CN116986728A - Alternating multistage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage and method thereof - Google Patents
Alternating multistage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116986728A CN116986728A CN202311096688.3A CN202311096688A CN116986728A CN 116986728 A CN116986728 A CN 116986728A CN 202311096688 A CN202311096688 A CN 202311096688A CN 116986728 A CN116986728 A CN 116986728A
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 202
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000011221 initial treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an alternating multi-stage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises the following steps: selecting any filter tank to continuously feed water; the first stage: the filter tank keeps that only water inflow and no water outflow are carried out for preliminary treatment of domestic sewage, and simultaneously backwash is carried out on the other filter tank, and backwash water is deeply treated through a sedimentation tank and a third filter tank; and a second stage: after the back flushing of the back flushing filter tank is finished, the filter tank which keeps the water inflow carries out primary treatment on the domestic sewage, the water outflow of the filter tank which keeps the water inflow is further treated by the back flushing filter tank, and the water outflow after further treatment is further treated by the sedimentation tank and the third filter tank; and (5) alternately feeding water into different filters, and repeating the steps. The invention carries out back flushing while continuously feeding water, and carries out multistage aerobic anoxic reaction and integrated precipitation; the filter tanks in different modes are used for alternately feeding water, so that the high biological abundance of the filter tanks is maintained, and the removal rate of pollutants in the domestic sewage with low carbon nitrogen ratio is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment design, relates to sewage treatment equipment and a treatment method, and in particular relates to an alternating multi-stage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage and a method thereof.
Background
Domestic sewage is wastewater discharged from daily life of residents, and is mainly derived from residential buildings and public buildings such as houses, institutions, schools, hospitals, shops, public places, industrial enterprise toilets and the like. The source of the pollutants in the domestic sewage comprises various washing water, sewage, excrement and the like, and the pollutants mainly comprise organic matters such as carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, fat and the like, and plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like. The composition characteristics of the pollutants enable domestic sewage to show a phenomenon of low carbon nitrogen ratio in the treatment process, so that an additional carbon source is needed in the treatment process of the domestic sewage, and the growth factors needed by microorganisms for further removing the pollutants are met.
Domestic sewage is generally treated by adopting an activated sludge process, and the activated sludge process has the following advantages: the process is mature and the operation is rich; the organic matter removal rate is high, and the impact load resistance is high; the sludge sedimentation performance is good. However, the defects of the method are obvious, such as large occupied area, large sludge yield, large energy consumption and low nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency.
Accordingly, there is a need for related art and equipment innovations to address the problem of low carbon to nitrogen ratio domestic sewage treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an alternating multi-stage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage and a method thereof, which are a process for alternating water inlet, automatic control and integrated treatment, and can realize multistage aerobic anoxic treatment and integrated precipitation function in the whole plug flow process, thereby improving the removal rate of pollutants in the domestic sewage with low carbon nitrogen ratio.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an alternating multistage aeration biological filter device for treating domestic sewage, which comprises a functional area and a functional area external structure; the functional area comprises a filter A, a filter B, a filter C and a sedimentation tank which are mutually independent, wherein an upper packing layer, a branch pipe of a middle aeration pipe, a lower packing layer, a bearing layer and filter bricks are arranged in the filter A, the filter B and the filter C in sequence from top to bottom; the external structure of the functional area comprises a water inlet pipe, a sedimentation water outlet pipe, a sedimentation water inlet pipe, a blow-down pipe, a main pipe of a middle aeration pipe, a water and gas distribution box, a filter communicating pipe and a back flushing water inlet pipe, a back flushing air inlet pipe and a clarification water outlet pipe which are respectively communicated with the filter A, the filter B, the filter C and the sedimentation tank.
Furthermore, the water and gas distribution boxes are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the filter tank A, the filter tank B and the filter tank C, and the water and gas distribution boxes are used for uniformly distributing water and gas to the filter bricks for one time when the water and gas distribution boxes are in a back flushing state; and secondly, when the water is clarified, the water collected by the filter bricks is converged and then discharged.
