CN117049856A - 一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板 - Google Patents
一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117049856A CN117049856A CN202311024131.9A CN202311024131A CN117049856A CN 117049856 A CN117049856 A CN 117049856A CN 202311024131 A CN202311024131 A CN 202311024131A CN 117049856 A CN117049856 A CN 117049856A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- mesoporous material
- polylactic acid
- insulation board
- parts
- surface modified
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- INJVFBCDVXYHGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCNCCN INJVFBCDVXYHGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MQWFLKHKWJMCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCNCCN MQWFLKHKWJMCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940089951 perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- QALDFNLNVLQDSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F QALDFNLNVLQDSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XFFHTZIRHGKTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)silane Chemical group CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F XFFHTZIRHGKTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BHUMEAJPWLHWPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,10,10,10-heptadecafluorodecyl(tripropoxy)silane Chemical compound FC(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(CCC(F)(F)F)F BHUMEAJPWLHWPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WFSMVVDJSNMRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOCCO WFSMVVDJSNMRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HOENFMGYUBYVDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy-dimethyl-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F HOENFMGYUBYVDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XJKVPKYVPCWHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Si] XJKVPKYVPCWHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 29
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyltriethoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOCC RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004890 Hydrophobing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VEFXTGTZJOWDOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC=C1 VEFXTGTZJOWDOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940019778 diethylene glycol diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B16/08—Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons
- C04B16/082—Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons other than polystyrene based, e.g. polyurethane foam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/12—Multiple coating or impregnating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
