CN117050452A - High-strength composite material for new energy automobile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength composite material for new energy automobile and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117050452A CN117050452A CN202311029879.8A CN202311029879A CN117050452A CN 117050452 A CN117050452 A CN 117050452A CN 202311029879 A CN202311029879 A CN 202311029879A CN 117050452 A CN117050452 A CN 117050452A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001911 maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007676 flexural strength test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013080 microcrystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0095—Mixtures of at least two compounding ingredients belonging to different one-dot groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
- C08J9/0071—Nanosized fillers, i.e. having at least one dimension below 100 nanometers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0085—Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/009—Use of pretreated compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2351/00—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2351/06—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/06—Elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
- C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of carbon fiber composite materials. The composite material is prepared by using the modified carbon fiber composite foaming polypropylene, the mechanical property of the composite material is obviously improved, and the impact strength and the tensile strength are respectively obviously improved; in addition, the modified carbon fiber can also enhance the thermal stability of the polypropylene matrix, and improve the service temperature and service life of the composite material; in the invention, the nitric acid oxidation treatment introduces oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the carbon fiber, so that the modification is more uniform and complete, and the material performance is more excellent; according to the invention, the modification of the polyether-ether-ketone on the carbon fiber improves the mechanical property of the composite material and simultaneously endows the material with better heat resistance; the surface of the modified carbon fiber is rendered to be lipophilic, and forms a coating structure with the internal carbon fiber, so that a certain degree of toughness interface can be formed by cooperating with a polypropylene structure, and the impact toughness of the material is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon fiber composite materials, and particularly relates to a high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of the economy in China, automobiles are an indispensable life style in the life of people in China, more convenient life styles are brought to people, but fuel used by an automobile internal combustion engine is non-renewable energy, with the rapid development of the economy in the world, energy environment problems become important problems of human development and survival, more than 60% of atmospheric pollutants in all parts of the world come from the emission of automobile exhaust, and for these reasons, new energy automobiles start to walk into the field of view of the world. The battery system of the new energy automobile can increase the weight of the automobile body, and the weight of the automobile body is related to the problems of energy conservation and emission reduction and the acceleration and braking performance of the automobile to a certain extent, so that the automobile light weight technology is a necessary way of the new energy automobile. The development of fiber reinforced composite materials clearly has great assistance in the development of automobile weight reduction.
The carbon fiber generally refers to a fibrous graphite microcrystalline material with high strength and high modulus, the carbon fiber has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high creep resistance and the like in engineering due to the physicochemical property of the carbon fiber, the density is small, the weight is light, the rigidity is excellent, the expansion coefficient is stable at a low value, and the carbon fiber has strong competitive advantage in the industrial field with severe service environment. In recent years, with the development of technology, the preparation method of carbon fiber has been greatly advanced, and carbon fiber materials begin to sink from the high-precision fields of aerospace, transportation and the like to the fields of daily use, such as sports and leisure, automobile manufacturing and the like. However, the intrinsic shape of the carbon fiber is a fiber body, and in many cases, the carbon fiber cannot be directly used, and the carbon fiber composite material uses the carbon fiber as a reinforcement.
The foaming polypropylene, especially the micro-foaming polypropylene has good application prospect in new energy automobiles, but the linear chain structure of the polypropylene has low viscosity and low melt strength, can only foam near a crystalline melting point, has a narrow foaming temperature range and faces the dilemma of difficult uniform foaming and poor tensile strength; meanwhile, although the cost is saved after the polymer is foamed, the effective bearing area of the material is reduced, and under the condition of the same bearing area, cracks generated around large cells are easy to expand, so that the comprehensive mechanical property of the polymer foamed product is reduced, and the industrialized application of the foamed polymer is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of carbon fiber composite materials. The composite material is prepared by using the modified carbon fiber composite foaming polypropylene, the mechanical property of the composite material is obviously improved, and the impact strength and the tensile strength are respectively obviously improved; in addition, the modified carbon fiber can also enhance the thermal stability of the polypropylene matrix, and improve the service temperature and service life of the composite material; in the invention, the nitric acid oxidation treatment introduces oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the carbon fiber, so that the modification is more uniform and complete, and the material performance is more excellent; according to the invention, the modification of the polyether-ether-ketone on the carbon fiber improves the mechanical property of the composite material and simultaneously endows the material with better heat resistance; the surface of the modified carbon fiber is rendered to be lipophilic, and forms a coating structure with the internal carbon fiber, so that a certain degree of toughness interface can be formed by cooperating with a polypropylene structure, and the impact toughness of the material is further improved.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the high-strength composite material for the new energy automobile comprises the following operations:
