CN117078812A - Three-dimensional animation simulation method, storage medium and equipment for rail transit train - Google Patents
Three-dimensional animation simulation method, storage medium and equipment for rail transit train Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a three-dimensional animation simulation method, a storage medium and equipment for a rail transit train, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a rail transit line vector diagram according to the point-line-plane data of the rail transit line, and measuring the geographic position and inter-station position of each subway station; transmitting the vector Map of the track traffic line into Map class of Map engine facing WebGIS end developer, setting initial coordinates and Map container, constructing digital twin Map of track traffic, and constructing running scene of track traffic train; in a track traffic train running scene, carrying out track traffic train simulation linear animation according to the real-time speed of running the track traffic train on the track, the geographic position of each subway station and the position between stations; initializing a physical world in a track traffic train operation scene; and (3) carrying out simulation calculation on the initialized world, and synchronously updating the initialized world into the rail transit train simulation linear animation. The method can accurately simulate the physical characteristics of the rail transit train in the running process.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of three-dimensional model simulation animation of rail transit, in particular to a three-dimensional animation simulation method, storage medium and equipment of a rail transit train.
Background
The current processing steps of simulating the running state of the simulated train in the digital twin map of the rail transit are divided into four steps:
step 1, creating a three-dimensional train model by using a modeling tool;
step 2, constructing a train operation scene by using a three-dimensional rendering library, and ensuring accurate mapping of a three-dimensional train model, the train operation scene and a physical world;
step 3, creating a subway track, and placing a three-dimensional train model at a track starting point and matching with the track;
step 4, manufacturing simulation animation:
a) Firstly, interpolating and calculating the position and the direction of the three-dimensional train model on a subway track by using an animation engine or a programming technology, manually updating the position and the rotation angle of the three-dimensional train model, and realizing the movement of the three-dimensional train model along the subway track;
b) Then programming and controlling time, distance and speed to simulate the movement process of the rail transit train, and displaying the real physical characteristics of the rail transit train in the running process;
c) Finally, a loop update method is adopted to control each frame update of the animation, such as a requestanimation frame () function or a timer.
The drawbacks of the above method are as follows:
1. the technology of interpolating to calculate the position and direction of the three-dimensional train model on the subway track and programming control time, distance and speed is complex, the learning threshold is high, and the popularization and application of the prior art are not facilitated;
2. the simulation animation is to manually update the position and the rotation angle of the three-dimensional train model, so that the real effect of the rail transit train affected by physical characteristics such as gravity, inertia, friction and the like in the running process cannot be accurately presented;
3. in the process of simulating animation, manually updating the position and rotation angle of the three-dimensional train model consumes computer performance and computing resources, and influences the overall working efficiency of animation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the application provides a three-dimensional animation simulation method, a storage medium and equipment for a rail transit train, which solve the problems that the physical characteristics of the rail transit train in the running process are difficult to accurately simulate, the programming process is complex and the consumption of computer resources is large in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a three-dimensional animation simulation method of a rail transit train specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, creating a subway station model, a track model and a train model based on CAD drawing and BIM data of a subway station, a track and a track traffic train;
step 2, acquiring the real-time speed of the rail transit train running on the rail through a WebSocket;
step 3, acquiring a rail transit line vector map according to the point-line-plane data of the rail transit line, and measuring the geographic position and inter-station position of each subway station under a WGS-84 coordinate system;
step 4, transmitting the vector Map of the track traffic line into Map class of Map engine facing WebGIS end developer, and setting initial coordinates and Map container to construct digital twin Map of track traffic;
step 5, constructing a track traffic train operation scene in the constructed track traffic digital twin map;
step 6, in a track traffic train running scene, carrying out track traffic train simulation linear animation according to the real-time speed of running the track traffic train on the track, the geographic position of each subway station and the position between stations;
step 7, initializing a physical world through a physical engine in the constructed track traffic train operation scene;
and 8, performing simulation calculation on the initialized world, and synchronously updating the initialized world into the rail transit train simulation linear animation.
Further, the specific process of the step 1 is as follows: based on CAD drawings and BIM data of subway stations, rails and trains, manually modeling by adopting a WGS-84 coordinate system and adopting a standard right-hand coordinate system, setting initial coordinates of a rail model and a train model to be (0, 0), and exporting the subway station model, the rail model and the train model which are subjected to modeling into a GLTF (global title function) format model.
