CN117023693A - Multistage granular active coke adsorption tower - Google Patents
Multistage granular active coke adsorption tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN117023693A CN117023693A CN202311000355.6A CN202311000355A CN117023693A CN 117023693 A CN117023693 A CN 117023693A CN 202311000355 A CN202311000355 A CN 202311000355A CN 117023693 A CN117023693 A CN 117023693A
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- active coke
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- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 217
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 44
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
The multistage granular active coke adsorption tower comprises a tower body, a lifting unit, a material distribution unit, an adsorption detection unit and a control device, wherein the lifting unit discharges granular active coke in the tower body; the material distribution unit fills the granular active coke into the tower body and comprises a feeding bin and a plurality of level separation plates, wherein the feeding bin comprises a first bin body, a second bin body and a third bin body which are sequentially communicated, the third bin body is in a spiral shape, a second material outlet is formed in a spiral wall of one side of the third bin body, which is close to the level separation plates, and a first material outlet is formed at one end, far away from the second bin body; the multi-level partition plates are arranged in the tower body from top to bottom and divide the granular active coke in the tower body into a plurality of levels; the adsorption detection unit monitors adsorption conditions of particle active coke at different levels in the tower body and sends detection data to the control device; the control device realizes the feeding, water inlet and discharging operation of the adsorption tower, judges the adsorption condition of the particle active coke according to the detection data of the adsorption detection unit, and determines the Jiao Tihuan level of the particle activity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a multistage granular active coke adsorption tower.
Background
The active coke is an adsorbent prepared from natural coal and other materials through high-temperature treatment, has extremely high specific surface area and adsorption capacity, and can effectively adsorb pollutants such as organic matters, heavy metal ions and the like in wastewater. Therefore, activated coke is widely used in the treatment of wastewater.
With the rapid development of industrial enterprises, the gravity center of wastewater treatment is no longer municipal wastewater, and the treatment difficulty is far greater than that of municipal wastewater, especially industrial wastewater treated independently due to the variety and the complex components of the industrial wastewater. The active coke adsorption method is increasingly widely applied to wastewater treatment in the face of pollution caused by industrial wastewater.
The existing active coke adsorption tower for water treatment can not judge the adsorption uniformity of active coke and the blocking condition of adsorption tower plates during the adsorption operation, and granular active coke can not be replaced or treated when the overflow water quality of an equal water outlet is abnormal, so that the stability of water treatment can not be ensured. In addition, the active coke to be replaced cannot be accurately replaced according to the adsorption condition of the granular active coke, and the granular active coke cannot be fully utilized.
Currently, fixed bed adsorption towers are widely used: the structure of the fixed bed activated carbon adsorption tower can be one tower, or a plurality of towers which are connected in parallel or in series, and the operation can be intermittent or switched. To prevent clogging of the filter layer of the apparatus, backwashing is periodically performed. The fixed bed is also in the most adsorption form in water treatment, has the advantages of simplicity, low cost and convenient use, but the adsorption branch is usually 0.8-1.5 m, the effective adsorption time is short, the adsorption time is short, and the occupied area of the device is large; the height-diameter ratio is low, the adsorption concentration difference is not reflected, the total amount of adsorbed organic matters is less, and the method is only suitable for removing a small amount of organic matters; saturated adsorption cannot be achieved, and the activated carbon needs to be replaced integrally when adsorbed to about 50%, so that accurate saturated replacement cannot be achieved.
The fluidized bed activated carbon adsorption device adopted in the water purification is widely used at present, and the advanced treatment of sewage is rarely used at present. Smaller activated particles of 8-30 mesh are typically used as the adsorbent material, and because of the smaller particle size of the activated carbon in the fluidized bed, the activated carbon in the upper layer of the column and the water entering from the bottom of the column are sufficiently agitated to increase the surface area of carbon in contact with water, so that a small amount of carbon can be used to treat more water without back flushing, lower pretreatment requirements and continuous operation. However, the particle size distribution of the packed activated carbon determines the height of the static and fluidized layers, and the operating requirements are relatively high; the friction among materials is more, the suspended matters in the effluent are more, and the subsequent treatment difficulty is high; the amount of carbon is small, and the total amount of removed organic matters is limited.
Accordingly, the problems of the prior art are to be further improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) object of the invention: in order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multistage adsorption tower for improving the adsorption rate of active carbon and accurately replacing the active carbon.
(II) technical scheme: in order to solve the technical problems, the technical proposal provides a multistage granular active coke adsorption tower which comprises a tower body, a lifting unit, a distributing unit, an adsorption detection unit and a control device, wherein the tower body provides a containing space for water treatment and comprises a water inlet, a water distributor, a water outlet and an overflow weir,
The lifting unit lifts the granular active coke in the tower body and discharges the granular active coke out of the tower body;
the material distribution unit fills granular active coke into the tower body and comprises a feeding bin and a plurality of level separators, wherein the feeding bin comprises a first bin body, a second bin body and a third bin body which are sequentially communicated, the third bin body is spiral, a second material outlet is formed in a spiral wall, close to one side of the level separators, of the third bin body, and one end, far away from the second bin body, of the third bin body is provided with a first material outlet; the plurality of layer separators are arranged in the tower body from top to bottom and divide the granular active coke in the tower body into a plurality of layers;
the adsorption detection unit monitors adsorption conditions of granular active coke at different levels in the tower body and sends detection data to the control device;
the control device is respectively connected with the lifting unit, the distribution unit and the adsorption detection unit, realizes feeding, water inlet and discharging operation of the adsorption tower, judges the adsorption condition of the particle active coke according to detection data of the adsorption detection unit, and determines the particle activity Jiao Tihuan level.