(1) Pretreating carbon fiber, and then modifying the carbon fiber to obtain modified carbon fiber, wherein the modification comprises the following operations: mixing polyether-ether-ketone and diamino functional silane to prepare a mixed solution A, immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in the mixed solution A for 3-6min, and drying;
(2) Mixing maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and nano silicon dioxide, and granulating to obtain polypropylene master batch;
(3) Uniformly mixing polypropylene master batches and modified carbon fibers, banburying, and crushing to obtain a pre-composite material;
(4) And (3) uniformly mixing the pre-composite material with the foaming master batch and the foaming auxiliary master batch respectively, and preparing the high-strength composite material by adopting a pressure release molding mode.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pretreatment in (1) comprises the following operations:
soaking carbon fiber in the mixed solution B for 24-32 hr, drying, adding concentrated nitric acid, refluxing at 80-85deg.C for 1-1.5 hr, washing with deionized water to pH 6.8-7.2, and vacuum drying at 90-100deg.C.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the mixed solution B consists of acetone, tetrahydrofuran and petroleum ether with the volume ratio of 1:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the mass ratio of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene to the nano-silica in the step (2) is 95-97:3-5.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the granulating in (2) comprises the following operations: extruding and granulating by a double-screw extrusion granulator according to the mass ratio of 6-8:1.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the main machine rotating speed of the double-screw extrusion granulator is 200-220r/min, and the feeding rotating speed is 18-22r/min.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the volume ratio of the polypropylene master batch to the modified carbon fiber in the step (3) is 8-10:90-92.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the mass ratio of the pre-composite material in (4) to the foaming master batch and the foaming auxiliary master batch is 15-17:2-4:1 respectively.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure release molding method described in (4) includes the following operations: the plastic injection molding machine is used for preparing the plastic injection molding material at the glue injection rate of 80-90mm/s and the glue injection pressure of 55-60 MPa.
The high-strength composite material for the new energy automobile is prepared by the preparation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, the composite material is prepared by using the modified carbon fiber composite foaming polypropylene, so that the refinement of the pore diameter can be promoted, the mechanical properties of the foamed composite material are obviously improved, and the impact strength and the tensile strength are obviously improved respectively; in addition, the modified carbon fiber can also enhance the thermal stability of the polypropylene matrix, and improve the service temperature and service life of the composite material.
2. In the invention, the nitric acid oxidation treatment introduces oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the carbon fiber, changes the chemical environment of the surface of the carbon fiber, improves the surface energy, improves the wettability of the carbon fiber, and has more uniform and complete modification and more excellent material performance.
3. In the invention, the polyether-ether-ketone enhances the adhesive force between the carbon fiber and the polypropylene matrix under the synergistic effect of the diamino functional group silane; the modification of the polyether-ether-ketone to the carbon fiber improves the mechanical property of the composite material and simultaneously endows the material with better heat resistance.
4. According to the invention, the surface of the modified carbon fiber is rendered to be lipophilic, and forms a cladding structure with the internal carbon fiber, so that a certain degree of toughness interface can be formed in cooperation with the polypropylene structure, and when the material is stressed, the toughness interface layer can be properly deformed, so that stress cracking is initiated, stress is absorbed and transferred, the shell layer is promoted to yield and deform in a larger area and absorb impact energy, and the impact toughness of the material is further improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Pretreating carbon fiber, and then modifying the carbon fiber to obtain modified carbon fiber, wherein the modification comprises the following operations: mixing polyether-ether-ketone and a silane coupling agent KH-602 to prepare a mixed solution A, immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in the mixed solution A for 3min, drying by blowing, and removing the solvent;
the preprocessing includes the following operations:
soaking carbon fiber in the mixed solution B for 24h, drying at 60 ℃ by blowing for 6h, adding concentrated nitric acid, heating and refluxing at 80 ℃ for 1h, flushing with deionized water until the pH is 6.8-7.2, and drying at 90 ℃ in vacuum;
the mixed solution B consists of acetone, tetrahydrofuran and petroleum ether in the volume ratio of 1:0.8:0.8;
(2) Mixing maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and nano silicon dioxide according to a mass ratio of 95:5, and granulating to obtain polypropylene master batch;
the granulating comprises the following operations: extruding and granulating by a double-screw extrusion granulator according to the mass ratio of 6:1, wherein the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extrusion granulator is 200r/min, and the feeding rotating speed is 18r/min;
(3) Uniformly mixing polypropylene master batches and modified carbon fibers according to the volume ratio of 8:92, banburying, and crushing to obtain a pre-composite material;
(4) Mixing the pre-composite material with foaming master batch and foaming auxiliary master batch according to the mass ratio of 15:4:1), and preparing the high-strength composite material by adopting a pressure release molding mode in a plastic injection molding machine at the glue injection rate of 80mm/s and the glue injection pressure of 55 MPa.
