CN117103671A

CN117103671A - Composite device of amphibious bicycle and additive manufacturing method

Info

Publication number: CN117103671A
Application number: CN202311061228.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张振宇; 顾秦铭; 张富旭; 肖志雄; 冯俊元; 刘璐
Original assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Current assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Priority date: 2023-08-22
Filing date: 2023-08-22
Publication date: 2023-11-24

Abstract

The invention provides a composite device of an amphibious recreation bicycle and an additive manufacturing method, comprising a main body frame, wheels, chain wheels, connecting rods and a suspension air bag, wherein the main body frame is of a hollow structure, and the inside of the main body frame is of a topological optimization structure; the outside of the wheel is I-shaped; the suspension air bag is connected with the main body frame through a connecting rod, so that the suspension air bag is folded and unfolded; the bicycle is manufactured through 3D printing, wherein the main body frame and the suspension air bag are manufactured by taking graphene reinforced polymer polyether ether ketone as a main body, and the wheels, the chain wheels and the connecting rods are manufactured by taking rare earth element reinforced aluminum alloy as a main body. The invention has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, high temperature resistance, excellent mechanical property, good self-lubricating property, chemical corrosion resistance, flame retardance and the like, and is suitable for the underwater riding environment.

Description

Composite device of amphibious bicycle and additive manufacturing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a composite device of an amphibious bicycle and an additive manufacturing method.

Background

Under the dual requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction and healthy life, the bicycle is increasingly favored by people as a low-carbon environment-friendly transportation tool; meanwhile, along with the continuous improvement of the material living standard of people, the requirements on entertainment and life are higher and higher, and the water bicycle is popular among people. At present, a lot of water bicycles suitable for entertainment are put into commercial use, but the amphibious recreation bicycles integrating land walking and water walking are fewer.

The prior two bicycles of CN201410161125.2 and CN201510641186.3 have complex structures, are time-consuming and labor-consuming to process and manufacture, and are difficult to switch between the two modes.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the technical problems, the composite device of the amphibious bicycle and the additive manufacturing method are provided. The invention adopts the 3D printing technology in the hot place and takes high-performance polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and aluminum alloy as main materials to manufacture the amphibious play bicycle which integrates land walking and water walking and can realize rapid switching of amphibious two states. Designing a composite device model of the amphibious bicycle by utilizing three-dimensional modeling software, comprising: main body frame, wheels, sprockets, suspension air bags, etc. After the model is converted into an STL file, data processing is carried out by means of professional 3D printing software, and the STL file is converted into a data command which can be recognized by additive manufacturing equipment. The aluminum alloy powder is doped with rare earth elements to prepare mixed powder, and components such as aluminum alloy wheels, chain wheels and the like are printed on a substrate in sequence according to a software input command by adopting an arc additive manufacturing mode; by means of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), a main body frame and a suspension air bag of the amphibious bicycle are printed according to software input commands by using a wire made of polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) as a main body and doped with graphene. The 3D printing process is completed, the surfaces of all the components are simply treated and then spliced together, and the main body of the amphibious bicycle is manufactured.

The invention adopts the following technical means:

the composite device of the amphibious bicycle comprises a main body frame, wheels, chain wheels, connecting rods and suspension air bags, wherein the main body frame is of a hollow structure, and the inside of the main body frame is of a topological optimization structure; the outside of the wheel is I-shaped; the suspension air bag is connected with the main body frame through a connecting rod, so that the suspension air bag is folded and unfolded; the bicycle is manufactured through 3D printing, wherein the main body frame and the suspension air bag are manufactured by taking graphene reinforced polymer polyether ether ketone as a main body, and the wheels, the chain wheels and the connecting rods are manufactured by taking rare earth element reinforced aluminum alloy as a main body.

Further, a certain gap is formed between the outer circumferential surfaces of the adjacent I-shaped wheels, and the gap is 2-5cm.

The invention also provides an additive manufacturing method of the amphibious bicycle, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, drawing an amphibious bicycle three-dimensional model adopting a topological optimization structure by utilizing three-dimensional modeling software, and storing the three-dimensional model into an STL file format;

step 2, processing the STL file by using additive manufacturing professional software, automatically generating and supporting a bicycle model, slicing the bicycle model, and outputting a program code which can be identified by additive manufacturing equipment;

step 3, preparing mixed powder doped with rare earth elements of aluminum alloy powder by using a ball milling method, and adding the mixed powder into a wire feeding mechanism of an arc additive manufacturing device after preparing wires;

step 4, preparing a composite wire by taking polyether-ether-ketone as a main body and doping high-purity graphene;

step 5, transmitting the program codes to additive manufacturing equipment, starting the arc additive manufacturing device to work, and sequentially printing an aluminum alloy bicycle frame with a topological optimization structure on a substrate;

step 6, transmitting the program codes to additive manufacturing equipment, starting the fused deposition modeling device, and printing air bags and wheels on a substrate by using polyether-ether-ketone/graphene composite wires;

and 7, performing simple finishing treatment on the surfaces of the printed parts, and assembling the parts together.