The diameter of one end, close to the second bin, of the third bin body is smaller than that of one end, far away from the second bin body, of the third bin body, and the diameter of the third bin body is increased along with the increase of the distance between the third bin body and the second bin body.
The multistage granular active coke adsorption tower is characterized in that a feeding opening is formed in the center of one end, far away from the ground, of the tower body, an active coke feeding opening capable of being opened and closed is formed in the overflow weir, the feeding opening corresponds to the active coke feeding opening, and the diameter of the active coke feeding opening is larger than that of one end, far away from the second bin, of the third bin.
The multistage granular active coke adsorption tower is characterized in that a bin adjusting device is arranged at one end, far away from the tower body, of the first bin body, and the bin adjusting device is used for adjusting the vertical position of the feeding bin.
The multistage granular active coke adsorption tower, wherein the hierarchical separator comprises a first net disc, a plurality of supporting machines, a regulating piece and a second net disc, the first net disc and the second net disc are respectively net structures,
the first net plate is fixed on the supporting machines, the second net plate is arranged on one side of the supporting machine connected with the first net plate through the regulating and controlling piece, the supporting machine regulates and controls the vertical positions of the first net plate and the second net plate, and the regulating and controlling piece regulates the mesh diameter of the first net plate and the second net plate after being combined.
The multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower is characterized in that meshes of the first net disk and the second net disk correspond to each other, the diameter of the mesh is larger than or equal to the diameter of granular active coke, and the diameter of the mesh is smaller than twice the diameter of the granular active coke.
The multistage granular active coke adsorption tower comprises a supporting machine, wherein the supporting machine comprises a mass sensor, the mass sensor transmits the mass of granular active coke on a corresponding level partition plate to the control device in real time, and the control device controls the size of the combined meshes of the second net disc and the first net disc according to the received mass of granular active coke on the corresponding level partition plate.
The multistage particle active coke adsorption tower is characterized in that the adsorption detection unit is arranged in a groove on the side wall of the tower body and comprises an adsorbent and an acquisition body, wherein the adsorbent is used for adsorbing impurities in a water body to be treated, and the acquisition body is used for carrying out picture acquisition on the adsorption condition of the adsorbent.
The multistage granular active coke adsorption tower is characterized in that the adsorption body is a cylinder with uniformly and densely distributed adsorption holes on the surface;
the collecting body comprises a collecting shell and a plurality of collecting devices, the collecting shell is made of transparent materials and is provided with a fixing ring, and the adsorbing body is placed in the fixing ring to form an integrated structure with the collecting body; the plurality of acquisition devices are correspondingly arranged according to the level of the particle active coke, and each acquisition device respectively carries out picture acquisition on the adsorbers corresponding to different particle activities Jiao Cengji.
The multistage granular active coke adsorption tower is characterized in that a lifting device is arranged at one end, far away from the ground, of the adsorption body, and the lifting device is used for enabling the adsorption body to move up and down in the vertical direction so as to clean impurities adsorbed on the surface of the adsorption body.
(III) beneficial effects: the multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower provided by the invention adopts a spiral feeding bin and a multi-stage feeding mode to feed granular active coke, so that the crushing rate of granular active coke during feeding is reduced; the adsorption state of the granular active coke is monitored, the granular active coke to be replaced is accurately discharged and replaced, and the utilization rate of the granular active coke and the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption tower are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multistage granular active coke adsorption tower according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed bin of the multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the hierarchical separator structure of the multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second tray structure of a hierarchical separator of a multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adsorption detection unit of the multistage granular active coke adsorption tower of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the control device and each component of the multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower of the present invention;
100-tower body; 101-a water inlet; 102-a water outlet; 103-a water distributor; 104-compressed air interface; 105-waste discharge port; 106-overflow weir; 107-vent; 108-a discharge port; 200-granular active coke; 201-a first bin; 202-a second bin; 203-a third bin; 204-level separator plates; 2041-a first net tray; 2042 a second net tray; 2043-a first mount; 2044-mass sensor; 2045-compressing the spring; 2046-a second mount; 2047-drive gear; 2048-spindle; 2049 a rotary motor; 210-a feeding bin; 301-an adsorbent; 302-collecting a shell; 303-an acquisition device; 304-a retaining ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and more details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but it will be apparent that the present invention can be embodied in many other forms than described herein, and that those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations and deductions depending on the actual application without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention in the context of this particular embodiment.
The drawings are schematic representations of embodiments of the invention, it being noted that the drawings are by way of example only and are not drawn to scale and should not be taken as limiting the true scope of the invention.
The multistage granular active coke adsorption tower develops high tower adsorption by utilizing a concentration gradient curve principle, wherein an effective adsorption layer of the adsorption tower is more than 8 meters, the whole adsorption tower is designed into a high-thin mode, and in particular, the height-diameter ratio of the adsorption tower is more than or equal to 2:1, maximally 3:1, thereby ensuring that the effluent water is stable and reaches the standard, and the saturation of the active coke can be more than 90 percent.
