CN117001363A - Planetary gear shaft machining device and machining method thereof - Google Patents
Planetary gear shaft machining device and machining method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117001363A CN117001363A CN202311211620.5A CN202311211620A CN117001363A CN 117001363 A CN117001363 A CN 117001363A CN 202311211620 A CN202311211620 A CN 202311211620A CN 117001363 A CN117001363 A CN 117001363A
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 29
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/06—Metal-working plant comprising a number of associated machines or apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/08—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
- B23Q3/082—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated hydraulically actuated
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Abstract
The application relates to a processing device and a processing method of a planetary gear shaft, wherein the processing device comprises: the base part is provided with tilting mechanism and base frame, and tilting mechanism drives the base frame and rotates. The at least two positioning components comprise a positioning seat and an end surface abutting mechanism, and the positioning seat is provided with a positioning groove for positioning the peripheral wall of the planetary gear shaft. A clamping member clamping the planetary gear shaft positioned by the positioning member; the control module comprises an airtight sensing mechanism and a control pipeline, and a detection port of the airtight sensing mechanism is arranged on the wall surface of the positioning groove. The clamping component pushes the planetary gear shaft to cover the detection port, the airtight sensing mechanism detects the air pressure value between the planetary gear shaft and the detection port, and the control module determines that the clamping component clamps the planetary gear shaft or outputs an alarm signal based on the air pressure value. The airtight sensing mechanism can detect whether the planetary gear shaft is attached to the positioning groove or not, and automatic judgment of clamping position accuracy is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automobile parts, in particular to a processing device and a processing method of a planetary gear shaft.
Background
The differential planetary gear shaft is a device for transmitting torque to the planetary gear to realize torque distribution, thereby realizing differential operation of wheels. The planetary gear shaft comprises transmission surfaces which are distributed at intervals, and the transmission surfaces are distributed on two sides of the central line of the planetary gear shaft in a back-to-back mode.
In the related art, the planetary gear shaft needs to be subjected to three working procedures of milling, drilling, chamfering of the hole, and the like, each working procedure needs to be provided with a corresponding fixture, and the planetary gear shaft needs to be subjected to three equipment combinations of a numerical control lathe, a machining center and a bench drill to complete the whole working procedure.
However, each procedure is processed independently, and the planetary gear shaft needs a plurality of tool fixtures and equipment combinations, so that purchasing cost and energy consumption are increased, and processing cost is high. The planetary gear shaft is easy to collide and damage in the process of processing and circulation of each procedure, and the manufacturing period is prolonged. In addition, the positioning accuracy of the planetary gear shaft in the machining process directly relates to the accuracy of subsequent machining and the operation accuracy of the whole differential, and the existing workpiece machining tool is difficult to judge whether clamping is accurate or not, so that improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a processing device and a processing method of a planetary gear shaft, and aims to solve the technical problem that the accuracy of processing clamping is difficult to judge and a plurality of tools are required to be configured for workpiece processing.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a machining device for a planetary gear shaft, which is used for machining the planetary gear shaft, the planetary gear shaft includes a cylindrical shaft body and a surface to be machined provided on the shaft body, and the machining device includes:
the base part is provided with a turnover mechanism and a base frame arranged on the turnover mechanism, and the turnover mechanism drives the base frame to rotate;
the positioning parts comprise positioning seats and end surface abutting mechanisms for positioning two ends of the planet gear shafts, and the positioning seats are provided with positioning grooves for positioning the outer peripheral walls of the planet gear shafts;
a clamping member clamping the planetary gear shaft positioned by the positioning member;
the control module comprises an airtight sensing mechanism and a control pipeline for controlling the operation of the clamping component, and a detection port of the airtight sensing mechanism is arranged on the wall surface of the positioning groove; wherein,
the clamping component pushes the planetary gear shaft to cover the detection port, the airtight sensing mechanism detects an air pressure value between the planetary gear shaft and the detection port, and the control module determines that the clamping component clamps the planetary gear shaft or outputs an alarm signal based on the air pressure value.
In one embodiment, the clamping member includes a corner cylinder and a clamping rod connected to an output shaft of the corner cylinder, the clamping rod being provided with a clamping groove opposite to the positioning groove.
In one embodiment, the clamping members simultaneously clamp the pinion shafts positioned by the adjacent two positioning members.
In an embodiment, the end face abutting mechanism comprises an ejection assembly and an adjusting block assembly which are oppositely arranged, the central lines of the adjusting block assembly and the ejection assembly coincide with the central line of the planet gear shaft, an abutting space for accommodating the planet gear shaft is formed between the adjusting block assembly and the ejection assembly, and the ejection assembly stretches to push the end face of the planet gear shaft to abut against the adjusting block assembly.
In an embodiment, the ejection assembly comprises an ejection cylinder body, an output shaft mounted on the ejection cylinder body and a pressing pin mounted on the output shaft, the pressing pin is provided with a bevel guide surface towards the planet gear shaft, the bevel guide surface is inclined towards the bottom direction of the positioning groove, and the vertex of the bevel guide surface exceeds the central line of the planet gear shaft.