Further, the water inlet pipe, the middle aeration pipe, the filter tank communicating pipe and the back flushing water inlet pipe, the back flushing air inlet pipe and the clarification water outlet pipe are respectively communicated with the filter tank A, the filter tank B and the filter tank C; the blow-down pipe, the sedimentation water outlet pipe and the sedimentation water inlet pipe are respectively communicated with the filter tank A, the filter tank B, the filter tank C and the sedimentation tank.
Further, the supporting layer is made of crushed stone or other materials with sufficient strength and porosity; the materials of the lower packing layer and the upper packing layer adopt particles with excellent dephosphorization function; the filter brick firstly evenly distributes water and gas to the supporting layer, the lower packing layer and the upper packing layer for the secondary and the tertiary of back flushing water inflow and air inflow, and secondly collects clarified water.
Further, a radial flow pipe is vertically arranged in the center of the sedimentation tank, and a sedimentation water outlet weir is arranged at the upper part of the sedimentation tank.
Further, the filter tank A, the filter tank B, the filter tank C and the sedimentation tank in the functional area are arranged in a straight shape or in a field shape, and can be arranged according to the topography.
The method for treating domestic sewage by using the alternating multi-stage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting any filter tank to continuously feed water;
(2) The first stage: the filter tank keeps that only water is not fed to carry out primary treatment on domestic sewage, and simultaneously the other filter tank carries out back flushing, and the back flushing water is deposited by a sedimentation tank and is deeply treated by a third filter tank;
(3) And a second stage: the back flushing of the back flushing filter tank is finished, the filter tank which keeps the water inflow carries out primary treatment on domestic sewage, the water outlet of the filter tank which keeps the water inflow carries out further treatment through the back flushing filter tank, and the water outlet after the further treatment carries out sedimentation through a sedimentation tank and advanced treatment of a third filter tank;
(4) And (3) alternately feeding water into different filters, and repeating the steps (1) to (3), so that the high biological abundance of the filters is maintained, and the removal rate of pollutants in the domestic sewage with low carbon nitrogen ratio is improved.
Further, the first stage: when any filter tank is selected to feed water, the water flow in the filter tank flows downwards from top to bottom, and sequentially passes through the upper packing layer aerobic treatment, the lower packing layer anoxic treatment, the supporting layer and the filter bricks, the middle aeration pipe continuously supplies oxygen for the upper packing layer, and the filter tank carries out primary treatment on pollutants in sewage;
when the filter tank is fed with water, the other filter tank is backwashed, and the backwashed mode is air-water backwashed; the back flushing effluent enters a radial flow pipe of a sedimentation tank from a sedimentation water inlet pipe, stands for sedimentation, and the sedimentation effluent overflows to a sedimentation water outlet weir and flows into a third filter tank from a sedimentation water outlet pipe;
the water flow in the third filter tank flows downwards from top to bottom, sequentially passes through the upper packing layer aerobic treatment, the lower packing layer anoxic treatment, the supporting layer and the filter bricks, the middle aeration pipe continuously provides oxygen for the upper packing layer, at the moment, the sewage passes through an aerobic anoxic process, the pollutants in the sewage are subjected to advanced treatment, and the sewage after the advanced treatment meets the discharge requirement and is discharged nearby from the clarification water outlet pipe.
Further, the second stage: after the back flushing of the back flushing filter tank is finished, the primarily treated effluent water of the filter tank with water inlet maintained is collected through filter bricks and enters the water and gas distribution box of the back flushing filter tank through a filter tank communicating pipe and a back flushing water inlet pipe, and then the filter bricks of the back flushing filter tank are uniformly distributed to a supporting layer, a lower packing layer and an upper packing layer from bottom to top in sequence, and the middle aeration pipe continuously provides oxygen for the upper packing layer to further treat pollutants in sewage;
the effluent after further treatment enters a radial flow pipe of a sedimentation tank from a sedimentation water inlet pipe for standing and sedimentation, and the sediment effluent overflows to a sediment water outlet weir and flows into a third filter tank from a sediment water outlet pipe;
the water flow in the third filter tank flows downwards from top to bottom, sequentially passes through the upper packing layer aerobic treatment, the lower packing layer anoxic treatment, the supporting layer and the filter bricks, the middle aeration pipe continuously provides oxygen for the upper packing layer, the pollutant in the sewage is subjected to advanced treatment, and the sewage after the advanced treatment meets the discharge requirement and is discharged nearby from the clarification water outlet pipe.
