CN117094992A - Electrical equipment fault detection method and system based on image processing - Google Patents
Electrical equipment fault detection method and system based on image processing Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/13—Edge detection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment detection, in particular to an electrical equipment fault detection method and system based on image processing, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a fan blade image through image acquisition equipment, carrying out edge contour analysis, judging whether damage occurs on the surface of the fan blade, and maintaining the electric fan; if the surface of the fan blade has no damage characteristic, when the electric fan is started to run stably, the rotation rate of the fan blade is obtained through an electric signal generated by the magnet and the Hall sensor, and is compared with a preset rotation rate, and faults are judged and maintained according to a comparison result; if the maintenance of the rotating speed fault of the electric fan is completed, detecting the vibration value of the fan blade in the second time period through the vibration sensor, drawing a vibration diagram, comparing the vibration diagram with a preset vibration diagram for maximum vibration value, minimum vibration value and superposition degree, judging whether the electric fan is faulty or not according to the comparison result, and if the electric fan is faulty, maintaining the electric fan. The invention is used for solving the problem of low detection rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment detection, in particular to an electrical equipment fault detection method and system based on image processing.
Background
The electrical equipment detection technology refers to the technical field of evaluating and detecting electrical equipment in terms of safety, performance, quality and the like. This field relates to electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, automation technology, and the like, and relates to knowledge and technology in detection, measurement, fault diagnosis, performance evaluation, and the like of various electrical devices. The development of electrical equipment detection technology is closely related to the requirements of modern society on the safety and reliability of electrical equipment.
The patent document with publication number CN109917216A discloses a household appliance fault monitoring device, the device comprises a frequency acquisition circuit, a separation calibration circuit and a signal output circuit, the frequency acquisition circuit acquires the signal frequency of the input end of a signal transmission channel in a household appliance fault monitoring device control terminal, the separation calibration circuit uses a separation circuit consisting of a variable resistor RW1, a variable resistor RW2, a capacitor C4 and a capacitor C3 to divide the signal into two paths of signals with different amplitudes at the same frequency, one path uses a triode Q1 and a triode Q2 to form a push-pull circuit to reduce the conduction loss of the signal, the other path uses a rectifier circuit consisting of a variable resistor RW3, a diode D4 and a diode D5 to rectify the signal, and finally the signal output circuit uses a composite circuit consisting of a triode Q5, a triode Q6, a resistor R14 and a resistor R15 to prevent signal distortion, and can convert the signal frequency into a trigger signal of an alarm module in the household appliance fault monitoring device control terminal.
In the prior art, the detection process is complicated when the fault of the electrical equipment is detected, so that the problem of low detection rate is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides an electrical equipment fault detection method and system based on image processing, which can solve the problem of low detection rate.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electrical equipment failure detection method based on image processing, the method comprising:
obtaining a fan blade image in an electric fan through image acquisition equipment, carrying out edge contour analysis on the fan blade image, judging whether the surface of the fan blade is damaged, if so, maintaining the electric fan, wherein the fan blade rotates around the same axis at a constant speed in the running process of the electric fan, and the fan blade at least comprises two blades;
if the surface of the fan blade has no damage characteristic, starting the electric fan, when the electric fan runs stably, calculating the geometric center position of the fan blade according to the edge profile of any fan blade, marking, fixing a magnet at the geometric center of the fan blade, generating an electric signal through a Hall sensor when the fan blade rotates to obtain the rotation rate of the fan blade in a first time period, comparing the rotation rate with a preset rotation rate, and if the rotation rate is smaller than the preset rotation rate, then the electric fan is in fault, and further repairing the electric fan;
If the maintenance of the rotating speed faults of the electric fan is completed, the magnet is taken down, the electric fan is started, when the electric fan runs stably, according to the edge profile of any fan blade, the position, which is farthest from the end, connected with the fan blade, of the edge profile of the fan blade, is marked, a vibration sensor is fixedly arranged at the farthest position, the vibration value of the fan blade in a second time period is detected through the vibration sensor, a vibration diagram is drawn, the actual maximum vibration value in the vibration diagram is compared with the standard maximum value in a preset vibration diagram, the actual minimum vibration value in the vibration diagram is compared with the standard minimum value in the preset vibration diagram, whether the electric fan breaks down is judged according to the comparison result of the vibration values, if the maximum vibration value is smaller than or equal to the standard maximum value and the minimum value is larger than or equal to the standard minimum value, the vibration diagram is subjected to coincidence degree calculation, the vibration diagram is compared with the preset coincidence degree value, whether the electric fan breaks down is judged according to the comparison result of the coincidence degree, and if the electric fan breaks down is not, the electric fan breaks down in the second vibration diagram is obtained.
Further, judging whether the electric fan fails according to the vibration value comparison result includes:
extracting an actual maximum vibration value and an actual minimum vibration value in the vibration map;
comparing the actual maximum vibration value with a standard maximum value in the preset vibration diagram, comparing the actual minimum vibration value with a standard minimum value in the preset vibration diagram, and if the maximum vibration value is larger than the standard maximum value or the minimum value is smaller than the standard minimum value, vibrating the electric fan.
Further, calculating the coincidence degree of the vibration diagram and a preset vibration diagram, comparing the coincidence degree with a preset coincidence degree value, and judging whether the electric fan has a fault according to the coincidence degree comparison result comprises:
extracting a plurality of actual amplitude values in the vibration image, calculating the average value of the plurality of actual amplitude values, obtaining a mean value amplitude value, and performing coincidence calculation on the mean value amplitude value and a standard amplitude value in the preset vibration image to obtain a first coincidence value;
extracting a plurality of actual vibration frequencies in unit time in the vibration map, calculating the average value of the actual vibration frequencies, and performing coincidence degree calculation on the average value frequency value and the standard frequency value in the preset vibration map to obtain a second coincidence degree value;
Adding the first coincidence degree value and the second coincidence degree value to obtain a third coincidence degree value;
comparing the third degree of coincidence value with the preset degree of coincidence value, if the third degree of coincidence value is smaller than or equal to the preset degree of coincidence value, the electric fan has no fault, and if the third degree of coincidence value is larger than the preset degree of coincidence value, the electric fan has fault.