- E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/10—Forming or shuttering elements for general use with additional peculiarities such as surface shaping, insulating or heating, permeability to water or air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及建筑保温材料技术领域,具体涉及一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,包括如下重量份材料混合均匀后模压成型得到:发泡聚乳酸8‑15份、胶结材料25‑65份、填料10‑50份、表面改性介孔材料5‑15份、其他助剂0.2‑0.5份;其中所述表面改性介孔材料的结构是:以介孔材料为核,在所述核外依次包覆疏水层和亲水层;所述表面改性介孔材料的吸水率小于8%。本发明的表面改性介孔材料具有低于5%的吸水率,且采用可降解发泡聚乳酸为保温介质,辅以吸水率低的表面改性介孔材料,制成的保温板具有较高的强度、保温效果及阻燃性能,且废弃后有机物部分能自然降解。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑保温材料技术领域,具体涉及一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板。
背景技术
建筑节能领域中有一项关键材料为建筑保温材料,通常分为有机保温材料和无机保温材料。纯有机保温材料如EPS、XPS等,因其遇火易燃不具有阻燃性且发烟量大;纯无机保温材料如岩棉、无机保温砂浆等,易产生吸水、粉化、脱落的问题。因此目前大多是有机-无机保温材料的复合,如热固聚苯板、无机分仓聚苯保温板等这类建筑保温材料,其主要以发泡聚苯乙烯颗粒为保温介质,再辅以有机/无机胶黏剂、填料等压制而成,使用寿命较长、保温效果适中、燃烧等级良好可达A2级。
如现有技术中国专利CN114751710A公开了一种含介孔材料的建筑保温板,其采用发泡聚苯乙烯颗粒、改性介孔材料及其他辅助材料制成保温板,聚苯乙烯颗粒添加量在8-15wt%,,可使得保温板导热系数≤0.045W/(m·k)、抗压强度≥0.40MPa,燃烧等级达到A2。其中使用的介孔材料具有较大的比表面积和独特的孔道结构,孔径大小在15-35nm,可以有效阻断热量的传导,因而具有较好的绝热及保温的作用。但是介孔材料发达的孔隙以及开孔的特性,导致其吸水率较高,使其与水泥等胶凝材料复配时,水灰比过高从而使板材易发生收缩、开裂等问题。该专利为了降低介孔材料的吸水率,将均匀分散的介孔材料悬浮液与硅溶胶、氯化铝、水玻璃进行反应,将介孔材料的孔道堵塞并形成包裹进而得到闭孔改性介孔材料,改性后介孔材料的吸水率约在12%左右。另外发泡聚苯乙烯燃烧热值较高,可达46MJ/kg,发泡聚苯乙烯在保温板中占比较多,将导致保温板燃烧性能达不到A2等级,而若其在保温板中占比较少,将导致保温板的保温效果达不到要求,且保温板废弃后也难以自然降解,将会对环境造成影响。
因此为了更进一步降低介孔材料吸水率,提高保温板强度、保温效果以及阻燃性能,且能自然降解,这是本发明就要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板。本发明的表面改性介孔材料具有低于5%的吸水率,且采用可降解发泡聚乳酸为保温介质,辅以吸水率低的表面改性介孔材料,制成的保温板具有较高的强度、保温效果及阻燃性能,且废弃后有机物部分能自然降解。
为了达到以上目的,本发明通过以下方案实现:
一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,包括如下重量份材料混合均匀后模压成型得到:发泡聚乳酸8-15份、胶结材料25-65份、填料10-50份、表面改性介孔材料5-15份、其他助剂0.2-0.5份;
其中所述表面改性介孔材料的结构是:以介孔材料为核,在所述核外依次包覆疏水层和亲水层;所述表面改性介孔材料的吸水率小于5%。
进一步地,所述表面改性介孔材料的获得方法是:
(1)疏水处理:将介孔材料与含氟硅氧烷处理液进行搅拌反应后静置浸泡,然后过滤、洗涤、烘干得到表面具有疏水层的介孔材料;
(2)亲水处理:将表面具有疏水层的介孔材料先在醇醚类溶剂中搅拌浸润,然后滤去所述醇醚类溶剂,将湿的表面具有疏水层的介孔材料与端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液进行搅拌反应后静置浸泡,然后过滤、洗涤、烘干得到表面改性介孔材料,即所述表面改性介孔材料的结构是:以介孔材料为核,在所述核外依次包覆疏水层和亲水层。
再进一步地,步骤(1)中含氟硅氧烷处理液由含氟硅氧烷、乙醇和水组成,所述含氟硅氧烷、所述乙醇和所述水的体积比为3-10:80-150:100;所述含氟硅氧烷选自五氟苯基三甲氧基硅烷、五氟苯基三乙氧基硅烷、五氟苯基乙氧基二甲基硅烷、1H,1H,2H,2H-九氟己基三甲氧基硅烷、1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷、1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷、1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟癸基三乙氧基硅烷、1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟十二基三乙氧基硅烷、十七氟癸基三丙氧基硅烷中的一种或多种。
再进一步地,步骤(2)中所述端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液的质量浓度为1.5-2.5%,其中端氨基硅烷偶联剂选自N-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨乙基氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-氨乙基-3-氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷中的一种或多种。