Further, the topology optimization structure in the step 1 includes a porous microstructure or a lattice structure.

Further, the aluminum alloy powder in the step 3 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si:9-11%, mg:0.3-0.7%, fe:0.1-0.5%, cu:0.05-0.3%, zn:0.01-0.05%, mn:0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Al.

Further, the rare earth elements in the step 3, including Gd, Y, la, ce, er, are mainly added in the form of oxides, and the mass fraction of the rare earth elements in the aluminum alloy mixed powder is 0.01-0.5%.

Further, the composite wire in the step 4 takes polyether-ether-ketone as a main body, the purity of doped graphene is more than or equal to 98wt%, the thickness of a sheet layer is 0.5-4nm, and the diameter is 0.5-3 mu m.

Further, the arc additive manufacturing device in the step 5 adopts argon with the purity of 99.99% as protective gas, the gas flow is 5-25L/min, the welding speed is 150-400mm/min, the wire feeding speed is 0.5-3m/min, the substrate is preheated, and the temperature range is 40-100 ℃.

Further, the fused deposition modeling device parameters in the step 6 are as follows: the melting temperature is 350-450 ℃, the layer thickness is 0.05-0.3mm, the printing speed is 40-80mm/s, and the preheating temperature of a printing platform is 30-60 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. light in weight, intensity is high: the density of the aluminum alloy is about 2.7g/cm ³ Is 1/3 of steel, and the density of the polyether-ether-ketone is about 1.32g/cm ³ Is 1/6 of steel. Both materials have good corrosion resistance, wear resistance, tensile strength and compressive strength, and the toughness and impact resistance of the materials after being doped with rare earth elements and graphene respectively can be further improved. The topology optimization structure can further reduce the mass of the bicycle while improving the mechanical property;

2. the two forms of the land and the water are simple to change: the suspension air bag is convenient to expand and retract;

3. easy processing and corrosion resistance: the high-performance polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) is special engineering plastic with excellent performance, has a plurality of remarkable advantages compared with other special engineering plastics, has excellent high temperature resistance, mechanical property, good self-lubricating property, chemical corrosion resistance, flame retardance and the like, and is suitable for underwater riding environments.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a bicycle in a ground walking state according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the bicycle in a water running state.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a topology optimization structure of a bicycle frame of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a main body frame; 2. a connecting rod; 3. a sprocket; 4. a suspension balloon; 5. a wheel; 6. an outer layer of the frame; 7. internal topology optimization architecture.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be clear that the dimensions of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the invention provides a composite device of an amphibious recreation bicycle, which comprises a main body frame, wheels, chain wheels, connecting rods and a suspension air bag, wherein the main body frame is of a hollow structure, and the inside of the main body frame is of a topological optimization structure; the outside of the wheel is I-shaped; the suspension air bag is connected with the main body frame through a connecting rod, so that the suspension air bag is folded and unfolded; the bicycle is manufactured through 3D printing, wherein the main body frame and the suspension air bag are manufactured by taking graphene reinforced polymer polyether ether ketone as a main body, and the wheels, the chain wheels and the connecting rods are manufactured by taking rare earth element reinforced aluminum alloy as a main body. The main body frame is the main body center of the composite device and is mainly used for carrying the gravity of a person and can also comprise structures such as a saddle, a handlebar, a beam and the like. The chain wheel 3 drives the chain 5, so that the amphibious recreation bicycle can advance on land and in water, the chain wheel is the same as a traditional bicycle, a rear drive mode can be adopted, a bearing is arranged on the central shaft of the chain wheel, and the outer ring of the bearing can be kept motionless. The suspension air bag 4 is retracted and deployed through the rotary connecting rod 2, so that two states of land walking and water walking can be freely switched; specifically, the connecting rod is hinged, and at least two states exist, in the first state, the connecting rod is lifted, the air bag is not contacted with the ground, in the second state, the connecting rod is put down, and the air bag is in a low position. The switching between the two states may be performed manually or automatically.

Furthermore, a certain gap is formed between the outer circumferential surfaces of the adjacent I-shaped wheels, the gap is 2-5cm, the advancing on the ground is not affected, and the advancing in water can be realized.