Further, if the electric fan vibration fails, maintaining the electric fan includes:
image acquisition is carried out on the connection position of the fan blade and the electric fan, and a connection image is obtained;
extracting edge contours of the connecting parts in the connecting images through an edge detection algorithm;
converting the connection image into a gray image through image processing software;
and recognizing gray values among edge contour areas of the connecting parts, and if the gray values are smaller than preset gray values, loosening the connecting parts, wherein the connecting parts are tightly regulated or replaced.
Further, analyzing the blade image, and determining whether damage occurs to the blade surface includes:
obtaining a fan blade image through image acquisition equipment;
denoising the fan blade image through an image processing tool;
Obtaining the edge contour of the fan blade in the fan blade image through an edge detection algorithm;
and calculating the similarity between the edge profile of the fan blade and the edge profile of the standard fan blade, wherein if the similarity result is smaller than the preset similarity, the fan blade is damaged, and if the similarity result is greater than or equal to the preset similarity, the fan blade is not damaged.
Further, calculating the geometric center position of the fan blade according to the edge contour of any fan blade and marking the geometric center position comprises:
establishing a rectangular coordinate system with a length value as a horizontal axis and a width value as a vertical axis;
drawing the edge contour of the fan blade in the rectangular coordinate system;
marking the edge contour of the fan blade at intervals of 10cm to obtain coordinates of a plurality of marked points;
and calculating the average value of the horizontal coordinates and the vertical coordinates of a plurality of coordinates, and obtaining the average value of the coordinates, wherein the point corresponding to the average value of the coordinates is the geometric center position of the fan blade.
Further, obtaining the rotational rate of the fan blade during the first time period by the magnet generating an electrical signal through the hall sensor as the fan blade rotates comprises:
a magnet is fixedly arranged at the geometric center of the fan blade, the magnet is positioned on the same transverse plane, the Hall sensor is arranged at a position 20cm away from the magnet, and the Hall sensor is connected with a relay;
And starting the electric fan, rotating the fan blade and then rotating the magnet, wherein when the magnet passes through the Hall sensor, the Hall sensor receives voltage change to generate an electric signal so as to trigger the relay, and recording the number of times the relay is triggered in the first time period, wherein the number of times is the rotation rate of the fan blade in the first time period.
Further, maintaining the electric fan includes:
detecting voltage values of power supply voltage connected with the electric fan in a third time period through a voltage sensor, and obtaining a plurality of voltage values;
establishing a rectangular coordinate system with time as a horizontal axis and a voltage value as a vertical axis;
drawing a plurality of voltage values in the rectangular coordinate system in the form of points according to the measurement time and the measurement value;
connecting two adjacent points to obtain a voltage diagram;
and drawing a standard voltage range area in the voltage diagram, calculating the duty ratio of the voltage diagram in the standard voltage range area, and if the duty ratio result is smaller than a preset duty ratio, the power supply voltage is unstable and the power supply voltage is required to be replaced or a voltage stabilizer is required to be installed.
Further, detecting a vibration value of the fan blade in a second time period by the vibration sensor, and drawing a vibration chart includes:
Installing a vibration sensor on the fan blade, and detecting an initial vibration value of the fan blade before the second time period begins;
in the second time period, detecting vibration values of the fan blades in real time through the vibration sensor, and obtaining a plurality of vibration values;
calculating the difference value between the vibration values and the initial vibration values to obtain a plurality of vibration variation values;
establishing a rectangular coordinate system with time as a horizontal axis and a vibration value as a vertical axis;
drawing a plurality of vibration variation values in the rectangular coordinate system in the form of points according to the measurement time and the numerical value;
and connecting the adjacent two points to obtain a vibration diagram.
