CN117066529A - Laser net near forming TiB 2 Ti-based functionally graded material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Laser net near forming TiB 2 Ti-based functionally graded material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117066529A
CN117066529A CN202310978983.5A CN202310978983A CN117066529A CN 117066529 A CN117066529 A CN 117066529A CN 202310978983 A CN202310978983 A CN 202310978983A CN 117066529 A CN117066529 A CN 117066529A
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powder
tib
laser
functionally graded
composite
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Inventor
李凤仙
陈一杰
刘意春
方东
易健宏
李才巨
冯中学
鲍瑞
陶静梅
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/12—Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/23—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces involving a self-propagating high-temperature synthesis or reaction sintering step
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0073—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only borides

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser net near-shaping TiB 2 Ti-based functionally graded material and preparation method thereof, belonging to the field ofIn the technical field of composite material preparation. The TiB is 2 The Ti-based functionally graded material method comprises the following steps: establishment of TiB 2 Three-dimensional data model of Ti-based functionally graded material; ti-6Al-4V powder and TiB with different mass percentages 2 Placing ceramic powder into a powder mixer of laser near-net forming equipment, and delivering the ceramic powder through a powder distributor and a ring laser coaxial powder delivery nozzle, or feeding Ti-6Al-4V powder and TiB powder 2 The ceramic powder is respectively arranged in powder feeders of laser near-net forming equipment, and the powder feeders synchronously deliver Ti-6Al-4V titanium powder and TiB according to proportion 2 The ceramic powder is fed into the powder mixer, the mixed powder is fed out through the annular laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle, the finished product material has gradient property from high strength and low plastic to low plastic and high strength, is more resistant to heavy load impact, and prolongs the service life.

Description

Laser net near forming TiB 2 Ti-based functionally graded material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser net near-shaping TiB 2 A Ti-based functionally graded material and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of composite material preparation.
Background
The traditional smelting, chemical vapor deposition, ion spraying and other methods have long preparation period, the thickness of the material is limited, the powder metallurgy method can not realize continuous transition of material components, and the problems of uneven reinforced phase distribution in the composite material caused by component segregation exist, so that the production and the application of the composite material are limited.
The laser additive manufacturing technology can realize the compounding of ceramic part materials to improve the damage tolerance, realize the combination of the multi-scale structure and multi-material printing of the ceramic part to widen the functional application range of the ceramic part, realize the flexible allocation of the ceramic part tissue structure, has a short production period, can be used for processing workpieces with complex shapes without a die, has the characteristics of customization, light weight and rapidness, provides a new way for forming composite materials, but has the interface stress problem caused by the interface combination of different materials of the composite materials and the abrupt change of performance parameters, is easy to cause the interface damage to fail, and causes the defects of uneven melting, spheroidization, cracking, low plasticity of formed parts and the like.
The existing additive manufacturing composite material technology mainly adopts selective laser melting, but the size of a formed workpiece prepared by the method is limited by equipment, the problem of the volumetric effect of single-time exponential increase of the raw material consumption caused by the increase of the workpiece size can greatly increase the powder cost, the laser near-net forming technology has larger laser power and high forming efficiency, the forming size is not limited due to the technical characteristics of coaxial powder feeding, the contradiction processing between the surface quality of the workpiece melted by the selective laser and the forming efficiency is relieved, and the processing cost is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of composite material preparation in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a TiB with high impact resistance for laser net near-shaping 2 The Ti-based functionally graded material is divided into a high-strength area, a transition area and a high-plasticity area from outside to inside in sequence; the height ratio of the three working areas of the high strength area, the transition area and the high plasticity area is 1:2:1; high strength zone of 30wt.% TiB 2 Ti-6Al-4V composite material; the transition zone is 22.5wt.% TiB 2 Ti-6Al-4V composite and 15wt.% TiB 2 The height ratio of the Ti-6Al-4V composite material to the composite material is 1:1; high plasticity zone 7.5wt.% TiB 2 Ti-6Al-4V composite material.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the laser net near-shaping TiB with high impact resistance 2 Preparation method of Ti-based functionally graded material, wherein the laser net-shape TiB with high impact resistance 2 The preparation method of the Ti-based functionally graded material comprises the following steps: the material forming process is to protect the argon environment, avoid the oxidation of printing powder to react, strictly control the laser speed and the scanning speed according to the process requirement to print the selected area, complete the printing of one selected area and then the next selected area, thus four are performedPrinting the whole selected area of the impact-resistant functionally gradient material is finished by printing the selected area; the specific preparation method comprises two steps:
the first preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) TiB with high shock resistance established by modeling software 2 And (3) slicing and layering the three-dimensional data model, planning a laser scanning path, and configuring different metal powder contents in different areas.
