CN117096879A - Motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic wave treatment method based on C-type filter - Google Patents

Motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic wave treatment method based on C-type filter Download PDF

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CN117096879A
CN117096879A CN202310853393.XA CN202310853393A CN117096879A CN 117096879 A CN117096879 A CN 117096879A CN 202310853393 A CN202310853393 A CN 202310853393A CN 117096879 A CN117096879 A CN 117096879A
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harmonic
traction
working condition
filter
power supply
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CN117096879B (en
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张海刚
王子卓
周浩强
曾松
王步来
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Shanghai Institute of Technology
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Shanghai Institute of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40Arrangements for reducing harmonics

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic wave treatment method based on a C-type filter, which relates to the technical field of high-speed railway power and comprises the following steps: analyzing the harmonic problems of a motor train unit, a traction network and a power grid of a traction power supply system; constructing a C-type filter by using a PPF harmonic treatment scheme; simulating a locomotive harmonic source model; setting parameters for a traction power supply system model, and designing working conditions of six types of locomotives; carrying out multi-working condition harmonic characteristic and negative sequence analysis on the traction power supply system; experiments were performed on the parameters of the C-type filter for multiple operating conditions. The C-filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method provided by the application reduces the harm of negative sequence current to traction power supply systems and motor train unit equipment, prolongs the service life of the equipment and reduces the maintenance cost; the influence of harmonic waves on the public power grid and the train electrical equipment is reduced, the electric energy loss is reduced, the electric energy utilization rate is improved, and the energy is saved; the power supply quality and reliability of the traction power supply system are improved, and power supply faults are reduced.

Description

Motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic wave treatment method based on C-type filter
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of high-speed railway power, in particular to a motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic wave treatment method based on a C-type filter.
Background
The motor train unit is a main traction load of a high-speed railway, and a large amount of harmonic current can be generated in the running process of the motor train unit, so that the electric energy quality of a power grid is seriously affected. The harmonic current not only can cause energy waste, but also can have adverse effects on other power equipment and communication systems, even cause harmonic resonance phenomenon, and endanger safe and reliable operation.
At present, the research on harmonic waves and negative sequence currents at home and abroad is more, but the completeness of a simulation system is insufficient, namely, the train load is equivalent to the resistive load connected with a traction power supply system due to the equivalent impedance of a plurality of electric elements, so that the negative sequence rule is reflected, but the completeness of modeling is lacking. The C-type filter is applied to a power system for a long time, but high-speed trains are various in variety and frequent in working condition, so that the harmonic spectrum of the trains has random dynamic characteristics. Furthermore, rapid changes in the harmonic injection location result in changes in the harmonic transmission characteristics of the system. Therefore, it is difficult for general harmonic management methods to fully compensate for harmonics.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the application and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description of the application and in the title of the application, which may not be used to limit the scope of the application.
The present application has been made in view of the above-described problems.
Therefore, the technical problems solved by the application are as follows: the regenerative braking model of the traction power supply system is built by self, so that richer train operation conditions are obtained, the harmonic wave and negative sequence problems caused by locomotive traction braking on the power grid side under various conditions are analyzed in detail, the parameters of the C-type filter are optimized from the multiple condition angles to carry out harmonic wave treatment, and the method is more in line with engineering practice of the traction power supply system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme: a motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic wave treatment method based on a C-type filter comprises the following steps: analyzing the harmonic problems of a motor train unit, a traction network and a power grid of a traction power supply system; constructing a C-type filter by using a PPF harmonic treatment scheme; simulating a locomotive harmonic source model; setting parameters for a traction power supply system model, and designing working conditions of six types of locomotives; carrying out multi-working condition harmonic characteristic and negative sequence analysis on the traction power supply system; experiments were performed on the parameters of the C-type filter for multiple operating conditions.
As a preferable scheme of the C-type filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method, the application comprises the following steps: the analysis traction power supply system comprises the step of generating higher harmonic resonance overvoltage when harmonic waves near a resonance point are contained in harmonic wave current output by the motor train unit, and analyzing by taking single-column alpha braking as an example.
As a preferable scheme of the C-type filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method, the application comprises the following steps: the construction of the C-shaped filter comprises the step of adopting a parallel PPF harmonic treatment scheme, and installing the C-shaped filter on a T contact wire of a traction substation for frequency scanning analysis to obtain a frequency resistance characteristic equation of the filter.
