CN1170043C - 外墙外保温板及其施工方法 - Google Patents

外墙外保温板及其施工方法 Download PDF

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CN1170043C
CN1170043C CNB018030645A CN01803064A CN1170043C CN 1170043 C CN1170043 C CN 1170043C CN B018030645 A CNB018030645 A CN B018030645A CN 01803064 A CN01803064 A CN 01803064A CN 1170043 C CN1170043 C CN 1170043C
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铭 张
张铭
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
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    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种外墙外保温板及其施工方法，它包括聚苯或聚胺酯或聚乙烯发泡保温板，其特征在于：所述保温板的单面或双面开设有网格状凹槽，且所述凹槽内嵌设有加强筋。本发明由于在网格状凹槽中设置了加强筋，使保温板的粘贴更牢固。同时，还可以在保温板上设置玻璃纤维网格增强层、聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂保护层、装饰性或保护性面层等。本发明既可以在施工现场制作，也可以在工厂内通过机械化生产出成型板材。本发明可以广泛用于建筑行业中的建筑物的外墙外保温中，也可以将具有保护层的本发明用作隔墙板使用。

Description

外墙外保温板及其施工方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种外墙外保温板产品及其施工方法。
背景技术
随着我国国民经济建设迅速发展及工作与居住环境的改善，建筑行业对建筑保温装饰性能的要求也越来越高。尽管目前我国外墙内保温技术在建筑施工中占绝大多数，但是外墙外保温技术却是今后建筑保温发展的方向。在国外工业发达国家，外墙外保温已有三十几年的发展历史，特别是在欧美国家，如在美国的专威特公司及帕瑞克公司，其累计使用量在一亿平方米以上。近年来，我国在外墙外保温应用方面也进行了多种有益的尝试，研制开发了几种类型的外墙外保温产品及施工方法，如在建筑物外墙表面制作外墙外保温板发泡聚苯颗粒水泥聚合物砂浆保温层，在建筑物外贴粘聚苯板加耐候保护层，聚苯保温板与墙体浇筑加聚合物砂浆保护层，水泥聚苯板板构件等，取得了一定的保温和经济效果，解决了诸如冷桥、结露、开裂、不易装修、火灾毒气排放、旧楼翻新、节能等内保温存在的问题。然而现有技术中还存在着一些问题，1、由于一些水泥类产品重量较大，不好安装。2、由于一些发泡保温板是平面结构，粘贴不实极易产生空鼓剥离现象，造成不安全隐患。3、由于一些产品不能任意裁切组合，施工难度较大。4、由于一些保温***是手工操作，所以现场工序多、质量不稳定，有开裂，剥离现象。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种重量轻、质量稳定，耐侯、耐长久剥离，安全性高，可以随意裁切，安装方便的外墙外保温板及其施工方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取以下技术方案：一种外墙外保温板，它包括保温板，其特征在于：所述保温板的材料为聚苯或聚胺酯或聚乙烯发泡，所述保温板的单面或双面开设有网格状凹槽。
所述网格状凹槽深度为1～20mm，宽度为1～20mm，所述网格状凹槽之间间隔为5～100mm。
所述保温板的单面或双面网格状凹槽中嵌设有加强筋。
所述加强筋的材料为聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂。
所述保温板的单面或双面设置有至少一层玻璃纤维网格布增强层。
所述玻璃纤维网格布增强层的玻璃纤维网格布的网格大小为4×4～20×20mm。
所述保温板的单面或双面设置有至少一层聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂保护层。
所述保温板的单面或双面设置有一装饰性面层。
首先在聚苯、或聚胺酯或聚乙烯发泡保温板的单面或双面开设纵横交错的网格状凹槽，再在网格状凹槽内设置聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂加强筋，并与外墙表面相结合。
所述加强筋是通过以下方法获得的：首先在外墙墙面上涂抹聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂作为粘合剂，再将开设有所述网格状凹槽的保温板粘贴其上，使所述粘合剂嵌入所述网格状凹槽内，待所述粘合剂凝固后，便在所述保温板的背面形成所述网格状加强筋，并使所述保温板粘接在外墙墙面上。
所述加强筋是通过将聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂滩涂或涂抹在所述具有网格状凹槽的保温板表面，待其凝固后形成的，所述保温板通过现场施工干挂在外墙墙面上。
所述加强筋是采用热熔法通过机器一行一行地将复合树脂直接嵌设在所述保温板的网格状凹槽内形成的，所述保温板通过现场施工干挂在外墙墙面上。
在嵌有加强筋的所述保温板上用粘结剂粘接至少一层玻璃纤维网格布。
在粘接有玻璃纤维网格布的所述保温板上再制作一层聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂保护层。
