CN117039952B - Solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid - Google Patents
Solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
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- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
- F25B27/007—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in sorption type systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/20—Optical components
- H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/42—Cooling means
- H02S40/425—Cooling means using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid. The solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid comprises: the photovoltaic heat unit is provided with a photovoltaic part, a heat storage part and a first pump body, and the first pump body is connected with the photovoltaic part and the heat storage part; the poly-generation system is provided with a heat pump electricity storage unit, an absorption refrigeration unit and an electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit; under the condition of electricity consumption valley in daytime, the photovoltaic heat unit absorbs solar energy to be converted into electric energy and heat energy, the electric energy enters the electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit, one part of the heat energy enters the absorption refrigeration unit, and the other part of the heat energy and the electric energy of the power grid enter the heat pump electricity storage unit; under the condition of power consumption peak at night, the heat pump power storage unit converts stored heat energy into electric energy and inputs the electric energy into a power grid; the photovoltaic heat unit is respectively connected with the heat pump electricity storage unit, the absorption refrigeration unit and the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit, and the heat pump electricity storage unit is connected with the power grid. The invention can realize stable incorporation of the poly-generation system into the power grid for peak shaving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of renewable energy utilization and energy storage, in particular to a solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid.
Background
At present, the global warming problem caused by excessive carbon dioxide emission has attracted great attention from countries around the world, the use of fossil energy is reduced, the application proportion of renewable energy is improved, and the reduction of carbon emission has become a main melody in the use process of energy. Solar energy is taken as a renewable energy source, has the characteristics of rich resources, cleanness, safety and the like, and is therefore becoming more and more important for people. Meanwhile, sustainability of future energy systems requires more efficient energy systems and intensive utilization of renewable energy, so polygeneration systems that can provide users with multiple energy demands have great development potential. However, solar energy itself has intermittent, fluctuating and unstable characteristics, and thus has many problems when incorporated into the grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem that a solar poly-generation system cannot be stably integrated into a power grid to carry out peak shaving.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid, comprising: the photovoltaic heat unit is provided with a photovoltaic part, a heat storage part and a first pump body, and the first pump body is connected with the photovoltaic part and the heat storage part; the multi-generation system is provided with a heat pump electricity storage unit, an absorption refrigeration unit and an electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit; when the system is in the condition of low electricity consumption, the photovoltaic heat unit absorbs solar energy and converts the solar energy into electric energy and heat energy, the electric energy enters the electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit, one part of the heat energy enters the absorption refrigeration unit, and the other part of the heat energy and the electric energy of the power grid enter the heat pump electricity storage unit; when the system is in the condition of electricity consumption peak, the heat pump electricity storage unit converts stored heat energy into electric energy and inputs the electric energy into a power grid; the photovoltaic heat unit is respectively connected with the heat pump electricity storage unit, the absorption refrigeration unit and the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit, and the heat pump electricity storage unit is connected with the power grid.
In the prior art, due to the characteristics of intermittence, volatility and instability of solar energy, a solar energy polygeneration system cannot be stably integrated into a power grid to carry out peak shaving. In order to realize stable access of the solar energy poly-generation system and a power grid, the solar energy photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on the nano fluid provided by the embodiment of the invention provides a photovoltaic heat unit capable of absorbing and converting solar energy and a poly-generation system capable of fully utilizing electric energy and heat energy which are absorbed and converted by the photovoltaic heat unit in multiple stages, and the heat pump electricity storage unit in the poly-generation system is used for completing connection with the power grid. And one part of heat energy absorbed by the photovoltaic heat unit is input into the heat pump electricity storage unit to serve as a heat source, the other part of heat energy is input into the absorption refrigeration unit to conduct absorption refrigeration, and electric energy generated by converting solar energy by the photovoltaic heat unit is input into the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit to conduct water electrolysis hydrogen production. And when electricity consumption is low in daytime, the heat pump electricity storage unit stores heat energy absorbed by the photovoltaic heat unit and electric energy in the power grid in a heat energy mode, and converts the stored heat energy into electric energy to be input into the power grid when electricity consumption is high at night.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention realizes the absorption and conversion of solar energy by arranging the photovoltaic heat unit, and simultaneously, the multi-generation system connected with the photovoltaic heat unit is arranged to finish the multi-stage utilization of solar energy, and the heat pump electricity storage unit is used for realizing the storage of heat energy converted by solar energy and electric energy in electricity consumption low-peak, and converting the stored heat energy into electric energy to be input into a power grid in electricity consumption peak, so that the stable connection of the system and the power grid is finished.