Further, when the sludge in the sedimentation tank reaches a high amount, a sludge pump is adopted to pump out the sludge for outward transportation;
when the device is operated at a place where the device is required to be replaced, the water in the functional area is emptied from the emptying pipe and then transported by a vehicle.
The invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) With respect to "alternating": the invention provides nutrient substances for raw water through different modes switching and through different modes of alternately feeding water of the aeration biological filter (such as modes of filter A-filter B-sedimentation tank-filter C, filter B-filter A-sedimentation tank-filter C, filter C-filter B-sedimentation tank-filter A and the like), thereby ensuring the same richness of microorganisms in different filters and further ensuring the treatment efficiency of equipment.
(2) With respect to "multistage": firstly, the invention sets a plurality of aeration biological filters, and realizes the multistage treatment of the whole device aiming at domestic sewage through the continuous treatment of the aeration biological filters. And secondly, an upper packing layer, a lower packing layer, a supporting layer and filter bricks are sequentially arranged on each biological aerated filter from top to bottom, and water flows from top to bottom so as to sequentially pass through aerobic treatment of the upper packing layer, anoxic treatment of the lower packing layer and water collection and water discharge of the filter bricks, thereby completing multistage treatment of each biological aerated filter.
(3) The invention can continuously feed water and backwash the filter tank, thereby realizing continuous operation of the device on the basis of ensuring the quality of the discharged water. And after the back flushing is finished, the back flushing effluent is treated by a filter tank, so that the effluent is discharged up to the standard.
(4) According to the invention, through the technology of the Internet of things, the equipment can automatically operate, and unattended operation is realized.
(5) The invention is integrated equipment, integrates sewage treatment function, can realize on-site rapid installation by vehicle transportation and avoiding interference of construction boundary conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention;
wherein: 1-water inlet pipe, 2-spoke flow pipe, 3-precipitation water outlet pipe, 4-precipitation water outlet weir, 5-blow-down pipe, 6-precipitation water inlet pipe, 7-middle aeration pipe, 8-water distribution gas distribution box, 9-filter tank communicating pipe and back flushing water inlet pipe, 10-back flushing air inlet pipe, 11-clarified water outlet pipe, 12-upper packing layer, 13-lower packing layer, 14-supporting layer and 15-U-shaped filter brick;
a-filter A, B-filter B, C-filter C and D-sedimentation tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purposes and the effects of the implementation of the invention easy to understand, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the attached drawings.
An alternating multistage aeration biological filter device for treating domestic sewage is a reaction unit which is controlled by an electric valve, realizes continuous water inflow and backwash, performs multistage aerobic anoxic reaction and integrates precipitation.
Example 1:
an alternating multistage aeration biological filter device for treating domestic sewage comprises a functional area (an inner member containing the functional area) and an outer structure of the functional area.
The functional areas comprise a filter A, a filter B, a filter C and a sedimentation tank D, and the functional areas can be arranged in a straight line, a field or other modes and can be flexibly arranged according to the field conditions. As shown in FIG. 1, the functional areas of the embodiment are arranged in a straight line, and a filter tank A, a filter tank B, a sedimentation tank D and a filter tank C are arranged from left to right.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 1, the external structure of the functional area includes: a water inlet pipe 1, a sediment water outlet pipe 3, a blow-down pipe 5, a sediment water inlet pipe 6, a main pipe of a middle aeration pipe 7, a water distribution and air distribution box 8, a filter tank communicating pipe and a back flushing water inlet pipe 9, a back flushing air inlet pipe 10 and a clarification water outlet pipe 11. The main body (functional area) of the device and the water and gas distribution box 8 are made of carbon steel or other materials with the same characteristics. The external structure of the functional area also comprises a back flush water pump, a back flush fan, a water inlet pump, a mud pump, an electric valve and the like.
The water inlet pipe 1, the middle aeration pipe 7, the filter communicating pipe and the back flushing water inlet pipe 9, the back flushing air inlet pipe 10 and the clarification water outlet pipe 11 are respectively communicated with the filter A, the filter B and the filter C.
The blow-down pipe 5, the sedimentation water outlet pipe 3 and the sedimentation water inlet pipe 6 are respectively communicated with the filter tank A, the filter tank B, the filter tank C and the sedimentation tank D.