在所述保温板的单面或双面上制作一层装饰面层。
本发明由于采取以上技术方案，其具有以下优点：1、本发明由于在保温板的单面开设网格状凹槽，因此，现场施工时，可以用聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂等粘结剂将其粘贴在建筑物外墙上，渗入网格状凹槽的粘接材料凝固后形成网格状加强筋，使保温板牢固地粘贴在外墙上。2、本发明由于在保温板的双面开设网格状凹槽，因此，既可以将保温板粘贴在外墙上，又可以在保温板的正面制作其它外墙装饰。3、本发明由于可以采用热熔或摊涂或涂抹等人工或机械方式预先将加强筋嵌入保温板，因此，其不但可以提高了保温板的强度，而且可以有效地加快工程进度，缩短施工周期。4、本发明由于在单面或双面的加强筋的外面粘贴了至少一层玻璃纤维网格布增强层，因此，可以使本发明的整体性、抗冲击性及防止开裂等性能得到有效地加强。5、本发明由于在单面或双面的玻璃纤维网格布增强层的外面设置了聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂等保护层，因此，可以使保温层的表面强度和硬度得到加强，防水、防渗漏及耐候性得到进一步提高。6、本发明由于在暴露的保温板正面，单面或双面的加强筋、玻璃纤维网格布加强层、聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂保护层的外面设置了装饰性或保护性面层，因此可以使本发明挂设后便形成整齐漂亮的装饰性外墙面，从而节省了制作外墙装饰层的工序，进一步缩短了现场施工周期。7、本发明的结构既可以在现场施工形成，又可以在工厂中预先制作出成型板，施工时现场挂设，同时由于所使用的各层材料均没有钢材，因此，既使是在现场施工，也可以根据需要任意裁切，使用十分方便。本发明可以广泛用于各种需要外墙外保温的建筑中，保护层比较多的本发明也可以作为不承重的隔墙板使用。
本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细的描述。
图1是本发明结构示意图
图2是本发明另一种结构示意图
图3是本发明再一种结构示意图
图4是本发明又一种结构示意图
如图1所示，本发明包括聚苯或聚胺酯或聚乙烯或酚醛等发泡保温板1，在保温板1的背面开设有纵横交错的网格状凹槽2，或者在保温板1的正面和背面都开设有纵横交错的网格状凹槽2。根据板材的大小不同，网格状凹槽2之间的间隔可以是5～100mm，网格状凹槽2的宽度可以是1～20mm，深度也可以是1～20mm，网格状凹槽2可以与保温板1同时成型，也可以在保温板成型后采用各种方法开设。
施工时，先向外墙墙面上涂抹聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂等粘合剂，并将保温板1粘贴其上。这样，粘接剂会顺着保温板1上的网格状凹槽2嵌入，待粘结剂凝固后，便在保温板1的背面形成一层网格状的加强筋，使保温板1牢固地粘贴在外墙表面。在开设有网格状凹槽2的保温板1正面可以根据需要设置各种表面保护层，同样这些材料也会嵌入网格状凹槽2内，与保温板牢固连接。如果保温板1的正面不再设置其它保护层，便可以仅在保温板1的单面开设网格状凹槽2，而在未开槽的另一面涂设装饰性涂料或贴装饰性面砖等。
如图2所示，上述实施例中，加强筋也可以预先嵌设在保温板1上，制成成型板材。其形成方法可以是采用热熔法通过机器一行一行纵横交错地直接嵌设在保温板1上。也可以通过摊涂法或涂抹法等将聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂等材料嵌入保温板1的网格状凹槽2中，形成网格状加强筋3。这样，在施工现场便可以直接在外墙表面干挂。本实施例将在施工现场手工化操作转移到工厂里，进行集中手工或机械化操作，其生产效率非常高，并可缩短施工周期。以下各实施例均可以采用现场施工和工厂化操作的方式制作本发明，就不再重复说明。
如图3所示，上述各实施例中，可以在嵌有加强筋3的保温板1的正面或背面，或者正面背面都用粘结剂粘结至少一层玻璃纤维网格布4，从而形成一玻璃纤维网格布增强层5。玻璃纤维网格布的网格大小可以是4×4～20×20mm。此种设计可以使保温层的整体性更好，且具有一定的弹性，以防止因时间、气候、温度的变化而产生的剥离、龟裂等现象。
如图2、图4所示，上述各实施例中，可以在单面或双面的玻璃纤维网格布增强层5的外面再设置一聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂保护层6，以增加外墙保温层的强度、防水性、防渗漏性及耐候性。
上述各实施例中，可以在单面或双面的嵌有加强筋3的保温板1上，单面或双面的玻璃纤维网格布增强层5上，单面或双面的聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂保护层6上，设置一面层7。该面层7可以是涂料、面砖等装饰性面层，也可以是铝塑板、钢板等保护性面层。这种面层可以在现场涂刷、贴设或固定，也可以在工厂里的成型板材上设置，这样，可以不必再进行外墙装饰，节省了工艺程序，缩短了施工周期。
上述各实施例中，所使用的材料是可以变化的，其变化不应排除在本发明保护范围之外。另外如果本发明作为外墙外保温使用时，可以只在正面设置装饰性面层或保护性面层，而作为隔墙板使用时，可以在双面设置装饰性面层或保护性面层。
工业应用性
本发明通过在保温板的表面设置网格状凹槽、加强筋、玻璃纤维网格布增强层、聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂保护层、及装饰性面层等措施，使外墙外保温层的设置更加方便，质量稳定，且可以使效率提高，施工周期缩短。本发明可以广泛用于建筑行业中的建筑物的外墙外保温中，也可以将具有保护层的本发明用作隔墙板使用。

