CN116995434A - Ultra-wideband antenna of ground penetrating radar - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband antenna of ground penetrating radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN116995434A CN116995434A CN202311058980.6A CN202311058980A CN116995434A CN 116995434 A CN116995434 A CN 116995434A CN 202311058980 A CN202311058980 A CN 202311058980A CN 116995434 A CN116995434 A CN 116995434A
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/25—Ultra-wideband [UWB] systems, e.g. multiple resonance systems; Pulse systems
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a ground penetrating radar ultra-wideband antenna, which comprises an antenna dielectric plate and two microstrip patches, wherein: the antenna dielectric plate is a rectangular plate body which is horizontally arranged, and the long edge of the antenna dielectric plate moves left and right; the two microstrip patches are incomplete wafers with the radius r, one end of each microstrip patch is a complete semicircle, the other end of each microstrip patch is a notch end, and the notch end is a feed end; the notch end is in an arc shape protruding towards the side far away from the circle center, and the curvature of the arc is smaller than that of an arc where the incomplete wafer forms the complete wafer; the two microstrip patches are stacked on the upper wall surface of the antenna dielectric plate, are arranged left and right, the complete semicircular ends are positioned at the left end and the right end of the antenna dielectric plate, the notch ends are positioned close to the central axis of the antenna dielectric plate, which is perpendicular to the long side, and are not attached to each other, and a feed gap is formed between the two notch ends; wherein: r is a number greater than 0. The ultra-wideband antenna of the ground penetrating radar is used, so that the input impedance of the antenna at the feeding position is reduced, the antenna is convenient to directly connect with a feeding transmission line, and the design of a feeding network is simplified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to an ultra-wideband antenna of a ground penetrating radar.
Background
The ground penetrating radar technology has the advantages of nondestructive detection, high efficiency, high resolution, visual result and the like; the early art of ground penetrating radar was mainly used to detect low dielectric loss materials, such as polar ice layers and coal mines; with the continuous and deep research on the ground penetrating radar technology and related equipment, the technology gradually develops to detect high dielectric loss substances; for example, detection of complex rock formations; the application field of the ground penetrating radar is expanded far beyond the category of ground penetrating, and the method has wide application in the fields of geological exploration, archaeology, search and rescue, military investigation and the like; so far, the ground penetrating radar technology has become an optimal solution for solving the underground detection problem, and attention and research of experts in various fields are obtained.
The antenna is used as a key component for receiving and transmitting signals in the ground penetrating radar system, so that the detection performance of the whole system plays a key role; generally, high frequency electromagnetic waves correspond to higher resolution, but the depth of subsurface detection is shallow; conversely, although the detection resolution of the low-frequency electromagnetic wave is lower, the high-frequency electromagnetic wave can obtain a large underground detection depth; thus, ground penetrating radar antennas generally operate at lower frequency bands, and the operating frequency is inversely proportional to the depth to be detected; the resolution of the detection can be improved by increasing the bandwidth of the transmitted signal in a lower frequency band, so that the ultra-wideband antenna capable of covering the lower frequency band is very significant. At present, the input impedance of most low-frequency ultra-wideband antennas is far higher than 50 ohms, so that a complex impedance transformation network is required to be designed at the feed end of the antenna, and the manufacturing cost of the antenna is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ground penetrating radar ultra-wideband antenna, which reduces the input impedance of the antenna at a feed position, is convenient to directly connect with a feed transmission line, and simplifies the design of a feed network.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a ground penetrating radar ultra wide band antenna, includes antenna dielectric plate and two microstrip paster, wherein:
the antenna dielectric plate is a rectangular plate body which is horizontally arranged, and the long edge of the antenna dielectric plate extends left and right;
the two microstrip patches are incomplete wafers with the radius r, one end of each microstrip patch is a complete semicircle, the other end of each microstrip patch is a notch end, and the notch end is a feed end; the notch end is in an arc shape protruding towards the side far away from the circle center, and the curvature of the arc is smaller than that of an arc where the incomplete wafer forms the complete wafer;
the two microstrip patches are stacked on the upper wall surface of the antenna dielectric plate, are arranged left and right, the complete semicircular ends are positioned at the left end and the right end of the antenna dielectric plate, the notch ends are positioned close to the central axis of the antenna dielectric plate, which is perpendicular to the long side, and are not attached to each other, and a feed gap is formed between the two notch ends;
wherein: r is a number greater than 0.
Further, the arc is an arc of a circle with radius R, and 1.2R <2.5R, wherein: r is a number greater than 0.
Further, the upper and lower sections of the circular arc are symmetrical about a center line passing through both the left and right short sides of the antenna dielectric plate.
Further, the arc is obtained by the following method: taking the concentric position of the circle where the circular arc is positioned and the microstrip patch as a starting point, the translation distance of the circle where the circular arc is positioned towards the center of the circle far away from the microstrip patch is d, and R-R is less than d is less than R-r+1/3R.