Further, a system of an electrical equipment failure detection method based on image processing, the system comprising:
the fan blade analysis module is used for acquiring a fan blade image in the electric fan through the image acquisition equipment, carrying out edge contour analysis on the fan blade image, judging whether the surface of the fan blade is damaged, if so, maintaining the electric fan, and rotating the fan blade around the same axis at a constant speed in the running process of the electric fan, wherein the fan blade at least comprises two fan blades;
the rotating speed analysis module is connected with the fan blade analysis module, if the surface of the fan blade has no damage characteristic, the electric fan is started, when the electric fan runs stably, the geometric center position of the fan blade is calculated according to the edge profile of any fan blade, the geometric center position of the fan blade is marked, a magnet is fixed at the geometric center of the fan blade, the magnet generates an electric signal through a Hall sensor when the fan blade rotates to obtain the rotating speed of the fan blade in a first time period, the rotating speed is compared with a preset rotating speed, and if the rotating speed is smaller than the preset rotating speed, the electric fan is in fault, and then the electric fan is maintained;
And the vibration analysis module is connected with the rotating speed analysis module, if the maintenance of the rotating speed fault of the electric fan is completed, the magnet is taken down, the electric fan is started, when the electric fan runs stably, the edge profile of any fan blade is marked, the position, which is farthest from the connecting end of the fan blade and the electric fan, of the edge profile of the fan blade is fixedly arranged at the farthest distance, the vibration value of the fan blade in a second time period is detected through the vibration sensor, a vibration diagram is drawn, the vibration diagram is compared with a preset vibration diagram to carry out the maximum vibration value, the minimum vibration value and the superposition ratio, whether the electric fan is faulty or not is judged according to the comparison result, if the electric fan is in vibration fault, the electric fan is maintained, and the preset vibration diagram is the vibration diagram obtained by the electric fan without faults in the second time period.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the image acquisition device is used for acquiring the image of the blades inside the electric fan, further analyzing and judging whether the surfaces of the blades are damaged or not, thus carrying out preliminary fault detection on the electric fan, further, through shooting the image, judging the damage to the blades more intuitively, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the fault judging process, if the blades of the electric fan are faulty, timely maintaining the blades, avoiding the occurrence of larger faults of the electric fan in the using process, ensuring the safety of the using process of the electric fan, measuring the rotation rate of the electric fan through the Hall sensor, leading the rotation rate detection process to be simple and rapid, and ensuring the accurate detection result, setting the preset rotation rate to determine whether the rotation rate is abnormal, further judging whether the rotation rate has faults or not, if the electric fan has faults, maintaining corresponding parts influencing the rotation rate, improving the speed and the speed of the electric fan, ensuring the safety of the running process of the electric fan, detecting the blades of the electric fan through the vibration sensor, detecting the vibration value in a second time period, leading the vibration value to be more than the preset vibration value, and leading the vibration value to be more accurate to be compared with the preset vibration value, and the vibration value to be more intuitively judged if the vibration value is more than the preset vibration value in the vibration value, and the vibration value is completely judged if the vibration value is more than the preset, the electric fan is in fault, the fault of the electric fan is further judged, so that the vibration fault of the electric fan is comprehensively and finely judged, the fault judgment result is accurate, the parts generated by the vibration fault of the electric fan are timely maintained, the greater danger caused by the vibration problem is avoided, and the electric fan is safe in use.
In particular, the maximum vibration value and the minimum vibration value in the vibration diagram are extracted, the maximum vibration value is compared with the standard maximum value in the preset vibration diagram, if the maximum vibration value is larger than the standard maximum value, the vibration fault of the electric fan is indicated, meanwhile, the minimum vibration value is compared with the standard minimum value in the preset vibration diagram, if the minimum vibration value is smaller than the standard minimum value, the vibration fault of the electric fan is primarily judged, and the standard maximum value and the standard minimum value are set, so that the judging process is simple and the judging result is accurate, and the vibration fault of the electric fan is screened through primary judgment, so that the fault of the fan is found in time, and the safety of the fan operation process is ensured.
In particular, by calculating the coincidence ratio of the vibration diagram and the preset vibration diagram, whether the operation of the electric fan is faulty or not is rapidly judged, the accuracy and the efficiency of fault diagnosis are improved, the calculation is comprehensive by calculating the first coincidence ratio value and the second coincidence ratio value, the accuracy of a calculation coincidence ratio result is ensured, the judgment of the vibration diagram is based by setting the preset coincidence ratio value, the fault condition of the electric fan can be directly judged, the efficiency of the fault judgment process is improved, and the judgment result is accurate.
In particular, the image acquisition is performed on the connection part of the fan blade and the electric fan, the edge contour of the connecting part is extracted by using an edge detection algorithm, the shape and structure information of the connecting part are obtained, the connecting part is convenient to intuitively analyze, the image is clearer by converting the connecting image into a gray image, more useful information can be extracted, the gray value between the edge contour areas of the connecting part is identified, the gray value between the edge contour areas of the connecting part and the gray value are compared, whether a blank area or a missing area which is not completely connected is judged at the connection part is further judged, the connecting part is further judged, and appropriate maintenance such as tightening of the connecting part or replacement of the connecting part is adopted according to the loose connecting part, so that the vibration fault of the electric fan is repaired, and the safety of the running process of the fan is ensured.
Particularly, the image acquisition device is used for acquiring the blade image, so that the state of the blade is intuitively known, the image is subjected to denoising treatment through the image processing tool, the acquired blade image is clearer and more real, the details in the blade image are highlighted and enhanced, the edge contour of the blade is conveniently extracted through an edge detection algorithm, the extraction result is accurate, the edge contour of the blade in the blade image is acquired through the edge detection algorithm, the edge contour of the blade obtained through extraction is accurate, the efficiency of the edge detection process is improved, the similarity calculation is carried out on the extracted edge contour and the edge contour of a standard blade, the difference between the blade and the standard blade is judged, and if the similarity result is smaller than the preset similarity, the damage on the surface of the blade can be judged; if the similarity result is greater than or equal to the preset similarity, the surface of the fan blade can be judged to be undamaged, the fan blade can be rapidly and accurately damaged and judged through the preset similarity, the time and cost of manual inspection are saved, the detection efficiency and accuracy are improved, and the safety and performance stability of the electric fan in the use process are improved.
In particular, the geometric center position of the fan blade is calculated through the edge profile of the fan blade, so that the geometric center position is accurately obtained, the rotation rate of the fan blade is accurately measured, the geometric center is calculated through establishing a coordinate system, the calculation result is simple and convenient, the final result is accurately obtained, the calculation process is comprehensive through selecting a plurality of points with the interval of 10cm for calculation, the error of the calculation result is reduced, and the geometric center position is accurately determined.
In particular, the magnet is fixedly arranged at the geometric center of the fan blade, the Hall sensor is arranged at a certain distance, so that the measuring result of the rotation rate of the fan blade is accurate, the voltage change generated by the relay when the magnet passes through the sensor is accurately detected through the Hall sensor and the relay, the accurate measurement of the rotation rate of the fan blade is realized, the rotation rate of the fan blade in a first time period is monitored in real time by recording the number of times the relay is touched, a data basis is provided for the subsequent rotation rate fault judgment, the rotation rate of the fan is measured through the magnet, the Hall sensor and the relay, the measuring process is simple and convenient, the measuring efficiency is improved, the Hall sensor has high stability and reliability, and can stably operate for a long time, and the rotation rate measuring result is accurate.