As shown in fig. 1, a multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower includes a tower body 100, a lifting unit, a distributing unit, an adsorption detecting unit, and a control device. The tower body 100 provides a receiving space for water treatment. The lifting unit lifts the granular activated coke 200 in the tower body 100 and discharges it out of the tower body 100 or performs a back flushing operation thereon. The material distribution unit realizes that the granular active coke 200 enters the tower body 100 with low breakage rate, and the granular active coke 200 entering the tower body 100 is arranged in a layered manner. The adsorption detection unit monitors and judges the granular activated coke 200 at different levels in the tower body 100, and determines the adsorption level of the granular activated coke 200 at the corresponding level. The control device realizes the control of feeding, water inflow, discharging and the like of the adsorption tower, judges the adsorption condition of the granular active coke 200, determines the replacement level of the granular active coke 200 and realizes the replacement/updating of the granular active coke 200.
The tower body 100 can be set to be a cylinder, and the height-diameter ratio of the tower body 100 is equal to or greater than 2:1, most preferably 3:1, a granular active coke 200 is arranged in the tower body 100 as an adsorption layer, and the granular active coke 200 is arranged in the middle of the tower body 100 in the vertical direction and is used for carrying out adsorption treatment on a water body to be treated entering the adsorption tower. At this time, the thickness of the granular active coke 200 is greater than 8 meters.
The tower body 100 at one end of the granular active coke 200 far away from the ground is provided with an overflow weir 106, and the side wall of the tower body 100 at one side of the overflow weir 106 close to the granular active coke 200 is provided with a water inlet 101 and a water outlet 102. A water distributor 103 is arranged in the tower body 100 at one end of the granular active coke 200, which is close to the ground, and the water distributor 103 is connected with the water inlet 101 through a water distribution pipeline. When the water inlet 101 is communicated with the wastewater to be treated, the wastewater to be treated is distributed in the tower body 100 through the water distributor 103, the water to be treated passes through the granular activated coke 200 to obtain purified water, and when the liquid level of the purified water reaches the overflow weir 106, the purified water overflows along the water outlet 102.
The lifting unit comprises a lifting channel arranged outside the tower body 100, a compressed air interface 104 arranged on the side wall of the tower body 100 and a waste discharge opening 105. The lifting channel is connected with a vacuum pump and is connected with the compressed air interface 104, the compressed air interface 104 is arranged on a side wall of one end of the tower body 100 close to the ground, and more specifically, the horizontal position of the compressed air interface 104 is located at a plane part where the first level of the granular active coke 200 is located. The plane of the waste discharge port 105 is arranged below the overflow weir 106, and the plane of the water outlet 102 is arranged above. The waste discharge port 105 is provided with a waste discharge valve, and the water outlet 102 is provided with a water inlet valve.
The inlet of the lifting channel is arranged at the bottom of the granular active coke 200 filled in the tower body, the outlet of the lifting channel is arranged on the top of the granular active coke 200 filled in the tower body 100, the granular active coke lifting channel is connected with a vacuum pump, and the granular active coke is lifted by utilizing negative pressure.
The distributing unit comprises a feeding bin and a plurality of level clapboards 204, wherein the feeding bin guides the granular active coke 200 with a low breakage rate at a feeding hole into the tower body 100. The plurality of level dividers 204 divide the granular activated coke 200 within the tower body 100 into a plurality of levels. The plurality of level separators 204 divide the granular activated coke 200 in the tower body 100 into a first level, a second level, a third level, and a fourth level … … according to distances from the feed inlet, the number of the level separators 204 is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and here, 3 level separators 204 are taken as an example:
the plurality of level separators 204 are sequentially a first level separator, a second level separator, and a third level separator according to the distance from the feed inlet. The first level of the granular active coke is arranged between one end of the tower body close to the ground and the first level partition board, the second level of the granular active coke is arranged between the first level partition board and the second level partition board, the third level of the granular active coke is arranged between the second level partition board and the third level partition board, and the fourth level … … of the granular active coke is arranged on one side of the third level partition board close to the feed inlet
In the adsorption process of the granular activated coke 200, impurities in the water body to be treated sequentially pass through the granular activated coke 200 of the first level, the second level, the third level and the fourth level, and then flow out of the adsorption tower through the water outlet 102 under the action of the overflow weir 106.
As shown in fig. 2, the feeding bin includes a first bin body 201, a second bin body 202, and a third bin body 203, one end of the first bin body 201 is a feeding hole, the other end is connected with the second bin body 202, one end of the second bin body 202, which is far away from the first bin body 201, is connected with the third bin body 203, and one end of the third bin body 203, which is far away from the second bin body 202, is in an open structure, which is called a first discharging hole.
The first bin body 201 guides the granular active coke entering the feeding hole into the second bin body 202, the second bin body 202 guides the granular active coke of the first bin body 201 into the third bin body 203, and ensures the position adjustment of the feeding bin in the vertical direction, and the third bin body 203 guides the granular active coke into the space of the fourth level and buffers the descending speed of the granular active coke.
The tower body 100 is provided with a feeding opening at the center far away from the ground, the overflow weir 103 is provided with an openable active coke feeding opening, and the feeding opening corresponds to the active coke feeding opening. When the granular activated coke 200 is fed, the feeding bin at least places the third bin 203 vertically below the overflow weir 106, i.e., on the side of the overflow weir 106 near the ground, through the feeding opening and the activated coke feed opening. The feeding bin between the feeding opening and the active coke feeding opening is a second bin 202, and the first bin 201 is disposed vertically above the tower body 100, i.e. outside the feeding opening. The height of the second bin 202 is greater than the distance between the feed opening and the active coke feed opening. One end of the first bin 201, which is far away from the tower body 100, is provided with a bin adjusting device, and the bin adjusting device is used for adjusting the vertical position of the feeding bin. The bin adjusting device can be an adjusting support rod or a lifting device, and is not particularly limited herein.