As a preferable scheme of the C-type filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method, the application comprises the following steps: the frequency-blocking characteristic equation is expressed as,
X L =nω 1 L,
X C1 =1/(nω 1 C 1 ),
X C2 =1/(nω 1 C 2 )
wherein Z is c Representing the impedance of a C-filter, X L 、X C1 、X C2 And R corresponds to the impedance values of the inductance L, the capacitances C1 and C2 and the parallel resistor R of the C-type high-pass filter, j is an imaginary unit, and j is satisfied 2 = -1, n represents the harmonic order, ω 1 Represents the fundamental angular frequency, Z c Representing the complex impedance of the circuit, X 1 、X 2 Representing the imaginary impedance of the first and second parts of the circuit, respectively.
As a preferable scheme of the C-type filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method, the application comprises the following steps: the simulation of the locomotive harmonic source model comprises the steps of adopting a CRH2 train circuit simulation model to verify the correctness and adaptability of the model;
and respectively simulating the voltage and current and the phase relation of the locomotive network side under the traction working condition and the regenerative braking working condition, and analyzing the total harmonic content THD of the network side current by using a double FFT harmonic analysis method.
As a preferable scheme of the C-type filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method, the application comprises the following steps: the setting parameters comprise that the voltage of a three-phase system is set to 220kV, the capacity of a traction substation is set to 40MW, the transformer transformation ratio of the traction substation is set to 220:27.5, the capacity of an AT (automatic transmission) is set to 40MW, the simulation duration is set to 0.3s, a locomotive model and a traction power supply system are combined, the traction substation adopts V/x wiring, primary side AB and BC phases, secondary side neutral points are grounded, a traction network supplies power for AT, the situation that a train passes through a border is simulated by setting a breaker, no line is unloaded, negative sequence current is only generated by the power supply system, the network voltage of the traction network is ensured to be 27.5kV, the train normally operates in the traction power supply system, the access time is set to 0.05s under the regenerative braking working condition, the control voltage is maintained AT rated 3000V, the train stably operates in the traction power supply system, and six locomotive working conditions are designed to analyze the negative sequence and the harmonic wave of the power grid side;
the six locomotive working conditions comprise that working condition 1 is double-row traction, two-side power supply arms are all in traction operation, working condition 2 is alpha traction-beta braking, left side traction, right side braking, working condition 3 is double-row braking, two-side power supply arms are all in braking operation, working condition 4 is alpha braking-beta traction, left side braking, right side traction, working condition 5 is single-row braking, only one side braking is carried out, the other side is not carried out, working condition 6 is single-row traction, only one side is carried out, and the other side is not carried out.
As a preferable scheme of the C-type filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method, the application comprises the following steps: the multi-working condition harmonic characteristic and negative sequence analysis comprises the steps of analyzing through controlling locomotive running state simulation, taking stable harmonic waves at the moment of 0.22s, transversely comparing harmonic content of each working condition, analyzing harmonic data, extracting negative sequence level and harmonic content as characteristic parameters, and carrying out characteristic recognition on the harmonic waves under different working conditions according to the characteristic parameters;
the method is characterized in that a C-type filter parameter method is adopted for filtering treatment, parameters are set to be common parameters, C1=1.014uf, C2=540 uF, L1=18.4mh and R=100deg.C, according to the characteristics of multiple working conditions, in the working conditions 1 and 3, the power supply arms on both sides of a train are traction or braking operation, signal interference is small, C2=800-1000 uF and R=100-150Ω are selected, the passband width of the filter is large, and the transmission efficiency of signals is ensured;
in working conditions 2 and 4, one side of the train is pulled and braked, the signal interference is large, and C2=540-600 uF and R=250-300 omega are selected, so that the passband width of the filter is smaller, and the anti-interference capability of the signal is improved;
in working conditions 5 and 6, the single-side power supply arm of the train runs for traction or braking, the other side is free of the train, and in signal interference, C2=600-800 uF and R=150-250Ω are selected, so that the passband width and the selectivity of the filter are moderate, and the transmission efficiency and the anti-interference capability of signals are balanced.
