction is not limited to the embodiments of the invention as shown in the drawings. In summary, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, a structural manner and an embodiment similar to the technical solution should not be creatively devised without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The high heat exchange efficiency box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for disposing dispersed materials is characterized by comprising a heating furnace and pyrolysis boxes arranged in the heating furnace, wherein the pyrolysis boxes comprise a first pyrolysis box, a second pyrolysis box and a third pyrolysis box, the first pyrolysis box and the second pyrolysis box are vertically connected in series, and the second pyrolysis box and the third pyrolysis box are transversely connected in series;
the feeding end of the first pyrolysis box is provided with an isolation feeder and a first-stage pyrolysis box push rod along the feeding direction of the first pyrolysis box, one side of the isolation feeder is provided with a feeding push rod, the feeding push rod pushes a charging basket filled with dispersed materials into the isolation feeder, and the first-stage pyrolysis box push rod pushes the charging basket entering the isolation feeder into the starting position of the feeding end of the first pyrolysis box;
the discharging end of the first pyrolysis box is connected with the feeding end of the second pyrolysis box through a first-stage pyrolysis box vertical lifting mechanism; a second-stage pyrolysis box push rod is arranged outside the feeding end of the second pyrolysis box, and a charging basket filled with dispersed materials is pushed into the second pyrolysis box from the feeding end of the second pyrolysis box;
the discharge end of the second pyrolysis box is connected with the feed end of the third pyrolysis box through a side push rod of the second pyrolysis box, the third pyrolysis box push rod is arranged outside the feed end of the third pyrolysis box, and a charging basket filled with dispersed materials is pushed into the third pyrolysis box from the feed end of the third pyrolysis box;
the discharge end of the third pyrolysis box is connected with the isolated discharger through a discharge end vertical lifting mechanism, and an isolated discharger feed push rod is arranged at the bottom of the discharge end vertical lifting mechanism and pushes a charging basket filled with dispersed materials into the isolated discharger through the discharge end vertical lifting mechanism;
one side of the isolating discharger is provided with an isolating discharger discharging push rod, the other side of the isolating discharger is provided with a charging basket overturning mechanism, the charging basket overturning mechanism is connected with an empty charging basket recycling slide, and the charging basket in the isolating discharger is pushed into the charging basket overturning mechanism by the isolating discharger discharging push rod and then is pushed into the charging basket overturning mechanism, so that the charging basket in the charging basket overturning mechanism enters the empty charging basket recycling slide;
the bottom of the first pyrolysis box, the bottom of the second pyrolysis box and the bottom of the third pyrolysis box are respectively provided with a first-stage heating zone, a second-stage heating zone and a third-stage heating zone, the third-stage heating zone is externally connected with a heating furnace smoke inlet, and the first-stage heating zone is externally connected with a heating furnace smoke outlet.
2. The high heat exchange efficiency box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for treating dispersed materials according to claim 1, wherein the first-stage pyrolysis box vertical lifting mechanism is identical to the discharge end vertical lifting mechanism in structure, the first-stage pyrolysis box vertical lifting mechanism comprises a first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket arranged at the discharge end of the first pyrolysis box and a supporting frame arranged outside the first pyrolysis box, a charging basket in the first pyrolysis box can enter the first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket, the top of the first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket is connected with a steel wire rope through a lifting slide rod, a pulley assembly is arranged on the upper portion of the supporting frame, and the steel wire rope bypasses the pulley assembly and then is connected with a heavy hammer.
3. The high heat exchange efficiency chamber-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for handling discrete materials of claim 2 wherein the pulley assembly comprises a head pulley disposed on one side of the top of the support frame and a tail pulley disposed on the other side of the top of the support frame.
4. The high heat exchange efficiency box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for treating dispersed materials according to claim 1, wherein the basket overturning mechanism comprises a basket arranged at the discharge end of the isolating discharger 10, the bottom of the basket is connected with an overturning driving gear through an overturning shaft frame, the top of the basket is provided with a telescopic clamping plate, and one side of the basket is provided with a telescopic clamping plate driving mechanism.
5. The high heat exchange efficiency box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for handling dispersed materials according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of upper ash discharge ports and lower ash discharge ports are further arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the heating furnace.
