CN117066530B - Technological method for 3D printing low-angle forming - Google Patents
Technological method for 3D printing low-angle forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN117066530B CN117066530B CN202310808928.1A CN202310808928A CN117066530B CN 117066530 B CN117066530 B CN 117066530B CN 202310808928 A CN202310808928 A CN 202310808928A CN 117066530 B CN117066530 B CN 117066530B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001274216 Naso Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/40—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
- B23H3/08—Working media
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
Abstract
The invention provides a process method for 3D printing low-angle molding, which comprises the following specific steps: manufacturing a corresponding solid support, and if the target part needs an external support, placing the solid support right below the target part; if the target part requires internal support, a physical support is directly generated inside the target part. Slicing the model of the target part. And respectively filling data into the solid support and the target part according to the printing power. And (3) leading the printing material into equipment for printing, and setting one side of the solid support, which is close to the substrate, as a printing initial position. Taking the printed part out of the equipment, and manually removing the printed part if the physical support and the target part are externally connected; if the physical support and the target part are connected internally, the target part with the physical support inside is taken down, and the target part is cleaned and dried by an electrochemical method. The invention can increase the heat conduction performance of the parts in printing, avoid overheat deformation in the process of printing the parts and improve the machining precision of the parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing technology, in particular to a technology method for forming a 3D printing low angle (the included angle between a horizontal plane and the lower surface of a part to be printed is between 0 and 30 degrees).
Background
Additive manufacturing technology (3D printing technology) lays metal powder layer by layer on a substrate, then sinters the metal powder layer by layer, and solidifies and forms the metal powder, which almost relates to any field, so that the 3D printing technology receives more attention, and the technical requirements of the 3D printing technology are increased. For 3D printed parts, we need to resort to support in most cases. Therefore, the support plays a crucial role in the part forming process: preventing the deformation of the parts and assisting the molding of the parts.
In the existing 3D printing technology, the added supports are mainly block supports and solid supports, and under the general condition, the two supports are required to be combined for use, so that the supporting effect is firmer, and the deformation preventing capability is stronger. The characteristics of cubic support are inside fretwork, and the entity support is then the cylinder that has certain diameter, and both are the incomplete contact with the part, and area of contact is less promptly, leads to using certain material when printing the part, and the conduction of heat is relatively poor, can not in time dispel, causes part local heat to concentrate, forms "the altitude", and this printing is the plane, but the circumstances that appears local higher.
The support is formed as the target part is printed, but the support is not part of the part and the support on the part needs to be removed after printing is completed. However, if the support is inside the part, there is no way to insert the tool into the flow path for operation even if the support is manually removed. The existing method for removing the support in the 3D printing field mainly comprises two methods, namely manual support removing and manual tool operation removing of redundant support on a processed part; another is machining, whereby the excess support is removed by various machining equipment.
The process method of the invention has better heat conduction performance under the supporting effect. Compared with the traditional supporting mode, the metal powder material is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the contact between a larger area and the part is reduced, the better heat conductivity is achieved, and the rejection rate of the part is reduced. Simultaneously, the support is removed by an electrochemical method, the printed part is placed in a chemical solvent, the part is electrified, and the two sides are separated by one-time discharge at the joint of the part and the support, so that the purpose of removing the support is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a process method for 3D printing low-angle forming, according to the appearance structure and material properties of a target part to be printed, a solid support is placed under a position which is 0.3 mm-1 mm away from the overhang part of the target part through three-dimensional software, and the solid support ensures that the overhang part of the target part does not have the defect of sagging deformation, so that the process method has good heat conduction effect; and removing in different modes according to the connection position relation between the physical support and the target part, and if the physical support and the target part are connected internally, the target part with the physical support inside is required to be removed by wire cutting, and the internal support is removed by an electrochemical method.