Another object of the present application is to provide a harmonic control system for multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter, which can effectively control harmonic problems and reduce hidden trouble in safe and stable operation of a public power grid and a train.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme: a motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment system based on a C-type filter comprises: the device comprises a power supply module, a filter module, an analog module, a design module, an analysis module and an experiment module; the power supply module is used for generating and transmitting power and determining a working state; the filter module is used for manufacturing a C-type filter by using a parallel PPF harmonic governance scheme based on the power generated by the power supply module, and providing higher-quality power input; the simulation module is used for receiving the electric power processed by the filter module, simulating the traction working condition and the regenerative braking working condition by using the train circuit simulation model, and predicting the electric power requirements and harmonic generation conditions under various conditions; the design module sets parameters of the electric power system according to the prediction result of the simulation module, and designs parameters adapting to various locomotive working conditions according to the electrical parameters of equipment of the traction substation; the analysis module performs harmonic characteristic and negative sequence analysis through various working conditions set by the simulation and design module, provides data support for optimizing power transmission, and also provides reference for parameter setting of a subsequent experiment module; and the experiment module performs a C-type filter parameter optimization experiment according to the result of the analysis module so as to achieve the aim of optimizing the power transmission effect.
A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, said memory storing a computer program, characterized in that said processor, when executing said computer program, implements the steps of the method for managing harmonics of multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter as described above.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of a C-filter based motor train unit multi-class operating mode harmonic remediation method as described above.
The application has the beneficial effects that: the C-type filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method provided by the application can effectively analyze and treat the negative sequence current and harmonic problem generated in the high-speed rail operation, can reduce the harm of the negative sequence current to traction power supply systems and motor train unit equipment, prolongs the service life of the equipment and reduces the maintenance cost; the influence of harmonic waves on the public power grid and the train electrical equipment is reduced, the electric energy loss is reduced, the electric energy utilization rate is improved, and the energy is saved; the power supply quality and reliability of the traction power supply system are improved, power supply faults are reduced, and normal operation of the high-speed rail is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
fig. 1 is an overall flowchart of a method for managing harmonic waves of multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a motor train unit, a traction network, and a power grid harmonic distribution of a motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a filter added to a harmonic treatment method for multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control voltage level of a converter under a traction condition of a harmonic control method of multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a harmonic distribution under traction working conditions of a motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a harmonic distribution under a regenerative braking condition of a motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a control voltage level of the converter under a braking condition of a harmonic suppression method of multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a current harmonic distribution diagram of a motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 9 is a voltage harmonic distribution diagram of a motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 10 is a harmonic distribution of current under individual working conditions of a motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 11 is a harmonic distribution of voltage under individual working conditions of a motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a current harmonic content of a power grid side of a harmonic treatment method for multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 13 is a voltage harmonic content of a power grid side of a harmonic treatment method of multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a harmonic content of a traction network voltage according to a harmonic treatment method for multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 15 is a comparison of negative sequence characteristic waveforms before and after filtering of a harmonic treatment method for multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 16 is a waveform of voltage on the grid side before and after filtering of a harmonic treatment method of multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 17 is a pre-filtering traction network voltage waveform of a motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 18 is a filtered traction network voltage waveform of a harmonic treatment method for multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 19 is an overall structure diagram of a harmonic control system for multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter according to a third embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present application can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the application, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the application. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
While the embodiments of the present application have been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not to scale in the general sense for ease of illustration, and the drawings are merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in actual fabrication.
Also in the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper, lower, inner and outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first, second, or third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The terms "mounted, connected, and coupled" should be construed broadly in this disclosure unless otherwise specifically indicated and defined, such as: can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integral connection; it may also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a direct connection, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be a communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, for one embodiment of the present application, a method for harmonic treatment of multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter is provided, including:
analyzing the harmonic problems of a motor train unit, a traction network and a power grid of a traction power supply system; constructing a C-type filter by using a PPF harmonic treatment scheme; simulating a locomotive harmonic source model; setting parameters for a traction power supply system model, and designing working conditions of six types of locomotives; carrying out multi-working condition harmonic characteristic and negative sequence analysis on the traction power supply system; experiments were performed on the parameters of the C-type filter for multiple operating conditions.
The analysis traction power supply system comprises the step of generating higher harmonic resonance overvoltage when harmonic waves near a resonance point are contained in harmonic wave current output by the motor train unit, and analyzing by taking single-column alpha braking as an example.
The construction of the C-shaped filter comprises the steps of adopting a parallel PPF harmonic treatment scheme, and installing the C-shaped filter on a T contact wire of a traction substation for frequency scanning analysis to obtain a frequency resistance characteristic equation of the filter.
