CN116988134A - Cleaning device and method for friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool - Google Patents
Cleaning device and method for friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN116988134A CN116988134A CN202310871523.2A CN202310871523A CN116988134A CN 116988134 A CN116988134 A CN 116988134A CN 202310871523 A CN202310871523 A CN 202310871523A CN 116988134 A CN116988134 A CN 116988134A
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 11
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JOTQIXXCBHIDKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolidine Chemical class CCN1CCN(C)C1 JOTQIXXCBHIDKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PQLAYKMGZDUDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium bromide Chemical compound Br[Al](Br)Br PQLAYKMGZDUDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 lithium aluminum hydride Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 23
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F1/00—Electrolytic cleaning, degreasing, pickling or descaling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cleaning device and a cleaning method for a forming tool for friction stir additive manufacturing, and belongs to the technical field of robot friction stir additive manufacturing. The purpose is to solve the problem that the welding tool is easy to be damaged due to long time for cleaning attached aluminum scraps in the process of cleaning the forming welding tool in friction stir material increase manufacturing. The manufacturing device comprises an electrochemical workstation, a computer, an electrolyte tank, a heating device and inert metal, wherein the electrochemical workstation is electrically connected with the electrochemical workstation, the positive electrode of the electrochemical workstation is connected with a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool, the negative electrode of the electrochemical workstation is electrically connected with the inert metal, the electrolyte tank is filled with electrolyte, the inert metal is arranged in the electrolyte tank, and the heating device is arranged in the electrolyte. The invention monitors the voltage in the cleaning process, can accurately control the cleaning time, and can not cause corrosion damage to the friction stir forming tool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tool cleaning device and a tool cleaning method, and belongs to the technical field of friction stir additive manufacturing of robots.
Background
The friction stir additive manufacturing technique is an all-solid-phase additive manufacturing technique derived based on a friction stir welding technique. The high-strength and toughness material-increasing part with uniform and refined structure is manufactured by friction heat generation between a special welding tool and a material under high-speed rotation and plasticization of the material to be increased under the stirring action of a stirring head, connection of the material to be increased with a substrate or an material-increasing layer under the upsetting action of a shaft shoulder and accumulation of the material plasticization layer by layer.
The friction stir additive manufacturing technology is mainly a friction stir additive manufacturing method which takes bars, plates and wires as raw materials, and has the most application prospect or a robot friction stir additive manufacturing method which takes wire raw materials as a main material. The method mainly comprises the steps of pushing wire raw materials by wire feeding equipment, extruding and crushing the wire raw materials by a feeding hole of a friction stir welding tool under the action of a feeding screw, and then plastically flowing the material under the action of large plastic deformation of a stirring pin to prepare the additive manufacturing part according to the expected planning. However, the method has some problems to be solved at present, after the additive manufacturing is finished, part of plasticizing metal is adhered to the surface of a feeding screw in the process of lifting the welding tool, and when friction stir additive manufacturing is performed again, the welding tool needs to be switched and cleaned. At present, the cleaning method for aluminum scraps mainly focuses on soaking and cleaning by using a strong alkaline solution, the process takes longer time and the generated bubbles pollute the air; and the welding tool is soaked in the strong alkaline solution, so that stress corrosion is easy to generate in the solution, the welding tool is seriously damaged, the service time is reduced, and the production cost is increased.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a cleaning device and a cleaning method for a friction stir additive manufacturing tool to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that a welding tool is easy to damage due to long time for cleaning adhered aluminum scraps and long cleaning time in the process of cleaning the forming welding tool in friction stir additive manufacturing, and provides a device and a method for cleaning the forming tool in friction stir additive manufacturing, and brief summary of the invention is provided below so as to provide basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a friction stir material increase makes forming tool cleaning device, includes electrochemical workstation, computer, electrolyte bath, heating device and inert metal, and electrochemical workstation is connected with the electricity, and the positive pole of electrochemical workstation is established with friction stir material increase makes forming tool and is connected, and electrochemical workstation's negative pole and inert metal electric connection, holds electrolyte in the electrolyte bath, and inert metal is arranged in the electrolyte, and heating device is arranged in the electrolyte.