In an embodiment, the base frame is provided with a through machining hole, the machining part of the planetary gear shaft is located in the extending direction of the machining hole, and the turnover mechanism drives the base frame to rotate so as to machine the surface to be machined, which is arranged back to the planetary gear shaft.
In one embodiment, the control pipeline comprises an oil cylinder transition plate and a sequence valve, wherein the oil cylinder transition plate is fixed on the base frame and is provided with a first flow channel for fluid to flow, and the clamping component is arranged on the oil cylinder transition plate and is correspondingly communicated with the first flow channel;
the base frame is provided with a second flow channel which is respectively communicated with the end surface abutting mechanism and the oil cylinder transition plate;
the sequence valve is connected to the first flow channel and the second flow channel respectively, and controls the opening and closing of the first flow channel based on the pressure value of the second flow channel.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for machining a planetary gear shaft, using the machining apparatus as described above, the method comprising:
s101, assembling a planetary gear shaft to the positioning groove;
s102, controlling fluid to drive the end face abutting mechanism to abut against two ends of the planetary gear shaft through a control pipeline;
s103, increasing the pressure of fluid in the control pipeline until the sequence valve controls the clamping part to rotate and pre-presses the planetary gear shaft according to a first pressing force, and detecting the air pressure value between the planetary gear shaft and the detection port by the airtight sensing mechanism;
s104, when the air pressure value accords with a preset value, the clamping part continues to be pressurized to a second pressing force to press the planetary gear shaft;
s105, machining the surface to be machined of the surface of the planetary gear shaft through a cutter.
In an embodiment, in step S104, when the air pressure value is smaller than a preset value, the clamping component continues to be pressurized to a second pressing force to press the planetary gear shaft, and the airtight sensing mechanism is started to detect after a preset period of time;
when the air pressure value accords with a preset value, the clamping part keeps pressing the planetary gear shaft;
and when the air pressure value is smaller than a preset value, the clamping part loosens the planetary gear shaft, and the control module outputs an alarm signal.
In one embodiment, after step S105 is completed, the processing method further includes:
rotating the base frame through a turnover mechanism;
and processing the surface to be processed of the back surface of the planetary gear shaft by a cutter.
In order to solve the problem that the accuracy of machining and clamping is difficult to judge and a plurality of tools are required to be configured for workpiece machining, the application has the following advantages: the turnover mechanism can drive the base frame to rotate so as to realize processing at different processing angles, and the base frame can be turned over so as to realize dumping of scraps generated by cutting, so that the base frame is convenient to clean. The positioning component combines the clamping component to realize the clamping fixation of the end part and the peripheral wall, and the positioning and clamping precision is high. The airtight sensing mechanism can detect whether the detection position of the planetary gear shaft is attached to the positioning groove, automatic judgment of clamping position accuracy is achieved, and the detection effect is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of a machining apparatus equipped with a planetary gear shaft according to some embodiments;
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic front view of a machining device clamping a planet pin of some embodiments;
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic view of a chassis frame flipped to backside machined planet pins of some embodiments;
FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic view of a base frame assembly positioning member and clamping member of some embodiments;
FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic view of positioning members of some embodiments positioning both ends of a planet pin;
FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic cross-sectional view of a clamping member of some embodiments;
fig. 7 illustrates a schematic cross-sectional view of an end-face abutment mechanism of some embodiments.
Reference numerals: a base member 10; a turnover mechanism 11; machining a hole 111; a base frame 12; a positioning member 20; a positioning seat 21; a positioning groove 211; an end face abutting mechanism 22; an ejector assembly 221; an ejector cylinder 2211; compression pin 2212; an output shaft 2213; a spring 2214; a sloped guide surface 2215; an adjustment block assembly 222; a fixed point 2221; a clamping member 30; a corner cylinder 31; a piston rod 311; a clamp lever 32; a holding groove 33; a press block 331; a planetary gear shaft 40; a shaft body 41; a surface to be processed 42; a control module 50; a sequence valve 51.
Detailed Description
The present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to better understand and thus practice the teachings of the present application, and are not meant to imply any limitation on the scope of the application.
As used herein, the term "comprising" and variants thereof are to be interpreted as meaning "including but not limited to" open-ended terms. The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "based at least in part on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment. The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment".
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment discloses a machining device for machining a planetary gear shaft 40, which is used for machining the planetary gear shaft 40, wherein the planetary gear shaft 40 includes a cylindrical shaft body 41 and a surface to be machined 42 arranged on the shaft body 41, the shaft body 41 has a columnar structure, the surface to be machined 42 is distributed on two opposite sides of the shaft body 41, the surface to be machined 42 is a machining surface needing cutting machining of a cutter, and further, machining positions such as punching, chamfering and the like can be further arranged on the planetary gear shaft 40.