Further, in the step 3, the specific process of obtaining the vector map of the track traffic line according to the point-line-surface data of the track traffic line is as follows: and converting the point-line-plane data of the track traffic line into Vector map slices by using a Vector map service release tool Mapmos Studio, and combining the Vector map slices to obtain the track traffic line Vector map.
Further, the specific process of step 5 is as follows: the real geographic positions of the train model, the subway station model, the track model and the subway stations are used as parameters of an instantiation train operation scene, and the parameters are input into a ModelLayer class of a map engine facing a WebGIS end developer to construct a track traffic train operation scene.
Further, the specific process of the step 7 is as follows: instantiating World class in a physical engine to generate a physical World, and setting parameters of the physical World: gravity parameters, track material objects, track materials of the track material objects, friction coefficients and rebound degrees; the physical entity of the rail transit train model, the physical entity of the subway station model and the physical entity of the rail model are created through the Body class of the physical engine and added to the physical world.
Further, the specific process of step 8 is as follows: setting a scene updating time step in the physical world, and calling an updating function Worldp.step () to calculate the motion state of the rail transit train and synchronously updating the motion state into the rail transit train simulation linear animation when the operation state of the real world rail transit train changes in each time step.
Further, the application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program enables a computer to execute the three-dimensional animation simulation method of the rail transit train.
Further, the present application also provides an electronic device, including: the system comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the three-dimensional animation simulation method of the rail transit train when executing the computer program.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the application, the track traffic digital twin map is constructed, the track traffic train running animation simulation is combined with the real geographic environment, and the real geographic attribute of the scene is enhanced;
(2) The application creates a three-dimensional space of two dimensions of a train running scene and a physical world, sets the train running and the real physical space separately, separates state calculation and scene updating, and simultaneously associates the two spaces with each other through the rail transit train running state, thereby improving the animation performance and being beneficial to reflecting the influence of the physical space environment change on the train running;
(3) The physical engine is utilized to simulate the real physical characteristics of the rail transit train operation, and physical factors such as gravity, friction and the like in reality are involved, so that the reality of the rail transit train animation simulation is greatly improved;
(4) The method for adjusting the parameters through the visual interface is provided, the operation flow is clear and visible, the programming technology is not required to be mastered, the technology learning threshold is reduced, and the three-dimensional animation simulation method of the rail transit train has higher flexibility and customization and is convenient to popularize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a three-dimensional animation simulation method of a rail transit train.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the application is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the three-dimensional animation simulation method of the rail transit train, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, creating a subway station model, a track model and a train model based on CAD drawing and BIM data of a subway station, a track and a track traffic train; specifically, based on CAD drawing and BIM data of subway stations, rails and trains, a WGS-84 coordinate system is used for carrying out manual modeling by adopting a standard right-hand coordinate system, initial coordinates of a rail model and a train model are set to be (0, 0), the modeled subway station model, the rail model and the train model are exported to be models in a GLTF format, GLTF (Graphics Library Transmission Format) is an open standard file format for transmitting and loading 3D models and scenes, is a binary file format for carrying out data serialization by using JSON, high-efficiency and strong-interactivity train simulation animation can be easily realized, and single files of the rail transit trains and the subway stations in the models in the GLTF format are not more than 10MB, and the map sizes of the subway station model, the rail model and the train model are 512×512. In the application, the standard right hand coordinate system is that the right hand is placed at the original point, so that the thumb, the index finger and the middle finger are mutually right-angled, the thumb points to the positive direction of the x axis, the index finger points to the positive direction of the y axis, and the middle finger points to the positive direction of the z axis.
And 2, acquiring the real-time speed of the rail transit train running on the rail through the WebSocket, and converting the real-time speed into a JSON format, so that the rapid, concise, readable and easy-to-analyze transmission of the rail transit train time data is facilitated.
And step 3, acquiring a track traffic line vector map according to the point-line-plane data of the track traffic line, which is used for displaying the route and the station information of the urban track traffic system to passengers, marking the name and the position of each station by using different colors and lines, and measuring the geographic position and the inter-station position of each subway station under a WGS-84 coordinate system. Specifically, a Vector map service release tool Mapmos Studio is used for converting the point-line-plane data of the track traffic line into Vector map slices Vector Tiles, and the Vector map slices Vector Tiles are combined to obtain the track traffic line Vector map.