According to the head loss calculation of the treatment scale, the heights of different functional pipes such as the water inlet pipe 1, the sediment water inlet pipe 6, the clarification water outlet pipe 11 and the like are calculated, holes are formed at corresponding positions on the functional area, and corresponding pipelines and electric valves are installed.
The outer sides of the filter tank A, the filter tank B and the filter tank C in the functional area are respectively provided with a water and gas distribution box 8, and the water and gas distribution box 8 is used for uniformly distributing water and gas to the U-shaped filter bricks 15 for one time when the water and gas are backwashed in a backwashing state; and secondly, when the water is clarified, the water collected by the U-shaped filter bricks 15 is converged and discharged. The installation position of the water and gas distribution box 8 is determined according to the installation position of the U-shaped filter bricks 15, the water and gas distribution box 8 is of a hollow structure, the water and gas distribution box 8 is communicated with the U-shaped filter bricks 15 through perforated pipelines, and the length-width ratio of the water and gas distribution box 8 needs to cover the pipelines communicated with the U-shaped filter bricks 15 in the filter tank.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 2, the internal components of the functional area include: the device comprises a radiation pipe 2, a sedimentation water weir 4, a branch pipe of a middle aeration pipe 7, an upper packing layer 12, a lower packing layer 13, a bearing layer 14 and a U-shaped filter brick 15.
The center of the sedimentation tank D is vertically provided with a radiation pipe 2, and the pipe diameter of the radiation pipe 2 is designed and calculated according to the treatment scale and the water flow. The radiation pipe 2 is at least 0.3m away from the bottom of the sedimentation tank D, and the interval is the sludge sedimentation volume. The radiation pipe 2 is made of stainless steel or other corrosion-resistant materials.
The sedimentation tank D is provided with a sedimentation water weir 4 at a position at least 0.5m away from the top of the sedimentation tank D, and the installation position of the sedimentation water weir 4 is determined according to the position of the opening of the functional pipe on the sedimentation tank D calculated before. The sedimentation water outlet weir 4 is a movable device, and the height of the sedimentation water outlet weir can be adjusted according to the site condition (water depth). The opening of the sedimentation water outlet weir 4 is designed according to the inflow rate.
The filter A, the filter B and the filter C are internally provided with U-shaped filter bricks 15, a bearing layer 14, a lower filler layer 13, a branch pipe of the middle aeration pipe 7 and an upper filler layer 12 from bottom to top.
The carrier layer 14 is made of crushed stone or other material having sufficient strength and porosity and has a pore size larger than that of the lower packing layer 13.
The materials of the lower packing layer 13 and the upper packing layer 12 adopt particles with excellent dephosphorization function (the particles with the dephosphorization function are prepared according to a biochar ceramsite particle packing production method of patent ZL 202211109432.7, which is not described here), and meanwhile, the particles have larger specific surface area and can provide adhesion for microorganism growth.
The branch pipes of the middle aeration pipe 7 adopt the form of perforated aeration pipes in the filter A, the filter B and the filter C.
The U-shaped filter brick 15 firstly evenly distributes water and gas to the supporting layer 14, the lower packing layer 13 and the upper packing layer 12 for the secondary and tertiary of back flushing water and gas inlet; and secondly, collecting clarified effluent.
Example 2:
the process of performing the alternating multi-stage treatment of the domestic sewage by using the alternating multi-stage aeration biological filter device for treating the domestic sewage of the embodiment 1 is as follows:
for example, first select mode one: mode operation of filter A-filter B-sedimentation tank D-filter C:
(1) When the incoming water elevation is higher than the device elevation, self-flowing water inflow (or water inflow by a water pump when the incoming water elevation is lower than the device elevation) is adopted, and the water inflow is controlled by an electric valve, so that the water inflow of the filter tank A is realized (the filter tank A in the following steps always keeps in a water inflow state).