In particular, the vibration of the fan blade is detected through the vibration sensor, so that the detection process is simple and rapid, the detection result is accurate, a plurality of vibration values and the initial vibration values are subjected to difference value calculation, a plurality of vibration change values are obtained, the influence of the initial vibration values is eliminated by the vibration change values, the vibration diagram is drawn more accurately, the fault judgment result is more accurate, the vibration values of the fan blade in the second time period are intuitively known through drawing the vibration values in the rectangular coordinate system in the form of points, the analysis of the stability of the fan blade is facilitated, the efficiency of the fan vibration fault judgment process is improved, and the judgment result is intuitive and accurate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an electrical equipment fault detection method based on image processing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of analyzing the blade image in the image processing-based electrical equipment fault detection method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of measuring a rotation rate of the fan blade in a first time period by a hall sensor in the image processing-based electrical equipment fault detection method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of an electrical equipment fault detection system based on image processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be further described with reference to the following examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for detecting faults of electrical equipment based on image processing, which includes:
the electrical equipment is an electric fan;
step S100, obtaining a fan blade image in an electric fan through image acquisition equipment, carrying out edge contour analysis on the fan blade image, judging whether the surface of the fan blade is damaged, if so, maintaining the electric fan, wherein the fan blade rotates around the same axis at a constant speed in the running process of the electric fan, and the fan blade at least comprises two fan blades;
step 200, if the surface of the fan blade has no damage characteristic, starting the electric fan, when the electric fan runs stably, calculating the geometric center position of the fan blade according to the edge profile of any fan blade, marking, fixing a magnet at the geometric center of the fan blade, obtaining the rotation rate of the fan blade in a first time period by generating an electric signal through a Hall sensor through the magnet when the fan blade rotates, comparing the rotation rate with a preset rotation rate, and if the rotation rate is smaller than the preset rotation rate, the electric fan fails, and further maintaining the electric fan;
And step S300, if the maintenance of the rotating speed faults of the electric fan is completed, taking down the magnet, starting the electric fan, when the electric fan runs stably, marking the position, which is farthest from one end, of the edge profile of any fan blade, connected with the fan blade according to the edge profile of any fan blade, fixedly arranging a vibration sensor at the farthest position, detecting the vibration value of the fan blade in a second time period through the vibration sensor, drawing a vibration diagram, comparing the actual maximum vibration value in the vibration diagram with the standard maximum value in a preset vibration diagram, comparing the actual minimum vibration value in the vibration diagram with the standard minimum value in the preset vibration diagram, judging whether the electric fan is faulty according to the comparison result of the vibration values, if the maximum vibration value is smaller than or equal to the standard maximum value and the minimum value is larger than or equal to the standard minimum value, calculating the coincidence degree between the vibration diagram and the preset vibration diagram, comparing the coincidence degree value with the preset vibration diagram, judging whether the electric fan is faulty according to the comparison result of the coincidence degree, and acquiring the electric fan is faulty in the second vibration diagram if the electric fan is faulty.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention obtains the image of the inner fan blade of the electric fan through the image acquisition equipment, further analyzes and judges whether the surface of the fan blade is damaged, thus carrying out preliminary fault detection on the electric fan, leading the damage and fault judgment on the fan blade to be more visual through shooting the image, improving the efficiency and accuracy of the fault judgment process, if the fan blade of the electric fan is faulty, carrying out timely maintenance on the fan blade, avoiding larger fault of the electric fan in the use process, ensuring the safety of the use process of the electric fan, measuring the rotation rate of the electric fan through the Hall sensor, leading the rotation rate detection process to be simple and quick, leading the detection result to be accurate, determining whether the rotation rate is abnormal or not through setting the preset rotation rate, further judging whether the electric fan has the rotation speed fault, if the electric fan breaks down, corresponding parts affecting the rotating speed are maintained, the speed and maintenance speed for detecting the electric fan faults are improved, the safety of the running process of the electric fan is ensured, the vibration value of the electric fan blade in a second time period is detected through a vibration sensor, the detection result is comprehensive and accurate, the change of the vibration value in the second time period is visual through drawing a vibration diagram, the judging efficiency is improved, whether the electric fan has vibration faults or not is judged through comparing the vibration diagram with the maximum vibration value and the minimum vibration value in the preset vibration diagram, if the vibration value exceeds the preset range, the fault of the electric fan is indicated, the preliminary judgment is carried out on the fault of the electric fan, the coincidence degree of the vibration diagram and the preset vibration diagram is further judged, and if the coincidence degree is low, the fault of the electric fan is judged, further judge the trouble of electric fan, make to the vibration trouble judgement of electric fan is comprehensive and careful, makes the trouble judgement result accurate, in time maintains the part that electric fan vibration trouble produced, avoids leading to bigger danger because of vibration problem, makes electric fan use safety.
Specifically, judging whether the electric fan fails according to the vibration value comparison result includes:
extracting an actual maximum vibration value and an actual minimum vibration value in the vibration map;
comparing the actual maximum vibration value with a standard maximum value in the preset vibration diagram, comparing the actual minimum vibration value with a standard minimum value in the preset vibration diagram, and if the maximum vibration value is larger than the standard maximum value or the minimum value is smaller than the standard minimum value, vibrating the electric fan.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention compares the maximum vibration value with the standard maximum value in the preset vibration diagram by extracting the maximum vibration value and the minimum vibration value in the vibration diagram, if the maximum vibration value is larger than the standard maximum value, the vibration fault of the electric fan is indicated, meanwhile, compares the minimum vibration value with the standard minimum value in the preset vibration diagram, if the minimum vibration value is smaller than the standard minimum value, the vibration fault of the electric fan is preliminarily judged, and the judgment process is simple and the judgment result is accurate by setting the standard maximum value and the standard minimum value, and the vibration fault of the electric fan is screened by preliminary judgment so as to discover the fault of the fan in time and ensure the safety of the operation process of the fan.