When the granular activated coke 200 is introduced into the tower body 100, the feeding bin may take out the tower body 100, or may lift the feeding bin in a direction away from the ground, so that one end of the third bin 203 of the feeding bin, which is away from the first bin 201, is disposed on one side of the overflow weir 106, which is away from the ground, that is, the feeding bin is disposed above the overflow weir 106.
If the feeding bin is disposed above the overflow weir 106 after the introduction of the granular activated coke 200 is completed, the diameter of the activated coke feeding opening is greater than the maximum diameter of the third bin 203, and the diameter of the feeding opening is greater than the diameter of the second bin 202, so as to ensure the adjustment of the lowest position of the feeding bin in the vertical direction. At this time, the tower body 100 is far away from the outer wall of one end of the ground and is provided with an adjusting support rod, one end of the adjusting support rod is fixed on the outer arm of the tower body, the other end of the adjusting support rod is fixed on one surface of the first bin 201, which is close to the tower body 100, the adjusting support rod is connected with the control device, and the control device controls the length of the support rod, so that the adjustment of the vertical position of the feeding bin is realized.
If the feeding bin takes out the tower body 100 after the introduction of the granular activated coke 200 is completed, the diameters of the feeding opening and the activated coke feeding opening are respectively larger than the maximum diameter of the third bin body 203, so that the feeding bin is ensured to take out the tower body 100. At this time, the outer wall of the first bin 201 may be provided with a lifting ring, and a lifting device is disposed above the lifting ring, and is connected with the feeding bin through a lifting rope, and the lifting device takes out or puts the feeding bin into the tower body 100. The lifting device is connected with the control device, and the control device controls the lifting device to take out or put the feeding bin into the tower body 100.
When the granular activated coke 200 is required to be introduced into the tower body 100, the activated coke feed inlet may be opened, the feeding bin may be moved downward in a vertical direction by the adjusting support rod, so that the third bin 203 may be disposed below the overflow weir 106, or the feeding bin may be disposed in the tower body 100 by the lifting device, and the third bin 203 may be disposed below the overflow weir 106. After the feeding of the granular active coke is completed, the adjusting support rod moves the feeding bin upwards in the vertical direction, so that the third bin 203 is arranged above the overflow weir 106, or the lifting device takes the feeding bin out of the tower body 100, and then the active coke feeding opening is closed. It may also be: the tower body above the overflow weir 106 is in an open structure, the overflow weir 103 is detachable, when the granular active coke 200 is required to be introduced into the tower body 100, the overflow weir 103 can be taken out of the tower body 100, and after the granular active coke is fed, the overflow weir 103 is installed into the tower body 100.
The whole first bin 201 is linear, and the included angle between the first bin 201 and the horizontal plane is larger than 0 degree, and the included angle between the first bin 201 and the horizontal plane is preferably 30-60 degrees.
The second bin 202 may be in a spiral shape in a vertical (parallel to the tower body) direction, or may be in a vertical column structure, and the overall diameter of the second bin 202 is equal to the diameter of the end, connected to the third bin 203, of the second bin 202.
The third bin 203 is spiral in the vertical direction (parallel to the tower body), and has a diameter near the end of the second bin 202 smaller than that of the end far from the second bin 202, and the diameter of the third bin 203 increases with the distance between the third bin 203 and the second bin 202.
The first bin 201, the second bin 202 and the third bin 203 are hollow structures, and the internal spaces are communicated.
The end, far away from the second bin body 202, of the third bin body 203 is in an open structure, which is called a first discharge hole, second discharge holes are uniformly distributed on the spiral wall of one side, close to the ground, of the third bin body 203, and 2-9 second discharge holes are preferably arranged. The second discharge port quantitatively discharges the granular active coke in the third bin 203, and the first discharge port completely discharges the residual granular active coke in the third bin 203.
During feeding, the granular active coke enters the feeding bin through a feeding hole at one end of the first bin body 201, which is far away from the second bin body 202, and then enters the third bin body 203 after sequentially passing through the first bin body 201 and the second bin body 202. The granular activated coke in the third bin 203 continues to roll along the feeding bin, and falls onto the level separator 204 in the tower body 100 through the second discharge port or the first discharge port of the third bin 203.
As shown in fig. 3, the hierarchical separator 204 includes a first net tray 2041, a plurality of supporters, a tuning element, and a second net tray 2042. The first net plate 2041 is fixed on the supporting machines, the first net plate 2041 is arranged above the supporting machines, and the second net plate 2042 is arranged on one side of the first net plate 2041 connected with the supporting machines through the regulating and controlling piece. The supporting machine regulates and controls the vertical positions of the first net plate 2041 and the second net plate 2042, and the regulating and controlling device regulates and combines the first net plate 2041 and the second net plate 2042 to realize the control of whether the granular active coke passes through the level partition 204. The number of the supporting machines is an integer greater than or equal to 3.
The first mesh plate 2041 has a mesh structure, and the mesh diameter is equal to or larger than the diameter of the granular active coke and smaller than twice the diameter of the granular active coke.