再进一步地,所述醇醚类溶剂选自乙二醇甲醚、乙二醇***、二乙二醇甲醚、二乙二醇***、三乙二醇***中的一种或多种。先采用醇醚类溶剂将具有疏水层的介孔材料润湿,由醇醚类溶剂与水互溶,这可以使得疏水材料在水解液中分散均匀,可使表面包覆的亲水层更为均匀致密。
再进一步地,步骤(1)中所述介孔材料与所述含氟硅氧烷处理液的重量体积投料比为1-2g:10mL;步骤(2)中按照表面具有疏水层的介孔材料的干燥重量与端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液的体积的投料比为0.5-1g:10mL进行搅拌反应;步骤(1)和步骤(2)中所述搅拌反应时间为至少20min;所述静置浸泡的时间至少是2h。
再进一步地,所述介孔材料为硅基介孔材料,孔隙率大于90%、比表面积大于200m2/g、孔径为15~30nm。
进一步地,所述发泡聚乳酸的密度为0.005-0.03g/cm3;所述胶结材料选自水泥、石膏、氧化钙、灰钙、水玻璃、硅酸钠、EVA胶粉、丙烯酸乳液、苯丙乳液、酚醛树脂、脲醛树脂、蜜胺树脂、环氧树脂中的一种或多种;所述填料选自海泡石、膨润土、硅灰、硅微粉、粉煤灰、碳酸钙、漂珠中的一种或多种;所述其他助剂选自纤维素醚、有机硅憎水剂、聚羧酸减水剂中的一种或多种。
有益技术效果:本发明采用发泡聚乳酸作为分散相,表面改性介孔材料、水泥等胶结材料以及填料等组分作为连续相,发泡聚乳酸被这些连续相包覆,且发泡聚乳酸颗粒之间被分散隔离开,制成的建筑保温板燃烧热值较低,且能够达到A2级燃烧性能,另外导热系数≤0.045W/(m·k)、抗压强度≥0.4MPa,可作为建筑内外墙保温或者免拆保温模板使用,市场前景广阔;
本发明的表面改性介孔材料,先对介孔材料进行了疏水处理,使疏水分子链键合至介孔材料表面羟基上形成疏水层,用于封堵介孔材料的孔道,进而可拦截保温板制备过程中所加入的水使其具有较低的吸水率,从而防止保温板由于吸水率高而产生的收缩、开裂问题,后续再采用端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液进行亲水处理,偶联剂分子的硅羟基之间以Si-O-Si的形式相互连接,可以在疏水表面形成一个致密的亲水性复合网络结构,从而使介孔材料与无机胶结材料具有较好的强度,进一步保障保温板不产生开裂的问题;本发明方法获得的表面改性介孔材料不会对其造成孔道塌陷的问题,能够有效发挥孔道所提供的低热导率效果;本发明采用低燃烧热值的发泡聚乳酸为主、辅以孔隙率高且吸水率低的表面改性介孔材料为保温板提供较好的隔热保温效果,且具有较好的阻燃性。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明的实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的,决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另外具体说明,否则在这些实施例中阐述的数值不限制本发明的范围。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法可能不作详细讨论,但在适当情况下,所述技术、方法应当被视为说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中,任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的,而不是作为限制。因此,示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。
以下实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照国家标准测定;若没有相应的国家标准,则按照通用的国际标准、或相关企业提出的标准要求进行。除非另有说明,否则所有的份数为重量份,所有的百分比为重量百分比。
以下制备例所用介孔材料为氧化硅介孔材料,由常州优纳新材料科技有限公司提供,介孔材料孔径18nm,比表面积532m2/g,孔隙率92%。
以下介孔材料的吸水率测试方法为:将介孔材料在105℃下烘至恒重,称取一定量干燥后的介孔材料,初始重量记为m1,随后将其分散在水中,放置2h,然后抽滤至漏斗下无水滴流出,称取滤饼上材料的质量记为m2;按照公式[(m2-m1)/m1]×100%计算得出材料吸水率。
制备例1
表面改性介孔材料的制备:
(1)疏水处理:
准备含氟硅氧烷处理液:将1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷、无水乙醇和水按照体积比为3:150:100混合均匀后备用;
将氧化硅介孔材料与含氟硅氧烷处理液按照重量体积投料比为2g:10mL进行搅拌反应20min后,静置浸泡2h,然后过滤、洗涤、烘干得到表面具有疏水层的介孔材料;
(2)亲水处理:
准备端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液:将γ-氨乙基氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷与水按照重量比为2:98投料后进行搅拌至少10min获得端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液,备用;
将表面具有疏水层的介孔材料先搅拌浸润在乙二醇***中,滤去乙二醇***后,将湿的表面具有疏水层的介孔材料投入端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液中,以干燥的表面具有疏水层的介孔材料与水解液按照重量体积投料比为1g:10mL进行搅拌反应30min后,静置浸泡3h,然后过滤、洗涤、烘干得到表面改性介孔材料,即所述表面改性介孔材料的结构是:以介孔材料为核,在所述核外依次包覆疏水层和亲水层。
测得本制备例表面改性介孔材料的吸水率为4.9%。
制备例2
表面改性介孔材料的制备:
(1)疏水处理:
准备含氟硅氧烷处理液:将五氟苯基三甲氧基硅烷、1H,1H,2H,2H-九氟己基三甲氧基硅烷、无水乙醇和水按照体积比为1:2:100:100混合均匀后备用;
将氧化硅介孔材料与含氟硅氧烷处理液按照重量体积投料比为1.5g:10mL进行搅拌反应20min后,静置浸泡3h,然后过滤、洗涤、烘干得到表面具有疏水层的介孔材料;
(2)亲水处理:
准备端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液:将N-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷与水按照重量比为2.5:97.5投料后进行搅拌至少10min获得端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液,备用;
将表面具有疏水层的介孔材料先搅拌浸润在二乙二醇***中,滤去乙二醇***后,将湿的表面具有疏水层的介孔材料投入端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液中,以干燥的表面具有疏水层的介孔材料与水解液按照重量体积投料比为0.8g:10mL进行搅拌反应30min后,静置浸泡4h,然后过滤、洗涤、烘干得到表面改性介孔材料,即所述表面改性介孔材料的结构是:以介孔材料为核,在所述核外依次包覆疏水层和亲水层。
测得本制备例表面改性介孔材料的吸水率为4.6%。
制备例3
表面改性介孔材料的制备:
(1)疏水处理:
准备含氟硅氧烷处理液:将五氟苯基三乙氧基硅烷、1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟十二基三乙氧基硅烷、无水乙醇和水按照体积比为2:3:150:100混合均匀后备用;
将氧化硅介孔材料与含氟硅氧烷处理液按照重量体积投料比为2g:10mL进行搅拌反应20min后,静置浸泡3h,然后过滤、洗涤、烘干得到表面具有疏水层的介孔材料;
(2)亲水处理:
准备端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液:将N-氨乙基-3-氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷与水按照重量比为1.5:98.5投料后进行搅拌至少10min获得端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液,备用;
将表面具有疏水层的介孔材料先搅拌浸润在二乙二醇甲醚中,滤去乙二醇***后,将湿的表面具有疏水层的介孔材料投入端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液中,以干燥的表面具有疏水层的介孔材料与水解液按照重量体积投料比为0.5g:10mL进行搅拌反应30min后,静置浸泡4h,然后过滤、洗涤、烘干得到表面改性介孔材料,即所述表面改性介孔材料的结构是:以介孔材料为核,在所述核外依次包覆疏水层和亲水层。
测得本制备例表面改性介孔材料的吸水率为4.5%。
制备对比例1
本制备对比例的表面改性介孔材料的制备过程与制备例1相同,不同之处在于:步骤(1)采用正辛基三乙氧基硅烷;且步骤(2)采用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷。测得本制备对比例的表面改性介孔材料的吸水率为18.2%。
制备对比例2
本制备对比例的表面改性介孔材料的制备过程是:在真空加热炉中,将正辛基三乙氧基硅烷加热气化,使其蒸汽与介孔材料接触进行疏水改性1h;然后采用十二烷基苯磺酸钠、正己烷、水按照质量比1:0.5:20配制成亲水改性剂,将前一步疏水改性介孔材料置于过滤网制成的容器中一起浸入亲水改性剂中,疏水改性介孔材料与亲水改性剂的体积比为2:3。
实施例1
一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,称取如下重量份物料:密度为0.01g/cm3的发泡聚乳酸颗粒10份,水泥15份、石膏5份、EVA胶粉6份,粉煤灰10份,制备例1的表面改性介孔材料15份,有机硅憎水剂0.1份,将这些物料与29份水混合均匀后,加入模具中,按照称取发泡聚乳酸颗粒的体积,压缩比为2:1加压成型,并在60℃条件下保持6h,随后冷却、拆模、烘干即得到一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板。
实施例2
一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,称取如下重量份物料:密度为0.005g/cm3的发泡聚乳酸颗粒7份,水泥20份、水玻璃10份、苯丙乳液6份,海泡石5份、膨润土5份、硅微粉10份,制备例2的表面改性介孔材料10份,有机硅憎水剂0.1份、聚羧酸减水剂0.3份,将这些物料与32份水混合均匀后,加入模具中,按照称取发泡聚乳酸颗粒的体积,压缩比为1.8:1加压成型,并在60℃条件下保持6h,随后冷却、拆模、烘干即得到一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板。
实施例3
一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,称取如下重量份物料:密度为0.03g/cm3的发泡聚乳酸颗粒24份,水泥35份、灰钙20份、丙烯酸乳液8份,硅灰30份、碳酸钙10份、漂珠10份,制备例3的表面改性介孔材料5份,有机硅憎水剂0.2份、聚羧酸减水剂0.4份、纤维素醚0.02份,将这些物料与40份水混合均匀后,加入模具中,按照称取发泡聚乳酸颗粒的体积,压缩比为1.5:1加压成型,并在60℃条件下保持6h,随后冷却、拆模、烘干即得到一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板。
实施对比例1
本实施对比例的建筑保温板的组分及制备方法与实施例1相同,不同之处在于,采用的是密度为0.01g/cm3的发泡聚苯乙烯。
实施对比例2
本实施对比例的建筑保温板的组分及制备方法与实施例1相同,不同之处在于,采用的是密度为0.005g/cm3的发泡聚苯乙烯5份。
实施对比例3