The invention provides a process method for 3D printing low-angle molding, which comprises the following specific implementation steps:
s1, manufacturing a corresponding entity support according to the appearance structure and the material property of a target part to be printed:
determining the placement position of the physical support on the target part: if the target part needs external support, placing the solid support under the overhang part of the target part through three-dimensional software, wherein a gap of 0.3 mm-1 mm is formed between the solid support and the target part; if the target part needs internal support, directly generating an entity support inside the target part through three-dimensional software;
s2, slicing the model of the target part with the solid support;
s3, respectively filling data of the entity support and the target part with the model processed in the S2 according to printing power;
s4, importing the model processed in the S3 into equipment for printing, and setting one side of the solid support, which is close to the substrate, as a printing initial position, so that the solid support is ensured to be processed before the printing suspended part of the target part;
s5, taking out the part printed in the S4 from the equipment, and cleaning excessive metal powder at the same time, and if the physical support and the target part are externally connected, manually removing the part; if the internal connection exists between the solid support and the target part, the target part with the solid support in the internal part is firstly taken down by utilizing linear cutting, and the internal support is removed by utilizing an electrochemical method;
the electrochemical method for removing the internal support comprises the following specific implementation steps:
connecting a target part with a solid support inside with an anode in the electrolysis equipment, wherein the anode is made of a certain conductive metal material;
placing the prepared electrolyte into an electrolytic tank, sealing, introducing argon, and discharging air in the electrolyte;
and starting a power supply of the electrolysis equipment, continuously introducing argon at a speed of 1-2L/min in the discharging process, simultaneously monitoring the pH value change of the electrolyte in real time, and removing the solid support inside the target part by discharging for 24-30 hours.
Preferably, the printing power of the physical support setting is 10% of the printing power of the target part setting.
Preferably, the voltage in the electrolytic cell is maintained at 2.5-5V, the current density in the electrolytic cell is 0.5-2A/square meter, and the temperature in the electrolytic cell is maintained at 25-30 ℃.
Preferably, the pH of the electrolyte is between 3 and 7.
Preferably, in step S1, the void is filled with metal powder, and the solid support and the target part are not in direct contact.
Preferably, the electrolyte comprises a composition comprising NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O、FeCl 3 KBr, ascorbic acid, naSO 3 Glycerol, sodium citrate and ammonium chloride.
Preferably, the NiSO 4 ·6H 2 The mass percentage concentration of O is 3-10%, and the FeCl 3 The concentration of KBr is 0.3-3% by mass, the concentration of KBr is 0.5-2.5% by mass, the concentration of ascorbic acid is 0.5-2.5% by mass, and the concentration of NaSO is 0.5-2.5% by mass 3 The concentration of the sodium citrate is 0.2-0.5g/L, the mass percentage concentration of the glycerol is 0.5-1.3%, the mass percentage concentration of the sodium citrate is 3-5%, and the concentration of the aqueous solution of the ammonium chloride is 60-140g/L.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention can reduce the number of supports on the parts to be printed, and can also reduce the use cost of the powder and the printing time of the equipment; meanwhile, the heat conduction performance of the part can be improved in printing, overheat deformation in the part printing process is avoided, and the part machining precision is improved.
2. The solid support and the part generated by the invention are in non-contact, a certain gap exists between the solid support and the part, and the interval distance is 0.3 mm-1 mm, so that the design of redundant allowance is not needed, the processing performance requirement caused by the contact mode of the traditional support is not needed to be considered, the use amount of metal powder can be saved, the cost is reduced, the processing time of the allowance can be saved, and the production period is shortened; the support is more time-saving and labor-saving when removed, and the influence on the dimensional accuracy of the machined part is not considered when the support is removed.
3. When the part with the inner runner is designed, the machining difficulty is not needed to be considered excessively, meanwhile, the inner supporting structure with the inner runner which cannot be removed by manual or mechanical machining can be removed, the problems of part damage or deformation and the like caused by manual support removal can be avoided, and the part is prevented from being scrapped.
4. The invention can reduce the difficulty of support removal, the grid support is a common traditional support structure, the printing parameters used by the support are inconsistent with the part body, and the joint of the printing parameters and the part is in a zigzag shape, thereby being beneficial to the electrolysis process, reducing the joint strength of the support and the solid part and being easy to remove.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for 3D printing low angle molding according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a target part with external physical support in the process of the invention for 3D printing low angle molding;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a target part with internal physical support in the process of 3D printing low angle molding of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical content, the achieved objects and the effects of the present invention more detailed, the following description is taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The process method for 3D printing low-angle molding is shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following specific implementation steps:
s1, manufacturing a corresponding entity support 2 according to the appearance structure and the material property of a target part 1 to be printed:
determining the placement position of the solid support 2 on the target part 1: if the target part 1 needs external support, as shown in fig. 2, the solid support 2 is placed under the overhang part of the target part 1 through three-dimensional software, a gap of 0.3 mm-1 mm is formed between the solid support 2 and the target part 1, and further, metal powder is fully filled in the gap, if the metal powder is pure, the heat conducting performance of the metal powder cannot meet the processing requirement, but the processed solid support 2 can meet the requirement, so that the solid support 2 and the target part 1 are not in direct contact, but the comprehensive heat conducting performance of the metal powder is stronger than that of the metal powder alone, and the actual processing heat conducting requirement can be met; if the target part 1 requires internal support, as shown in fig. 3, the physical support 2 is generated directly inside the target part 1 by three-dimensional software.