The support machine includes a first stationary base 2043, a mass sensor, a compression spring, and a second stationary base 2046. The first fixing base 2043 is fixed on one side of the first net plate 2041 close to the ground, and is close to the edge of the side wall of the tower body. The first fixing base 2041 is provided with a mass sensor 2044 at one end far away from the first net disc 2041, the mass sensor 2044 is connected with the control device, and the connection mode of the mass sensor 2044 can be wireless connection or wired connection, and it should be noted that the mass sensor 2044 transmits the mass of the particle active coke on the corresponding level separator to the control device in real time without specific limitation. The control device controls the size of the combined meshes of the second net plate 2042 and the first net plate 2041 according to the received quality of the granular active coke on the corresponding level partition plate, and places the granular active coke on the corresponding level partition plate on the level partition plate below the level partition plate. Preferably, the capacity of the granular active coke of each level is equal, or the capacity of the granular active coke of the lower level is a multiple of the capacity of the granular active coke of the upper level, so that the control device determines that the filling of the granular active coke in the corresponding level of the lower level partition is completed according to the times that the granular active coke is placed on the lower level partition by the upper level partition.
The mass sensor 2044 is far away from one end of the first fixing seat 2043 and is provided with a compression spring 2045, when the mass of the granular active coke on the level partition plate is increased, the compression spring 2045 is in a compressed state, at the moment, the distance between the current level partition plate and the level partition plate below the vertical level partition plate is reduced, and the crushing rate is reduced when the granular active coke on the level partition plate is placed on the level partition plate below the level partition plate. The compression spring 2045 may be replaced by a telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is connected with a control device, and the control device controls the telescopic rod to shrink according to the received quality data sent by the quality sensor 2044 corresponding to the level partition board, and after the granule active coke on the level partition board is placed on the level partition board below the level partition board, the control device controls the corresponding telescopic rod to reset (extend).
A second fixing seat 2046 is fixed at one end of the compression spring 2045 away from the first fixing seat 2043, and the second fixing seat 2046 is placed on the first net plate 2041 of the level partition below the level partition. The inner wall of the tower body 100 may be provided with a placing table, one end of the compression spring 2045 away from the first fixing seat 2043 is disposed on the placing table, the placing table includes a plurality of groups, the number of the groups is the same as the number of the level partitions, and each group of placing tables is in the same horizontal plane. The number of each group of placing tables is the same as the number of the level diaphragm support machines, and the position of each placing table in each group of placing tables corresponds to the position of the level diaphragm support machines so as to ensure that the compression spring 2045 of each level diaphragm is correspondingly placed on the placing table.
The second net plate 2042 is fixed on the supporting machine through the regulating and controlling piece, and the distance between the first net plate 2041 and the second net plate 2042 is larger than zero and smaller than the diameter of the particle active coke. Specifically, the adjusting and controlling member is fixed on one side of the first fixing base 2043 away from the sidewall of the tower body 100, and one end of the adjusting and controlling member, which is close to the first net plate 2041, contacts with the edge of the sidewall of the second net plate 2042.
As shown in fig. 4, the second mesh plate 2042 has a mesh structure with a mesh diameter equal to or larger than the diameter of the granular active coke and smaller than twice the diameter of the granular active coke, and the meshes of the first mesh plate 2041 and the second mesh plate 2042 correspond to each other. The edge of the second net plate 2042 is provided with gear teeth in a direction parallel to the tower body, as shown in fig. 4. The center positions of the first net plate 2041 and the second net plate 2042 may be provided with perforations, and the water distribution pipeline passes through the perforations to be connected with the water distributor 103. One end of the water distribution pipeline, which is close to the feeding bin, is vertically below the lowest position of the feeding bin.
The control includes a rotary motor 2049 and a drive gear 2047. The rotating motor 2049 is fixed on one side of the first fixing seat 2043 away from the side wall of the tower body 100, and a driving gear 2047 is disposed on a rotating shaft 2048 of the rotating motor 2049. The gear teeth on the driving gear 2047 correspond to and mesh with the gear teeth of the second mesh plate 2042. When the rotating motor 2049 drives the driving gear 2047 to rotate, the driving gear 2047 drives the second net plate 2042 to rotate, so that the size of the combined meshes of the first net plate 2041 and the second net plate 2042 is adjusted, and whether the granular active coke passes through the level partition plate is controlled.
As shown in fig. 5, the adsorption detection unit includes an adsorbent 301 and a collector, the adsorbent 301 is used for adsorbing impurities in a water body to be treated, and the collector collects and monitors the adsorption condition of the adsorbent 301. The length of the adsorbent 301 is equal to or greater than the sum of the heights of all the layers in the adsorption tower, and the length of the collector is equal to or greater than the length of the adsorbent 301.
The adsorbent 301 is preferably a cylinder, and the surface of the adsorbent is uniformly and densely provided with adsorption holes, and the diameter of the adsorption holes is less than 5mm, so as to adsorb impurities in the water body to be treated. One end of the adsorbing body 301 is provided with a lifting device, and the lifting device is used for taking out/putting the adsorbing body 301 into the adsorption tower, or the adsorbing body 301 can move up and down in the vertical direction through the lifting device, so that impurities adsorbed on the surface of the adsorbing body 301 can be cleaned. The adsorbent 301 may be marked with scale marks, the number of the specific scale marks is the same as the number of the level partitions, and when the adsorbent 301 is placed in the adsorption tower, the scale marks on the adsorbent 301 are respectively on the same horizontal plane with the corresponding level partitions.
The collection body comprises a collection shell 302 and a plurality of collection devices 303, the collection shell 302 is provided with a fixed ring 304, and the adsorption body 301 is placed in the fixed ring 304, so that the adsorption body 301 and the collection body form an integrated structure. The number of the fixing rings 304 is an integer greater than or equal to 1, preferably 2-3 fixing rings 304 are provided, and the fixing rings 304 are uniformly distributed on the collecting housing 302. The collecting shell is made of transparent materials and can be specifically made of toughened glass.