And 4, transmitting the rail transit line vector Map into Map class of a Map engine Mapmost SDK for WebGL facing a WebGIS end developer, and giving initial coordinates [0, 0] and a Map container, wherein the Map container is a DOM element defined by an HTML language with an "id" attribute of "container", constructing a rail transit digital twin Map, restoring the real geographic environment of a scene, and increasing the reality of the scene while fusing a three-dimensional GIS technology. The map engine Mapmost SDK for WebGL facing the WebGIS end developer can load map services and data of rendering standards, can realize seamless fusion of a three-dimensional space coordinate system and a two-dimensional geographic coordinate system, is widely applied to the service fields of three-dimensional visual rendering, space-time data expression, digital twin scene construction and the like, can directly run on various Web browsers, and does not need to install plug-ins.
Step 5, constructing a track traffic train running scene in the constructed track traffic digital twin map, wherein the track traffic train running scene is used for representing the real-time running state of the track traffic train; specifically, the train model, the subway station model, the track model and the real geographic positions of all subway stations are used as parameters of an instantiation train operation scene and input into a ModelLayer class of Mapmost SDK for WebGL to construct a track traffic train operation scene.
And 6, in a track traffic train running scene, performing track traffic train simulation linear animation according to the real-time speed of running the track traffic train on the track, the geographic position of each subway station and the position between stations, and simulating the motion state of the track traffic train on the track traffic line under ideal conditions.
Step 7, initializing a physical world through a physical engine in the constructed track traffic train running scene, taking into account that the track traffic train running scene requires a large amount of computer computing power and the browser end does not support multithreading, thus the complex train motion state computing process is required to be placed in the physical world, and then synchronizing the computing result to the track traffic train running scene; specifically, the World class in the physical engine is instantiated to generate the physical World, the physical engine can be selected from cannon.js, the cannon.js is an open source JavaScript engine for creating three-dimensional physical simulation, a set of powerful tools and algorithms are provided, a simple and efficient mode is provided for simulating various physical phenomena in the real World, such as functions of rigid motion, collision detection, force, constraint and the like, good performance can still be obtained under complex scenes such as rail transit, and in addition, the built-in right-hand coordinate system and three-dimensional vector of the physical engine can be well fused with WebGL. Setting parameters of a physical world: the gravity parameters are used for simulating the gravity acceleration suffered by the object, the gravity parameters change the moving speed and direction of the object, and the physical world gravity is generally set to 9.82 along the negative direction of the Y axis in a space coordinate system; the track material of the track material object is set to be of a steel type of steel in cannon. Js, so that the track in the animation is consistent with the material of the real track, and the track material is used for simulating the rigidity of the real track; the friction coefficient is set to be 0.3, and the friction coefficient is used for simulating the actual friction force when the wheel is in contact with the steel rail; the rebound degree is set to be 0.1, and the rebound degree is used for simulating the actual elasticity when the wheels are contacted with the steel track; the physical entity of the rail transit train model, the physical entity of the subway station model and the physical entity of the rail model are created through the Body class of the physical engine and added to the physical world, wherein parameters of the physical entity comprise weight mass=1.6, position= (0, 0), material=default, shape=connon and Box (1, 1). The physical entities in the physical world are in one-to-one correspondence with the models in the track traffic train operation scene, and because the physical world is invisible, the physical entities are virtual three-dimensional space, the physical entities are used for calculating the motion state of each physical entity, and then the calculation result is synchronized to the models in the track traffic train operation scene, so that the simulation process of the physical engine animation is completed.
Step 8, performing simulation calculation on the initialized world, synchronously updating the initialized world into a rail transit train simulation linear animation, supplementing the physical simulation calculation capability of a Mapmost SDK for WebGL map engine, decoupling the calculation process of the train running state from the visualization process, realizing function modularization, and facilitating hot plug; specifically, setting a scene updating time step in the physical world, and when the running state of the real world rail transit train changes in each time step, calling an updating function Worldp.step () to calculate the running state of the rail transit train, wherein the running state comprises the position and the rotation angle of a physical entity in the physical world, synchronously updating the physical entity into the rail transit train simulation linear animation, and in order to ensure the stability and the smoothness of the simulation animation, using a fixed time step, generally 1/60 seconds, namely refreshing the animation for 60 times for 1 second, wherein the updating function Worldp.step () needs to be called in a callback function rendered in each frame of the running scene of the rail transit train to perform physical simulation calculation of the rail transit train, updating the latest state of the train, and further rendering the running scene of the running rail transit train.