The frequency-blocking characteristic equation is expressed as,
X L =nω 1 L,
X C1 =1/(nω 1 C 1 ),
X C2 =1/(nω 1 C 2 )
wherein Z is c Representing the impedance of a C-filter, X L 、X C1 、X C2 And R corresponds to the impedance values of the inductance L, the capacitances C1 and C2 and the parallel resistor R of the C-type high-pass filter, j is an imaginary unit, and j is satisfied 2 = -1, n represents the harmonic order, ω 1 Represents the fundamental angular frequency, Z c Representing the complex impedance of the circuit, X 1 、X 2 Representing the imaginary impedance of the first and second parts of the circuit, respectively.
Simulating the locomotive harmonic source model comprises adopting a CRH2 train circuit simulation model to verify the correctness and adaptability of the model.
And respectively simulating the voltage and current and the phase relation of the locomotive network side under the traction working condition and the regenerative braking working condition, and analyzing the total harmonic content THD of the network side current by using a double FFT harmonic analysis method.
The setting parameters comprise that the voltage of a three-phase system is set to 220kV, the capacity of a traction substation is set to 40MW, the transformer transformation ratio of the traction substation is set to 220:27.5, the capacity of an AT (automatic transmission) is set to 40MW, the simulation duration is set to 0.3s, a locomotive model and a traction power supply system are combined, the traction substation adopts V/x wiring, primary side AB and BC phases, a secondary side neutral point is grounded, a traction network supplies power for AT, a circuit breaker is set to open and close, the situation that a train passes through is simulated, no train passes through is caused, a circuit is empty, negative sequence current is only generated by the power supply system, the network voltage of the traction network is ensured to be 27.5kV, the train normally operates in the traction power supply system, the access time is set to 0.05s under the regenerative braking working condition, the control voltage is maintained AT rated 3000V, the train stably operates in the traction power supply system, and six locomotive working conditions are designed to analyze the negative sequence and harmonic wave of the power grid side.
The six locomotive working conditions comprise that working condition 1 is double-row traction, working condition 2 is alpha traction-beta braking, left side traction, right side braking, working condition 3 is double-row braking, double-side power supply arms are braking operation, working condition 4 is alpha braking-beta traction, left side braking, right side traction, working condition 5 is single-row braking, only one side braking is carried out, the other side is free of vehicles, working condition 6 is single-row traction, only one side is carried out, and the other side is free of vehicles.
The multi-working condition harmonic characteristic and negative sequence analysis comprises the steps of analyzing through controlling the simulation of the running state of a locomotive, taking stable harmonic waves at the moment of 0.22s, transversely comparing the harmonic content of each working condition, analyzing harmonic data, extracting the negative sequence level and the harmonic content as characteristic parameters, and carrying out characteristic recognition on the harmonic waves under different working conditions according to the characteristic parameters.
The method is characterized in that a C-type filter parameter method is adopted for filtering treatment, parameters are set to be common parameters, C1=1.014uf, C2=540 uF, L1=18.4mh and R=100deg.C, according to the characteristics of multiple working conditions, in the working conditions 1 and 3, the power supply arms on two sides of a train are traction or braking operation, signal interference is small, C2=800-1000 uF and R=100-150Ω are selected, the passband width of the filter is large, and the transmission efficiency of signals is ensured.
In working conditions 2 and 4, one side of the train is pulled and the other side is braked, so that signal interference is large, and C2=540-600 uF and R=250-300 omega are selected, so that the passband width of the filter is small, and the anti-interference capability of the signal is improved.
In working conditions 5 and 6, the single-side power supply arm of the train runs for traction or braking, the other side is free of the train, and in signal interference, C2=600-800 uF and R=150-250Ω are selected, so that the passband width and the selectivity of the filter are moderate, and the transmission efficiency and the anti-interference capability of signals are balanced.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2-18, for one embodiment of the present application, a method for harmonic treatment of multiple working conditions of a motor train unit based on a C-type filter is provided, and in order to verify the beneficial effects of the present application, scientific demonstration is performed through calculation and simulation experiments.
Step 1: and analyzing the harmonic problems of the motor train unit, the traction network and the power grid of the traction power supply system.
Step 2: and constructing the C-type filter by using a PPF harmonic treatment scheme.
Step 3: and simulating the locomotive harmonic source model.
Step 4: parameters are set for the traction power supply system model, and six locomotive working conditions are designed.