In addition, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
in the above technical scheme, the characteristics of the solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid further comprise: the light Fu Rezi system and the light Fu Rezi system are provided with an insulating frame, a metal frame, nano fluid and a photovoltaic panel, wherein the nano fluid can flow in the photovoltaic thermal unit; a light gathering member having a recess adapted for the light Fu Rezi system to be placed therein; the insulating frame is arranged outside the metal frame, the nano fluid is arranged in the metal frame, and the photovoltaic panel is arranged in the insulating frame outside the metal frame.
Through setting up light Fu Rezi system in the recess of spotlight piece, improved the efficiency of absorbing solar energy, through setting up the nanofluid in the metal frame of light Fu Rezi system, improved heat transfer ability, and then strengthened heat transfer effect and thermal-arrest efficiency.
In the above technical scheme, the characteristics of the solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid further comprise: the first heat storage tank is connected with the photovoltaic part in a two-way, and a first pump body is arranged in the direction connecting to the photovoltaic part; the auxiliary heater is connected with the first heat storage tank; the first heat storage tank is connected with the heat pump electricity storage unit in a two-way mode, and an auxiliary heater is arranged in the direction connected to the heat pump electricity storage unit.
Through setting up first heat storage jar and linking to each other with photovoltaic portion, realized absorbing thermal storage to the nanofluid to through set up auxiliary heater in the direction that first heat storage jar was connected to heat pump electricity storage unit, realized the maintenance to first heat storage jar exit temperature, and then balanced solar energy intermittent type nature and volatility to the influence of system.
In the above technical scheme, the characteristics of the solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid further comprise: the heat pump circulation subsystem is provided with a first evaporator, a compressor, a first condenser and a first throttle valve; the first evaporator is connected with the auxiliary heater, the first evaporator is connected with the first condenser in a two-way mode, the compressor is connected with the power grid and arranged in the direction of the first evaporator connected with the first condenser, and the first throttle valve is arranged in the direction of the first condenser connected with the first evaporator.
The heat pump circulation subsystem is connected with the heat storage part, the heat absorbed by the photovoltaic heat unit is fully utilized, the evaporation temperature of the first evaporator of the heat pump circulation subsystem is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the outlet temperature of the compressor is also increased, so that the heat pump circulation subsystem can store more heat, and the heat pump circulation subsystem adopts water as a heat storage medium, so that the cost is low and the heat pump circulation subsystem is easy to obtain.
In the above technical scheme, the characteristics of the solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid further comprise: the organic Rankine cycle subsystem is provided with a second evaporator, a turbine, a superheated steam cooler, a second condenser and a second pump body; the second evaporator is in bidirectional connection with the second condenser, the turbine is connected with the power grid, the second pump body is connected with the second condenser and the second evaporator, the turbine is connected with the second evaporator and the second condenser, and the superheated steam cooler is arranged between the turbine and the second condenser.
Through setting up turbine and second evaporimeter and electric wire netting and link to each other, realized the conversion and the transportation of heat energy of storing when the power consumption peak, improved the round trip efficiency of power storage system, simultaneously through setting up the superheated steam cooler, provided the user with the domestic hot water that produces in the power generation process, realized the multistage utilization to the energy, further improved the stability that system and electric wire netting are connected.
In the above technical scheme, the characteristics of the solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid further comprise: the heat storage subsystem is provided with a plurality of second heat storage tanks, a plurality of cold storage tanks, a third pump body, a fourth pump body and a plurality of pressure detectors; the plurality of pressure detectors are respectively arranged on the plurality of second heat storage tanks and the plurality of cold storage tanks, and the third pump body and the fourth pump body are connected with the plurality of second heat storage tanks and the plurality of cold storage tanks.
The heat pump electricity storage unit has the advantages that the heat pump electricity storage unit is stored by arranging the second heat storage tank and the cold storage tank, and the energy storage and release are monitored and automatically realized by arranging the pressure detector, the third pump body and the fourth pump body, so that the system efficiency is improved.
In the above technical scheme, the characteristics of the solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid further comprise: the heat pump circulation subsystem is connected with the organic Rankine cycle subsystem through the heat storage subsystem; the first condenser and the second evaporator are connected with the plurality of second heat storage tanks and the plurality of cold storage tanks, the plurality of second heat storage tanks and the second evaporator are connected with the third pump body, and the plurality of cold storage tanks and the first condenser are connected with the fourth pump body.
The heat storage subsystem is connected with the heat pump circulation subsystem and the organic Rankine cycle subsystem, so that energy circulation inside the heat pump electricity storage unit is realized, and the efficiency of the heat pump electricity storage unit is improved by utilizing solar energy absorbed by the photovoltaic heat unit.