(2) Ti-6Al-4V titanium powder and TiB 2 Placing the ceramic powder into a planetary ball mill for mechanical ball milling in proportion to obtain different uniformly mixed xTiB 2 Composite powder of Ti-6Al-4V, where x is 7.5wt.%, 15wt.%, 22.5wt.%, 30wt.%.
(3) 7.5wt.% TiB mixed uniformly after mechanical ball milling 2 And (3) placing the composite powder of/Ti-6 Al-4V into a first powder spraying box, and selecting a corresponding selected area to print in a gradient material plastic area.
(4) Evenly mixing 15wt.% TiB after mechanical ball milling 2 And (3) placing the composite powder of/Ti-6 Al-4V into a first powder spraying box, and selecting a corresponding selected area to print a gradient material transition area.
(5) 22.5wt.% TiB mixed uniformly after mechanical ball milling 2 Placing the composite powder of/Ti-6 Al-4V into a first powder spraying box, selecting a corresponding selected area to perform gradient material mechanical ball milling, and then mixing uniformly and printing in a transition area.
(6) 30wt.% TiB mixed uniformly after mechanical ball milling 2 Placing the Ti-6Al-4V composite powder into a first powder spraying box, and selecting a corresponding selected area to print a gradient material strength area, wherein x is 30 wt%.
The second preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Ti-6Al-4V titanium powder and TiB 2 Ceramic powder is respectively arranged in a powder distributor of the laser near-net forming equipment.
(2) The powder divider synchronously conveys Ti-6Al-4V titanium powder and TiB according to proportion 2 Uniformly mixing the ceramic powder in a powder mixer to obtain xTiB 2 Ti-6Al-4V mixed powder, wherein x is 7.5wt.%, 15wt.%, 22.5wt.%, 30wt.%.
(3) The powder is sent out through a ring laser coaxial powder-feeding spray head by a powder mixer, meanwhile, laser near-net forming equipment scans mixed powder according to a laser scanning path, and the mixed powder forms TiB through rapid melting and rapid solidification processes 2 The component proportion of the Ti composite material is gradually changed to prepare TiB 2 Ti-based functionally graded materials.
Preferably, the purity of the Ti-6Al-4V is more than or equal to 99.9%, tiB 2 The purity of the powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent.
Preferably, the grain size of the Ti-6Al-4V powder is 50-200 mu m, tiB 2 The particle size of the powder is 20-100 mu m.
Preferably, in the second method, the specific parameters of the transmission laser scanning path of the laser near-net shaping device are: the powder feeding amount is continuously adjustable, the range is 10-24 g/min, and the powder granularity is 50-200 mu m; the output power of the laser is 50-4000W; the diameter of the light spot is phi 1.6mm; the focal length of the focusing lens is 0-25 mm, the protective atmosphere is argon, and the atmosphere flow is 16-20L/h.
Preferably, the invention can also use a high-speed camera imaging technology to characterize the composition and structure of gradient materials gradually changing in the whole volume, and can accurately detect TiB 2 The molding process and effect of Ti-based materials.
Preferably, in the second method, the powder mixer is a carrier gas type powder mixer.
The invention relates to a laser near net forming principle: the method adopts a laser near-net forming technology to prepare and form a functional gradient material, utilizes the infinite accumulation and rapid melting solidification process of a micro laser molten pool in a three-dimensional space to enable mixed powder to react in situ under the action of laser beams, and thus prepares TiB with a gradient structure and high shock resistance 2 Ti-based functionally graded materials; laser net near shaping TiB 2 The Ti-based functionally graded material can reduce and overcome the unmatched factors of interlayer and interface properties of the material combining part, relieve the contradiction that the strength and toughness of the material can not be compatible, realize the integration of structural functions, lead the integral structure of the material to present new design functions of high specific strength, high specific rigidity, high temperature resistance and the like, prepare the material with greatly continuous change in performance, and simultaneously have both toughness and strengthStructural material with good impact resistance and TiB reduction 2 Plastic deformation and cracking tendency of Ti-based composites under service conditions.
The reaction formula involved in the invention comprises:
Ti+TiB 2 →2TiB
the Ti-6Al-4V powder only contains Ti element and TiB 2 The in situ chemical reaction described above occurs.