本实施对比例的建筑保温板的组分及制备方法与实施例1相同,不同之处在于,采用的是未表面改性介孔材料,且加水量为62份。
实施例对比例4
本实施对比例的建筑保温板的组分及制备方法与实施例1相同,不同之处在于,采用的是制备对比例1的表面改性介孔材料,且加水量为35份。
实施例对比例5
本实施对比例的建筑保温板的组分及制备方法与实施例1相同,不同之处在于,采用的是制备对比例2的表面改性介孔材料。
对以上制备的建筑保温板按照JGT 536-2017《热固复合聚苯乙烯泡沫保温板》中测试方法测试各向性能,根据GB 8624-2012《建筑材料及制品燃烧性能分级》测试燃烧性能等级,结果见表1。
表1各案例建筑保温板性能
由表1可知,本发明的聚乳酸保温板导热系数小于0.045W/(m·k),具有较好的隔热保温效果,外观无裂纹;且抗压强度在0.4Mpa以上、抗拉强度至少0.12Mpa,具有较好的强度;另外燃烧热值较低,燃烧等级达到A2级。
实施对比例1采用的是发泡聚苯乙烯,其燃烧等级以及隔热性能较实施例1差;实施对比例2相较于实施对比例1采用的是发泡率更高的聚苯乙烯,发泡率高有助于降低其在保温板中的质量比,可有效降低燃烧热值,提高燃烧等级,但是对保温效果有一定的影响;实施对比例3采用未表面改性介孔材料,未表面改性的介孔材料对保温板的抗压强度和抗拉强度有较大影响;实施对比例4采用制备对比例1的表面改性介孔材料,对介孔材料的疏水改性与制备例1中不同,虽然同样具有较好的隔热和燃烧等级性能,但是采用本发明的疏水剂处理能使保温板具有更高的抗压强度和抗拉强度;实施对比例5采用制备对比例2的表面改性介孔材料,实施对比例5采用的是CN107266115A中技术,采用表面活性剂对疏水表面进行处理,虽然也能使表面亲水化,提高了相容性,但是表面活性剂是以物理吸附的方式吸附在疏水表面,无法有效的提高无机胶结材料与疏水气凝胶的结合力,导致所制备的板材强度较差。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,其特征在于,包括如下重量份材料混合均匀后模压成型得到:发泡聚乳酸8-15份、胶结材料25-65份、填料10-50份、表面改性介孔材料5-15份、其他助剂0.2-0.5份;
其中所述表面改性介孔材料的结构是:以介孔材料为核,在所述核外依次包覆疏水层和亲水层;所述表面改性介孔材料的吸水率小于5%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,其特征在于,所述表面改性介孔材料的获得方法是:
(1)疏水处理:将介孔材料与含氟硅氧烷处理液进行搅拌反应后静置浸泡,然后过滤、洗涤、烘干得到表面具有疏水层的介孔材料;
(2)亲水处理:将表面具有疏水层的介孔材料先在醇醚类溶剂中搅拌浸润,然后滤去所述醇醚类溶剂,将湿的表面具有疏水层的介孔材料与端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液进行搅拌反应后静置浸泡,然后过滤、洗涤、烘干得到表面改性介孔材料,即所述表面改性介孔材料的结构是:以介孔材料为核,在所述核外依次包覆疏水层和亲水层。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,其特征在于,步骤(1)中含氟硅氧烷处理液由含氟硅氧烷、乙醇和水组成;
所述含氟硅氧烷、所述乙醇和所述水的体积比为3-10:80-150:100;
所述含氟硅氧烷选自五氟苯基三甲氧基硅烷、五氟苯基三乙氧基硅烷、五氟苯基乙氧基二甲基硅烷、1H,1H,2H,2H-九氟己基三甲氧基硅烷、1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷、1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷、1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟癸基三乙氧基硅烷、1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟十二基三乙氧基硅烷、十七氟癸基三丙氧基硅烷中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液的质量浓度为1.5-2.5%,其中端氨基硅烷偶联剂选自N-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨乙基氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-氨乙基-3-氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,其特征在于,所述醇醚类溶剂选自乙二醇甲醚、乙二醇***、二乙二醇甲醚、二乙二醇***、三乙二醇***中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述介孔材料与所述含氟硅氧烷处理液的重量体积投料比为1-2g:10mL;
步骤(2)中按照表面具有疏水层的介孔材料的干燥重量与端氨基硅烷偶联剂水解液的体积的投料比为0.5-1g:10mL进行搅拌反应;步骤(1)和步骤(2)中所述搅拌反应时间为至少20min;所述静置浸泡的时间至少是2h。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,其特征在于,所述介孔材料为硅基介孔材料,孔隙率大于90%、比表面积大于200m2/g、孔径为15~30nm。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的一种含介孔材料的发泡聚乳酸建筑保温板,其特征在于,所述发泡聚乳酸的密度为0.005-0.03g/cm3;
所述胶结材料选自水泥、石膏、氧化钙、灰钙、水玻璃、硅酸钠、EVA胶粉、丙烯酸乳液、苯丙乳液、酚醛树脂、脲醛树脂、蜜胺树脂、环氧树脂中的一种或多种;
所述填料选自海泡石、膨润土、硅灰、硅微粉、粉煤灰、碳酸钙、漂珠中的一种或多种;
所述其他助剂选自纤维素醚、有机硅憎水剂、聚羧酸减水剂中的一种或多种。
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