In the above technical scheme, the characteristics of the solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid further comprise: the generator is connected with the photovoltaic heat unit in a bidirectional way; the third condenser is connected with the generator; the liquid heat exchanger is connected with the generator in a bidirectional way; the absorber is connected with the solution heat exchanger in a bidirectional way, a second throttle valve is arranged in the direction connected with the absorber, and a fifth pump body is arranged in the direction connected with the solution heat exchanger; and the evaporator is connected with the third condenser and the absorber, and a third throttle valve is arranged in the direction of connecting the third condenser to the evaporator.
The absorption and utilization of heat in the photovoltaic heat unit are realized through the arrangement of the generator and the third condenser, and the circulation inside the absorption refrigeration unit is realized through the arrangement of the absorber, the evaporator and the solution heat exchanger, so that the multistage utilization of solar energy is completed.
In the above technical scheme, the characteristics of the solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid further comprise: the electricity storage device is connected with the photovoltaic heat unit; the electrolytic tank is connected with the electricity storage device; the hydrogen storage tank is connected with the electrolytic tank; the oxygen separator is connected with the electrolytic tank in a bidirectional way; and the heater is connected with the electrolytic tank.
The storage of the electricity generated by the photovoltaic heat unit is completed through the arrangement of the electricity storage device, the electrolysis of water is realized through the arrangement of the heater and the electrolytic tank, the storage of hydrogen and the recycling of the discharge of oxygen to water are completed through the arrangement of the hydrogen storage tank and the oxygen separator, the multi-stage utilization of solar energy is realized, the carbon discharge is reduced, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
In the above technical scheme, the characteristics of the solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid further comprise: the electric storage device is connected with the auxiliary heater, and when the temperature of the outlet of the first heat storage tank is reduced, the auxiliary heater heats the outlet of the first heat storage tank; wherein, the electric energy in the electric storage device can enter the auxiliary heater.
The auxiliary heater is connected with the electricity storage device, so that the influence of solar energy intermittence, fluctuation and instability on the system is further reduced, and the running stability of the system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system structure of a solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid, which is provided by the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100: a photovoltaic thermal unit; 110: a photovoltaic section; 111: a light Fu Rezi system; 112: an insulating frame; 113: a metal frame; 114: a nanofluid; 115: a photovoltaic panel; 116: a light-gathering member; 120: a heat storage section; 121: a first heat storage tank; 122: an auxiliary heater; 130: a first pump body; 200: a heat pump electricity storage unit; 210: a heat pump cycle subsystem; 211: a first evaporator; 212: a compressor; 213: a first condenser; 214: a first throttle valve; 220: an organic rankine cycle subsystem; 221: a second evaporator; 222: a turbine; 223: a superheated steam desuperheater; 224: a second condenser; 225: a second pump body; 230: a heat storage subsystem; 231: a second heat storage tank; 232: a cold storage tank; 233: a third pump body; 234: a fourth pump body; 235: a pressure detector; 300: an absorption refrigeration unit; 310: a generator; 320: a third condenser; 330: a solution heat exchanger; 340: an absorber; 350: a second throttle valve; 360: a fifth pump body; 370: an evaporator; 380: a third throttle valve; 400: a hydrogen production unit by electrolyzing water; 410: an electricity storage device; 420: an electrolytic cell; 430: a hydrogen storage tank; 440: an oxygen separator; 450: a heater.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The following describes technical solutions of some embodiments of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 2.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system including: the photovoltaic thermal unit 100, the photovoltaic thermal unit 100 is provided with a photovoltaic part 110, a heat storage part 120 and a first pump body 130, and the first pump body 130 is connected with the photovoltaic part 110 and the heat storage part 120; a poly-generation system provided with a heat pump electricity storage unit 200, an absorption refrigeration unit 300 and an electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit 400; when the system is in the low electricity consumption condition, the photovoltaic heat unit 100 absorbs solar energy and converts the solar energy into electric energy and heat energy, the electric energy enters the electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit 400, one part of the heat energy enters the absorption refrigeration unit, and the other part of the heat energy and the electric energy of the power grid enter the heat pump electricity storage unit 200; when the system is in the condition of electricity consumption peak, the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 converts stored heat energy into electric energy to be input into a power grid; the photovoltaic heat unit 100 is respectively connected with the heat pump electricity storage unit 200, the absorption refrigeration unit 300 and the electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit 400, and the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 is connected with a power grid.
In the prior art, due to the characteristics of intermittence, volatility and instability of solar energy, a solar energy polygeneration system cannot be stably integrated into a power grid to carry out peak shaving.