Laser net near shaping TiB 2 Principle of Ti-based functionally graded material: during the forming process, ti powder energy and TiB 2 The powder generates an in-situ reaction to generate a TiB new phase, when a crack of the material expands to TiB particles after being impacted, the material can generate crystal-through fracture and cause crack deflection, so that a crack expansion path is increased, more energy is consumed, the toughness of the material is improved, a large amount of heat can be released in the in-situ reaction, the heat input in the forming process can be improved to a certain extent, the powder is effectively melted, and the generation of unfused powder and pores is avoided; meanwhile, the in-situ reaction is carried out in a limited space in the micro molten pool, and the rapid solidification condition can furthest reduce element segregation in the solidification process of the molten pool. In addition, the Ti-based material has a high flexural strength energy TiB 2 The Ti-based functional gradient material provides enough strength support, so that the functional gradient material layer maintains higher bonding strength, a gradient nano structure can be formed between the material layers, the dual mechanism of load transmission and multi-scale (micro- & gtmicro- & gtnano) interface shear coupling can strongly inhibit interlayer transverse displacement generated by transverse shear stress waves, obviously weaken interlayer dissociation tendency, relieve dynamic damage accumulation in the material, increase the stay time of an impact body in the material, reduce and overcome unmatched factors of interlayer and interface performance of the bonding part of the traditional composite material, and alleviate thermal stress generated by thermal physical property differences of different materials. In addition, tiB is prepared 2 Defects such as dislocation, stacking faults and the like in the Ti-based functionally graded material consume more fracture energy in the crack propagation process, and the strength and toughness of the composite material are comprehensively improved.
The xTiB of the invention 2 Composite powder of Ti-6Al-4V, where x is 7.5wt.%, 15wt.%, 22.5wt.%, 30wt.%.The material has excellent dynamic mechanical property, can better slow down impact stress, relieves the stress concentration problem of a composite material interface, and has better impact resistance.
The beneficial effects of the invention are that
(1) The method of laser near-net forming adopted by the invention can lead Ti powder and TiB to be 2 The powder reacts in situ to generate a TiB new phase, and the strength and toughness of the composite material are improved by causing crack deflection and whisker extraction; the in-situ reaction under the action of laser can improve the heat input of a molten pool in the laser preparation and forming process, so that the temperature field in the molten pool is distributed more uniformly, and the generation of material defects is avoided to a certain extent.
(2) The preparation process can furthest avoid element segregation phenomenon in the solidification process of the molten pool under the condition of rapid solidification, so that the impact resistance of the formed functionally graded material is obviously improved.
(3) TiB prepared by the invention 2 The gradient nano composite structure formed between the Ti-based functional gradient material layers can relieve the contradiction that an impact body cannot be compatible with ceramic materials and toughness, realize structural function integration, and prepare the structural material with high performance, high toughness and strength and good shock resistance.
(4) TiB prepared by the invention 2 The Ti-based functionally graded material has defects of dislocation, stacking faults and the like, more fracture energy can be consumed in the crack propagation process, the strength and toughness of the composite material are comprehensively improved, and the impact performance of the material is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high impact functionally graded material according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of different sections of a high impact functionally graded material according to the invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the powder feeding section of the laser near-net shape high impact functionally gradient material of example 1.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of xTiB mechanically ball milled according to example 1 2 Composite powder morphology/Ti-6 Al-4V (x=30 wt.%).
FIG. 5 is a process flow of the powder feeding section of the laser near-net shape high impact gradient material of example 2.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the morphology of the starting material for preparing a laser near-net shape high impact gradient material of example 2, wherein (a) Ti-6Al-4V powder, (b) TiB 2 And (3) powder.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
Laser net near forming TiB 2 The preparation method of the Ti-based functionally graded material (see figure 3) comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Establishment of TiB 2 And (3) slicing and layering the three-dimensional data model by using slicing software, planning a laser scanning path and generating a laser scanning program.
(2) Ti-6Al-4V titanium powder and TiB 2 Placing the ceramic powder into a planetary ball mill for mechanical ball milling in proportion to obtain uniformly mixed xTiB 2 Composite powder of/Ti-6 Al-4V (x=7.5, 15,22.5,30 wt.%); wherein the purity of Ti-6Al-4V powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, tiB 2 The purity of the powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent (the appearance of the powder after ball milling is shown in figure 4).
(3) And placing the mixed powder into a carrier gas type powder mixer of laser near-net forming equipment, selecting different areas to print, and configuring the different areas and different metal powder contents.