Further, at the notch end: the missing part of the semicircle with radius r accounts for a proportion of a of the wafer, and 0< a <0.177.
Further, the two microstrip patches do not exceed the long side and the short side of the antenna dielectric plate at the end of the microstrip patches.
Further, the width of the finest part of the feed slot is 3-5mm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the microstrip patch adopts a structure that two circles with different radiuses are intersected, namely, the microstrip patch is an incomplete wafer, one end of the microstrip patch is a complete semicircle, the other end of the microstrip patch is a notch end, the notch end of the microstrip patch is a feed end, the width of the microstrip patch at the feed end is larger, the change is gentle, the input impedance of the feed end antenna can be effectively reduced, and even the microstrip patch can be directly connected with a 50ohm feed transmission line, so that the feed design of the antenna is simplified, and the manufacturing cost of the antenna is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of an ultra wideband antenna of a ground penetrating radar in an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an ultra wideband antenna of a ground penetrating radar in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the ratio of the radius of the circle where the arc is located to the radius of the microstrip patch on the performance of the ultra-wideband antenna of the ground penetrating radar;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the effect of translational distance of the circle in which the arc is located on the performance of the ultra-wideband antenna of the ground penetrating radar;
FIG. 5 is a graph of return loss testing results for an ultra wideband antenna of a ground penetrating radar in an embodiment;
wherein: 1 microstrip patch, 2 antenna dielectric plate, 3 feed gap.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention discloses a ground penetrating radar ultra-wideband antenna, which is shown in figures 1 and 2, and comprises an antenna dielectric plate 2 and two microstrip patches 1, wherein: the antenna dielectric plate 2 is a rectangular plate body which is horizontally arranged, and the long edge of the antenna dielectric plate extends left and right;
the two microstrip patches 1 are incomplete wafers with the radius r, and the circle with the radius r is a small circle. One end of the power supply is a complete semicircle, the other end of the power supply is a notch end, and the notch end is a feed end; the notch end is in an arc shape protruding towards the side far away from the circle center, and the curvature of the arc is smaller than that of an arc where the incomplete wafer forms the complete wafer; at the notch end: the missing part of the semicircle with radius r accounts for a proportion of a of the wafer, and 0< a <0.177.
In preparing the microstrip patch 1, the specific operations are as follows: the circle where the circular arc is located and the circle with the radius r are two concentric circles, the circle where the circular arc is located is translated and intersected with the circle with the radius r, and the overlapping part of the two circles is the microstrip patch 1. The arc is obtained by the following method: taking the concentric position of the circle where the circular arc is positioned and the microstrip patch 1 as a starting point, the translation distance of the circle where the circular arc is positioned towards the center of the circle far away from the microstrip patch 1 is d, and R-R is less than d is less than R-r+1/3R.
The two microstrip patches 1 are stacked on the upper wall surface of the antenna dielectric plate 2, are distributed left and right, are positioned at the left end and the right end of the antenna dielectric plate 2, are positioned at the notch end, close to the central axis of the antenna dielectric plate 2, which is perpendicular to the long side, and are not attached to each other, and a feed gap 3 is formed between the two notch ends; the upper and lower segments of the circular arc are symmetrical about a center line passing through both the left and right short sides of the antenna dielectric plate 2. Wherein: r is a number greater than 0.
The arc is an arc of a circle with radius R, and 1.2R <2.5R, wherein: r > R and is a number greater than 0. The circle where the circular arc is located is a big circle, the radius of the big circle is set within a reasonable range, the radius of the big circle is too low, and the fluctuation of low-frequency impedance is larger, so that the low-frequency matching performance is deteriorated; too high a large radius of the circle causes deterioration of high-frequency matching performance.
The two microstrip patches 1 do not exceed the long and short sides of the antenna dielectric plate 2 at the end of the microstrip patches. The width of the finest part of the feed slot 3 is 3mm.
By adopting the microstrip patch 1 in the invention, as the arc line with a large radius circle is adopted at the feed end, the patch width is larger and the change is more gentle at the feed end, so that the input impedance of the antenna at the feed end can be effectively reduced, and the microstrip patch can be even directly connected with a 50ohm feed transmission line, thereby greatly simplifying the feed design of the antenna and reducing the manufacturing cost of the antenna. In order to verify the functions of the microstrip patch 1, the following experiments were designed: the antenna dielectric plate 2 adopts an epoxy resin plate, the thickness of the epoxy resin plate is 2mm, the radius of a small circle is fixed to be 100mm, the radius of a large circle is R, the translation distance of the large circles with different radiuses is kept to be R-r+10mm, and the characteristic impedance curve condition of the large circle is observed in CST electromagnetic simulation software by changing the radius of the large circle, so that the figure 3 is drawn. As can be seen from fig. 3, the larger the ratio of the radius of the circle indicates the larger the patch width at the feed, the flatter the arc change, and as can be seen from the figure, the larger the width, the smaller the antenna characteristic impedance.