(2) The first stage: the filter tank A is kept to carry out primary treatment on domestic sewage only by water inflow and water outflow, and meanwhile, the filter tank B is backwashed, and backwashed water is subjected to sedimentation in the sedimentation tank D and advanced treatment in the filter tank C:
specific: when the filter tank A is filled with water (the process that the filter tank A cannot discharge water and keeps water storage at the moment), pollutants in the filter tank A diffuse downwards and sequentially pass through the upper packing layer 12 (aerobic treatment), the lower packing layer 13 (anoxic treatment), the supporting layer 14 and the U-shaped filter bricks 15, the middle aeration pipe 7 continuously provides oxygen for the upper packing layer 12, and at the moment, sewage passes through the aerobic and anoxic processes to carry out primary treatment on the pollutants in the sewage.
When the filter tank A is filled with water, the filter tank B is backwashed, and the backwashed mode is air-water backwashed.
The backwashed water enters the radial flow pipe 2 of the sedimentation tank D from the sedimentation water inlet pipe 6 through the electric valve control for standing sedimentation, and the sediment water overflows to the sedimentation water outlet weir 4 and flows into the filter tank C from the sedimentation water outlet pipe 3 through the electric valve control. The water flow in the filter tank C flows downwards from top to bottom and sequentially passes through the upper packing layer 12 (aerobic treatment), the lower packing layer 13 (anoxic treatment), the supporting layer 14 and the U-shaped filter bricks 15, the middle aeration pipe 7 continuously provides oxygen for the upper packing layer 12, at the moment, the sewage passes through an aerobic anoxic process, the pollutants in the sewage are subjected to advanced treatment, and the sewage after the advanced treatment meets the discharge requirement and is nearly discharged from the clear water outlet pipe 11.
(3) And a second stage: and after the back flushing of the filter tank B is finished, the filter tank A performs primary treatment on domestic sewage, the effluent of the filter tank A is further treated by the filter tank B, and the effluent of the filter tank B is precipitated by the precipitation tank D and is deeply treated by the filter tank C:
specifically, when the back flushing of the filter tank B is finished, sewage is controlled by an electric valve to be gathered from a U-shaped filter brick 15 of the filter tank A after aerobic anoxic treatment of the filter tank A from top to bottom, and then enters the water and gas distribution box 8 of the filter tank B from a water distribution and gas distribution box 8 of the filter tank A by means of an electric valve to control a filter tank communicating pipe and a back flushing water inlet pipe 9, the primarily treated sewage is sequentially and uniformly distributed to a supporting layer 14, a lower packing layer 13 and an upper packing layer 12 from the U-shaped filter brick 15 in the filter tank B, the middle aeration pipe 7 continuously supplies oxygen for the upper packing layer 12, and at the moment, the sewage is subjected to an anoxic and aerobic process to further treat pollutants in the sewage.
The effluent of the filter tank B enters the spoke flow pipe 2 in the sedimentation tank D from the sedimentation water inlet pipe 6 through the electric valve control for standing sedimentation, the sediment effluent overflows to the sediment water outlet weir 4 to flow into the filter tank C from the sediment water outlet pipe 3 through the electric valve control, the water flow flows downwards from top to bottom, sequentially passes through the upper packing layer 12 (aerobic treatment), the lower packing layer 13 (anoxic treatment), the supporting layer 14 and the U-shaped filter bricks 15, the middle aeration pipe 7 continuously provides oxygen for the upper packing layer 12, at the moment, the sewage passes through the aerobic anoxic process for carrying out advanced treatment on the pollutants in the sewage, and the sewage after the advanced treatment meets the discharge requirement and is nearly discharged from the clarification water outlet pipe 11.
(4) And (3) the processing operation process in one mode is adopted, one mode is selected again, the steps (1) - (3) are repeated, the same richness of microorganisms in different filters is ensured through the switching operation in different modes, and the processing efficiency of the filters is further ensured.
And when the sludge in the sedimentation tank D reaches a certain amount, pumping out the sludge by adopting a sludge pump for outward transportation.
When the equipment is in need of changing places to run, the electric valve is used for controlling the emptying pipe 5 to empty water, and then the vehicle-mounted transportation is used.
The alternating multistage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage and the method thereof realize continuous water inflow and backwash by the electric valve control, and carry out multistage aerobic anoxic reaction and integrated precipitation units. In conclusion, the alternating multi-stage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage and the method thereof can meet engineering construction requirements and application.
Example 3:
the same parts as those of embodiment 2 will not be described in detail.