Specifically, calculating the coincidence degree of the vibration diagram and a preset vibration diagram, comparing the coincidence degree with a preset coincidence degree value, and judging whether the electric fan has a fault according to the coincidence degree comparison result comprises:
extracting a plurality of actual amplitude values in the vibration image, calculating the average value of the plurality of actual amplitude values, obtaining a mean value amplitude value, and performing coincidence calculation on the mean value amplitude value and a standard amplitude value in the preset vibration image to obtain a first coincidence value;
extracting a plurality of actual vibration frequencies in unit time in the vibration map, calculating the average value of the actual vibration frequencies, and performing coincidence degree calculation on the average value frequency value and the standard frequency value in the preset vibration map to obtain a second coincidence degree value;
adding the first coincidence degree value and the second coincidence degree value to obtain a third coincidence degree value;
comparing the third degree of coincidence value with the preset degree of coincidence value, if the third degree of coincidence value is smaller than or equal to the preset degree of coincidence value, the electric fan has no fault, and if the third degree of coincidence value is larger than the preset degree of coincidence value, the electric fan has fault.
Specifically, the calculation of the first overlap ratio value and the second overlap ratio value may be implemented by calculation of a relative error, if the mean value amplitude value is x1 and the standard amplitude value is x2, the first overlap ratio E1 is e1= (|x1-x2|/x 1) ×100%, at this time, the smaller the calculation result is, the more the mean value amplitude value overlaps with the standard amplitude value, the second overlap ratio value may be calculated by the same process, and the preset overlap ratio value is 15%.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention can rapidly judge whether the operation of the electric fan is faulty or not by calculating the coincidence ratio of the vibration diagram and the preset vibration diagram, improve the accuracy and the efficiency of fault diagnosis, ensure the accuracy of a calculated coincidence ratio result by calculating the first coincidence ratio value and the second coincidence ratio value, and further directly judge the fault condition of the electric fan by setting the preset coincidence ratio value, thereby improving the efficiency of a fault judging process and ensuring the accuracy of the judging result.
Specifically, if the electric fan vibration fails, repairing the electric fan includes:
image acquisition is carried out on the connection position of the fan blade and the electric fan, and a connection image is obtained;
extracting edge contours of the connecting parts in the connecting images through an edge detection algorithm;
converting the connection image into a gray image through image processing software;
and recognizing gray values among edge contour areas of the connecting parts, and if the gray values are smaller than preset gray values, loosening the connecting parts, wherein the connecting parts are tightly regulated or replaced.
Specifically, the image processing software may be Adobe Photoshop, which may use tools such as color channel mixing and color conversion to implement conversion of gray scale images, or may be image processing software such as GIMP and MATLAB, which will not be described herein.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention acquires the shape and structure information of the connecting part by collecting the image at the joint of the fan blade and the electric fan and extracting the edge outline of the connecting part by using an edge detection algorithm, so that the connecting part is convenient to intuitively analyze, the image is clearer by converting the connecting image into a gray image, more useful information can be extracted, the gray value between the edge outline areas of the connecting part is identified, the gray value is compared with a preset gray value, whether a blank area or a missing area which is not completely connected is arranged at the joint is judged, the connectivity of the connecting part is further judged, and appropriate maintenance such as tightening of the connecting part or replacement of the connecting part is adopted according to the loose connecting part, so that the vibration fault of the electric fan is repaired, and the safety of the running process of the fan is ensured.
Referring to fig. 2, analyzing the fan blade image to determine whether damage occurs to the surface of the fan blade includes:
step S110, obtaining a fan blade image through image acquisition equipment;
step S120, denoising the fan blade image through an image processing tool;
step S130, obtaining edge contours of the fan blades in the fan blade image through an edge detection algorithm;
step S140, performing similarity calculation on the edge profile of the fan blade and the edge profile of the standard fan blade, if the similarity result is smaller than a preset similarity, damaging the fan blade, and if the similarity result is greater than or equal to the preset similarity, damaging the fan blade.
Specifically, the image capturing device in the embodiment of the present invention may be a camera or other devices capable of capturing images; the edge detection algorithm in the embodiment of the invention can be a Canny edge detection algorithm, utilizes the characteristic that the edge in the image has a high gradient value, obtains a clear edge image finally through multistage processing including Gaussian filtering, gradient calculation, non-maximum suppression and double-threshold detection, can be a Sobel operator, calculates the gradient value of each pixel point in the image through convolution operation on the image, and determines the edge position through the amplitude of the gradient; in the embodiment of the invention, the image processing tool is used for denoising the fan blade image, a mean value filtering method can be adopted for denoising the fan blade image, the average value of the pixel values in the neighborhood of each pixel point in the image is calculated, and then the average value is used as a new value of the pixel point, so that the image processing tool is used for denoising the fan blade image.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention obtains the fan blade image through the image acquisition equipment, so that the state of the fan blade is intuitively known, the image is denoised through the image processing tool, the obtained fan blade image is clearer and more real, thereby highlighting and enhancing details in the fan blade image, facilitating the follow-up extraction of the edge contour of the fan blade through the edge detection algorithm, ensuring that the extraction result is accurate, obtaining the edge contour of the fan blade in the fan blade image through the edge detection algorithm, ensuring that the edge contour of the fan blade obtained by extraction is accurate, improving the efficiency of the edge detection process, carrying out similarity calculation on the extracted edge contour and the edge contour of the standard fan blade, judging the difference between the fan blade and the standard fan blade, and judging that the surface of the fan blade is damaged if the similarity result is smaller than the preset similarity; if the similarity result is greater than or equal to the preset similarity, the surface of the fan blade can be judged to be undamaged, the fan blade can be rapidly and accurately damaged and judged through the preset similarity, the time and cost of manual inspection are saved, the detection efficiency and accuracy are improved, and the safety and performance stability of the electric fan in the use process are improved.