The acquisition device 303 is disposed on an inner wall of the acquisition housing 302 opposite to the acquisition body, and ensures that the acquisition device 303 acquires data of the acquisition body direction. The collecting device 303 is connected with the control device respectively, and may be wired connection or wireless connection, and may specifically be a photographing device, where the photographing device photographs the surface picture of the adsorbent 301 and sends the photographed surface picture to the control device, and the control device determines the adsorption level of the particle active coke according to the surface picture of the adsorbent 301. At this time, the camera of the photographing device faces the adsorbing body 301.
The collection device 303 may be disposed corresponding to the level partition 204, or may be disposed corresponding to the level of the granular active coke, which is not particularly limited herein. The present invention is described by taking the configuration of the collection device 303 according to the level correspondence of the granular activated coke 200 as an example: the collection devices 303 are sequentially arranged on the inner walls of the collection housing 302 and the collection body, when the adsorption detection unit is arranged in the adsorption tower, the collection devices 303 correspond to different levels of the particle active coke 200, namely, the collection devices 303 are positioned on central axes of two adjacent scale marks of the adsorption body 301, so that each collection device 303 collects the surface picture of the particle active coke 200 corresponding to the level adsorption body 301. At this time, the number of the collection devices 303 is equal to the number of the particle active coke 200 levels. The plurality of acquisition devices respectively comprise a light supplementing machine, so that the visibility of the acquisition devices during image acquisition is ensured.
It should be noted that the collecting body of the adsorption detection unit is adjacent to the tower body 100, and the adsorbing body 301 is far away from the tower body 100, that is, the adsorbing body 301 is adjacent to the granular activated coke 200, so as to ensure that the adsorbing body 301 contacts with water bodies to be treated in different levels.
The side wall of the tower body 100, which is close to one end of the ground, is respectively provided with an emptying port 107 and a discharge port 108, the emptying port 107 is used for discharging water in the tower body 100, and the discharge port 108 is used for cleaning out granular active coke in the tower body 100. The vent 107 is provided with a vent valve, and the discharge port 108 is provided with a discharge valve.
The control device comprises a central processing unit, a water purifying control unit, a cloth control unit, an adsorption control unit and an input unit, as shown in fig. 6. The input unit is used for inputting control commands, and the central processing unit coordinates each control unit to send out coordination commands, so that the operation of the adsorption tower is ensured. The water purification control unit is connected with the water inlet valve and the active coke feed inlet and is used for controlling and realizing the water purification operation of the adsorption tower. The material distribution control unit is connected with the bin adjusting device, the level partition plate and the lifting unit and is used for completing feeding or discharging of granular active coke in the adsorption tower. The adsorption control unit is connected with the acquisition device and the lifting device, determines the adsorption saturation of the corresponding level particle active coke according to the adsorption condition of the adsorbent, and cleans impurities on the surface of the adsorbent 301.
When the adsorption tower needs to be started, an administrator inputs a feeding command through the input unit. And the central processing unit sends a feeding command to the cloth control unit according to the feeding command.
The material distribution control unit controls the opening of the active coke feeding port of the overflow weir 106, and controls the bin adjusting device to adjust the vertical position of the feeding bin, or the feeding bin is arranged in the tower body 100, so that the lowest position of the feeding bin is arranged below the overflow weir 106 and above the level partition plate farthest from the ground.
After the position adjustment of the feeding bin is completed, the display unit of the control device can prompt an administrator to feed, and the administrator starts to fill the granular active coke into the feeding port of the first bin body 201. The control device can also be connected with a device containing granular active coke, and the central controller of the control device controls the device containing granular active coke to fill the granular active coke into the feed inlet after the position of the feed bin is adjusted.
After the granular active coke 200 entering the feeding hole flows along the first bin body 201 and the second bin body 202 and reaches the third bin body 203, part of the granular active coke 200 falls into the space of the fourth level through the second discharging hole of the third bin body 203, and part of the granular active coke 200 falls into the space of the fourth level through the first discharging hole of the third bin body 203. The granular active coke 200 enters the adsorption tower through the second discharge port of the third bin body 203 with the spiral structure, so that the active coke 200 accumulation caused when the granular active coke 200 is discharged only through the first discharge port is avoided. In addition, the spiral structure of the feeding bin reduces the falling speed of the granular active coke, reduces the breakage rate of the granular active coke when filling, and meanwhile, the level partition 204 divides the tower body 100 into a plurality of levels, so that the influence on the adsorption effect of the adsorption tower due to the fact that the distance between the granular active coke 200 and the bottom of the tower body 100 is too large when filling is avoided.
And when the mass sent by the mass sensor of the third-level separator to the control device is larger than a first mass threshold, the central controller sends a release command of the third-level separator particle active coke to the cloth control unit. The cloth control unit controls the rotation motor 2049 of the third-stage separator to rotate, and the driving gear 2047 of the third-stage separator drives the second net plate 2042 of the third-stage separator to rotate, so that the meshes of the second net plate 2042 of the third-stage separator are overlapped with the meshes of the first net plate 2041 of the third-stage separator, and at the moment, the active coke of the particles of the third-stage separator falls down to the second-stage separator through the meshes of the first net plate 2041 of the third-stage separator and the second net plate 2042 of the third-stage separator. At this time, the mass sent from the mass sensor of the third-stage separator to the control device is smaller than the second mass threshold, and the cloth control unit controls the rotation motor 2049 of the third-stage separator to rotate reversely, so that the meshes of the second mesh plate 2042 of the third-stage separator are not in a superposed state with the meshes of the first mesh plate 2041 of the third-stage separator.