Step 5: and carrying out multi-working condition harmonic characteristic and negative sequence analysis on the traction power supply system.
Step 6: experiments were performed on the parameters of the C-type filter for multiple operating conditions.
In step 1, the locomotive is the main source of harmonic wave, while the traction network is a complex power supply network composed of a plurality of irregular conductors such as contact lines, carrier ropes, positive feed lines, steel rails and the like, and larger distributed capacitance and inductance exist among the power supply lines, so that when the distributed capacitance and inductance are matched with the impedance of other equipment of the system at a certain frequency, a system resonance point is formed. When harmonic waves near the resonance point are contained in harmonic wave current output by the motor train unit, higher harmonic wave resonance overvoltage can be generated. Taking single-column alpha braking as an example, the vehicle network coupling harmonic distribution is shown in the three interaction mechanisms shown in figure 2, and the main difference is 5 to 30 harmonics and 70 to 80 harmonics. The harmonic current content of the 27 times vicinity injected by the motor train unit is relatively low, which indicates that the higher harmonic voltage of the 27 times vicinity is probably due to resonance point existing in the vicinity of the system, so that resonance amplification is caused, and the harmonic distribution of the power grid in the figure is presented. The negative sequence fluctuation generated by the harmonic impedance during filtering is not neglected, so that the influence of multiple aspects and multiple working conditions is comprehensively considered during the design of a harmonic treatment scheme, and the definition of the filtering effect is carried out by combining the harmonic standard of the power grid in the table 1.
Table 1 harmonic voltage standard meter for electric network at each level
In step 2, the harmonic treatment scheme includes an Active Power Filter (APF), a Passive Power Filter (PPF), and the filter-free scheme such as adjusting system parameters to change the resonant frequency. APF with dynamic filtering effect is the best solution due to the harmonic dynamics of TPSS. However, APF has a higher input cost than PPF. Furthermore, the harmonic problem of the current TPSS is not severe. Therefore, PPF is widely applied to the current harmonic governance scheme of TPSS. PPFs can be divided into two types, serial and parallel, according to the manner of connection. The parallel PPF is more convenient to install, and the influence on the system is smaller than that of the serial PPF. The parallel filters such as single tuning, double tuning and C-type filters have tuning frequencies and better suppression effect on harmonic resonance. Single-tuned filters and C-type filters are also widely used in harmonic control of TPSS.
When the C-shaped filter is installed on the T-contact wire of the traction substation to perform frequency scanning, the traction power supply system can be equivalent to an equivalent circuit as shown in fig. 3. The impedance of the C-type filter can be expressed as follows:
X L =nω 1 L,
X C1 =1/(nω 1 C 1 ),
X C2 =1/(nω 1 C 2 )
wherein X is L 、X C1 、X C2 And R corresponds to the impedance values of the inductance L, the capacitances C1 and C2 and the parallel resistor R of the C-type high-pass filter, j is an imaginary unit, and j is satisfied 2 Where = -1, n represents the harmonic order, ω 1 Representing the fundamental angular frequency.
From this, the frequency-blocking characteristic equation of the filter can be obtained:
wherein Z is c X is the complex impedance of the circuit 1 、X 2 The imaginary impedances of the first and second parts of the circuit, respectively.
In step 3, a CRH2 train circuit simulation model is adopted, the voltage and current and the phase relation thereof at the locomotive network side under the traction working condition and the regenerative braking working condition are respectively simulated for verifying the correctness and the adaptability of the model, and the total harmonic content THD of the network side current is analyzed by a double FFT harmonic analysis method. Referring to fig. 4, 5, 6 and 7. Under the traction condition shown in fig. 4, the harmonic current distribution trend of the CRH2 type motor train unit is approximately the same as the voltage level, and the voltage of the ac input terminal is 5 level (U d 、U d /2、0、-U d /2、-U d ) The equivalent sine wave of the pulse, the current at the net side is close to the sine wave, the voltage and the current of the braking working condition are reversed, and the actual working condition effect is met. The net-side FFT analysis results of the two conditions show that the current has even harmonic doping phenomenon under the traction condition, and the regenerative braking condition in FIG. 6 only has odd harmonic.