Example 2
A high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Pretreating carbon fiber, and then modifying the carbon fiber to obtain modified carbon fiber, wherein the modification comprises the following operations: mixing polyether-ether-ketone and a silane coupling agent KH-602 to prepare a mixed solution A, immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in the mixed solution A for 3min, drying by blowing, and removing the solvent;
the preprocessing includes the following operations:
soaking carbon fiber in the mixed solution B for 26h, drying at 60 ℃ in a blowing way for 6h, adding concentrated nitric acid, heating and refluxing for 1.1h at 81 ℃, flushing with deionized water until the pH is 6.8-7.2, and drying at 92 ℃ in a vacuum way;
the mixed solution B consists of acetone, tetrahydrofuran and petroleum ether in a volume ratio of 1:0.9:0.9;
(2) Mixing maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and nano silicon dioxide according to the mass ratio of 95.5:4.5, and granulating to obtain polypropylene master batch;
the granulating comprises the following operations: extruding and granulating by a double-screw extrusion granulator according to the mass ratio of 6.5:1, wherein the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extrusion granulator is 205r/min, and the feeding rotating speed is 19r/min;
(3) Uniformly mixing polypropylene master batches and modified carbon fibers according to the volume ratio of 8.5:91.5, banburying, and crushing to obtain a pre-composite material;
(4) The pre-composite material is mixed with foaming master batch and foaming auxiliary master batch according to the mass ratio of 15.5:3.5:1) uniformly, and the high-strength composite material is prepared by adopting a pressure release molding mode in a plastic injection molding machine at the glue injection rate of 82mm/s and the glue injection pressure of 56 MPa.
Example 3
A high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Pretreating carbon fiber, and then modifying the carbon fiber to obtain modified carbon fiber, wherein the modification comprises the following operations: mixing polyether-ether-ketone and a silane coupling agent KH-602 to prepare a mixed solution A, immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in the mixed solution A for 4min, drying by blowing, and removing the solvent;
the preprocessing includes the following operations:
soaking carbon fiber in the mixed solution B for 28h, drying at 60 ℃ in a blowing way for 6h, adding concentrated nitric acid, heating and refluxing for 1.2h at 82 ℃, flushing with deionized water until the pH is 6.8-7.2, and drying at 95 ℃ in a vacuum way;
the mixed solution B consists of acetone, tetrahydrofuran and petroleum ether in a volume ratio of 1:1:1;
(2) Mixing maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and nano silicon dioxide according to a mass ratio of 96:4, and granulating to obtain polypropylene master batch;
the granulating comprises the following operations: extruding and granulating by a double-screw extrusion granulator according to the mass ratio of 7:1, wherein the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extrusion granulator is 210r/min, and the feeding rotating speed is 20r/min;
(3) Uniformly mixing polypropylene master batches and modified carbon fibers according to the volume ratio of 9:91, banburying, and crushing to obtain a pre-composite material;
(4) Mixing the pre-composite material with foaming master batch and foaming auxiliary master batch according to the mass ratio of 16:3:1) uniformly, and preparing the high-strength composite material by adopting a pressure release molding mode in a plastic injection molding machine at a glue injection rate of 85mm/s and a glue injection pressure of 57 MPa.