S2, slicing the model of the target part 1 with the solid support 2, wherein the slicing is used for dividing the target part 1 into a plurality of layers and then processing the layers.
And S3, respectively filling data into the solid support 2 and the target part 1 according to the printing power by using the model processed in the step S2. Specifically, since the physical support 2 and the target part 1 are parts, but the requirements for printing quality are different, data filling is required, and the main difference of filling data is the printing power, the printing power set by the physical support 2 is about 10% of the printing power of the target part 1. Because the target part 1 is to be applied to a specific occasion, the required printing quality is higher, and the main function of the solid support 2 is to support and conduct heat, and the solid support is not the target part 1 which needs delivery, and has no requirement on the printing quality, so long as no fracture occurs in the printing process. Due to the small gap between the physical support 2 and the target part 1, a slight connection may occur during actual printing, but it does not affect the print quality of the target part 1.
S4, the model processed in the S3 is guided into equipment for printing, and one side, close to the substrate, of the entity support 2 is set to be a printing initial position, so that the entity support 2 is guaranteed to be processed before the suspended part of the target part 1 is printed. Specifically, during the printing process, the solid support 2 and the target part 1 are processed simultaneously, but the solid support 2 is processed before the printing of the suspended part of the target part 1, because the supporting function of the solid support 2 is to ensure that the suspended part of the target part 1 cannot sag and deform, thereby playing a role in conducting heat to the target part 1 during the printing process, avoiding the edge of the target part 1 and the nearby area from warping, and finally, the defects will lead to the rejection of the target part 1.
And S5, taking the part printed in the step S4 out of the equipment, and cleaning away redundant metal powder. If there is an external connection between the solid support 2 and the target part 1, if the solid support 2 and the target part 1 are not completely connected, the solid support 2 will drop along with the metal powder when cleaning the excessive metal powder; if the solid support 2 and the target part 1 are completely connected, the target part 1 is not damaged due to low strength of the connection part by manual removal. If there is an internal connection between the solid support 2 and the target part 1, the target part 1 with the solid support 2 inside is first removed by wire cutting and the internal support is removed by electrochemical means.
The electrochemical method for removing the internal support comprises the following specific implementation steps:
the target part 1 with the solid support 2 inside is connected with the positive electrode in the electrolysis equipment, and the negative electrode is made of a conductive metal material. In one embodiment of the invention, the electrolysis device comprises a cooling tank and an electrolysis tank.
Placing the prepared electrolyte into an electrolytic tank, sealing, introducing argon, and discharging air in the electrolyte; specifically, the voltage in the electrolytic bath is maintained at 2.5-5V, the current density in the electrolytic bath is 0.5-2A/square meter, and the temperature in the electrolytic bath is maintained at 25-30 ℃. The pH value of the electrolyte is between 3 and 7.
And starting a power supply of the electrolysis equipment, continuously introducing argon at a speed of 1-2L/min in the discharging process, simultaneously monitoring the pH value change of the electrolyte in real time, and removing the solid support 2 inside the target part 1 by discharging for 24-30 hours.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the electrolyte comprises a composition comprising NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O、FeCl 3 KBr, ascorbic acid, naSO 3 Glycerol, sodium citrate and ammonium chloride. NiSO 4 ·6H 2 The mass percentage concentration of O is 3-10%, feCl 3 The mass percentage concentration of (2) is 0.3-3%, the mass percentage concentration of KBr is 0.5-2.5%, the mass percentage concentration of ascorbic acid is 0.5-2.5%, and the mass percentage concentration of NaSO 3 The concentration of the sodium citrate is 0.2-0.5g/L, the mass percentage concentration of the glycerol is 0.5-1.3%, the mass percentage concentration of the sodium citrate is 3-5%, and the concentration of the aqueous solution of the ammonium chloride is 60-140g/L.
The following describes a process for 3D printing low angle molding in accordance with embodiments of the present invention:
in a specific embodiment of the present invention, a target part with external physical support and a target part with internal physical support are fabricated separately for the form structure and material properties of the target part to be printed.
The fabrication of the target part with external physical support is achieved by:
s1, as shown in FIG. 2, placing the solid support under the target part through three-position software, setting the gaps between the solid support and the target part to be 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm and 1mm respectively, filling metal powder in the gaps at the same time, enabling the solid support and the target part to be in non-direct contact, and judging the qualification rate of the target part by comparing the torque and the thermal conductivity of the target part with external solid supports in different gaps.