And when the mass sent to the control device by the mass sensor of the second-level partition plate is larger than a first mass threshold, the central controller sends a release command of the second-level partition plate particle active coke to the cloth control unit. The cloth control unit controls the rotation motor 2049 of the second-level separator to rotate, and the driving gear 2047 of the second-level separator drives the second net plate 2042 of the second-level separator to rotate, so that the meshes of the second net plate 2042 of the second-level separator are overlapped with the meshes of the first net plate 2041 of the second-level separator, and at the moment, the second-level separator particle active coke falls down onto the first-level separator through the meshes of the first net plate 2041 of the second-level separator and the second net plate 2042 of the second-level separator. At this time, the mass of the second-stage separator sent to the control device by the mass sensor is smaller than the second mass threshold, and the cloth control unit controls the rotation motor 2049 of the second-stage separator to rotate reversely, so that the meshes of the second net plate 2042 of the second-stage separator are not in a superposed state with the meshes of the first net plate 2041 of the second-stage separator.
When the mass sent to the control device by the mass sensor of the first-level partition is larger than a first mass threshold, the central controller sends a release command of the active coke of the first-level partition particles to the cloth control unit. The cloth control unit controls the rotation motor 2049 of the first-level separator to rotate, and the driving gear 2047 of the first-level separator drives the second net plate 2042 of the first-level separator to rotate, so that the meshes of the second net plate 2042 of the first-level separator are overlapped with the meshes of the first net plate 2041 of the first-level separator, and at this time, the active coke of the first-level separator particles falls to the bottom of the tower body 100 (i.e. the end of the tower body close to the ground) through the meshes of the first net plate 2041 of the first-level separator and the second net plate 2042 of the first-level separator. At this time, the mass sent from the mass sensor of the first-stage separator to the control device is smaller than the second mass threshold, and the cloth control unit controls the rotation motor 2049 of the first-stage separator to rotate reversely, so that the meshes of the second mesh plate 2042 of the first-stage separator are not overlapped with the meshes of the first mesh plate 2041 of the first-stage separator.
Taking the example that the particle active coke capacity of each particle active coke level is equal, when the number of times that the central controller sends the release command of the particle active coke of the third-level partition plate to the distribution control unit reaches three, and the mass sent by the mass sensor of the third-level partition plate to the control device is larger than a first mass threshold, the control device sends the completion of feeding to the display unit, and an administrator stops the discharging operation of the particle active coke containing device. Or a central controller of the control device controls the device containing the granular active coke to stop filling the granular active coke into the feed inlet.
At the moment, the feeding of the granular active coke of the adsorption tower is completed, and the central processing unit controls the distribution control unit to send a distribution completion command. The material distribution control unit controls the bin adjusting device to reset the feeding bin, or closes the active coke feeding opening of the overflow weir 106 after the tower body 100 is taken out.
The central controller sends a water purifying command to the water purifying control unit, or after the active coke feed inlet of the overflow weir 106 is closed, the display unit of the control unit displays the completion, and the administrator inputs the water purifying command through the input unit.
The water purification control unit controls the water inlet valve to be opened, and water to be treated enters the tower body 100 along a water distribution pipeline through the water distributor 103. After the water body to be treated sequentially passes through the granular active coke of the first level, the second level, the third level and the fourth level, the water body reaches the overflow weir 106 and is discharged out of the adsorption tower through a water outlet.
The adsorption tower is in the water purification process, the acquisition body of tower body 100 lateral wall recess is shot to the adsorption body. The acquisition device sends acquired adsorbent pictures to the control device in real time, the central processing unit analyzes the pictures acquired by each acquisition device, and when the coverage rate of adsorbent impurities in the acquired pictures acquired by the acquisition device exceeds a third coverage threshold, the central processing unit determines the replacement level of the particle active coke according to the level corresponding to the acquisition device corresponding to the acquired pictures.
The determination of the coverage rate of the adsorbent by the central controller may be determined according to the change of the pixel value of the adsorbent, specifically, when the difference between the pixel where the adsorbent 301 is located in the picture and the pixel value at the initial time of adsorption start is greater than the fourth pixel threshold, the adsorbent in the pixel point is covered by the impurity.
The central processing unit sends a material changing command of a target level to the material distribution control unit according to the replacement level of the granular active coke, and the material distribution control unit controls the level separator below the highest level in the replacement level to respectively adjust the meshes of the corresponding second net disc 2042 and the meshes of the first net disc 2041 to be in a overlapped state. Meanwhile, the central processing unit sends a water inlet stopping command to the water purifying control unit, and the water purifying control unit controls the water inlet valve to be closed. The cloth control unit controls the lifting unit to lift the granular active coke to be replaced and discharge the granular active coke out of the tower body 100.
After the granular activated coke to be replaced is discharged from the tower body 100, the central processing unit sends a feeding command to the cloth control unit, and the specific process is the same as that of feeding operation performed by the central processing unit according to the feeding command, which is not described in detail herein. It should be noted that, because the concentration gradient curve principle is utilized to realize the adsorption treatment of the granular active coke on the water body to be treated, the closer the granular active coke is to the water distributor 103 in the adsorption process, the more impurities are adsorbed by the granular active coke, so that the replacement level of the granular active coke starts from the first level upwards. When the granular active coke to be replaced is discharged out of the tower body 100 and a feeding command is performed, the central processing unit determines the times that the feeding quality of the fifth-stage separator reaches the first quality threshold according to the grade number of the discharged granular active coke, so that the feeding quantity is ensured.