The three-dimensional animation simulation method of the rail transit train loads vivid rail and three-dimensional models of the train through the physical engine, produces the running animation of the rail transit train with real physical characteristics, and provides a fine subway rail control and rail transit train parameter adjustment method so as to simulate the running process of the rail transit train in different scenes, thereby greatly improving the authenticity of the animation simulation of the rail transit train and improving the working efficiency.
In one aspect of the present application, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for causing a computer to execute the three-dimensional animation simulation method of a rail transit train.
In another aspect of the present application, there is also provided an electronic device, including: the system comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the three-dimensional animation simulation method of the rail transit train when executing the computer program.
In the disclosed embodiments, a computer storage medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer storage medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a computer storage medium would include one or more wire-based electrical connections, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present application belong to the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the application without departing from the principles thereof are intended to be within the scope of the application as set forth in the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. The three-dimensional animation simulation method for the rail transit train is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, creating a subway station model, a track model and a train model based on CAD drawing and BIM data of a subway station, a track and a track traffic train;
step 2, acquiring the real-time speed of the rail transit train running on the rail through a WebSocket;
step 3, acquiring a rail transit line vector map according to the point-line-plane data of the rail transit line, and measuring the geographic position and inter-station position of each subway station under a WGS-84 coordinate system;
step 4, transmitting the vector Map of the track traffic line into Map class of Map engine facing WebGIS end developer, and setting initial coordinates and Map container to construct digital twin Map of track traffic;
step 5, constructing a track traffic train operation scene in the constructed track traffic digital twin map;
step 6, in a track traffic train running scene, carrying out track traffic train simulation linear animation according to the real-time speed of running the track traffic train on the track, the geographic position of each subway station and the position between stations;
step 7, initializing a physical world through a physical engine in the constructed track traffic train operation scene;
and 8, performing simulation calculation on the initialized world, and synchronously updating the initialized world into the rail transit train simulation linear animation.
2. The three-dimensional animation simulation method of the rail transit train according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 1 is as follows: based on CAD drawings and BIM data of subway stations, rails and trains, manually modeling by adopting a WGS-84 coordinate system and adopting a standard right-hand coordinate system, setting initial coordinates of a rail model and a train model to be (0, 0), and exporting the subway station model, the rail model and the train model which are subjected to modeling into a GLTF (global title function) format model.
3. The three-dimensional animation simulation method of a rail transit train according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of obtaining the vector map of the rail transit line according to the dot-line-plane data of the rail transit line in the step 3 is as follows: and converting the point-line-plane data of the track traffic line into Vector map slices by using a Vector map service release tool Mapmos Studio, and combining the Vector map slices to obtain the track traffic line Vector map.
4. The three-dimensional animation simulation method of the rail transit train according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 5 is as follows: the real geographic positions of the train model, the subway station model, the track model and the subway stations are used as parameters of an instantiation train operation scene, and the parameters are input into a ModelLayer class of a map engine facing a WebGIS end developer to construct a track traffic train operation scene.
5. The three-dimensional animation simulation method of the rail transit train according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 7 is as follows: instantiating World class in a physical engine to generate a physical World, and setting parameters of the physical World: gravity parameters, track material objects, track materials of the track material objects, friction coefficients and rebound degrees; the physical entity of the rail transit train model, the physical entity of the subway station model and the physical entity of the rail model are created through the Body class of the physical engine and added to the physical world.
6. The three-dimensional animation simulation method of the rail transit train according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 8 is as follows: setting a scene updating time step in the physical world, and calling an updating function Worldp.step () to calculate the motion state of the rail transit train and synchronously updating the motion state into the rail transit train simulation linear animation when the operation state of the real world rail transit train changes in each time step.
7. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the three-dimensional animation simulation method of a rail transit train according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. An electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the rail transit train three-dimensional animation simulation method according to any of claims 1-6 when the computer program is executed.
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