Preferably: the friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool comprises a rotating module and a non-rotating module, wherein the non-rotating module is connected with the electric spindle stator or the tail end of the robot through bolts, the rotating module is connected with an electric spindle rotor, threads are arranged on the rotating module, and the rotating module is located inside the non-rotating module.
Preferably: the electrolyte contained in the electrolyte tank is prepared from the following raw materials: sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, aluminum trichloride, brominated 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazoline, citrate, EDTA-2Na, sodium gluconate, hard insoluble particles;
or hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, aluminum tribromide, toluene, ethylbenzene, citrate, EDTA-2Na, sodium gluconate, hard insoluble particles;
or aluminum trichloride, lithium aluminum hydride, tetrahydrofuran, citrate, EDTA-2Na, sodium gluconate, hard insoluble particles.
A cleaning method of a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool comprises the following steps:
step one: placing the welding tool in an electrolyte pool, and immersing the welding tool in the electrolyte;
step two: the electrochemical workstation is electrified, and the monitoring voltage changes along with time;
step three: when a significant fluctuation in voltage occurs, removal of the attached debris is completed and the electrochemical workstation is de-energized.
Preferably: the electrochemical working station applies pulse current with the density of 0.1-100A/dm2, the pulse frequency of 1-10000Hz, the duty ratio of 0.01-0.9 and the temperature of electrolyte above 80 ℃.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the rapid removal of the adhered aluminum scraps in the forming tool can be realized, and the high efficiency of friction stir additive manufacturing is ensured;
2. compared with the traditional method for directly soaking and removing, the method can accurately control the cleaning time and can not cause corrosion damage to the friction stir forming tool;
3. the invention is green and environment-friendly, no harmful gas is separated out to pollute the environment, and the electrolyte can be used for a long time without waste;
4. the invention has low cost, simple device, easy construction and good application prospect;
5. the invention is not only suitable for removing the adhered aluminum scraps in the friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool, but also suitable for magnesium alloy and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool cleaning device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of cleaning a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool.
In the figure, a 1-robot, a 2-motorized spindle, a 3-friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool, a 4-electrochemical cleaning system, 301-rotating modules, 302-non-rotating modules, 401-electrochemical workstations, 402-computers, 403-electrolyte reservoirs, 404-heating devices, 405-inert metals.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described below by means of specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1-3, a cleaning device for a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool in this embodiment is described, where an electrochemical cleaning system 4 includes an electrochemical workstation 401, a computer 402, an electrolyte tank 403, a heating device 404, and an inert metal 405, where the electrochemical workstation 401 is electrically connected to the computer 402, a positive electrode of the electrochemical workstation 401 is connected to the friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool, a negative electrode of the electrochemical workstation 401 is electrically connected to one end of the inert metal 405, an electrolyte is contained in the electrolyte tank 403, the other end of the inert metal 405 is placed in the electrolyte, the heating device 404 is placed in the electrolyte, the electrochemical workstation 401 is a chi electrochemical workstation, and a chronopotentiometric method of the chi electrochemical workstation is used to realize voltage monitoring; the invention has low cost, simple device, easy construction and good application prospect, is not only suitable for removing the adhered aluminum scraps in the friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool, but also suitable for magnesium alloy and the like, and provides reference for removing the alloy scraps adhered in the welding tool.
The second embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1-3, a cleaning device for a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool in this embodiment is described, and further includes a robot 1 and an electric spindle 2, wherein the end of the six-axis robot 1 is connected with a stator of the electric spindle 2 through a bolt, the friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool 3 includes a rotating module 301 and a non-rotating module 302, the non-rotating module 302 is connected with the stator of the electric spindle 2 or the end of the robot through a bolt, the rotating module 301 is connected with a rotor of the electric spindle 2, threads are provided on the rotating module 301, the rotating module 301 is located inside the non-rotating module 302, the rotating module 301 is electrically connected with an electrochemical workstation 401 through a conductive slip ring, and a computer 402 is electrically connected with the electric spindle 2.