In order to realize stable access of the solar energy poly-generation system and the power grid, the solar energy photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on the nano fluid provided by the embodiment of the invention provides the photovoltaic heat unit 100 capable of absorbing and converting solar energy and the poly-generation system capable of fully utilizing the electric energy and the heat energy absorbed and converted by the photovoltaic heat unit 100 in multiple stages, and the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 in the poly-generation system is used for completing connection with the power grid. Wherein, a part of heat energy absorbed by the photovoltaic heat unit 100 is input into the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 as a heat source, and another part of heat energy is input into the absorption refrigeration unit 300 for absorption refrigeration, and the electric energy generated by converting solar energy by the photovoltaic heat unit 100 is input into the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit 400 for water electrolysis hydrogen production. And the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 stores the heat energy absorbed by the photovoltaic heat unit 100 and the electric energy in the electric grid in a heat energy manner during the daytime electricity consumption valley, and converts the stored heat energy into the electric energy to be input into the electric grid during the night electricity consumption peak.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention realizes the absorption and conversion of solar energy by arranging the photovoltaic heat unit 100, and meanwhile, the multi-generation system connected with the photovoltaic heat unit 100 is arranged to complete the multi-stage utilization of solar energy, and the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 is used for realizing the storage of heat energy converted by solar energy and electric energy in electricity consumption low-peak, and converting the stored heat energy into electric energy to be input into a power grid in electricity consumption peak, so that the stable connection of the system and the power grid is completed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system, which further includes the following technical features in addition to the technical features of the above embodiment.
The solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid of the embodiment is further characterized in that: a light Fu Rezi system 111, wherein an insulating frame 112, a metal frame 113, a nanofluid 114 and a photovoltaic panel 115 are arranged in the light Fu Rezi system 111, wherein the nanofluid 114 can flow inside the photovoltaic thermal unit 100; light collector 116, light collector 116 having a recess adapted for light Fu Rezi system 111 to be placed therein; the insulating frame 112 is disposed outside the metal frame 113, the nanofluid 114 is disposed in the metal frame 113, and the photovoltaic panel 115 is disposed in the insulating frame 112 outside the metal frame 113.
Specifically, in the embodiments provided herein, the photovoltaic section 110 of the photovoltaic thermal unit 100 is comprised of a plurality of light Fu Rezi systems 111 and light concentrators 116. Wherein, the light Fu Rezi system 111 is provided with a metal frame 113 with a through hole, an insulating frame 112 is arranged outside the metal frame 113, a photovoltaic panel 115 is arranged in the insulating frame 112 outside the metal frame 113, and is arranged on the metal frame 113 through an adhesive, and a glass cover is arranged on the other side of the photovoltaic panel 115 through the adhesive. Wherein the nanofluid 114 is disposed inside the metal frame 113 and is capable of flowing inside the plurality of light Fu Rezi systems 111 through the through-holes on the metal frame 113. The light Fu Rezi is solar energy and stores heat energy in the nano fluid, and the heat energy is converted into electric energy through a photovoltaic panel. At the same time, the light Fu Rezi system 111 is disposed in the recess of the light concentrator 116, through which recess of the light concentrator 116 the sunlight is concentrated on the light Fu Rezi system 111.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the metal frame 113 is made of aluminum metal or aluminum alloy, and the nano particles in the nano fluid 114 are mainly Al 2O3 and/or SiO 2 and/or TiO 2 and/or CuO, etc.
In this embodiment, the efficiency of absorbing solar energy is improved by disposing the light Fu Rezi system 111 in the groove of the light collector 116, and the heat exchanging capability is improved by disposing the nanofluid 114 in the metal frame 113 of the light Fu Rezi system 111, so that the heat exchanging effect and the heat collecting efficiency are further enhanced.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system, which further includes the following technical features in addition to the technical features of the foregoing embodiment.
The solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid of the embodiment is further characterized in that: the first heat storage tank 121, the first heat storage tank 121 is connected with the photovoltaic part 110 in two directions, and a first pump body 130 is arranged in the direction connecting to the photovoltaic part 110; an auxiliary heater 122, the auxiliary heater 122 being connected to the first heat storage tank 121; the first heat storage tank 121 is connected to the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 in both directions, and an auxiliary heater 122 is provided in a direction connecting to the heat pump electricity storage unit 200.
Preferably, in the embodiment provided by the present invention, the heat storage part 120 of the photovoltaic thermal unit 100 is formed by connecting the first heat storage tank 121 and the auxiliary heater 122. The first heat storage tank 121 is connected with the photovoltaic part 110 in two directions, and a first pump body 130 is arranged on a channel of the first heat storage tank 121 connected with the photovoltaic part 110, and the nanofluid 114 losing heat energy in the first heat storage tank 121 is re-input into the light Fu Rezi system 111 through the first pump body 130. The first heat storage tank 121 is connected with the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 in a bidirectional manner, and an auxiliary heater 122 is arranged at the outlet of the first heat storage tank 121 connected to the heat pump electricity storage unit 200, and the stability of the temperature of the outlet of the first heat storage tank 121 is maintained through the auxiliary heater 122.