(4) Uniformly mixing xTiB after mechanical ball milling 2 Composite powder of/Ti-6 Al-4V (x=7.5 wt.%) is put into a first powder spraying box, and the corresponding selection area is selected for printing in the gradient material plastic area.
(5) Uniformly mixing xTiB after mechanical ball milling 2 Composite powder of/Ti-6 Al-4V (x=15 wt%) is placed into a first powder spraying box, and the correspondent selected area is selected for printing gradient material transition area.
(6) Uniformly mixing xTiB after mechanical ball milling 2 Composite powder of/Ti-6 Al-4V (x=22.5 wt.%) was placed in a number one powder box, selectedAnd (3) performing mechanical ball milling on the gradient materials in the corresponding selected areas, and printing in a transition area after uniformly mixing.
(7) Uniformly mixing xTiB after mechanical ball milling 2 The composite powder of/Ti-6 Al-4V (x=30wt%) is placed into a first powder spraying box, and the correspondent selected area is selected for printing gradient material intensity area.
Example 2:
laser net near forming TiB 2 The preparation method of the Ti-based functionally graded material (see figure 5) comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Establishment of TiB 2 And (3) slicing and layering the three-dimensional data model by using slicing software, planning a laser scanning path and generating a laser scanning program.
(2) Ti-6Al-4V powder and TiB 2 The powders were placed in a carrier gas type powder mixer of a laser near net shape forming apparatus, respectively. Wherein the purity of Ti-6Al-4V powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, tiB 2 The purity of the powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent (the morphology of the powder is shown in figure 6).
(3) Ti-6Al-4V titanium powder and TiB 2 The ceramic powder is respectively arranged in a powder feeder of the laser near-net forming equipment, the powder feeder and the laser are started, and the powder feeder synchronously transmits Ti-6Al-4V titanium powder and TiB according to proportion 2 Uniformly mixing the ceramic powder in a powder mixer to obtain xTiB 2 The mixed powder of/Ti-6 Al-4V (x=7.5, 15,22.5,30 wt.%) is sent out by a powder mixer and through a ring laser coaxial powder-feeding spray nozzle, and meanwhile, laser near-net forming equipment scans the mixed powder according to a laser scanning path, and the mixed powder forms TiB through rapid melting and rapid solidification processes 2 The component proportion of the Ti composite material is gradually changed to prepare TiB 2 Ti-based functionally graded materials. Protecting in a protective atmosphere environment, strictly controlling the laser temperature according to strict process requirements, performing selective printing, finishing printing of one selective and then the next selective, performing four selective printing in this way, finishing printing of the whole selective of the high impact resistance functionally graded material, and forming the ceramic reinforced titanium-based functionally graded material with excellent impact resistance; the powder feeding amount is continuously adjustable, the range is 10-24 g/min, and the powder granularity is 50-200 mu m; the output power of the laser is 50-4000W; light spotThe diameter is phi 1.6mm; the focal length of the focusing lens is 0-25 mm, and the protective atmosphere is argon.
The results of examples 1, 2 were analyzed as follows:
compared with conventional TiB 2 TiB compared with Ti-6Al-4V impact resistant composite material 2 The Ti-6Al-4V functional gradient material is considered as a material with better protective performance and has good application prospect, but the current research on the impact resistance of the material is few, the gradient structure is single, and the overall material distribution is uneven; tiB prepared by the invention 2 The Ti-6Al-4V composite functionally graded material has larger impact load resistance, and the reference literature shows that the common TiB 2 The yield strength of the Ti-6Al-4V composite material is 1800Mpa, and the yield strength of the material prepared by the invention is expected to be increased by 16.6% to 2100-2149 MPa; traditional TiB based on finite element simulation calculation 2 The maximum impact stress born by the Ti-6Al-4V composite material when the composite material starts to break under low-speed impact is 1110MPa, the impact stress is 3800MPa, and the TiB 2 The maximum impact stress of the Ti-6Al-4V functionally graded material is 1040Mpa, the impact stress is 2150Mpa, and the impact force of 6.3% -43 is expected to be relieved; the plastic stress resistance of the bottom of the material can bear structural load, has good interface shear coupling characteristics and is easy to attach on the metal surface, and the damage degree and damage range are small when the material is impacted; the powder material can be changed according to different working conditions, for example, if the hardness is increased and the cost is reduced, the powder material can be used in xTiB 2 TiB is added to Ti-6Al-4V (x.epsilon.0-30 wt.%) powder 2 The content is as follows; if the plasticity is increased, the plasticity area TiB can be reduced 2 The content is as follows.