And a third specific embodiment: referring to fig. 1-3, a cleaning device for a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool according to the present embodiment is described, wherein the electrolyte contained in the electrolyte tank 403 is an electrolyte for removing plasticized metal adhered to the inside of the friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool, and is prepared from the following raw materials: sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, aluminum trichloride, brominated 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazoline, citrate, EDTA-2Na, sodium gluconate, hard insoluble particles;
or hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, aluminum tribromide, toluene, ethylbenzene, citrate, EDTA-2Na, sodium gluconate, hard insoluble particles;
or aluminum trichloride, lithium aluminum hydride, tetrahydrofuran, citrate, EDTA-2Na, sodium gluconate, hard insoluble particles; the hard insoluble particles play a role in stripping away aluminum scraps or hydrated aluminides under the high-speed flow of electrolyte.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: 1-4, a cleaning method for a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool in the present embodiment is adopted, the cleaning device for the friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool is adopted, a wire raw material is transported to a gap between a rotating module 301 and a non-rotating module 302 under the action of wire feeding equipment, an electric spindle drives the rotating module 301 and the non-rotating module 302 to move relatively at a high speed, the wire raw material is crushed and plastified under the action of strong plastic deformation, and then layer-by-layer stacking of additive is started; after the additive manufacturing is finished, aluminum scraps are adhered to the surface of the feeding screw rod in the cutter lifting process in the forming tool, and the aluminum scraps adhered to the forming tool are required to be cleaned for the secondary additive manufacturing;
the method comprises the following steps:
step one: firstly, preparing an electrochemical cleaning aluminum alloy electrolyte 403, connecting a rotary module 301 to a positive electrode of a direct current pulse power supply, connecting inert metal 405 to a negative electrode of the direct current pulse power supply, placing a welding tool (a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool) in the electrolyte tank 403 by a robot 1, and immersing the welding tool in the electrolyte; during cleaning, the friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool does not need to be disassembled from the robot, the robot can also move to a cleaning position, additive manufacturing work can be directly performed after cleaning is completed, the efficiency is high, and the operation is simple and convenient;
step two: when the electrolyte is smaller than the set temperature of the electrolyte, the heating device 404 is started to heat the electrolyte, the electrochemical workstation 401 can be used as a direct current power supply, the electrochemical workstation 401 is started to be electrified, the electric spindle 2 is started to enable the stirring head to rotate at a high speed to drive the solution to flow, the non-rotating module is not moved, the pressurizing is realized through the forward rotation or the reverse rotation of the rotating module 301, the pressurizing is realized through threads, the flow rate in the stirring friction additive manufacturing forming tool 3 is accelerated, the inner wall of the forming tool is flushed by water flow under a higher pressure, meanwhile, the effect that hard insoluble particles strip away aluminum scraps or hydrated aluminides under the high-speed flowing of the electrolyte is accelerated, the reaction rate of the electrolyte and the aluminum scraps is accelerated, the combined action of physical and chemical aspects is realized, the attached aluminum scraps and other attachments are removed, the removal efficiency is improved, the electrochemical workstation 401 is connected with the computer 402 in the electrochemical accelerated corrosion process, and the voltage change curve along with time in the process of attaching the aluminum scraps on the forming tool is monitored;
step three: when the curve suddenly shows obvious waves, namely the voltage obviously fluctuates, which indicates that the anode material fluctuates, the welding tool is sacrificed, the removal of the attached scraps between the rotating module 301 and the non-rotating module 302 is completed, related signals are transmitted to the computer 402, the electrochemical workstation 401 stops power off, and the electrochemical cleaning work stops; the friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool does not need to be disassembled by a robot, the reaction generated during the cleaning of the electrolyte is free from atmospheric pollution, and the voltage monitoring is not damaged to the service of the tool; the robot 1 returns to the original material adding track to continue material adding, the time consuming time of the whole process is short, the welding tool does not need to be disassembled, the cleaning time is accurately controlled, and the forming tool is not damaged.
Fifth embodiment: referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, in the method for cleaning a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool according to the present embodiment, the electrochemical workstation 401 applies a pulse current with a density of 0.1 to 100A/dm2, a pulse frequency of 1 to 10000Hz, a duty ratio of 0.01 to 0.9, an electrolyte temperature is set to be above 80 ℃, and a rate of removing aluminum scraps is increased to complete cleaning for 10 to 15 minutes.