6. A high heat exchange efficiency, box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for handling dispersed materials according to claim 1, the method of implementing comprising the steps of:
s1, pushing a charging basket filled with dispersed materials into an isolation feeder horizontally by a feeding push rod, after isolating pyrolysis gas and air, pushing the isolation feeder horizontally by a first-stage pyrolysis box push rod and pushing the isolation feeder into the starting point position of the feeding end of a first-stage pyrolysis box of a pyrolysis box in an anaerobic environment, wherein the charging basket filled with dispersed materials in the first-stage pyrolysis box is intermittently moved in a stepping manner from the starting point position of the feeding end to the tail part horizontally under the pushing of the first-stage pyrolysis box push rod;
s2, after the interval stop period time is up, the pushing rod is started again by the first-stage pyrolysis box pushing rod, a charging basket filled with dispersed materials in an isolated feeder is pushed out to the starting point position of the feeding end of the first-stage pyrolysis box, meanwhile, the charging basket filled with dispersed materials originally on the starting point position of the feeding end of the first-stage pyrolysis box is pushed forward to step by one step, and meanwhile, all charging baskets filled with dispersed materials closely attached to the back of the charging basket are pushed forward to step by one step;
s3, high-temperature flue gas is input from a flue gas inlet of a heating furnace and enters a third-stage heating zone, and a radiation high-temperature zone is formed in the third-stage heating zone; the high-temperature flue gas then enters a second-stage heating zone which is transversely connected in series from a third-stage heating zone, and a radiation convection high-temperature zone is formed in the third-stage heating zone; the high-temperature flue gas then enters a first-stage heating zone vertically connected in series from a second-stage heating zone, and a radiation convection high-temperature zone is formed in the first-stage heating zone; cooling the high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange into medium-temperature flue gas, and leading the medium-temperature flue gas out of a flue gas outlet of the heating furnace;
s4, preheating and heating the dispersed materials in the charging basket filled with the dispersed materials in a first-stage pyrolysis box, and after the materials reach pyrolysis temperature, pyrolyzing the polluted organic matters in the surface layer dispersed materials in the charging basket filled with the dispersed materials to generate pyrolysis gas and fixed carbon;
s4, after pyrolysis of the first-stage pyrolysis box, pushing a last charging basket filled with dispersed materials in the first-stage pyrolysis box into a first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket under intermittent pushing of a first-stage pyrolysis box push rod, and enabling the first-stage pyrolysis box lifting basket to start to vertically descend under the driving of the gravity of the materials in the charging basket filled with the dispersed materials and the gravity of the charging basket, and then keeping static after descending to the second-stage pyrolysis box;
s5, after the interval stop period time is up, a push rod of the second-stage pyrolysis box is started to push out the push rod, a charging basket filled with dispersed materials is horizontally pushed out of a lifting basket of the first-stage pyrolysis box, the lifting basket of the first-stage pyrolysis box reaches the starting point position of the second-stage pyrolysis box, the lifting basket of the first-stage pyrolysis box is lifted and reset, and meanwhile, the charging basket filled with dispersed materials originally on the starting point position of the feeding end of the first-stage pyrolysis box is pushed forward horizontally for one step;
s6, continuously heating the dispersed materials in the basket filled with the dispersed materials in a second-stage pyrolysis box, wherein the dispersed materials in the inner layer of the dispersed materials in the basket filled with the dispersed materials reach pyrolysis temperature, and the polluted organic matters in the dispersed materials in the inner layer of the basket filled with the dispersed materials start pyrolysis, so that pyrolysis gas and fixed carbon are generated by pyrolysis;
s7, after pyrolysis of the second-stage pyrolysis tank, a pushing rod is started by a pushing rod at the side of the second-stage pyrolysis tank, and a charging basket filled with dispersed materials at the last of the second-stage pyrolysis tank is horizontally pushed to the starting point position of the third-stage pyrolysis tank;
s8, after the interval stop period time is up, starting a pushing rod by a third-stage pyrolysis box pushing rod, horizontally pushing and stepping a charging basket containing dispersed materials at the starting point position of the third-stage pyrolysis box forward by one step, and simultaneously pushing all charging baskets 12 containing dispersed materials which are tightly stuck together behind the charging basket to horizontally and forwardly step by one step;
s9, continuously heating the dispersed materials in the charging basket filled with the dispersed materials in a third-stage pyrolysis box to maintain pyrolysis temperature, and fully pyrolyzing pollutant organic matters in the inner and outer layer dispersed materials in the charging basket filled with the dispersed materials to generate pyrolysis gas and fixed carbon;
s10, under intermittent pushing of a pushing rod of a third-stage pyrolysis box, the last charging basket filled with the dispersed materials in the third-stage pyrolysis box is pushed into a charging and discharging end lifting basket, and the charging end lifting basket starts to vertically descend under the driving of the gravity of the materials in the charging basket filled with the dispersed materials and the gravity of the charging basket; after the lifting basket at the discharging end vertically descends to the inlet of the isolating discharger, a feeding push rod of the isolating discharger is started to push the basket filled with the dispersed materials into the isolating discharger; after isolating the thermal desorption gas and the air, starting a discharge push rod of the isolating discharger, pushing a charging basket filled with dispersed materials out of the isolating discharger, and directly pushing the charging basket into the turnover mechanism;
s11, after a charging basket filled with dispersed materials is clamped by a turnover mechanism, starting to turn over, and pouring pyrolyzed solid mixed products in the charging basket into a conveying mechanism of the next process; after the material is poured, the turnover mechanism reversely turns over and resets, and after resetting, the mechanism for clamping the charging basket filled with the dispersed materials is loosened;
s12, pushing the next basket filled with the dispersed materials into the turnover mechanism, pushing the emptied basket filled with the dispersed materials into the extrusion turnover mechanism, entering the empty basket recycling slide, sliding the empty basket along the empty basket recycling slide to the ground, and recycling and reusing.
7. A high heat exchange efficiency, box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for handling dispersed materials, as claimed in claim 6, wherein. The flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas and the moving direction of the charging basket form reverse relative movement.
8. A high heat exchange efficiency box-type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for handling dispersed materials according to claim 6, wherein pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is led out from a pyrolysis gas outlet tube.
9. The high heat exchange efficiency box type anaerobic pyrolysis furnace suitable for disposing of dispersed materials according to claim 6, wherein the ash discharging cover of the upper ash discharging port is opened at regular time to discharge the precipitated dust brought by the flue gas to the lower part of the heating furnace; the ash discharging cover of the ash discharging opening at the lower part is opened at regular time, so that the precipitated dust brought by the flue gas and the dust discharged from the upper part of the heating furnace can be discharged out of the heating furnace.
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| CN202311027513.7A CN117106468A (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Box anaerobic pyrolysis stove of high heat exchange efficiency that is fit for handling dispersed material |
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