In this embodiment, by arranging the first heat storage tank 121 to be connected with the photovoltaic part 110, the storage of the heat absorbed by the nanofluid 114 is realized, and by arranging the auxiliary heater 122 in the direction in which the first heat storage tank 121 is connected to the heat pump electricity storage unit 200, the maintenance of the outlet temperature of the first heat storage tank 121 is realized, and the influence of solar energy intermittence and fluctuation on the system is balanced.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system, which further includes the following technical features in addition to the technical features of the foregoing embodiment.
The solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid of the embodiment is further characterized in that: a heat pump cycle subsystem 210, the heat pump cycle subsystem 210 being provided with a first evaporator 211, a compressor 212, a first condenser 213 and a first throttle valve 214; the first evaporator 211 is connected to the auxiliary heater 122, the first evaporator 211 is connected to the first condenser 213 in two directions, the compressor 212 is connected to the power grid and is disposed in a direction in which the first evaporator 211 is connected to the first condenser 213, and the first throttle valve 214 is disposed in a direction in which the first condenser 213 is connected to the first evaporator 211.
Preferably, in the embodiment provided by the present invention, the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 is provided with a heat pump circulation subsystem 210. The heat pump cycle 210 is formed by bi-directionally connecting a first evaporator 211 and a first condenser 213, wherein a compressor 212 is provided on a path connecting the first evaporator 211 to the first condenser 213, and a first throttle valve 214 is provided on a path connecting the first condenser 213 to the first evaporator 211. The first evaporator 211 is connected to the first heat storage tank 121 in two directions, the compressor 212 is connected to the power grid, and the compressor 212 can work by using the electric energy in the power grid when the electricity is used in the valley.
In the heat pump cycle subsystem 210, the heat source temperature provided by the first heat storage tank 121 is T1, the heat storage temperature is T2, the ambient temperature is T3, and T2 > T1 > T3, and comparing and calculating according to the calculation formula of the round trip efficiency, it can be known that when solar energy is adopted as the heat source, the round trip efficiency of the electric storage system 200 is significantly improved compared with the case that the heat source temperature is equal to the ambient temperature, and can reach even more than 100%.
In this embodiment, the heat pump circulation subsystem 210 is connected to the heat storage portion 120, so that the heat absorbed by the photovoltaic heat unit 100 is fully utilized, the evaporation temperature of the first evaporator 211 of the heat pump circulation subsystem 210 is significantly increased, and the outlet temperature of the compressor 212 is also increased, so that the heat pump circulation subsystem 210 can store more heat, and the heat pump circulation subsystem 210 uses water as a heat storage medium, so that the cost is low and the heat pump circulation subsystem is easy to obtain.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system, which further includes the following technical features in addition to the technical features of the foregoing embodiment.
The solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid of the embodiment is further characterized in that: the organic Rankine cycle subsystem 220, wherein the organic Rankine cycle subsystem 220 is provided with a second evaporator 221, a turbine 222, a superheated steam cooler 223, a second condenser 224 and a second pump body 225; the second evaporator 221 is connected with the second condenser 224 in a bidirectional manner, the turbine 222 is connected with a power grid, the second pump 225 is connected with the second condenser 224 and the second evaporator 221, the turbine 222 is connected with the second evaporator 221 and the second condenser 224, and the superheated steam cooler 223 is arranged between the turbine 222 and the second condenser 224.
Specifically, the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 is further provided with an organic rankine cycle subsystem 220. The organic rankine cycle subsystem 220 is formed by two-way connection of a second evaporator 221 and a second condenser 224, wherein a turbine 222 is arranged on a path of the second evaporator 221 connected to the second condenser 224, a superheated steam cooler 223 is arranged between the turbine 222 and the second condenser 224, and a second pump body 225 is arranged on a path of the second condenser 224 connected to the second evaporator 221. The turbine 222 is connected to a power grid, and when electricity is high, the second evaporator 221 absorbs the stored heat and generates electricity through the turbine 222 to be transmitted into the power grid, and the superheated steam passing through the outlet of the turbine 222 passes through the superheated steam cooler 223 to generate hot water for a user to use.
In this embodiment, the turbine 222 is connected to the second evaporator 221 and the power grid, so that the conversion and transportation of the stored heat energy during the peak of electricity consumption are realized, the round trip efficiency of the electricity storage system is improved, and meanwhile, the superheated steam cooler 223 is arranged to provide domestic hot water generated in the electricity generation process for the user, so that the multistage utilization of energy is realized, and the connection stability of the system and the power grid is further improved.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system, which further includes the following technical features in addition to the technical features of the foregoing embodiment.
The solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid of the embodiment is further characterized in that: the heat storage subsystem 230, wherein the heat storage subsystem 230 is provided with a plurality of second heat storage tanks 231, a plurality of cold storage tanks 232, a third pump body 233, a fourth pump body 234 and a plurality of pressure detectors 235; the plurality of pressure detectors 235 are respectively disposed on the plurality of second heat storage tanks 231 and the plurality of cold storage tanks 232, and the third pump body 233 and the fourth pump body 234 connect the plurality of second heat storage tanks 231 and the plurality of cold storage tanks 232.
Preferably, in the embodiment provided by the present invention, the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 is further provided with a heat storage subsystem 230. The heat storage subsystem 230 is provided with a second heat storage tank 231 and a cold storage tank 232 which are connected in a bidirectional manner, and pressure detectors 235 are respectively arranged on the second heat storage tank 231 and the cold storage tank 232, wherein a third pump body 233 is arranged on a path connected to the cold storage tank 232, and a fourth pump body 234 is arranged on a path connected to the second heat storage tank 231.
In this embodiment, the second heat storage tank 231 and the cold storage tank 232 are provided to store the energy in the heat pump electricity storage unit 200, and the pressure detector 235, the third pump body 233 and the fourth pump body 234 are provided to monitor and automate the energy storage and release, so that the efficiency of the system is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system, which further includes the following technical features in addition to the technical features of the foregoing embodiment.
The solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid of the embodiment is further characterized in that: the heat pump cycle subsystem 210 is connected to the organic rankine cycle subsystem 220 through the heat storage subsystem 230; the plurality of second heat storage tanks 231 and the plurality of cold storage tanks 232 are connected with the first condenser 213 and the second evaporator 221, the third pump body 233 is connected with the plurality of second heat storage tanks 231 and the second evaporator 221, and the fourth pump body 234 is connected with the plurality of cold storage tanks 232 and the first condenser 213.
Preferably, in the embodiment provided by the invention, the first evaporator 211 absorbs heat in the first heat storage tank 121 to raise the inlet temperature of the compressor 212, meanwhile, the compressor 212 uses electric energy in the electricity consumption valley of the power grid to do work, and the heat of the high-temperature gas at the outlet of the compressor 212 is stored in the second heat storage tank 231 through the first condenser 213, and the cold energy is stored in the cold storage tank 232. At the time of peak electricity consumption, the second evaporator 221 absorbs the heat stored in the second heat storage tank 231 and generates electricity through the turbine 222 to be input into the power grid.
The isentropic efficiency of the compressor 212 is 0.8, the isentropic efficiency of the turbine 222 is 0.85, the isentropic efficiency of each pump body is 0.7 when the ambient temperature is 30 ℃ and the heat storage temperature is 100 ℃, the round trip efficiency of the heat pump power storage unit 200 is 31.54% when the heat source temperature is equal to the ambient temperature, and the round trip efficiency of the heat pump power storage unit 200 is 69.43% when solar energy is used as the heat source, and compared with the two, the round trip efficiency can be improved by about 120% when solar energy is used as the heat source.
In this embodiment, the heat storage subsystem 230 is connected to the heat pump cycle subsystem 210 and the organic rankine cycle subsystem 220, so that energy circulation inside the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 is realized, and the efficiency of the heat pump electricity storage unit 200 is improved by utilizing solar energy absorbed by the photovoltaic heat unit 100.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system, which further includes the following technical features in addition to the technical features of the foregoing embodiment.
The solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid of the embodiment is further characterized in that: the generator 310, the generator 310 is connected with the photovoltaic thermal unit 100 in two directions; a third condenser 320, the third condenser 320 being connected to the generator 310; the solution heat exchanger 330, the solution heat exchanger 330 is connected with the generator 310 in two directions; the absorber 340, the absorber 340 is connected with the solution heat exchanger 330 in two directions, and is provided with a second throttle valve 350 in the direction connecting to the absorber 340, and is provided with a fifth pump body 360 in the direction connecting to the solution heat exchanger 330; the evaporator 370, the evaporator 370 connects the third condenser 320 and the absorber 340, and a third throttle valve 380 is provided in a direction in which the third condenser 320 is connected to the evaporator 370.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the solution having a certain concentration in the generator 310 absorbs the heat from the photovoltaic thermal unit 100 to evaporate most of the low boiling point refrigerant in the solution, and the refrigerant enters the third condenser 320 to be condensed into liquid, and then enters the evaporator 370 through the third throttle valve 380, the cold generated in the process is delivered to the user for use, and in the absorber 340, the remaining solution in the generator 310 is mixed with the low pressure steam flowing out of the evaporator 370, returns to the initial concentration, and is input into the generator 310 through the solution heat exchanger 330.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the solution in the absorption refrigeration unit 300 is selected to be lithium bromide aqueous solution and/or lithium chloride aqueous solution and/or ammonia solution, etc. The paths of the generator 310 and the photovoltaic heat unit 100 are both provided with three-way plug valves, and when the absorption refrigeration unit 300 stops operating, the outlet close to the absorption refrigeration unit 300 is closed, and when the absorption refrigeration unit 300 operates, the outlet is opened.