Example 4
A high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Pretreating carbon fiber, and then modifying the carbon fiber to obtain modified carbon fiber, wherein the modification comprises the following operations: mixing polyether-ether-ketone and a silane coupling agent KH-602 to prepare a mixed solution A, immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in the mixed solution A for 5min, drying by blowing, and removing the solvent;
the preprocessing includes the following operations:
soaking carbon fiber in the mixed solution B for 30h, drying at 60 ℃ in a blowing way for 6h, adding concentrated nitric acid, heating and refluxing for 1.3h at 83 ℃, flushing with deionized water until the pH is 6.8-7.2, and drying at 98 ℃ in a vacuum way;
the mixed solution B consists of acetone, tetrahydrofuran and petroleum ether in the volume ratio of 1:1.1:1.1;
(2) Mixing maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and nano silicon dioxide according to the mass ratio of 96.5:3.5, and granulating to obtain polypropylene master batch;
the granulating comprises the following operations: extruding and granulating by a double-screw extrusion granulator according to the mass ratio of 7.5:1, wherein the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extrusion granulator is 215r/min, and the feeding rotating speed is 21r/min;
(3) Uniformly mixing polypropylene master batches and modified carbon fibers according to the volume ratio of 9.5:10.5, banburying, and crushing to obtain a pre-composite material;
(4) The pre-composite material is mixed with foaming master batch and foaming auxiliary master batch according to the mass ratio of 16.5:2.5:1) uniformly, and the high-strength composite material is prepared by adopting a pressure release molding mode in a plastic injection molding machine at the glue injection rate of 88mm/s and the glue injection pressure of 59 MPa.
Example 5
A high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Pretreating carbon fiber, and then modifying the carbon fiber to obtain modified carbon fiber, wherein the modification comprises the following operations: mixing polyether-ether-ketone and a silane coupling agent KH-602 to prepare a mixed solution A, immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in the mixed solution A for 6min, drying by blowing, and removing the solvent;
the preprocessing includes the following operations:
soaking carbon fiber in the mixed solution B for 32h, drying at 60 ℃ by blowing for 6h, adding concentrated nitric acid, heating and refluxing for 1.5h at 85 ℃, flushing with deionized water until the pH is 6.8-7.2, and drying at 100 ℃ in vacuum;
the mixed solution B consists of acetone, tetrahydrofuran and petroleum ether in the volume ratio of 1:1.2:1.2;
(2) Mixing maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and nano silicon dioxide according to a mass ratio of 97:3, and granulating to obtain polypropylene master batch;
the granulating comprises the following operations: extruding and granulating by a double-screw extrusion granulator according to the mass ratio of 8:1, wherein the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extrusion granulator is 220r/min, and the feeding rotating speed is 22r/min;
(3) Uniformly mixing polypropylene master batches and modified carbon fibers according to the volume ratio of 10:90, banburying, and crushing to obtain a pre-composite material;
(4) Mixing the pre-composite material with foaming master batch and foaming auxiliary master batch according to the mass ratio of 17:2:1) uniformly, and preparing the high-strength composite material by adopting a pressure release molding mode in a plastic injection molding machine at the glue injection rate of 90mm/s and the glue injection pressure of 60 MPa.
Comparative example 1
A high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Modifying the carbon fiber to obtain a modified carbon fiber, wherein the modification comprises the following operations: mixing polyether-ether-ketone and a silane coupling agent KH-602 to prepare a mixed solution A, immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in the mixed solution A for 6min, drying by blowing, and removing the solvent;
(2) Mixing maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and nano silicon dioxide according to a mass ratio of 97:3, and granulating to obtain polypropylene master batch;
the granulating comprises the following operations: extruding and granulating by a double-screw extrusion granulator according to the mass ratio of 8:1, wherein the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extrusion granulator is 220r/min, and the feeding rotating speed is 22r/min;
(3) Uniformly mixing polypropylene master batches and modified carbon fibers according to the volume ratio of 10:90, banburying, and crushing to obtain a pre-composite material;
(4) Mixing the pre-composite material with foaming master batch and foaming auxiliary master batch according to the mass ratio of 17:2:1) uniformly, and preparing the high-strength composite material by adopting a pressure release molding mode in a plastic injection molding machine at the glue injection rate of 90mm/s and the glue injection pressure of 60 MPa.
Comparative example 2
A high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Pretreating carbon fiber, and then modifying the carbon fiber to obtain modified carbon fiber, wherein the modification comprises the following operations: immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in a silane coupling agent KH-602 for 6min, drying by blowing, and removing the solvent;
the preprocessing includes the following operations:
soaking carbon fiber in the mixed solution B for 32h, drying at 60 ℃ by blowing for 6h, adding concentrated nitric acid, heating and refluxing for 1.5h at 85 ℃, flushing with deionized water until the pH is 6.8-7.2, and drying at 100 ℃ in vacuum;
the mixed solution B consists of acetone, tetrahydrofuran and petroleum ether in the volume ratio of 1:1.2:1.2;
(2) Mixing maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and nano silicon dioxide according to a mass ratio of 97:3, and granulating to obtain polypropylene master batch;
the granulating comprises the following operations: extruding and granulating by a double-screw extrusion granulator according to the mass ratio of 8:1, wherein the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extrusion granulator is 220r/min, and the feeding rotating speed is 22r/min;
(3) Uniformly mixing polypropylene master batches and modified carbon fibers according to the volume ratio of 10:90, banburying, and crushing to obtain a pre-composite material;
(4) Mixing the pre-composite material with foaming master batch and foaming auxiliary master batch according to the mass ratio of 17:2:1) uniformly, and preparing the high-strength composite material by adopting a pressure release molding mode in a plastic injection molding machine at the glue injection rate of 90mm/s and the glue injection pressure of 60 MPa.