The machining device comprises a base part 10, a positioning part 20, a clamping part 30 and a control module 50, wherein the base part 10 is used for being assembled to machining equipment, and the positioning part 20 and the clamping part 30 can position and lock the planetary gear shaft 40 so as to improve machining precision.
The base component 10 is provided with a turnover mechanism 11 and a base frame 12 mounted on the turnover mechanism 11, the turnover mechanism 11 drives the base frame 12 to rotate, the base frame 12 is of a rigid frame structure, and two ends of the base frame 12 are respectively connected with the turnover mechanism 11 so as to keep the structural strength and the mounting position of the base frame 12 stable. Preferably, the base frame 12 is provided in a plate structure, and a plurality of machining holes 111 are provided through the base frame 12, and the machining holes 111 may be provided to pass through a machining space of the cutting tool. The turnover mechanism 11 can drive the base frame 12 to rotate so as to realize processing at different processing angles, and the base frame 12 can be turned over so as to realize dumping of scraps generated by cutting, so that the cleaning is convenient. Preferably, the base frame 12 is provided with a through machining hole 111, the machining position of the planetary gear shaft 40 is located in the extending direction of the machining hole 111, and the turnover mechanism 11 drives the base frame 12 to rotate so as to machine the surface 42 to be machined, which is opposite to the planetary gear shaft 40.
The positioning members 20 are at least two, and the plurality of positioning members 20 are distributed on the base frame 12 at intervals, so as to synchronously position the plurality of planet pins 40, thereby improving positioning and processing efficiency. The positioning member 20 includes a positioning seat 21 and end surface abutting mechanisms 22 for positioning both ends of the shaft body 41, the positioning seat 21 being provided with positioning grooves 211 for positioning the outer peripheral walls of the pinion pins 40. The positioning groove 211 is of a V-shaped groove structure, the shaft body 41 and the bottom of the positioning groove 211 are arranged at intervals, the positioning groove 211 can position the planetary gear shafts 40 with different shaft diameters, and the processing range is wide.
After the planetary gear shafts 40 are fitted to the positioning grooves 211, the clamping members 30 clamp the planetary gear shafts 40 positioned by the positioning members 20 to clamp-fit the shaft body 41 to the positioning grooves 211. Preferably, the clamping member 30 includes a rotation angle cylinder 31 and a clamping rod 32 connected to an output shaft 2213 of the rotation angle cylinder 31, the clamping rod 32 being provided with a clamping groove 33 opposite to the positioning groove 211. The holding groove 33 is provided as a v-shaped groove to hold the positioning shaft body 41 together with the positioning groove 211. The rotation angle cylinder 31 can drive the clamping rod 32 to rotate, and when the clamping rod 32 releases the planetary gear shaft 40, the clamping rod 32 is parallel to the planetary gear shaft 40, so that clamping is facilitated. When the clamping rod 32 clamps the planetary gear shaft 40, the clamping rod 32 is perpendicular to the planetary gear shaft 40 to improve clamping consistency. The positioning member 20 is combined with the clamping member 30 to realize clamping and fixing of the end portion and the peripheral wall, and positioning and clamping accuracy is high. Preferably, the clamping rod 32 comprises a rod body and pressing blocks 331 hinged to two ends of the rod body, and the clamping groove 33 is formed in the pressing blocks 331. The pressing block 331 is rotatably connected with the rod body so as to realize automatic alignment and improve the accuracy of clamping.
The control module 50 comprises an airtight sensing mechanism and a control pipeline for controlling the operation of the clamping component 30, and a detection port of the airtight sensing mechanism is arranged on the wall surface of the positioning groove 211. Wherein, the clamping member 30 pushes the planetary gear shaft 40 to cover the detection port, the airtight sensing mechanism detects the air pressure value between the planetary gear shaft 40 and the detection port, and the control module 50 determines that the clamping member 30 clamps the planetary gear shaft 40 or outputs an alarm signal based on the air pressure value.
The detection process comprises the following steps: when the clamping action is executed, the clamping component 30 rotates anticlockwise for 90 degrees and then retracts, the pre-compression procedure of the clamping rod 32 on the outer circular surface of the planetary gear shaft 40 is realized, if the air tightness detection of the air tightness sensing mechanism is normal (the detection value P is larger than or equal to the set value), the end face abutting mechanism 22 abuts against the two ends of the locking shaft body 41, the oil pressure for controlling the corner cylinder 31 to clamp is continuously increased, and the clamping rod 32 on the corner cylinder 31 fully compresses the outer circular surface of the planetary gear shaft 40.
In the stage of the clamping rod 32 pre-tightening process, if the air tightness detection of the air tightness sensing mechanism is abnormal (the detection value is 0 less than or equal to P < the set value), the oil pressure of the clamping shaft body 41 of the corner cylinder 31 is controlled to continuously rise, so that the pressing force of the clamping rod 32 fixedly connected with the corner cylinder 31 on the outer circular surface of the planetary gear shaft 40 is increased. The control module 50 judges the air tightness result again, and if the air tightness after pressurization is good, the follow-up clamping action is executed; if the air tightness is poor, the control module 50 gives an alarm to stop the subsequent clamping action.