In the present embodiment, the absorption and utilization of heat in the photovoltaic thermal unit 100 are achieved by providing the generator 310 and the third condenser 320, and the circulation inside the absorption refrigeration unit 300 is achieved by providing the absorber 340, the evaporator 370 and the solution heat exchanger 330, thereby completing the multi-stage utilization of solar energy.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system, which further includes the following technical features in addition to the technical features of the foregoing embodiment.
The solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid of the embodiment is further characterized in that: the electricity storage device 410, the electricity storage device 410 is connected with the photovoltaic thermal unit 100; an electrolytic cell 420, the electrolytic cell 420 being connected to the electricity storage device 410; a hydrogen storage tank 430, the hydrogen storage tank 430 being connected to the electrolytic cell 420; the oxygen separator 440, the oxygen separator 440 is connected with the electrolytic tank 420 in two directions; a heater 450, the heater 450 being connected to the electrolytic cell 420.
Preferably, in the embodiment provided by the invention, water enters the electrolyzer 420 after being heated by the heater 450, the water is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen in the electrolyzer 420 by the electric quantity generated by the photovoltaic thermal unit 100 stored in the electric storage device 410, wherein the generated hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage tank 430 for storage, the rest of water in the electrolyzer 420 and the oxygen enter the oxygen separator 440 together, then the oxygen is discharged into the atmosphere, and the water flows into the electrolyzer 420 for electrolysis.
In this embodiment, the storage of electricity generated by the photovoltaic thermal unit 100 is completed by setting the electricity storage device 410, the electrolysis of water is realized by setting the heater 450 and the electrolyzer 420, the storage of hydrogen and the recycling of water by discharging oxygen are completed by setting the hydrogen storage tank 430 and the oxygen separator 440, the multi-stage utilization of solar energy is realized, the carbon emission is reduced, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system, which further includes the following technical features in addition to the technical features of the foregoing embodiment.
The solar photovoltaic heat poly-generation system based on nanofluid of the embodiment is further characterized in that: the electric storage device 410 is connected to the auxiliary heater 122, and when the outlet temperature of the first heat storage tank 121 is lowered, the auxiliary heater 122 heats the outlet of the first heat storage tank 121; wherein electrical energy in the electrical storage device 410 may enter the auxiliary heater 122.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary heater 122 is connected to the electric storage device 410, so as to prevent the heat source temperature from being reduced due to the unpredictability of solar radiation and the failure of the device, and the electric energy in the electric storage device 410 can be used for maintaining the outlet temperature of the first heat storage tank 121 by the auxiliary heater 122.
In the present embodiment, the connection between the auxiliary heater 122 and the electricity storage device 410 further reduces the influence of solar energy intermittence, fluctuation and instability on the system, and improves the stability of the system operation.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system, characterized in that the nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system comprises:
A photovoltaic thermal unit (100), wherein the photovoltaic thermal unit (100) is provided with a photovoltaic part (110), a heat storage part (120) and a first pump body (130), and the first pump body (130) is connected with the photovoltaic part (110) and the heat storage part (120);
A polygeneration system provided with a heat pump electricity storage unit (200), an absorption refrigeration unit (300) and an electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit (400);
When the system is in a low electricity consumption condition, the photovoltaic heat unit (100) absorbs solar energy and converts the solar energy into electric energy and heat energy, the electric energy enters the electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit (400), one part of the heat energy enters the absorption refrigeration unit, and the other part of the heat energy and the electric energy of the electric network enter the heat pump electricity storage unit (200);
When the system is in a power consumption peak condition, the heat pump power storage unit (200) converts stored heat energy into electric energy and inputs the electric energy into the power grid;
The photovoltaic heat unit (100) is respectively connected with the heat pump electricity storage unit (200), the absorption refrigeration unit (300) and the electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit (400), and the heat pump electricity storage unit (200) is connected with the power grid.
2. The nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system of claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic portion of the photovoltaic thermal unit comprises:
A plurality of light Fu Rezi systems (111), each light Fu Rezi system (111) being provided with an insulating frame (112), a metal frame (113), a nanofluid (114) and a photovoltaic panel (115), the nanofluid (114) being flowable inside the photovoltaic thermal unit (100);
A light collector (116), the light collector (116) having a recess adapted for the light Fu Rezi system (111) to be placed in;
The photovoltaic device comprises a metal frame (113), an insulating frame (112) and a nanofluid (114), wherein the insulating frame (112) is arranged outside the metal frame (113), the nanofluid (114) is arranged in the metal frame (113), and the photovoltaic panel (115) is arranged in the insulating frame (112) outside the metal frame (113).