Specifically, calculating the geometric center position of the fan blade according to the edge contour of any fan blade and marking the geometric center position comprises:
establishing a rectangular coordinate system with a length value as a horizontal axis and a width value as a vertical axis;
drawing the edge contour of the fan blade in the rectangular coordinate system;
marking the edge contour of the fan blade at intervals of 10cm to obtain coordinates of a plurality of marked points;
and calculating the average value of the horizontal coordinates and the vertical coordinates of a plurality of coordinates, and obtaining the average value of the coordinates, wherein the point corresponding to the average value of the coordinates is the geometric center position of the fan blade.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention calculates the geometric center position of the fan blade through the edge contour of the fan blade, so that the geometric center position is accurately obtained, the accurate measurement of the rotation rate of the fan blade is facilitated, the calculation result is simple and convenient through establishing a coordinate system to calculate the geometric center, the final result is accurate, the calculation process is comprehensive through selecting a plurality of points with the interval of 10cm to calculate, the error of the calculation result is reduced, and the geometric center position is accurately determined.
Referring to fig. 3, obtaining a rotation rate of the fan blade in a first period of time by generating an electrical signal by the magnet through the hall sensor when the fan blade rotates includes:
Step S210, a magnet is fixedly arranged at the geometric center of the fan blade, the Hall sensor is arranged at a position 20cm away from the magnet and positioned on the same transverse plane as the magnet, and the Hall sensor is connected with a relay;
step S220, starting the electric fan, rotating the fan blade and then rotating the magnet, when the magnet passes through the hall sensor, the hall sensor receives voltage change to generate an electric signal, and further triggering the relay, and recording the number of times the relay is triggered in the first time period, wherein the number of times is the rotation rate of the fan blade in the first time period.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, when the magnet is selected, under the condition that the detection process is not influenced, a small and light magnet is selected, the influence of the magnet on the rotation speed of the fan is reduced, the rotation condition of the fan is not influenced at the position of 20cm, and the result of measuring the rotation speed is optimal.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention ensures that the measurement result of the rotation rate of the fan blade is accurate by fixedly installing the magnet at the geometric center of the fan blade and arranging the Hall sensor at a certain distance, accurately detects the voltage change generated by the relay when the magnet passes through the sensor by arranging the Hall sensor and the relay, thereby realizing the accurate measurement of the rotation rate of the fan blade, and provides a data basis for the subsequent rotation rate fault judgment by recording the touch times of the relay in a first time period and monitoring the rotation rate of the fan blade in real time, and the rotation rate of the fan is measured by the magnet, the Hall sensor and the relay, so that the measurement process is simple and convenient, the measurement efficiency is improved, and the Hall sensor has high stability and reliability and can stably operate for a long time, thereby ensuring the accurate rotation rate measurement result.
Specifically, further repairing the electric fan includes:
detecting voltage values of power supply voltage connected with the electric fan in a third time period through a voltage sensor, and obtaining a plurality of voltage values;
establishing a rectangular coordinate system with time as a horizontal axis and a voltage value as a vertical axis;
drawing a plurality of voltage values in the rectangular coordinate system in the form of points according to the measurement time and the measurement value;
connecting two adjacent points to obtain a voltage diagram;
and drawing a standard voltage range area in the voltage diagram, calculating the duty ratio of the voltage diagram in the standard voltage range area, and if the duty ratio result is smaller than a preset duty ratio, the power supply voltage is unstable and the power supply voltage is required to be replaced or a voltage stabilizer is required to be installed.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention enables the fan fault judging process to be fast and accurate by comparing the rotation rate with the preset rotation rate, when the rotation rate is smaller than the preset rotation rate, the electric fan has faults, so that the fan faults are timely found, larger harm is avoided, the voltage sensor is used for detecting the power supply voltage, the detecting process is simple and fast, the efficiency of the detecting process is improved, the voltage diagram is drawn by a plurality of voltage values, the change condition of the power supply voltage in the third time period can be intuitively known, whether the power supply voltage is stable and accords with the standard voltage change range is further judged by calculating the duty ratio of the voltage diagram in the standard voltage range, if the duty ratio result is smaller than the preset duty ratio, the power supply voltage is unstable, the judging result of the power supply voltage is accurate, simple and fast, the power supply voltage is further repaired, the larger harm caused by the unstable power supply voltage is avoided, and the running safety of the fan is ensured.
Specifically, detecting, by the vibration sensor, a vibration value of the fan blade in a second time period, and drawing a vibration map includes:
installing a vibration sensor on the fan blade, and detecting an initial vibration value of the fan blade before the second time period begins;
in the second time period, detecting vibration values of the fan blades in real time through the vibration sensor, and obtaining a plurality of vibration values;
calculating the difference value between the vibration values and the initial vibration values to obtain a plurality of vibration variation values;
establishing a rectangular coordinate system with time as a horizontal axis and a vibration value as a vertical axis;
drawing a plurality of vibration variation values in the rectangular coordinate system in the form of points according to the measurement time and the numerical value;
and connecting the adjacent two points to obtain a vibration diagram.