Comparative example 3
A high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Pretreating carbon fiber, and then modifying the carbon fiber to obtain modified carbon fiber, wherein the modification comprises the following operations: immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in polyether-ether-ketone for 6min, drying by blowing, and removing the solvent;
the preprocessing includes the following operations:
soaking carbon fiber in the mixed solution B for 32h, drying at 60 ℃ by blowing for 6h, adding concentrated nitric acid, heating and refluxing for 1.5h at 85 ℃, flushing with deionized water until the pH is 6.8-7.2, and drying at 100 ℃ in vacuum;
the mixed solution B consists of acetone, tetrahydrofuran and petroleum ether in the volume ratio of 1:1.2:1.2;
(2) Mixing maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and nano silicon dioxide according to a mass ratio of 97:3, and granulating to obtain polypropylene master batch;
the granulating comprises the following operations: extruding and granulating by a double-screw extrusion granulator according to the mass ratio of 8:1, wherein the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extrusion granulator is 220r/min, and the feeding rotating speed is 22r/min;
(3) Uniformly mixing polypropylene master batches and modified carbon fibers according to the volume ratio of 10:90, banburying, and crushing to obtain a pre-composite material;
(4) Mixing the pre-composite material with foaming master batch and foaming auxiliary master batch according to the mass ratio of 17:2:1) uniformly, and preparing the high-strength composite material by adopting a pressure release molding mode in a plastic injection molding machine at the glue injection rate of 90mm/s and the glue injection pressure of 60 MPa.
Comparative example 4
A high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Pretreating carbon fiber, and then modifying the carbon fiber to obtain modified carbon fiber, wherein the modification comprises the following operations: mixing polyether-ether-ketone and a silane coupling agent KH-602 to prepare a mixed solution A, immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in the mixed solution A for 6min, drying by blowing, and removing the solvent;
the preprocessing includes the following operations:
soaking carbon fiber in the mixed solution B for 32h, drying at 60 ℃ by blowing for 6h, adding concentrated nitric acid, heating and refluxing for 1.5h at 85 ℃, flushing with deionized water until the pH is 6.8-7.2, and drying at 100 ℃ in vacuum;
the mixed solution B consists of acetone, tetrahydrofuran and petroleum ether in the volume ratio of 1:1.2:1.2;
(2) Granulating maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene to obtain polypropylene master batch;
the granulating comprises the following operations: extruding and granulating by a double-screw extrusion granulator according to the mass ratio of 8:1, wherein the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extrusion granulator is 220r/min, and the feeding rotating speed is 22r/min;
(3) Uniformly mixing polypropylene master batches and modified carbon fibers according to the volume ratio of 10:90, banburying, and crushing to obtain a pre-composite material;
(4) Mixing the pre-composite material with foaming master batch and foaming auxiliary master batch according to the mass ratio of 17:2:1) uniformly, and preparing the high-strength composite material by adopting a pressure release molding mode in a plastic injection molding machine at the glue injection rate of 90mm/s and the glue injection pressure of 60 MPa.
Comparative example 5
A high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Pretreating carbon fiber, and then modifying the carbon fiber to obtain modified carbon fiber, wherein the modification comprises the following operations: mixing polyether-ether-ketone and a silane coupling agent KH-602 to prepare a mixed solution A, immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in the mixed solution A for 6min, drying by blowing, and removing the solvent;
the preprocessing includes the following operations:
soaking carbon fiber in the mixed solution B for 32h, drying at 60deg.C for 6h by air blast, refluxing at 85deg.C for 1.5h, washing with deionized water to pH of 6.8-7.2, and vacuum drying at 100deg.C;
the mixed solution B consists of acetone, tetrahydrofuran and petroleum ether in the volume ratio of 1:1.2:1.2;
(2) Mixing maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and nano silicon dioxide according to a mass ratio of 97:3, and granulating to obtain polypropylene master batch;
the granulating comprises the following operations: extruding and granulating by a double-screw extrusion granulator according to the mass ratio of 8:1, wherein the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extrusion granulator is 220r/min, and the feeding rotating speed is 22r/min;
(3) Uniformly mixing polypropylene master batches and modified carbon fibers according to the volume ratio of 10:90, banburying, and crushing to obtain a pre-composite material;
(4) Mixing the pre-composite material with foaming master batch and foaming auxiliary master batch according to the mass ratio of 17:2:1) uniformly, and preparing the high-strength composite material by adopting a pressure release molding mode in a plastic injection molding machine at the glue injection rate of 90mm/s and the glue injection pressure of 60 MPa.