The airtight sensing mechanism can detect whether the detection position of the planetary gear shaft 40 is attached to the positioning groove 211, so that automatic judgment of clamping position accuracy is realized, and the detection effect is good. Preferably, the airtight sensing mechanism comprises a pressure-stabilizing air source, an air pressure channel connected with the pressure-stabilizing air source and the detection port and an air pressure sensor communicated with the air pressure channel. The regulated air source outputs a regulated air flow with a stable air pressure value, and when the planetary gear shaft 40 is blocked at the detection port or the corresponding area of the detection port, the regulated air flow output detection port forms an air pressure change, and the air pressure sensor detects the air pressure change to determine whether the air tightness detection abnormal condition exists. When the planetary gear shaft 40 is not blocked at the detection port, the air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure variation value of the detection port is zero, and the planetary gear shaft 40 is abnormally installed and needs to be repositioned.
Further preferably, the clamping member 30 simultaneously clamps the pinion pins 40 positioned by the adjacent two positioning members 20. The positioning members 20 are spaced apart from the base frame 12 to form a plurality of positioning members 20 for simultaneously positioning a plurality of planet pins 40. For example, the base frame 12 is fitted with four sets of positioning mechanisms, each set of positioning mechanisms being provided with two positioning members 20. Four clamping members 30 are provided, and each clamping member 30 is located on a group of positioning mechanisms and simultaneously clamps the planetary gear shafts 40 positioned by the two positioning members 20 to form symmetrical stress. Preferably, the clamping groove 33 of the clamping lever 32 is correspondingly clamped to the middle of the planetary gear shaft 40 to equalize the stress of the planetary gear shaft 40. It should be noted that the processing hole 111 penetrates through the base frame 12, and the processing hole 111 is configured as a long hole structure. The positioning groove 211 is disposed on the base frame 12 and intersects the processing hole 111 to form a multi-stage groove structure. The planetary gear shaft 40 is defined at both ends thereof by two positioning grooves 211 and spans the machining hole 111. Preferably, the processing holes 111 are arranged in two rows in parallel, at least two being arranged in each row. The positioning groove 211 is arranged into three sections, wherein the clamping part 30 clamps the positioning groove 211 in the middle of the positioning to form a structure that two ends compress the positioning groove 211 and the clamping part 30 compresses the clamping in the middle.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the clamping member 30 is combined with the positioning member 20 to clamp and position the peripheral wall of the planetary gear shaft 40, and further, the end surface abutting mechanism 22 can position the axial machining position of the planetary gear shaft 40, so as to realize axial positioning, and further improve the accuracy of axial machining.
In one embodiment, the end surface abutting mechanism 22 comprises an ejection assembly 221 and an adjusting block assembly 222 which are oppositely arranged, and an abutting space for accommodating the planetary gear shaft 40 is formed between the adjusting block assembly 222 and the ejection assembly 221. The ejection assembly 221 and the adjusting block assembly 222 are respectively distributed at two ends of the positioning groove 211, wherein the adjusting block assembly 222 is of a fixed structure, and the ejection assembly 221 is of a telescopic movable structure. The center lines of the adjusting block assembly 222 and the ejection assembly 221 are coincident with the center line of the planet gear shaft 40, and the ejection assembly 221 stretches to push the end face of the planet gear shaft 40 to be abutted to the adjusting block assembly 222, so that the axial positioning of the planet gear shaft 40 is positioned by taking the adjusting block assembly 222 as a reference, and the accuracy of the axial positioning is improved. In addition, the end surface abutting mechanism 22 is matched with the airtight sensing mechanism to perform airtight detection, so that the accuracy of the test air pressure of the attached part can be improved.
In one embodiment, the ejector assembly 221 includes an ejector cylinder 2211, an output shaft 2213 mounted to the ejector cylinder 2211, and a compression pin 2212 mounted to the output shaft 2213. The ejection cylinder 2211 drives the output shaft 2213 to extend out of the ejection cylinder 2211 after driving liquid is introduced, and the compression pin 2212 is mounted at the end of the output shaft 2213 and is in abutting connection with the planetary gear shaft 40. Preferably, the ejector assembly 221 includes a spring 2214 mounted within the ejector cylinder 2211, with an elastic preload between the spring 2214 and the output shaft 2213 driving the retraction of the output shaft 2213 into the ejector cylinder 2211. The output shaft 2213 keeps abutting against the planetary gear shaft 40 under the pressure maintaining effect of the driving liquid, the abutting strength is high, and the automatic reset can be realized after the driving liquid is canceled, so that an oil path is simplified.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the pressing pin 2212 is provided with a slant surface 2215 toward the pinion shaft 40, the slant surface 2215 being inclined toward the bottom direction of the positioning groove 211, the apex of the slant surface 2215 exceeding the center line of the pinion shaft 40. The end surface of the pressing pin 2212 is provided as an inclined guide surface 2215, and the symmetrical center surface of the inclined guide surface 2215 coincides with the symmetrical bisecting surface of the positioning groove 211. Preferably, the apex of the inclined guide surface 2215 is located above the center line of the pinion shaft 40 to constitute a downward pressing force. Further preferably, the inclined guide surface 2215 has an inclination angle a of 0 ° < a.ltoreq.3° with respect to the end surface of the pressing pin 2212. The inclined guide surface 2215 is provided with a small angle of inclination, so that the contact area can be reduced, the pushing inclination component force is formed, and the compaction tightness and the direction controllability are improved.