S2, slicing the model of the target part with the external physical support, wherein the slicing is used for dividing the target part into a plurality of layers and then processing the layers.
And S3, respectively filling data into the external entity support and the target part according to the printing power by the model processed in the step S2. In one embodiment of the invention, the printing power of the solid part setting is 10% of the printing power of the target part setting.
And S4, importing the model processed in the step S3 into equipment for printing, and setting one side of the external physical support, which is close to the substrate, as a printing initial position, so as to ensure that the external physical support is processed before the printing suspended part of the target part.
S5, taking out the part printed in the S4 from the equipment, and cleaning excessive metal powder, wherein if the external physical support is not completely connected with the target part, the external physical support falls along with the metal powder when the excessive metal powder is cleaned; if the external entity support is completely connected with the target part, the target part is not damaged due to low strength of the connecting part by manual removal.
The comparison relation among the gap, torque and thermal conductivity fingertips obtained by the manufacturing method is shown in table 1, and as can be seen from table 1, when the gap between the external solid support and the target part is 0.3mm, the thermal conductivity is better, and meanwhile, the supporting effect of the external solid support is proved, so that the defect that the suspended part of the target part cannot sag and deform is avoided, the edge of the target part and the adjacent area thereof are prevented from warping, and the rejection rate of the target part is reduced.
TABLE 1 comparative reference tables of void-torque-thermal conductivity
The fabrication of the target part with internal physical support is accomplished by:
s1, as shown in FIG. 3, the target part with the internal solid support is a certain representative inner runner part, and the solid support is directly generated inside the target part through three-dimensional software, mainly based on the support inside the inner runner.
S2, slicing the model of the target part with the internal solid support, wherein the slicing is used for dividing the target part into a plurality of layers and then processing the layers.
And S3, respectively filling data into the internal solid support and the target part according to the printing power by the model processed in the step S2. In one embodiment of the invention, the printing power of the internal physical support setting is 10% of the printing power of the target part setting.
S4, the model processed in the S3 is guided into laser selective fusion forming equipment (SLM equipment) for printing, and one side, close to the substrate, of the internal physical support is set to be a printing initial position, so that the internal physical support is guaranteed to be processed before a suspended part of a target part is printed.
S5, taking out the part printed in the S4 from the equipment, wherein the internal physical support does not belong to a part of the target part, and in the printing process, the printing quality requirement of the internal physical support is inconsistent with that of the target part, namely, the printing energy of the internal physical support is lower, the forming quality is poorer, the connection between the internal physical support and the part is incomplete, the later removal is convenient, and the target part with the internal physical support is firstly removed from the substrate by utilizing wire cutting, and the internal physical support is removed by utilizing an electrochemical method.
Discharge stimulation preparation: the target part with the internal solid support is connected with the positive electrode in the electrolysis equipment, and the negative electrode is made of a certain conductive metal material.
Placing the prepared electrolyte into an electrolytic tank, sealing, introducing argon, and discharging air in the electrolyte; wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components: niSO4.6H2O with the mass percentage concentration of 3-10%, feCl3 with the mass percentage concentration of 0.3-3%, KBr with the mass percentage concentration of 0.5-2.5%, ascorbic acid with the mass percentage concentration of 0.5-2.5%, naSO3 with the mass percentage concentration of 0.2-0.5g/L, glycerol with the mass percentage concentration of 0.5-1.3%, sodium citrate with the mass percentage concentration of 3-5% and an aqueous solution of 60-140g/L ammonium chloride.
In the discharging process, argon is required to be continuously introduced to play a role in protecting gas, wherein the introducing speed of the argon is required to be kept between 1 and 2L/min.
The voltage in the electrolytic tank is kept at 2.5-5V, the current density is 0.5-2A/square meter, and the temperature is kept at 25-30 ℃.
Removing the internal physical support: after the basic work is ready, the power supply is turned on, and the discharge is started. In the discharging process, the pH value change of the electrolyte needs to be monitored in real time so as to be adjusted in time, and the pH value needs to be maintained between 3 and 7. Because the contact area of the actual contact point of the internal physical support and the target part is smaller, the printing quality of the internal physical support is poor, and the joint of the internal physical support and the target part is continuously damaged under the primary discharge stimulation of the electrolysis equipment, one side with poor quality, namely the internal physical support, is continuously damaged by the stimulation of current, and finally breaks, the internal physical support is ensured to be separated from the target part, and the purpose of removing the internal physical support is achieved. This process typically lasts 24-30 hours.