After the granule active coke feeding is completed, the central controller sends an adsorbent purifying command to the adsorption control unit, and the adsorption control unit controls the lifting device to drive the adsorbent 301 to move up and down in the vertical direction so as to purify impurities on the surface of the adsorbent 301. The adsorbent 301 may be removed from the tower body 100 to clean the adsorbent 301.
The multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower can be further provided with a back flushing unit for cleaning granular active coke at the bottom of the tower body 100. The cleaned granular activated coke 200 is added onto the third-stage separator, and at this time, the operation of each stage separator is the same as the operation of distributing the material, and the activated coke on each stage separator is discharged to the next stage separator.
The first quality threshold value, the second quality threshold value, the third coverage threshold value and the fourth pixel threshold value are preset values and can be input through the input unit.
The multistage granular active coke adsorption tower adopts a spiral feeding bin and a multistage feeding mode to feed granular active coke, so that the broken materials during feeding of granular active coke are reduced, and the adsorption efficiency is improved. In addition, the adsorption state of the particle active coke can be monitored, the particle active coke to be replaced is accurately discharged and replaced, the utilization rate of the particle active coke is improved, the adsorption work pause time caused by replacing the particle active coke is reduced, and the work efficiency of the adsorption tower is improved.
The foregoing is a description of a preferred embodiment of the invention to assist those skilled in the art in more fully understanding the invention. However, these examples are merely illustrative, and the present invention is not to be construed as being limited to the descriptions of these examples. It should be understood that, to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, several simple deductions and changes can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and these should be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The multistage granular active coke adsorption tower is characterized by comprising a tower body, a lifting unit, a distributing unit, an adsorption detection unit and a control device, wherein the tower body provides a containing space for water treatment and comprises a water inlet, a water distributor, a water outlet and an overflow weir,
the lifting unit lifts the granular active coke in the tower body and discharges the granular active coke out of the tower body;
the material distribution unit fills granular active coke into the tower body and comprises a feeding bin and a plurality of level separators, wherein the feeding bin comprises a first bin body, a second bin body and a third bin body which are sequentially communicated, the third bin body is spiral, a second material outlet is formed in a spiral wall, close to one side of the level separators, of the third bin body, and one end, far away from the second bin body, of the third bin body is provided with a first material outlet; the plurality of layer separators are arranged in the tower body from top to bottom and divide the granular active coke in the tower body into a plurality of layers;
The adsorption detection unit monitors adsorption conditions of granular active coke at different levels in the tower body and sends detection data to the control device;
the control device is respectively connected with the lifting unit, the distribution unit and the adsorption detection unit, realizes feeding, water inlet and discharging operation of the adsorption tower, judges the adsorption condition of the particle active coke according to detection data of the adsorption detection unit, and determines the particle activity Jiao Tihuan level.
2. The multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the end of the third bin adjacent to the second bin is smaller than the diameter of the end distant from the second bin, and the diameter of the third bin increases with increasing distance from the third bin to the second bin.
3. The multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower of claim 2, wherein a feeding opening is arranged at the center of one end of the tower body far away from the ground, an openable active coke feeding opening is arranged on the overflow weir, the feeding opening corresponds to the active coke feeding opening, and the diameter of the active coke feeding opening is larger than that of one end of the third bin body far away from the second bin body.
4. The multi-stage granular activated coke adsorption tower of claim 1, wherein the end of the first bin body remote from the tower body is provided with a bin adjustment device for adjusting the vertical position of the feed bin.
5. The multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower of claim 1, wherein the hierarchical separator comprises a first net tray, a plurality of supporting machines, a regulating member and a second net tray, wherein the first net tray and the second net tray are respectively net structures,
the first net plate is fixed on the supporting machines, the second net plate is arranged on one side of the supporting machine connected with the first net plate through the regulating and controlling piece, the supporting machine regulates and controls the vertical positions of the first net plate and the second net plate, and the regulating and controlling piece regulates the mesh diameter of the first net plate and the second net plate after being combined.
6. The multi-stage granular activated coke adsorption tower according to claim 5, wherein the meshes of the first mesh tray and the second mesh tray correspond to each other and have a diameter equal to or larger than the diameter of the granular activated coke and smaller than twice the diameter of the granular activated coke.
7. The multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower of claim 5, wherein the support machine comprises a mass sensor, the mass sensor transmits the mass of the granular active coke on the corresponding level separator to the control device in real time, and the control device controls the size of the combined meshes of the second mesh disc and the first mesh disc according to the received mass of the granular active coke on the corresponding level separator.
8. The multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption detection unit is arranged in the groove on the side wall of the tower body and comprises an adsorbent and a collector, the adsorbent is used for adsorbing impurities in a water body to be treated, and the collector is used for collecting pictures of adsorption conditions of the adsorbent.
9. The multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower of claim 8, wherein the adsorbent is a cylinder with uniformly and densely distributed adsorption holes on the surface;
the collecting body comprises a collecting shell and a plurality of collecting devices, the collecting shell is made of transparent materials and is provided with a fixing ring, and the adsorbing body is placed in the fixing ring to form an integrated structure with the collecting body; the plurality of acquisition devices are correspondingly arranged according to the level of the particle active coke, and each acquisition device respectively carries out picture acquisition on the adsorbers corresponding to different particle activities Jiao Cengji.
10. The multi-stage granular active coke adsorption tower of claim 8, wherein a lifting device is arranged at one end of the adsorbent far away from the ground, and the lifting device is used for enabling the adsorbent to move up and down in the vertical direction so as to clean impurities adsorbed on the surface of the adsorbent.
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