Therefore, the contact area between the pressing pin 2212 and the planetary gear shaft 40 can be reduced by providing the pressing pin 2212 with the inclined guide surface 2215, the friction force between the pressing pin 2212 and the planetary gear shaft 40 can be reduced, the downward pressing force of the pressing pin 2212 on the planetary gear shaft 40 can be increased, and the upward overturning moment generated by the fact that the action point of the pressing pin 2212 is not coincident with the center of the planetary gear shaft 40 can be counteracted. The inclined guide surface 2215 of the pressing pin 2212 is coupled to a gas tightness detection port provided on the groove wall surface of the positioning groove 211 in the positioning seat 21, and if the end surface of any one of the planetary gear shafts 40 is not tightly attached to an adjustment screw provided on the adjustment block assembly 222 after the clamping member 30 performs the clamping operation; or, the peripheral wall of the planetary gear shaft 40 is not tightly attached to the groove wall surface of the positioning seat 21, so that the pressure sensor at the air tightness detection port does not detect that the pressure set value is reached, the pressure sensor sends an electric signal outwards and triggers an external alarm, the processing device cannot continuously execute subsequent processing instructions, automatic processing and assembling detection is realized, and the end part of the workpiece can be effectively prevented from tilting.
Optionally, the centerline of the hold-down pin 2212 coincides with the centerline of the planet pin 40 to form a corresponding hold-down structure. Optionally, the center line of the pressing pin 2212 is located above the center line of the planetary gear shaft 40, so as to form a pressing structure, and improve the pressing tightness of the planetary gear shaft 40 and the positioning groove 211.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the control line is used to deliver a driving fluid, preferably hydraulic oil, to the clamping member 30 and the ejector cylinder 2211. In one embodiment, the control circuit includes a cylinder transition plate secured to the base frame 12 and a sequence valve 51, the cylinder transition plate being provided with a first flow passage for fluid flow, and the clamp member 30 being mounted to the cylinder transition plate and in corresponding communication with the first flow passage. The oil cylinder transition plate is of a plate-shaped structure and is fixed on the base seat so as to further improve the structural strength of the base seat. And, the first flow channel is set up in the transition plate of the oil cylinder, the transition plate of the oil cylinder can fix the oil cylinder organization of the holding part 30, can avoid drawbacks such as the wiring, etc., realize the supply and demand of the centralized oil circuit. It should be noted that, the clamping member 30 is directly connected to the oil cylinder transition plate, so that the overall height can be reduced, and the large height space of the processing device is avoided.
Further, the base frame 12 is provided with a second flow channel, and the second flow channels are respectively communicated with the end surface abutting mechanism 22 and the oil cylinder transition plate. The transition plates of the oil cylinders are arranged in a staggered manner with the base frame 12, for example, the transition plates of the oil cylinders extend out of the surface of the base frame 12 to form a step structure. Alternatively, the cylinder transition plate is lower than the base frame 12 to form a groove structure.
Preferably, the positioning groove 211 is arranged on the oil cylinder transition plate, the adjusting block assembly 222 and the ejection assembly 221 are respectively arranged on the base frame 12 and positioned on two opposite sides of the oil cylinder transition plate, and the relative position adjustment of the positioning groove 211 and the compression pin 2212 is realized through the height of the oil cylinder transition plate protruding out of the base frame 12.
The sequence valve 51 is connected to the first flow passage and the second flow passage, respectively, and the sequence valve 51 controls the opening and closing of the first flow passage based on the pressure value of the second flow passage. The hydraulic station is commutated through an external electromagnetic valve to realize the telescopic driving control of the hydraulic oil circulation in the first flow channel and the second flow channel.
Wherein the second flow path of the base frame 12 is filled with oil and enters the oil inlet chamber of the ejector assembly 221. The ejector assembly 221 drives the output shaft 2213 to extend under the action of oil pressure and enables the pressing pin 2212 to abut against the end surface of the shaft body 41, the pressing pin 2212 pushes the end surface of the planet gear shaft 40 to a fixed point 2221 of the adjusting block assembly 222, and preferably, the fixed point 2221 is an adjusting screw movably connected with threads, so that fine positioning of the planet gear shaft 40 is achieved.
When the oil pressure continues to rise, the sequence valve 51 is opened, the hydraulic oil enters the oil inlet cavity of the corner cylinder 31, and drives the piston rod 311 inside the corner cylinder 31 to rotate counterclockwise by 90 degrees and then retract downward. The clamping groove 33 of the clamping rod 32 clamps the outer peripheral wall of the planetary gear shaft 40 defined by the positioning seat 21, thereby completing clamping and positioning of the shaft body 41.