The harmonic distribution of the two working conditions has similarity, the lower harmonic is mainly concentrated in 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 times, and the higher harmonic is mainly concentrated in integer multiples of the carrier frequency. The carrier ratio n=1250/50=25, so the harmonics are distributed 50±7 (odd) and 100±7 (odd) times. This is due to the harmonic distribution caused by harmonics generated by certain nonlinear devices within the locomotive while the locomotive is in operation. Under rated load, harmonic distortion rate is in normal range, and during regenerative braking, the voltage and current of the network side are reversed, and the converter is used as an inverter to reversely output negative power. Through verification, the harmonic content and the voltage level are consistent with theoretical analysis, and the model meets the requirements.
In step 4, in consideration of line loss on the low-voltage side of the traction network when the locomotive is running, the locomotive power supply voltage is increased by 10% for voltage level compensation, namely 25x (1+10%) =27.5 kV, and the simulation parameters are configured as shown in table 2 in combination with the electrical parameters of equipment of a traction substation in China.
Table 2 simulation parameter configuration table
The traction substation adopts V/x wiring, namely the primary side is connected with AB and BC phases, and the secondary side is grounded. The traction network powers the AT. By setting the opening and closing of the circuit breaker, the passing of the train is simulated. Under the condition of no train passing, the line is empty, and the negative sequence current is only generated for the power supply system. The network voltage of the traction network is ensured to be 27.5kV, and the train normally operates in the traction power supply system.
Under the regenerative braking working condition, the access time is set to be 0.05s for facilitating the observation of the train braking process, the control voltage is maintained near the rated 3000V, and the train stably runs in the traction power supply system.
Six types of locomotive working conditions are designed to analyze the negative sequence and harmonic wave of the power grid side by combining the locomotive model and the traction power supply system, and the six types of working conditions are described with reference to a table 3.
TABLE 3 working condition specification sheet
In step 5, the working condition of step 4 is combined, and the operation state simulation of the locomotive is controlled, taking working condition 1 as an example: double-row traction, wherein an uplink alpha power supply arm passes by a train, a downlink beta power supply arm passes by a train, the states are traction operation, and the generated harmonic distribution can be referred to fig. 8 and 9. It can be seen that the 25 th harmonic content increases gradually with the time of the train switching in, due to the 1250Hz carrier modulation of the current transformer.
In order to more specifically describe harmonic data under multiple working conditions, stable harmonic at the moment of 0.22s is taken, and the harmonic content of each working condition is compared transversely, reference is made to fig. 10 and 11. Under all working conditions, the harmonic characteristics generally conform to the harmonic distribution of the locomotive harmonic source coupling traction network of fig. 1, and high-frequency harmonic waves of most working conditions are concentrated near 50 times. Under the single train braking working condition, the high-frequency harmonic current near 80-90 times of harmonic is obviously amplified. The maximum difference between the double-row traction working condition and the double-row braking is about 27 times of harmonic waves, which indicates that the impact of the braking working condition on the traction network is larger. The above harmonic characteristics can be used as a basis for the next study of the differences between different conditions, and the results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 Power grid side harmonic and negative sequence level comparison Table under different working conditions
Further, in step 5, as shown in table 4, when the running conditions of the two-side locomotive are different under the traction working condition, the negative sequence fluctuation is the largest, the negative sequence level during braking is the lowest, and the characteristics of high negative sequence and low negative sequence during braking are presented as a whole, especially for the double-row traction working condition, the generated negative sequence fluctuation is very large, and the drop is as high as 57%. The harmonic content is obviously distinguished, for example, when the alpha power supply arm has a braking working condition, the harmonic content is obviously higher than other working conditions, and the harmonic content is highest during double-row braking. Experiments show that the harmonic content under various working conditions has good differentiation, and when the braking working condition is the main, THDi/THDu harmonic content is increased by multiple compared with the traction working condition, and the result meets the requirement of feature classification and can be used for further feature recognition.
In step 6, the filtering processing is performed by adopting a C-type filter parameter method aiming at the harmonic problem.
The parameters are set as follows:
common type parameters: c1 =1.014 uF; c2 =540 uF; l1=18.4 Mh; r=100Ω. Presetting an optimized parameter range according to the characteristics of multiple working conditions: c2 =540 to 1000uF; r=100 to 300 Ω.
Since there are more working conditions, only one working condition is exemplified here, and taking working condition 2 as an example, the research results show that the filtering effect of the C-type filter and the optimized filtering effect can be referred to fig. 12 and fig. 13, and in order to further research the filtering effect, the harmonic filtering effect of the traction network voltage is evaluated, and reference is made to fig. 14.