To verify the effect of the translation distance of the large circle on its performance, the following experiment was designed: the radius of the large circle is fixed to be 200mm, the radius of the small circle is fixed to be 100mm, the dielectric plate is an epoxy resin plate, the thickness of the dielectric plate is 2mm, the width of the reserved feed gap is 3mm, a series of results are obtained in CST electromagnetic simulation software by changing the translation distance of the large circle, and as d increases, the bandwidth of the antenna decreases.
As one embodiment of the invention, the radius of the selected large circle is 250mm; the radius of the small circle is 150mm; the big circle and the small circle are concentric, and the big circle is translated and then intersected with the small circle; the translation distance of the large circle is 120mm; the antenna dielectric plate 2 is an epoxy resin plate, and the thickness of the antenna dielectric plate 2 is 2mm; the feed slot 3 is positioned at the center of the antenna dielectric plate 2, and the width of the feed slot 3 is 3mm; and simulating the antenna model in electromagnetic simulation software CST, and adding 50ohm lumped feed ports at the feed gap reserved between two metal patches for simulation after the antenna model is constructed according to the parameters.
As shown in fig. 5, a return loss test result diagram of the ultra-wideband antenna of the ground penetrating radar of the embodiment is given; as can be seen from FIG. 5, the bandwidth of the antenna-10 dB reaches 200-1800MHz, thereby realizing the ultra-wideband performance covering the low frequency band, and being applicable to the ground penetrating radar system.
According to the ultra-wideband antenna of the ground penetrating radar, two microstrip patches 1 are symmetrically arranged on the surface of an antenna dielectric plate 2, and a feed gap 3 is reserved between the two microstrip patches 1 for feeding; the microstrip patch 1 is innovatively formed by intersecting a large circle with a small circle, wherein the large circle and the small circle are originally concentric, and the large circle is translated and then intersected with the original small circle to obtain an overlapped part, namely the microstrip patch 1; wherein, two microstrip patches 1 are tangent with the long and short sides of the antenna dielectric plate 2 respectively. The two microstrip patches 1 have larger width at the center feed position and the width is changed slowly, so that the input impedance of the antenna at the feed position is greatly reduced, and the microstrip patches are convenient to directly connect with a 50ohm feed transmission line at the rear end, thereby greatly simplifying the design of a feed network and reducing the manufacturing cost of the antenna.
Claims (7)
1. The ultra-wideband antenna of the ground penetrating radar is characterized by comprising an antenna dielectric plate (2) and two microstrip patches (1), wherein:
the antenna dielectric plate (2) is a rectangular plate body which is horizontally arranged, and the long edge of the antenna dielectric plate extends left and right;
the two microstrip patches (1) are incomplete wafers with the radius r, one end of each incomplete wafer is a complete semicircle, the other end of each incomplete wafer is a notch end, and the notch end is a feed end; the notch end is in an arc shape protruding towards the side far away from the circle center, and the curvature of the arc is smaller than that of an arc where the incomplete wafer forms the complete wafer;
the two microstrip patches (1) are stacked on the upper wall surface of the antenna dielectric plate (2), are distributed left and right, the complete semicircular ends are positioned at the left and right ends of the antenna dielectric plate (2), the notch ends are positioned close to the central axis of the antenna dielectric plate (2) perpendicular to the long side and are not attached to each other, and a feed gap (3) is formed between the two notch ends;
wherein: r is a number greater than 0.
2. The ultra-wideband antenna of claim 1, wherein the arc is an arc of a circle having a radius R, and 1.2R <2.5R, wherein: r is a number greater than 0.
3. A ground penetrating radar ultra wideband antenna as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the upper and lower segments of said circular arc are symmetrical about a centre line passing through the left and right short sides of the antenna dielectric plate (2).
4. A ground penetrating radar ultra wideband antenna as claimed in claim 3, wherein said circular arc is obtained by: taking the concentric position of the circle where the circular arc is positioned and the microstrip patch (1) as a starting point, and the translation distance of the circle where the circular arc is positioned towards the position far away from the center of the microstrip patch (1) is d, wherein R-R is less than d is less than R-r+1/3R.
5. The ultra-wideband antenna of claim 4, wherein at said notch end: the missing part of the semicircle with radius r accounts for a proportion of a of the wafer, and 0< a <0.177.
6. A ground penetrating radar ultra wideband antenna as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that said two microstrip patches (1) do not exceed the long and short sides of the antenna dielectric plate (2) at the end thereof.
7. A ground penetrating radar ultra wideband antenna as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the width of the finest part of the feed slot (3) is 3-5mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311058980.6A CN116995434B (en) | 2023-08-22 | Ultra-wideband antenna of ground penetrating radar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311058980.6A CN116995434B (en) | 2023-08-22 | Ultra-wideband antenna of ground penetrating radar |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116995434A true CN116995434A (en) | 2023-11-03 |
| CN116995434B CN116995434B (en) | 2024-07-26 |
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