Claims (7)

1. Laser net near forming TiB 2 The Ti-based functionally graded material is characterized in that: the functionally graded material is sequentially divided into a high-strength region, a transition region and a high-plasticity region from outside to inside; the height ratio of the three working areas of the high strength area, the transition area and the high plasticity area is 1:2:1; high strength zone of 30wt.% TiB 2 Ti-6Al-4V composite material; the transition zone is 22.5wt.% TiB 2 Ti-6Al-4V composite and 15wt.% TiB 2 Ti-6Al-4V compositeA material, height ratio 1:1; high plasticity zone 7.5wt.% TiB 2 Ti-6Al-4V composite material.
2. The laser net near-shaping TiB of claim 1 2 The preparation method of the Ti-based functionally graded material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) TiB with high shock resistance established by modeling software 2 The Ti-based functional gradient material three-dimensional data model is sliced and layered, a laser scanning path is planned, and different metal powder contents in different areas are configured;
(2) Ti-6Al-4V titanium powder and TiB 2 Placing the ceramic powder into a planetary ball mill for mechanical ball milling in proportion to obtain different uniformly mixed xTiB 2 Composite powder of Ti-6Al-4V, where x is 7.5wt.%, 15wt.%, 22.5wt.%, 30wt.%.
(3) 7.5wt.% TiB mixed uniformly after mechanical ball milling 2 Placing the composite powder of/Ti-6 Al-4V into a first powder spraying box, and selecting a corresponding selected area to print in a gradient material plastic area;
(4) Evenly mixing 15wt.% TiB after mechanical ball milling 2 Placing the composite powder of/Ti-6 Al-4V into a first powder spraying box, and selecting a corresponding selected area to print a gradient material transition area;
(5) 22.5wt.% TiB mixed uniformly after mechanical ball milling 2 Placing the composite powder of/Ti-6 Al-4V into a first powder spraying box, selecting a corresponding selected area to perform gradient material mechanical ball milling, and then mixing uniformly and printing in a transition area;
(6) 30wt.% TiB mixed uniformly after mechanical ball milling 2 Placing the Ti-6Al-4V composite powder into a first powder spraying box, and selecting a corresponding selected area to print a gradient material strength area, wherein x is 30 wt%.
3. The laser net near-shaping TiB of claim 1 2 The preparation method of the Ti-based functionally graded material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Ti-6Al-4V titanium powder and TiB 2 Ceramic powder is respectively arranged in powder separators of laser near-net forming equipment；
(2) The powder divider synchronously conveys Ti-6Al-4V titanium powder and TiB according to proportion 2 Uniformly mixing the ceramic powder in a powder mixer to obtain xTiB 2 Ti-6Al-4V mixed powder, wherein x is 7.5wt.%, 15wt.%, 22.5wt.%, 30wt.%;
(3) The powder is sent out through a ring laser coaxial powder-feeding spray head by a powder mixer, meanwhile, laser near-net forming equipment scans mixed powder according to a laser scanning path, and the mixed powder forms TiB through rapid melting and rapid solidification processes 2 The component proportion of the Ti composite material is gradually changed to prepare TiB 2 Ti-based functionally graded materials.
4. A laser net near-shaping TiB as claimed in claim 2 or 3 2 The preparation method of the Ti-based functionally graded material is characterized in that the grain size of the Ti-6Al-4V powder is 50-200 mu m, tiB 2 The particle size of the powder is 20-100 mu m.
5. A laser net near-shaping TiB as claimed in claim 3 2 The preparation method of the Ti-based functionally graded material is characterized in that the transmission laser scanning path of the laser near-net forming equipment comprises the following specific parameters: the powder feeding amount is continuously adjustable, the range is 10-24 g/min, and the powder granularity is 50-200 mu m; the output power of the laser is 50-4000W; the diameter of the light spot is phi 1.6mm; the focal length of the focusing lens is 0-25 mm, and the protective atmosphere is argon.
6. The laser net near-shaping TiB of claim 5 2 The preparation method of the Ti-based functionally graded material is characterized in that the flow of the protective atmosphere is 16-20L/h.
7. A laser net near-shaping TiB as claimed in claim 3 2 The preparation method of the Ti-based functionally graded material is characterized in that the powder mixer is a carrier gas type powder mixer.
CN202310978983.5A 2023-08-04 2023-08-04 Laser net near forming TiB 2 Ti-based functionally graded material and preparation method thereof Pending CN117066529A (en)

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