Example 1:
according to the cleaning method of the forming tool for friction stir additive manufacturing, which is mainly based on the fact that corrosion voltage of aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy and the like is inconsistent with that of an additive device, the material of the forming tool for friction stir additive manufacturing is H13 steel, the corrosion voltage is greater than that of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and the like, the forming tool is more corrosion-resistant, aluminum scraps are used as anodes to be corroded preferentially in the cleaning process, when the cleaning of the attached alloy scraps of the additive device is completed, corrosion can further occur on the additive device, at the moment, monitored voltage can be changed, and therefore the completion of alloy scraps cleaning work is judged, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
4043 aluminum alloy wire raw materials are transported to the gap between the rotary module 301 and the non-rotary module 302 under the action of wire feeding equipment, the electric spindle drives the rotary module 301 and the non-rotary module 302 to move relatively at high speed, the wire raw materials are crushed and plastified under the action of strong plastic deformation, and then additive manufacturing is started to be stacked layer by layer; after the additive manufacturing is finished, aluminum scraps are adhered to the surface of a feeding screw rod in the cutter lifting process in the forming tool, and the aluminum scraps in the forming tool need to be cleaned for the secondary additive manufacturing; at the moment, aluminum scraps attached to the inside of the friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool are removed; firstly, preparing an electrochemical cleaning aluminum alloy electrolyte 403, wherein the electrolyte 403 comprises sodium hydroxide (20 g/L), sodium chloride (10 g/L), sodium nitrate (5 g/L), aluminum trichloride (10 g/L), brominated 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazoline (10 g/L), citrate (0.5 g/L), EDTA-2Na (0.1 g/L), sodium gluconate (1 g/L), zirconia particles and the like, heating the electrolyte 403 to 80+/-5 ℃ through a heating device 404, connecting a rotating module 301 to a positive electrode of a power supply, connecting titanium inert metal 405 to a negative electrode of a direct current pulse power supply, immersing the titanium inert metal 405 and the direct current pulse power supply in the electrolyte, then opening an electrochemical workstation 401, setting a pulse current density of 20A/dm2 applied by the power supply, a pulse frequency of 2000Hz, a duty ratio of 0.3, starting the work of removing aluminum scraps in a forming tool, and simultaneously starting an electric spindle 2 to enable a stirring head 5000 to rotate at a high speed so as to drive the solution to flow; zirconia particles in the electrolyte 403 can peel away aluminum scraps or hydrated aluminides under the high-speed flow of the electrolyte; in the electrochemical accelerated corrosion process, the electrochemical workstation 401 is connected with the computer 402, a voltage change curve along with time in the process of removing the aluminum scraps attached to the forming tool is monitored, when voltage fluctuation DeltaV is more than 2V, which indicates that cleaning of the aluminum scraps attached to the inside of the forming tool is completed at the moment, related signals are transmitted to the computer 402, then electrochemical cleaning work is stopped, and the robot 1 returns to an original material adding track according to a set program to continue material adding.