Specifically, the vibration of the fan blade is detected through the vibration sensor, so that the detection process is simple and rapid, the detection result is accurate, a plurality of vibration values and the initial vibration value are subjected to difference value calculation, a plurality of vibration change values are obtained, the vibration change values exclude the influence of the initial vibration value, the vibration graph is drawn more accurately, the fault judgment result is more accurate, the vibration condition of the fan blade in the second time period can be intuitively known through drawing the plurality of vibration values in the rectangular coordinate system in the form of points, the analysis of the stability of the fan blade is facilitated, the efficiency of the fan vibration fault judgment process is improved, and the judgment result is intuitive and accurate.
Referring to fig. 4, a system of an electrical equipment fault detection method based on image processing includes:
the fan blade analysis module 10 is used for acquiring images of the inner fan blades of the electric fan through the image acquisition equipment, analyzing the images of the fan blades, judging whether the surfaces of the fan blades are damaged, and if so, maintaining the electric fan;
the rotating speed analysis module 20 is connected with the fan blade analysis module 10, if the surface of the fan blade has no damage characteristic, the rotating speed of the fan blade in the first time period is measured through the Hall sensor, the rotating speed is compared with a preset rotating speed, whether the electric fan is in fault or not is judged according to a comparison result, and if the rotating speed of the electric fan is in fault, the electric fan is maintained;
and the vibration analysis module 30 is connected with the rotation speed analysis module 20, if the maintenance of the rotation speed fault of the electric fan is completed, the vibration value of the fan blade in the second time period is detected through the vibration sensor, a vibration chart is drawn, the vibration chart is compared with a preset vibration chart by a maximum vibration value, a minimum vibration value and the superposition degree, whether the electric fan is faulty or not is judged according to the comparison result, if the vibration fault of the electric fan is caused, the electric fan is maintained, and the preset vibration chart is a vibration chart obtained by the electric fan without faults in the same time period.
Specifically, the electrical equipment fault detection system based on image processing provided by the embodiment of the invention can execute the electrical equipment fault detection method based on image processing, so that the same technical effects are realized, and the details are not repeated here.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will be within the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention; various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An image processing-based electrical equipment fault detection method, characterized by comprising the following steps:
Obtaining a fan blade image in an electric fan through image acquisition equipment, carrying out edge contour analysis on the fan blade image, judging whether the surface of the fan blade is damaged, if so, maintaining the electric fan, wherein the fan blade rotates around the same axis at a constant speed in the running process of the electric fan, and the fan blade at least comprises two blades;
if the surface of the fan blade has no damage characteristic, starting the electric fan, when the electric fan runs stably, calculating the geometric center position of the fan blade according to the edge profile of any fan blade, marking, fixing a magnet at the geometric center of the fan blade, generating an electric signal through a Hall sensor when the fan blade rotates to obtain the rotation rate of the fan blade in a first time period, comparing the rotation rate with a preset rotation rate, and if the rotation rate is smaller than the preset rotation rate, then the electric fan is in fault, and further repairing the electric fan;
if the maintenance of the rotating speed faults of the electric fan is completed, the magnet is taken down, the electric fan is started, when the electric fan runs stably, according to the edge profile of any fan blade, the position, which is farthest from the end, connected with the fan blade, of the edge profile of the fan blade, is marked, a vibration sensor is fixedly arranged at the farthest position, the vibration value of the fan blade in a second time period is detected through the vibration sensor, a vibration diagram is drawn, the actual maximum vibration value in the vibration diagram is compared with the standard maximum value in a preset vibration diagram, the actual minimum vibration value in the vibration diagram is compared with the standard minimum value in the preset vibration diagram, whether the electric fan breaks down is judged according to the comparison result of the vibration values, if the maximum vibration value is smaller than or equal to the standard maximum value and the minimum value is larger than or equal to the standard minimum value, the vibration diagram is subjected to coincidence degree calculation, the vibration diagram is compared with the preset coincidence degree value, whether the electric fan breaks down is judged according to the comparison result of the coincidence degree, and if the electric fan breaks down is not, the electric fan breaks down in the second vibration diagram is obtained.
2. The image processing-based electrical equipment failure detection method according to claim 1, wherein judging whether the electric fan fails according to the vibration value comparison result comprises:
extracting an actual maximum vibration value and an actual minimum vibration value in the vibration map;
comparing the actual maximum vibration value with a standard maximum value in the preset vibration diagram, comparing the actual minimum vibration value with a standard minimum value in the preset vibration diagram, and if the maximum vibration value is larger than the standard maximum value or the minimum value is smaller than the standard minimum value, vibrating the electric fan.
3. The image processing-based electrical equipment failure detection method according to claim 2, wherein calculating the degree of coincidence of the vibration map and a preset vibration map, comparing the calculated degree of coincidence with a preset degree of coincidence value, and judging whether the electric fan fails according to the result of the degree of coincidence comparison comprises:
extracting a plurality of actual amplitude values in the vibration image, calculating the average value of the plurality of actual amplitude values, obtaining a mean value amplitude value, and performing coincidence calculation on the mean value amplitude value and a standard amplitude value in the preset vibration image to obtain a first coincidence value;
Extracting a plurality of actual vibration frequencies in unit time in the vibration map, calculating the average value of the actual vibration frequencies, and performing coincidence degree calculation on the average value frequency value and the standard frequency value in the preset vibration map to obtain a second coincidence degree value;
adding the first coincidence degree value and the second coincidence degree value to obtain a third coincidence degree value;
comparing the third degree of coincidence value with the preset degree of coincidence value, if the third degree of coincidence value is smaller than or equal to the preset degree of coincidence value, the electric fan has no fault, and if the third degree of coincidence value is larger than the preset degree of coincidence value, the electric fan has fault.