Further, in step 6, as can be seen from the result, most of the harmonics are eliminated by the filtering scheme, the grid side THDi is reduced from 4.53% to 3.11%, the THDu is reduced from 2.34% to 1.11%, and the traction grid THDu is reduced from 4.39% to 2.11%. After the C-type filtering, most of the high-frequency components are filtered, but the harmonic components of 23 and 25 harmonics still show prominence. And the negative sequence component has an increasing tendency, so the final negative sequence is adjusted by optimizing the capacitor capacity and resistance value. Referring to fig. 15, the harmonic content is reduced to 1.77%, 0.73% and 1.17% after parameter optimization. Experiments show that the existence of the impedance of the filter can cause negative sequence to be increased, and the negative sequence problem can be compensated to a certain extent after the parameters are optimized. The filtering of the grid-side and traction-side voltage waveforms is then shown separately. Reference is made to fig. 16, 17 and 18.
The waveform result shows that the voltage waveform after being put into the filter is smoother, and the harmonic content is lower. The traction grid side voltage level and the harmonic conditions are then compared. Finally, a summary table 5 of filtering results for all conditions is as follows:
table 5 comparison of the front and rear of filter for all conditions
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It can be seen that the filtering efficiency of the scheme is higher than that of the existing method, the fluctuation of the filtering efficiency along with the change of the frequency spectrum is smaller, the adaptability is stronger, and the method has good application prospect in the aspect of harmonic treatment in high-voltage and high-current occasions.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting the same, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present application may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 19, for one embodiment of the present application, there is provided a C-filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment system, including:
the device comprises a power supply module, a filter module, an analog module, a design module, an analysis module and an experiment module; the power supply module is used for generating and transmitting power and determining a working state; the filter module is used for manufacturing a C-type filter by using a parallel PPF harmonic governance scheme based on the power generated by the power supply module, and providing higher-quality power input; the simulation module is used for receiving the electric power processed by the filter module, simulating the traction working condition and the regenerative braking working condition by using the train circuit simulation model, and predicting the electric power requirement and harmonic generation condition under various conditions; the design module sets parameters of the electric power system according to the prediction result of the simulation module, and designs parameters adapting to various locomotive working conditions according to the electrical parameters of equipment of the traction substation; the analysis module performs harmonic characteristic and negative sequence analysis through various working conditions set by the simulation and design module, provides data support for optimizing power transmission, and also provides reference for parameter setting of a subsequent experiment module; and the experiment module performs a C-type filter parameter optimization experiment according to the result of the analysis module so as to achieve the aim of optimizing the power transmission effect.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., a ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, as the program may be electronically captured, via, for instance, optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It is to be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.

Claims (10)

1. A motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic wave treatment method based on a C-type filter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
analyzing the harmonic problems of a motor train unit, a traction network and a power grid of a traction power supply system;
constructing a C-type filter by using a PPF harmonic treatment scheme;
simulating a locomotive harmonic source model;
setting parameters for a traction power supply system model, and designing working conditions of six types of locomotives;
carrying out multi-working condition harmonic characteristic and negative sequence analysis on the traction power supply system;
experiments were performed on the parameters of the C-type filter for multiple operating conditions.
2. The C-filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the analysis traction power supply system comprises the step of generating higher harmonic resonance overvoltage when harmonic waves near a resonance point are contained in harmonic wave current output by the motor train unit, and analyzing by taking single-column alpha braking as an example.
3. The C-filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the construction of the C-shaped filter comprises the step of adopting a parallel PPF harmonic treatment scheme, and installing the C-shaped filter on a T contact wire of a traction substation for frequency scanning analysis to obtain a frequency resistance characteristic equation of the filter.
4. The C-filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the frequency-blocking characteristic equation is expressed as,
X L =nω 1 L,
X C1 =1/(nω 1 C 1 ),
X C2 =1/(nω 1 C 2 )
wherein Z is c Representing the impedance of a C-filter, X L 、X C1 、X C2 And R corresponds to the impedance values of the inductance L, the capacitances C1 and C2 and the parallel resistor R of the C-type high-pass filter, j is an imaginary unit, and j is satisfied 2 = -1, n represents the harmonic order, ω 1 Represents the fundamental angular frequency, Z c Representing the complex impedance of the circuit, X 1 、X 2 Representing the imaginary impedance of the first and second parts of the circuit, respectively.