The high strength composite materials for new energy automobiles prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were tested as follows:
test example 1 tensile Strength test
The test was carried out according to GB/T1040.2-2006 standard and the results are shown in Table 1.
Test example 2 flexural Strength test
The test was performed according to GB/T9341-2008 standard and the results are shown in Table 1.
Test example 3 impact Strength test
The test was carried out according to GB/T1043-1993 standard and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Test group | Tensile Strength/MPa | Flexural Strength/MPa | Impact strength/kJ.m -2 |
| Example 1 | 53.17 | 56.21 | 8.69 |
| Example 2 | 53.64 | 56.57 | 8.70 |
| Example 3 | 54.02 | 56.82 | 8.76 |
| Example 4 | 54.76 | 57.54 | 8.79 |
| Example 5 | 55.43 | 58.16 | 8.84 |
| Comparative example 1 | 36.87 | 42.51 | 5.69 |
| Comparative example 2 | 46.29 | 43.96 | 6.45 |
| Comparative example 3 | 43.19 | 43.48 | 5.94 |
| Comparative example 4 | 49.64 | 44.69 | 6.89 |
| Comparative example 5 | 49.08 | 44.24 | 6.73 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the high-strength composite materials for new energy automobiles provided in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention have good tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength, and the high-strength composite materials prepared in comparative examples 1 to 5 have various degrees of decrease in tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention, as various modifications and additions may be made to the particular embodiments described, or in a similar manner, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile, which is characterized by comprising the following operations:
(1) Pretreating carbon fiber, and then modifying the carbon fiber to obtain modified carbon fiber, wherein the modification comprises the following operations: mixing polyether-ether-ketone and diamino functional silane to prepare a mixed solution A, immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in the mixed solution A for 3-6min, and drying;
(2) Mixing maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and nano silicon dioxide, and granulating to obtain polypropylene master batch;
(3) Uniformly mixing polypropylene master batches and modified carbon fibers, banburying, and crushing to obtain a pre-composite material;
(4) And (3) uniformly mixing the pre-composite material with the foaming master batch and the foaming auxiliary master batch respectively, and preparing the high-strength composite material by adopting a pressure release molding mode.
2. The method for producing a high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment in (1) comprises the operations of:
soaking carbon fiber in the mixed solution B for 24-32 hr, drying, adding concentrated nitric acid, refluxing at 80-85deg.C for 1-1.5 hr, washing with deionized water to pH 6.8-7.2, and vacuum drying at 90-100deg.C.
3. The method for preparing the high-strength composite material for the new energy automobile according to claim 2, wherein the mixed solution B consists of acetone, tetrahydrofuran and petroleum ether in a volume ratio of 1:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2.
4. The method for preparing a high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene to the nano-silica in (2) is 95-97:3-5.
5. The method for producing a high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein the granulating in (2) comprises the operations of: extruding and granulating by a double-screw extrusion granulator according to the mass ratio of 6-8:1.
6. The method for preparing the high-strength composite material for the new energy automobile according to claim 5, wherein the main machine rotating speed of the double-screw extrusion granulator is 200-220r/min, and the feeding rotating speed is 18-22r/min.
7. The method for preparing a high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the polypropylene master batch to the modified carbon fiber in (3) is 8-10:90-92.
8. The method for preparing the high-strength composite material for the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the pre-composite material in the step (4) to the foaming master batch and the foaming auxiliary master batch is 15-17:2-4:1 respectively.
9. The method for producing a high-strength composite material for a new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein the pressure release molding in (4) comprises the operations of: the plastic injection molding machine is used for preparing the plastic injection molding material at the glue injection rate of 80-90mm/s and the glue injection pressure of 55-60 MPa.
10. A high strength composite material for new energy automobiles, prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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