In order to verify that different proportions of the electrolyte and different electrolysis parameters are used for comparing the cleaning efficiency of the target part with the internal solid support, the comparison result is shown in table 2, and as the electrolyte components are closer to the perfect proportion, the electrolysis parameters are more consistent with the reasonable parameters of the test, the better the support removal effect is, the shorter the required consumption time is, and the working efficiency can be better improved.
TABLE 2 comparison of electrolyte ratios and electrolyte parameters
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The process method for 3D printing low-angle forming is characterized by comprising the following specific implementation steps:
s1, manufacturing a corresponding entity support according to the appearance structure and the material property of a target part to be printed:
determining the placement positions of the physical support and the target part: if the target part needs external support, placing the solid support under the overhang part of the target part through three-dimensional software, wherein a gap of 0.3-1 mm is formed between the solid support and the target part; if the target part needs internal support, directly generating an entity support inside the target part through three-dimensional software;
s2, slicing the model of the target part with the solid support;
s3, respectively filling data of the entity support and the target part with the model processed in the S2 according to printing power; the printing power set by the physical support is 10% of the printing power set by the target part;
s4, importing the model processed in the S3 into equipment for printing, and setting one side of the solid support, which is close to the substrate, as a printing initial position, so that the solid support is ensured to be processed before the printing suspended part of the target part; specifically, in the printing process, the solid support and the target part are processed simultaneously, but the solid support is processed before the suspended part of the target part is printed, and because of the supporting effect of the solid support, the suspended part of the target part is ensured not to have the defect of sagging and deformation, thereby playing a role in heat conduction on the target part in the printing process and avoiding the edge of the target part and the nearby area of the target part from warping;
s5, taking out the part printed in the S4 from the equipment, and cleaning excessive metal powder at the same time, and if the physical support and the target part are externally connected, manually removing the part; if the internal connection exists between the solid support and the target part, the target part with the solid support in the internal part is firstly taken down by utilizing linear cutting, and the internal support is removed by utilizing an electrochemical method;
the electrochemical method for removing the internal support comprises the following specific implementation steps:
connecting a target part with a solid support inside with an anode in the electrolysis equipment, wherein the anode is made of a certain conductive metal material;
placing the prepared electrolyte into an electrolytic tank, sealing, introducing argon, and simultaneously adding the electrolyteAir is discharged; the electrolyte composition, which includes NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O、FeCl 3 KBr, ascorbic acid, naSO 3 The aqueous solution of glycerol, sodium citrate and ammonium chloride is specifically: niSO 4 ·6H 2 The mass percentage concentration of O is 3-10%, feCl 3 The mass percentage concentration of (2) is 0.3-3%, the mass percentage concentration of KBr is 0.5-2.5%, the mass percentage concentration of ascorbic acid is 0.5-2.5%, and the mass percentage concentration of NaSO 3 The concentration of the sodium citrate is 0.2-0.5g/L, the mass percentage concentration of the glycerol is 0.5-1.3%, the mass percentage concentration of the sodium citrate is 3-5%, and the concentration of the aqueous solution of the ammonium chloride is 60-140g/L;
and starting a power supply of the electrolysis equipment, continuously introducing argon at a speed of 1-2L/min in the discharging process, simultaneously monitoring the pH value change of the electrolyte in real time, and removing the solid support inside the target part by discharging for 24-30 hours.
2. The process for 3D printing low angle forming according to claim 1, wherein the voltage in the electrolytic cell is maintained at 2.5-5V, the current density in the electrolytic cell is 0.5-2A/-square meter, and the temperature in the electrolytic cell is maintained at 25-30 ℃.
3. The process for 3D printing low angle forming according to claim 1, wherein the pH of the electrolyte is between 3 and 7.
4. The process for 3D printing low angle molding according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the void is filled with metal powder, and the solid support and the target part are not in direct contact.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108162406A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-15 | 广州形优科技有限公司 | Support removal device and method and model printer |
| CN108723368A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-02 | 中北大学 | A kind of method that SLM formings 316L components eliminate support construction |
| CN112496343A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-16 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Forming method for selective laser melting forming technology |
| CN112793164A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-14 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Additive manufacturing support structure and design method |
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| EP3484642B1 (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2021-04-21 | Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of Arizona State University | Dissolving metal supports in 3d printed metals and ceramics using sensitization |
| US20210197262A1 (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-01 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for additive manufacturing support removal and surface finish enhancement |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108162406A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-15 | 广州形优科技有限公司 | Support removal device and method and model printer |
| CN108723368A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-02 | 中北大学 | A kind of method that SLM formings 316L components eliminate support construction |
| CN112496343A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-16 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Forming method for selective laser melting forming technology |
| CN112793164A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-14 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Additive manufacturing support structure and design method |
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