When the machining is completed, the external electromagnetic valve is used for reversely switching, the corner cylinder 31 drives the piston rod 311 in the hydraulic cylinder to extend upwards and then rotate clockwise by 90 degrees under the action of oil pressure, and the clamping rod 32 leaves the outer circular surface of the planetary gear shaft 40. After that, after the hydraulic oil enters the sequence valve 51, the sequence valve 51 is closed, at this time, the hydraulic oil fails to enter the ejection cylinder, the output shaft 2213 of the ejection cylinder automatically retracts under the action of the return spring 2214, the pressing pin 2212 leaves the end surface of the planetary gear shaft 40, and finally the release action of the planetary gear shaft 40 is realized.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present application also discloses a processing method of the planetary gear shaft 40, which is applied to the processing device disclosed in the above embodiment, and the processing method includes:
s101, the planetary gear shaft 40 is assembled to the positioning groove 211, the planetary gear shaft 40 is erected in the positioning groove 211 and is limited between the ejection assembly 221 and the adjustment block assembly 222, and the outer peripheral wall of the planetary gear shaft 40 is attached to the positioning groove 211. The plurality of planet pins 40 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the matching positioning grooves 211, and optionally, two adjacent planet pins 40 are disposed in parallel.
S102, controlling the fluid driving end face abutting mechanism 22 to abut against two ends of the planetary gear shaft 40 through a control pipeline. The adjusting block assembly 222 is of a fixed structure, the adjusting block assembly 222 is provided with a fixed point 2221, and the fixed point 2221 is of a columnar or protruding point structure. The end face abutment mechanism 22 urges the pinion shaft 40 to abut against the fixed point 2221 to constitute both end positioning. Preferably, the center point of the fixed point 2221 coincides with the center of the planetary gear shaft 40. The pressing pin 2212 is abutted to the planetary gear shaft 40 through the inclined guide surface 2215, and can realize the downward pressing of the planetary gear shaft 40 during the axial abutment process, and constitutes a component force of the preliminary downward pressing. The control pipeline can control the oil pressure of the end surface abutting mechanism 22, the end surface abutting mechanism 22 and the clamping component 30 can be controlled to operate step by step through the same control pipeline, the circuit is simplified, and sequential driving can be realized.
S103, the fluid pressure in the control pipeline rises until the sequence valve 51 controls the clamping part 30 to rotate and pre-presses the planetary gear shaft 40 according to the first pressing force, and the airtight sensing mechanism detects the air pressure value between the planetary gear shaft 40 and the detection port. After the end face abutting mechanism 22 completes the abutting step, the control line continues to be filled with hydraulic oil to raise the fluid pressure of the line connected to the sequence valve 51 until the sequence valve 51 is opened. Accordingly, the clamping member 30 is driven by the hydraulic oil to control the clamping lever 32 to rotate and preload the pinion shaft 40. The pre-pressing pressure value of the clamping lever 32 is smaller than the pressure value applied to the planetary gear shaft 40 during machining. After the clamping lever 32 is pre-pressed, the airtight sensing mechanism is operated and detects the air pressure value of the contact portion of the planetary gear shaft 40 and the positioning groove 211. When the air pressure deviation value detected by the air tightness sensing mechanism is smaller than or equal to the preset deviation value range, the planetary gear shaft 40 is attached in place.
And S104, when the air pressure value accords with the preset value, the clamping part 30 continues to be pressurized to the second pressing force to press the planetary gear shafts 40. The clamping member 30 is secondarily pressurized based on the detection result of the airtight sensing mechanism, and the planetary gear shaft 40 can be kept from moving and deforming during the machining and cutting process by the pressurization of the clamping member 30.
S105, the surface to be machined 42 of the surface of the pinion shaft 40 is machined by a cutter, that is, the machining apparatus performs full-process cutting machining on the front surface of the pinion shaft 40 by a cutter. Preferably, the high pressure water pump of the machining device is started, and the cutting fluid of the machining center spindle flushes the chips during machining from the machining device.
The processing method automatically detects the clamping position precision of the planetary gear shaft 40 through the airtight sensing mechanism, and simultaneously realizes end abutting positioning by utilizing the adjusting block assembly 222 and the end abutting mechanism 22, so that the positioning precision is high. The clamping part 30 can be matched with the airtight sensing mechanism to determine the clamping position precision of the planetary gear shaft 40 through secondary clamping, and can effectively control the pressing clamping force to keep good shape stability of the workpiece.
In step S104, when the air pressure value is smaller than the preset value, the clamping member 30 continues to be pressurized to the second pressing force to press the planetary gear shaft 40, and the airtight sensing mechanism is started to detect after the preset time period. If the air pressure value is smaller than the preset value, it indicates that there is a gap at the joint of the planetary gear shaft 40 and the positioning groove 211, and the gap may be caused by the chips attached to the surface of the positioning groove 211; it is also possible that the surface of the planetary gear shaft 40 is not adhered to the surface of the positioning groove 211; and may also be caused by surface irregularities of the pinion shaft 40. The clamping member 30 eliminates the problem of the gap caused by the surface of the planetary gear shaft 40 not being attached to the surface of the positioning groove 211 by the continuous pressing.