Example 2
The cleaning method for the forming tool manufactured by friction stir additive manufacturing in the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
AZ31B magnesium alloy wire raw materials are conveyed to a gap between a rotating module 301 and a non-rotating module 302 under the action of wire feeding equipment, an electric spindle drives the rotating module 301 and the non-rotating module 302 to move relatively at a high speed, the wire raw materials are crushed and plastified under the action of strong plastic deformation, and then layer-by-layer stacking and material adding are started; after the additive manufacturing is completed, magnesium chips are adhered to the surface of the feeding screw rod in the cutter lifting process in the forming tool, and the magnesium chips in the forming tool need to be cleaned for the secondary additive manufacturing. Firstly, preparing an electrochemical cleaning aluminum alloy electrolyte 403, wherein the electrolyte 403 comprises sodium hydroxide (20 g/L), sodium chloride (10 g/L), sodium nitrate (5 g/L), aluminum trichloride (10 g/L), brominated 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazoline (10 g/L), citrate (0.5 g/L), EDTA-2Na (0.1 g/L), sodium gluconate (1 g/L), hard insoluble particles and the like, heating the electrolyte 403 to 60+/-5 ℃ through a heating device 404, connecting a rotating module 301 to a power supply anode, connecting a titanium inert metal 405 to a direct current pulse power supply cathode, simultaneously immersing the two in the electrolyte, then opening an electrochemical working station 401, setting a pulse current density of 10A/dm2 for the power supply, a pulse frequency of 1000Hz, a duty ratio of 0.25, starting the work of removing the aluminum scraps in the forming tool, simultaneously starting an electric spindle 2 to enable a stirring head 5000 to rotate at a high speed so as to drive the solution to flow; zirconia particles in the electrolyte 403 can peel magnesium scraps or magnesium precipitates away under the high-speed flow of the electrolyte; in the electrochemical accelerated corrosion process, the electrochemical workstation 401 is connected with the computer 402, the voltage change curve along with time in the process of removing the adhered magnesium chips on the forming tool is monitored, when the voltage fluctuation DeltaV is more than 1V, which indicates that the cleaning of the adhered magnesium chips in the forming tool is completed at the moment, related signals are transmitted to the computer 402, then the electrochemical cleaning work is stopped, the robot 1 returns to the original material adding track according to a set program to continue material adding, and the parameter is the optimal parameter.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions that are not contradictory can be arranged and combined, those skilled in the art can exhaust all the possibilities according to the mathematical knowledge of the arrangement and combination, so the present invention does not describe the technical solutions after the arrangement and combination one by one, but should be understood that the technical solutions after the arrangement and combination have been disclosed by the present invention.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a friction stir material increase makes shaping instrument cleaning device which characterized in that: the manufacturing device comprises an electrochemical workstation (401), a computer (402), an electrolyte tank (403), a heating device (404) and inert metal (405), wherein the electrochemical workstation (401) is electrically connected with the computer (402), the positive electrode of the electrochemical workstation (401) is connected with a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool, the negative electrode of the electrochemical workstation (401) is electrically connected with the inert metal (405), electrolyte is contained in the electrolyte tank (403), the inert metal (405) is arranged in the electrolyte, and the heating device (404) is arranged in the electrolyte.
2. The friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool cleaning device of claim 1, wherein: the friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool comprises a robot (1) and an electric spindle (2), wherein the tail end of the robot (1) is connected with a stator of the electric spindle (2), the friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool (3) comprises a rotating module (301) and a non-rotating module (302), the non-rotating module (302) is connected with the stator of the electric spindle (2) or a tail end bolt of the robot, the rotating module (301) is connected with a rotor of the electric spindle (2), threads are arranged on the rotating module (301), and the rotating module (301) is located inside the non-rotating module (302).
3. The friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool cleaning device of claim 1, wherein: the electrolyte contained in the electrolyte tank (403) is prepared from the following raw materials: sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, aluminum trichloride, brominated 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazoline, citrate, EDTA-2Na, sodium gluconate, hard insoluble particles;
or hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, aluminum tribromide, toluene, ethylbenzene, citrate, EDTA-2Na, sodium gluconate, hard insoluble particles;
or aluminum trichloride, lithium aluminum hydride, tetrahydrofuran, citrate, EDTA-2Na, sodium gluconate, hard insoluble particles.
4. A cleaning method for a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool is characterized by comprising the following steps: a friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool cleaning apparatus employing any of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
step one: placing the welding tool in an electrolyte tank (403), wherein the welding tool is immersed in the electrolyte;
step two: the electrochemical workstation (401) is powered on to monitor voltage changes with time;
step three: when a significant fluctuation in voltage occurs, removal of the attached debris is completed and the electrochemical workstation (401) is de-energized.
5. The friction stir additive manufacturing forming tool cleaning method of claim 4, wherein: the electrochemical workstation (401) applies pulse current with the density of 0.1-100A/dm2, the pulse frequency of 1-10000Hz, the duty ratio of 0.01-0.9, and the temperature of electrolyte is above 80 ℃.
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