Further, when riding underwater, the bottom 1/3 of the wheel is under the water.

step 2, processing the STL file by adopting additive manufacturing professional software such as Magics and the like, automatically generating and supporting a bicycle model, slicing the bicycle model, and outputting a program code which can be identified by additive manufacturing equipment;

step 3, preparing mixed powder doped with rare earth elements of aluminum alloy powder by using a ball milling method, and adding the mixed powder into a wire feeding mechanism of an arc additive manufacturing device after preparing wires; specifically, a ball milling method is used for preparing mixed powder doped with rare earth elements by aluminum alloy powder, and the adopted ball milling process is as follows: mixing aluminum alloy powder and rare earth elements according to a certain proportion, vacuum sealing in a ball milling tank, and filling with inert gas argon. The ball material mass ratio is 1:1-4:1, and the rotating speed is set to 150-400rpm. In order to avoid overhigh temperature, adopting a ball milling mode of alternately cycling for 20min in the forward direction and for 20min in the reverse direction after stopping cooling for 10min, wherein the total time is 3-10h;

Further, taking scandium (Sc) doped as an example, the aluminum alloy powder in the step 3 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si:9-11%, mg:0.3-0.7%, fe:0.1-0.5%, cu:0.05-0.3%, zn:0.01-0.05%, mn:0.01-0.05%, rare earth element (Sc): 0.01-0.5%, and the balance of Al.

Further, the rare earth elements in step 3, including but not limited to Gd, Y, la, ce, er, are mainly added in the form of oxides, such as: gd (Gd) ₂ O ₃ 、Y ₂ O ₃ 、La ₂ O ₃ 、CeO ₂ The mass fraction of rare earth elements in the aluminum alloy mixed powder is 0.01-0.5%.

Further, the composite wire in the step 4 takes polyether-ether-ketone as a main body, the reinforced composite wire with graphene accounting for 0.5-5wt% is prepared, the purity of doped graphene is not less than 98wt%, the thickness of a sheet layer is 0.5-4nm, the diameter is 0.5-3 mu m, the dried polyether-ether-ketone and graphene are uniformly mixed in a high-speed mixer according to a certain mass ratio, and then the wire is extruded on a co-rotating double-screw extruder.

Uploading the program codes to additive manufacturing equipment, and preheating a substrate on a forming platform to 40-100 ℃;

further, the arc additive manufacturing device in the step 5 adopts argon with the purity of 99.99% as protective gas, the gas flow is 5-25L/min, the welding speed is 150-400mm/min, the wire feeding speed is 0.5-3m/min, the substrate is preheated, the temperature range is 40-100 ℃, the connecting rod 2, the chain wheel 3 and the wheels 5 are processed by the arc additive manufacturing device.

Cutting and taking down all parts on a substrate after processing, roughly polishing and finishing, assembling together, adding an epoxy resin coating on the surface, and enhancing the corrosion resistance.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. The composite device of the amphibious recreation bicycle is characterized by comprising a main body frame, wheels, chain wheels, connecting rods and suspension air bags, wherein the main body frame is of a hollow structure, and the inside of the main body frame is of a topological optimization structure; the outside of the wheel is I-shaped; the suspension air bag is connected with the main body frame through a connecting rod, so that the suspension air bag is folded and unfolded; the bicycle is manufactured through 3D printing, wherein the main body frame and the suspension air bag are manufactured by taking graphene reinforced polymer polyether ether ketone as a main body, and the wheels, the chain wheels and the connecting rods are manufactured by taking rare earth element reinforced aluminum alloy as a main body.

2. The amphibious bicycle of claim 1, wherein a gap is provided between the outer circumferential surfaces of adjacent "i" shaped wheels, the gap being 2-5cm.

3. A method of additive manufacturing of manufacturing an amphibious bicycle play complex as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 comprising the steps of:

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the topologically optimized structure in step 1 comprises a porous microstructure or lattice structure.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the aluminum alloy powder in the step 3 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si:9-11%, mg:0.3-0.7%, fe:0.1-0.5%, cu:0.05-0.3%, zn:0.01-0.05%, mn:0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Al.

6. A method according to claim 3, wherein the rare earth elements in step 3, including Gd, Y, la, ce, er, are added mainly in the form of oxides, and the mass fraction of the rare earth elements in the aluminum alloy mixed powder is 0.01-0.5%.

7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the composite wire in the step 4 is mainly made of polyether-ether-ketone, the purity of the doped graphene is not less than 98wt%, the thickness of the sheet layer is 0.5-4nm, and the diameter is 0.5-3 μm.

8. A method according to claim 3, wherein the arc additive manufacturing apparatus in step 5 uses argon gas with a purity of 99.99% as a shielding gas, the gas flow is 5-25L/min, the welding rate is 150-400mm/min, the wire feeding rate is 0.5-3m/min, the substrate is preheated, and the temperature is 40-100 ℃.

9. A method according to claim 3, wherein the fused deposition modeling apparatus parameters in step 6 are as follows: the melting temperature is 350-450 ℃, the layer thickness is 0.05-0.3mm, the printing speed is 40-80mm/s, and the preheating temperature of a printing platform is 30-60 ℃.