When the air pressure value meets the preset value, the clamping member 30 keeps pressing the planetary gear shaft 40.
When the air pressure value is less than the preset value, the clamping member 30 releases the planetary gear shaft 40 and the control module 50 outputs an alarm signal. After the clamping member 30 is pressurized, the airtight sensing mechanism detects that the air pressure value still does not accord with the preset value after the interval time, and then scraps are filled below the surface planetary gear shaft 40; alternatively, the blank shape or size of the pinion shaft 40 is problematic. The control module 50 outputs an alarm signal to stop the machining device from machining until the operator replaces or blows away debris to eliminate the fault.
In one embodiment, after step S105 is completed, the processing method further includes the following steps:
in step S106, the base frame 12 is rotated by the tilting mechanism 11. After the front hole and the machined surface of the planetary gear shaft 40 are machined, the turning mechanism 11 can tilt chips formed by the cutting process away from the machined base frame 12 and the positioning member 20 by self-weight by rotating the base frame 12.
In step S107, the surface 42 to be machined on the rear surface of the pinion shaft 40 is machined by a cutter, and the rear surface of the pinion shaft 40 is subjected to full-process cutting. The surface 42 to be machined on the back surface of the planetary gear shaft 40 is located in the direction of the extension line of the machining hole 111 to constitute a movable space for the entry and exit of the cutting tool. The machining device can simultaneously machine holes and surfaces on the front side and the back side of the planetary gear shaft 40 by one-time clamping, and has high machining efficiency and high clamping accuracy.
In one embodiment, after the back surface of the planetary gear shaft 40 is cut, the processing device stops the high-pressure water pump, the hydraulic station is reversely switched through an external electromagnetic valve, the corner cylinder 31 drives the piston rod 311 in the hydraulic cylinder to extend upwards and then rotate clockwise by 90 degrees under the action of oil pressure, and the clamping rod 32 leaves the outer circular surface of the planetary gear shaft 40. After that, after the hydraulic oil enters the sequence valve 51, the sequence valve 51 is closed, at this time, the hydraulic oil fails to enter the ejection cylinder, the output shaft 2213 of the ejection cylinder automatically retracts under the action of the return spring 2214, the pressing pin 2212 leaves the end surface of the planetary gear shaft 40, and finally the release action of the planetary gear shaft 40 is realized.
The working whole flow of the processing method comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing the to-be-processed product of the planetary gear shaft 40 into a positioning groove 211 of a processing device for rough positioning.
In the step 2, the hydraulic station is reversed through an external electromagnetic valve, the output shaft 2213 of the end surface abutting mechanism 22 extends forwards, and the pressing pin 2212 on the output shaft 2213 pushes the end surface of the planet gear shaft 40 to a fixed point 2221 on the adjusting block, so that the axial precise positioning of the planet gear shaft 40 is realized.
Step 3, after the oil pressure of the second flow channel continues to rise, the sequence valve 51 is opened, hydraulic oil enters the corner cylinder 31 and drives the piston rod 311 of the corner cylinder 31 to rotate 90 ° counterclockwise and then retract downward, the clamping groove 33 of the clamping rod 32 clamps the peripheral wall of the planetary gear shaft 40 defined by the positioning seat 21, and clamping and positioning of the shaft body 41 are completed.
And 4, after the positioning of the planetary gear shaft 40 is completed, the machining equipment performs full-process cutting machining on the front surface of the planetary gear shaft 40, and a high-pressure water pump of the machining equipment is started, and the machining equipment adopts cutting fluid to flush out a chip machining device in the machining process.
And 5, after the front surface of the planetary gear shaft 40 is machined, the turnover mechanism 11 drives the base frame 12 to rotate 180 degrees, and full-process cutting machining is performed on the back surface of the planetary gear shaft 40. Accordingly, the chip generated by the front surface processing is detached by its own weight.
And 6, after the back surface of the planetary gear shaft 40 is processed, the external electromagnetic valve is reversely switched, the rotating angle cylinder 31 drives the piston rod 311 in the hydraulic cylinder to extend upwards and then rotate by 90 degrees clockwise under the action of oil pressure, and the clamping rod 32 leaves the outer circular surface of the planetary gear shaft 40.
Step 7, after the hydraulic oil enters the sequence valve 51, the sequence valve 51 is closed, at this time, the hydraulic oil fails to enter the ejection cylinder, the output shaft 2213 of the ejection cylinder automatically retracts under the action of the return spring 2214, the compression pin 2212 leaves the end surface of the planetary gear shaft 40, and finally the release action of the planetary gear shaft 40 is realized.