4. The image processing-based electrical equipment failure detection method according to claim 3, wherein if the electric fan vibrates and fails, repairing the electric fan comprises:
image acquisition is carried out on the connection position of the fan blade and the electric fan, and a connection image is obtained;
extracting edge contours of the connecting parts in the connecting images through an edge detection algorithm;
converting the connection image into a gray image through image processing software;
and recognizing gray values among edge contour areas of the connecting parts, and if the gray values are smaller than preset gray values, loosening the connecting parts, wherein the connecting parts are tightly regulated or replaced.
5. The image processing-based electrical equipment failure detection method according to claim 4, wherein analyzing the fan blade image to determine whether damage occurs to the surface of the fan blade comprises:
obtaining a fan blade image through image acquisition equipment;
denoising the fan blade image through an image processing tool;
obtaining the edge contour of the fan blade in the fan blade image through an edge detection algorithm;
and calculating the similarity between the edge profile of the fan blade and the edge profile of the standard fan blade, wherein if the similarity result is smaller than the preset similarity, the fan blade is damaged, and if the similarity result is greater than or equal to the preset similarity, the fan blade is not damaged.
6. The image processing-based electrical equipment fault detection method as claimed in claim 5, wherein calculating the geometric center position of the fan blade and marking according to the edge profile of any of the fan blades comprises:
establishing a rectangular coordinate system with a length value as a horizontal axis and a width value as a vertical axis;
drawing the edge contour of the fan blade in the rectangular coordinate system;
marking the edge contour of the fan blade at intervals of 10cm to obtain coordinates of a plurality of marked points;
And calculating the average value of the horizontal coordinates and the vertical coordinates of a plurality of coordinates, and obtaining the average value of the coordinates, wherein the point corresponding to the average value of the coordinates is the geometric center position of the fan blade.
7. The image processing-based electrical equipment failure detection method of claim 6, wherein obtaining a rotational rate of the fan blade over a first period of time by the magnet generating an electrical signal through a hall sensor as the fan blade rotates comprises:
a magnet is fixedly arranged at the geometric center of the fan blade, the magnet is positioned on the same transverse plane, the Hall sensor is arranged at a position 20cm away from the magnet, and the Hall sensor is connected with a relay;
and starting the electric fan, rotating the fan blade and then rotating the magnet, wherein when the magnet passes through the Hall sensor, the Hall sensor receives voltage change to generate an electric signal so as to trigger the relay, and recording the number of times the relay is triggered in the first time period, wherein the number of times is the rotation rate of the fan blade in the first time period.
8. The image processing-based electrical equipment failure detection method according to claim 7, wherein further performing maintenance on the electric fan comprises:
Detecting voltage values of power supply voltage connected with the electric fan in a third time period through a voltage sensor, and obtaining a plurality of voltage values;
establishing a rectangular coordinate system with time as a horizontal axis and a voltage value as a vertical axis;
drawing a plurality of voltage values in the rectangular coordinate system in the form of points according to the measurement time and the measurement value;
connecting two adjacent points to obtain a voltage diagram;
and drawing a standard voltage range area in the voltage diagram, calculating the duty ratio of the voltage diagram in the standard voltage range area, and if the duty ratio result is smaller than a preset duty ratio, the power supply voltage is unstable and the power supply voltage is required to be replaced or a voltage stabilizer is required to be installed.
9. The image processing-based electrical equipment failure detection method according to claim 8, wherein detecting a vibration value of the fan blade in a second period of time by the vibration sensor, drawing a vibration map includes:
installing a vibration sensor on the fan blade, and detecting an initial vibration value of the fan blade before the second time period begins;
in the second time period, detecting vibration values of the fan blades in real time through the vibration sensor, and obtaining a plurality of vibration values;
Calculating the difference value between the vibration values and the initial vibration values to obtain a plurality of vibration variation values;
establishing a rectangular coordinate system with time as a horizontal axis and a vibration value as a vertical axis;
drawing a plurality of vibration variation values in the rectangular coordinate system in the form of points according to the measurement time and the numerical value;
and connecting the adjacent two points to obtain a vibration diagram.
10. A system applying the image processing-based electrical equipment failure detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising:
the fan blade analysis module is used for acquiring a fan blade image in the electric fan through the image acquisition equipment, carrying out edge contour analysis on the fan blade image, judging whether the surface of the fan blade is damaged, if so, maintaining the electric fan, and rotating the fan blade around the same axis at a constant speed in the running process of the electric fan, wherein the fan blade at least comprises two fan blades;
the rotating speed analysis module is connected with the fan blade analysis module, if the surface of the fan blade has no damage characteristic, the electric fan is started, when the electric fan runs stably, the geometric center position of the fan blade is calculated according to the edge profile of any fan blade, the geometric center position of the fan blade is marked, a magnet is fixed at the geometric center of the fan blade, the magnet generates an electric signal through a Hall sensor when the fan blade rotates to obtain the rotating speed of the fan blade in a first time period, the rotating speed is compared with a preset rotating speed, and if the rotating speed is smaller than the preset rotating speed, the electric fan is in fault, and then the electric fan is maintained;
And the vibration analysis module is connected with the rotating speed analysis module, if the maintenance of the rotating speed fault of the electric fan is completed, the magnet is taken down, the electric fan is started, when the electric fan runs stably, the edge profile of any fan blade is marked, the position, which is farthest from the connecting end of the fan blade and the electric fan, of the edge profile of the fan blade is fixedly arranged at the farthest distance, the vibration value of the fan blade in a second time period is detected through the vibration sensor, a vibration diagram is drawn, the vibration diagram is compared with a preset vibration diagram to carry out the maximum vibration value, the minimum vibration value and the superposition ratio, whether the electric fan is faulty or not is judged according to the comparison result, if the electric fan is in vibration fault, the electric fan is maintained, and the preset vibration diagram is the vibration diagram obtained by the electric fan without faults in the second time period.
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