5. The C-filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the simulation of the locomotive harmonic source model comprises the steps of adopting a CRH2 train circuit simulation model to verify the correctness and adaptability of the model;
and respectively simulating the voltage and current and the phase relation of the locomotive network side under the traction working condition and the regenerative braking working condition, and analyzing the total harmonic content THD of the network side current by using a double FFT harmonic analysis method.
6. The C-filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the setting parameters comprise that the voltage of a three-phase system is set to 220kV, the capacity of a traction substation is set to 40MW, the transformer transformation ratio of the traction substation is set to 220:27.5, the capacity of an AT (automatic transmission) is set to 40MW, the simulation duration is set to 0.3s, a locomotive model and a traction power supply system are combined, the traction substation adopts V/x wiring, primary side AB and BC phases, secondary side neutral points are grounded, a traction network supplies power for AT, the situation that a train passes through a border is simulated by setting a breaker, no line is unloaded, negative sequence current is only generated by the power supply system, the network voltage of the traction network is ensured to be 27.5kV, the train normally operates in the traction power supply system, the access time is set to 0.05s under the regenerative braking working condition, the control voltage is maintained AT rated 3000V, the train stably operates in the traction power supply system, and six locomotive working conditions are designed to analyze the negative sequence and the harmonic wave of the power grid side;
the six locomotive working conditions comprise that working condition 1 is double-row traction, two-side power supply arms are all in traction operation, working condition 2 is alpha traction-beta braking, left side traction, right side braking, working condition 3 is double-row braking, two-side power supply arms are all in braking operation, working condition 4 is alpha braking-beta traction, left side braking, right side traction, working condition 5 is single-row braking, only one side braking is carried out, the other side is not carried out, working condition 6 is single-row traction, only one side is carried out, and the other side is not carried out.
7. The C-filter-based motor train unit multi-class working condition harmonic treatment method as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the multi-working condition harmonic characteristic and negative sequence analysis comprises the steps of analyzing through controlling locomotive running state simulation, taking stable harmonic waves at the moment of 0.22s, transversely comparing harmonic content of each working condition, analyzing harmonic data, extracting negative sequence level and harmonic content as characteristic parameters, and carrying out characteristic recognition on the harmonic waves under different working conditions according to the characteristic parameters;
the method is characterized in that a C-type filter parameter method is adopted for filtering treatment, parameters are set to be common parameters, C1=1.014uf, C2=540 uF, L1=18.4mh and R=100deg.C, according to the characteristics of multiple working conditions, in the working conditions 1 and 3, the power supply arms on both sides of a train are traction or braking operation, signal interference is small, C2=800-1000 uF and R=100-150Ω are selected, the passband width of the filter is large, and the transmission efficiency of signals is ensured;
in working conditions 2 and 4, one side of the train is pulled and braked, the signal interference is large, and C2=540-600 uF and R=250-300 omega are selected, so that the passband width of the filter is small, and the anti-interference capability of the signal is improved;
in working conditions 5 and 6, the single-side power supply arm of the train runs for traction or braking, the other side is free of the train, and in signal interference, C2=600-800 uF and R=150-250Ω are selected, so that the passband width and the selectivity of the filter are moderate, and the transmission efficiency and the anti-interference capability of signals are balanced.
8. A system employing the C-filter-based motor train unit multi-class operating mode harmonic treatment method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: the device comprises a power supply module, a filter module, an analog module, a design module, an analysis module and an experiment module;
the power supply module is used for generating and transmitting power and determining a working state;
the filter module is used for manufacturing a C-type filter by using a parallel PPF harmonic governance scheme based on the power generated by the power supply module, and providing higher-quality power input;
the simulation module is used for receiving the electric power processed by the filter module, simulating the traction working condition and the regenerative braking working condition by using the train circuit simulation model, and predicting the electric power requirements and harmonic generation conditions under various conditions;
the design module sets parameters of the electric power system according to the prediction result of the simulation module, and designs parameters adapting to various locomotive working conditions according to the electrical parameters of equipment of the traction substation;
the analysis module performs harmonic characteristic and negative sequence analysis through various working conditions set by the simulation and design module, provides data support for optimizing power transmission, and also provides reference for parameter setting of a subsequent experiment module;
and the experiment module performs a C-type filter parameter optimization experiment according to the result of the analysis module so as to achieve the aim of optimizing the power transmission effect.
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the C-filter based motor train unit multi-class operating mode harmonic remediation method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the C-filter based motor train unit multi-class operating mode harmonic remediation method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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