The foregoing description of implementations of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. The foregoing description is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise form disclosed, and modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the disclosure. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the present disclosure and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to utilize the present disclosure in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (10)
1. A processingequipment of planet axle for processing the planet axle, the planet axle includes cylindric axis body and locates the face of waiting to process of axis body, its characterized in that, processingequipment includes:
the base part is provided with a turnover mechanism and a base frame arranged on the turnover mechanism, and the turnover mechanism drives the base frame to rotate;
the positioning parts comprise positioning seats and end surface abutting mechanisms for positioning two ends of the planet gear shafts, and the positioning seats are provided with positioning grooves for positioning the outer peripheral walls of the planet gear shafts;
a clamping member clamping the planetary gear shaft positioned by the positioning member;
the control module comprises an airtight sensing mechanism and a control pipeline for controlling the operation of the clamping component, and a detection port of the airtight sensing mechanism is arranged on the wall surface of the positioning groove; wherein,
the clamping component pushes the planetary gear shaft to cover the detection port, the airtight sensing mechanism detects an air pressure value between the planetary gear shaft and the detection port, and the control module determines that the clamping component clamps the planetary gear shaft or outputs an alarm signal based on the air pressure value.
2. The machining device according to claim 1, wherein the clamping member includes a corner cylinder and a clamping lever connected to an output shaft of the corner cylinder, the clamping lever being provided with a clamping groove opposite to the positioning groove.
3. The machining device according to claim 2, wherein the clamping members clamp the pinion pins positioned by the adjacent two positioning members simultaneously.
4. The machining device according to claim 1, wherein the end face abutting mechanism comprises an ejection assembly and an adjusting block assembly which are oppositely arranged, wherein the center lines of the adjusting block assembly and the ejection assembly coincide with the center line of the planetary gear shaft, an abutting space for accommodating the planetary gear shaft is formed between the adjusting block assembly and the ejection assembly, and the ejection assembly stretches to push the end face of the planetary gear shaft to abut against the adjusting block assembly.
5. The processing device according to claim 4, wherein the ejection assembly includes an ejection cylinder, an output shaft mounted to the ejection cylinder, and a pressing pin mounted to the output shaft, the pressing pin being provided with a sloped guide surface toward the planetary gear shaft, the sloped guide surface being sloped toward a bottom direction of the positioning groove, and a vertex of the sloped guide surface exceeding a center line of the planetary gear shaft.
6. The machining device according to claim 4, wherein the base frame is provided with a machining hole penetrating through the base frame, the machining position of the planetary gear shaft is located in the extending direction of the machining hole, and the turnover mechanism drives the base frame to rotate so as to machine the surface to be machined of the planetary gear shaft, which is arranged back to back.
7. The processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control line includes a cylinder transition plate and a sequence valve secured to the base frame, the cylinder transition plate being provided with a first flow passage for fluid flow, the clamping member being mounted to the cylinder transition plate and in corresponding communication with the first flow passage;
the base frame is provided with a second flow channel which is respectively communicated with the end surface abutting mechanism and the oil cylinder transition plate;
the sequence valve is connected to the first flow channel and the second flow channel respectively, and controls the opening and closing of the first flow channel based on the pressure value of the second flow channel.
8. A method for machining a planetary gear shaft, characterized in that the machining apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is applied, the machining method comprising:
s101, assembling a planetary gear shaft to the positioning groove;
s102, controlling fluid to drive the end face abutting mechanism to abut against two ends of the planetary gear shaft through a control pipeline;
s103, increasing the pressure of fluid in the control pipeline until the sequence valve controls the clamping part to rotate and pre-presses the planetary gear shaft according to a first pressing force, and detecting the air pressure value between the planetary gear shaft and the detection port by the airtight sensing mechanism;
s104, when the air pressure value accords with a preset value, the clamping part continues to be pressurized to a second pressing force to press the planetary gear shaft;
s105, machining the surface to be machined of the surface of the planetary gear shaft through a cutter.
9. The processing method according to claim 8, wherein in step S104, when the air pressure value is smaller than a preset value, the clamping member continues to be pressurized to a second pressing force to press the planetary gear shaft, and the airtight sensing mechanism is started to detect after a preset period of time;
when the air pressure value accords with a preset value, the clamping part keeps pressing the planetary gear shaft;
and when the air pressure value is smaller than a preset value, the clamping part loosens the planetary gear shaft, and the control module outputs an alarm signal.
10. The processing method according to claim 8, characterized in that after step S105 is completed, the processing method further comprises:
rotating the base frame through a turnover mechanism;
and processing the surface to be processed of the back surface of the planetary gear shaft by a cutter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311211620.5A CN117001363A (en) | 2023-09-20 | 2023-09-20 | Planetary gear shaft machining device and machining method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311211620.5A CN117001363A (en) | 2023-09-20 | 2023-09-20 | Planetary gear shaft machining device and machining method thereof |
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| CN117001363A true CN117001363A (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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| CN202311211620.5A Pending CN117001363A (en) | 2023-09-20 | 2023-09-20 | Planetary gear shaft machining device and machining method thereof |
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