Claims (17)

1、一种外墙外保温板，它包括保温板，其特征在于：所述保温板的材料为聚苯或聚胺酯或聚乙烯发泡，所述保温板的单面或双面开设有网格状凹槽。
2、如权利要求1所述的外墙外保温板，其特征在于：  所述网格状凹槽深度为1～20mm，宽度为1～20mm，所述网格状凹槽之间间隔为5～100mm。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的外墙外保温板，其特征在于：所述保温板的单面或双面网格状凹槽中嵌设有加强筋。
4、如权利要求3所述的外墙外保温板，其特征在于：所述加强筋的材料为聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂。
5、如权利要求3所述的外墙外保温板，其特征在于：所述保温板的单面或双面设置有至少一层玻璃纤维网格布增强层。
6、如权利要求5所述的外墙外保温板，其特征在于：所述玻璃纤维网格布增强层的玻璃纤维网格布的网格大小为4×4～20×20mm。
7、如权利要求5或6所述的外墙外保温板，其特征在于：所述保温板的单面或双面设置有至少一层聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂保护层。
8、如权利要求4或5或6所述的外墙外保温板，其特征在于：所述保温板的单面或双而设置有一装饰性面层。
9、如权利要求3所述的外墙外保温板，其特征在于：所述保温板的单面或双面设置有一装饰性面层。
10、如权利要求7所述的外墙外保温板，其特征在于：所述保温板的单面或双面设置有一装饰性面层。
11、一种外墙外保温板的施工方法，其特征在于：首先在聚苯、或聚胺酯或聚乙烯发泡保温板的单面或双面开设纵横交错的网格状凹槽，再在网格状凹槽内设置聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂加强筋，并与外墙表面相结合。
12、如权利要求11所述的外墙外保温板的施工方法，其特征在于：所述加强筋是通过以下方法获得的：首先在外墙墙面上涂抹聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂作为粘合剂，再将开设有所述网格状凹槽的保温板粘贴其上，使所述粘合剂嵌入所述网格状凹槽内，待所述粘合剂凝固后，便在所述保温板的背面形成所述网格状加强筋，并使所述保温板粘接在外墙墙面上。
13、如权利要求11所述的外墙外保温板的施工方法，其特征在于：所述加强筋是通过将聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂滩涂或涂抹在所述具有网格状凹槽的保温板表面，待其凝固后形成的，所述保温板通过现场施工干挂在外墙墙面上。
14、如权利要求11所述的外墙外保温板的施工方法，其特征在于：所述加强筋是采用热熔法通过机器一行一行地将复合树脂直接嵌设在所述保温板的网格状凹槽内形成的，所述保温板通过现场施工干挂在外墙墙面上。
15、如权利要求11所述的外墙外保温板的施工方法，其特征在于：在嵌有加强筋的所述保温板上用粘结剂粘接至少一层玻璃纤维网格布。
16、如权利要求15所述的外墙外保温板的施工方法，其特征在于：在粘接有玻璃纤维网格布的所述保温板上再制作一层聚合物水泥砂浆或复合树脂保护层。
17、如权利要求11或15或16所述的外墙外保温板的施工方法，其特征在于：在所述保温板的单面或双面上制作一层装饰面层。
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