3. The nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system of claim 1, wherein the thermal storage of the photovoltaic-thermal unit comprises:
the first heat storage tank (121) is connected with the photovoltaic part (110) in a two-way, and a first pump body (130) is arranged in the direction connected to the photovoltaic part (110);
-an auxiliary heater (122), the auxiliary heater (122) being connected to the first heat storage tank (121);
The first heat storage tank (121) is connected with the heat pump electricity storage unit (200) in a two-way mode, and the auxiliary heater (122) is arranged in the direction connected to the heat pump electricity storage unit (200).
4. The nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system of claim 3, wherein the heat pump electricity storage unit comprises:
A heat pump cycle subsystem (210), the heat pump cycle subsystem (210) being provided with a first evaporator (211), a compressor (212), a first condenser (213) and a first throttle valve (214);
The first evaporator (211) is connected with the auxiliary heater (122), the first evaporator (211) is connected with the first condenser (213) in a two-way mode, the compressor (212) is connected with the power grid and arranged in the direction that the first evaporator (211) is connected to the first condenser (213), and the first throttle valve (214) is arranged in the direction that the first condenser (213) is connected to the first evaporator (211).
5. The nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system of claim 4, wherein the heat pump electricity storage unit further comprises:
An organic Rankine cycle subsystem (220), wherein the organic Rankine cycle subsystem (220) is provided with a second evaporator (221), a turbine (222), a superheated steam cooler (223), a second condenser (224) and a second pump body (225);
The second evaporator (221) is in bidirectional connection with the second condenser (224), the turbine (222) is connected with the power grid, the second pump body (225) is connected with the second condenser (224) and the second evaporator (221), the turbine (222) is connected with the second evaporator (221) and the second condenser (224), and the superheated steam cooler (223) is arranged between the turbine (222) and the second condenser (224).
6. The nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system of claim 5, wherein the heat pump electricity storage unit further comprises:
a heat storage subsystem (230), wherein the heat storage subsystem (230) is provided with a plurality of second heat storage tanks (231), a plurality of cold storage tanks (232), a third pump body (233), a fourth pump body (234) and a plurality of pressure detectors (235);
The pressure detectors (235) are respectively arranged on the second heat storage tanks (231) and the cold storage tanks (232), and the third pump body (233) and the fourth pump body (234) are connected with the second heat storage tanks (231) and the cold storage tanks (232).
7. The nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system of claim 6, wherein,
The heat pump cycle subsystem (210) is connected with the organic Rankine cycle subsystem (220) through the heat storage subsystem (230);
The plurality of second heat storage tanks (231) and the plurality of cold storage tanks (232) are connected with the first condenser (213) and the second evaporator (221), the third pump body (233) is connected with the plurality of second heat storage tanks (231) and the second evaporator (221), and the fourth pump body (234) is connected with the plurality of cold storage tanks (232) and the first condenser (213).
8. The nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system of claim 1, wherein the absorption refrigeration unit further comprises:
-a generator (310), the generator (310) being bi-directionally connected with the photovoltaic thermal unit (100);
-a third condenser (320), said third condenser (320) being connected to said generator (310);
A solution heat exchanger (330), the solution heat exchanger (330) being bi-directionally coupled to the generator (310);
The absorber (340) is connected with the solution heat exchanger (330) in a two-way, a second throttle valve (350) is arranged in the direction connected with the absorber (340), and a fifth pump body (360) is arranged in the direction connected with the solution heat exchanger (330);
and an evaporator (370), wherein the evaporator (370) connects the third condenser (320) and the absorber (340), and a third throttle valve (380) is arranged in the direction that the third condenser (320) is connected to the evaporator (370).
9. The nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system of claim 3, wherein the electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit further comprises:
-an electrical storage device (410), the electrical storage device (410) being connected with the photovoltaic thermal unit (100);
-an electrolysis cell (420), the electrolysis cell (420) being connected to the electricity storage means (410);
A hydrogen storage tank (430), the hydrogen storage tank (430) being connected to the electrolysis cell (420);
an oxygen separator (440), the oxygen separator (440) is connected with the electrolytic tank (420) in two directions;
-a heater (450), said heater (450) being connected to said electrolysis cell (420).
10. The nanofluid-based solar photovoltaic-thermal poly-generation system according to claim 9, characterized in that the electricity storage device (410) is connected to the auxiliary heater (122), the auxiliary heater (122) heating the outlet of the first heat storage tank (121) when the outlet temperature of the first heat storage tank (121) decreases;
wherein electrical energy in the electrical storage device (410) may enter the auxiliary heater (122).
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