Firstly, selecting a mode II: mode operation of filter B-filter a-sedimentation tank-filter C:
(1) The filter tank B always keeps in a water inlet state;
(2) The first stage: the filter tank B is kept to carry out primary treatment on domestic sewage only by water inflow and no water outflow, meanwhile, the filter tank A carries out back flushing, and the back flushing water outflow is subjected to sedimentation in the sedimentation tank D and advanced treatment in the filter tank C:
(3) And a second stage: and after the back flushing of the filter tank A is finished, the filter tank B performs primary treatment on the domestic sewage, the effluent of the filter tank B is further treated by the filter tank A, and the effluent of the filter tank A is precipitated by the precipitation tank D and is deeply treated by the filter tank C.
(4) And (3) the processing operation process in one mode is adopted, one mode is selected again, the steps (1) - (3) are repeated, the same richness of microorganisms in different filters is ensured through the switching operation in different modes, and the processing efficiency of the filters is further ensured.
Example 4:
the same parts as those of embodiment 2 will not be described in detail.
Mode three is selected firstly: mode operation of filter C-filter B-sedimentation tank-filter a:
(1) The filter tank C always keeps in a water inlet state;
(2) The first stage: the filter tank C is kept to carry out primary treatment on domestic sewage only by water inlet and water outlet, and simultaneously the filter tank B is backwashed, and backwashed water is subjected to sedimentation in the sedimentation tank D and advanced treatment in the filter tank A:
(3) And a second stage: and after the back flushing of the filter tank B is finished, the filter tank C performs primary treatment on the domestic sewage, the effluent of the filter tank C is further treated by the filter tank B, and the effluent of the filter tank B is precipitated by the precipitation tank D and is deeply treated by the filter tank A.
(4) And (3) the processing operation process in one mode is adopted, one mode is selected again, the steps (1) - (3) are repeated, the same richness of microorganisms in different filters is ensured through the switching operation in different modes, and the processing efficiency of the filters is further ensured.
The modes of embodiments 2-4 described above are not exhaustive.
Claims (10)
1. An alternating multistage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage, which is characterized by comprising a functional area and a functional area external structure; the functional area comprises a filter A, a filter B, a filter C and a sedimentation tank which are mutually independent, wherein an upper packing layer, a branch pipe of a middle aeration pipe, a lower packing layer, a bearing layer and filter bricks are arranged in the filter A, the filter B and the filter C in sequence from top to bottom; the external structure of the functional area comprises a water inlet pipe, a sedimentation water outlet pipe, a sedimentation water inlet pipe, a blow-down pipe, a main pipe of a middle aeration pipe, a water and gas distribution box, a filter communicating pipe and a back flushing water inlet pipe, a back flushing air inlet pipe and a clarification water outlet pipe which are respectively communicated with the filter A, the filter B, the filter C and the sedimentation tank.
2. An alternating multistage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer sides of the filter A, the filter B and the filter C are respectively provided with a water distribution and air distribution box, and the water distribution and air distribution box I is used for uniformly distributing water and air for back flushing to the filter bricks once when the water distribution and air distribution box I is in a back flushing state; and secondly, when the water is clarified, the water collected by the filter bricks is converged and then discharged.
3. An alternating multistage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water inlet pipe, the middle aeration pipe, the filter communicating pipe and the back flushing water inlet pipe, the back flushing air inlet pipe and the clarification water outlet pipe are respectively communicated with the filter A, the filter B and the filter C;
the blow-down pipe, the sedimentation water outlet pipe and the sedimentation water inlet pipe are respectively communicated with the filter tank A, the filter tank B, the filter tank C and the sedimentation tank.
4. An alternating multi-stage biological aerated filter apparatus for treating domestic sewage according to claim 3, wherein said support layer is of crushed stone or other material of sufficient strength and porosity; the materials of the lower packing layer and the upper packing layer adopt particles with excellent dephosphorization function; the filter brick firstly evenly distributes water and gas to the supporting layer, the lower packing layer and the upper packing layer for the secondary and the tertiary of back flushing water inflow and air inflow, and secondly collects clarified water.
5. An alternating multistage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage as claimed in claim 3, wherein a radial flow pipe is vertically arranged in the center of the sedimentation tank, and a sedimentation water outlet weir is arranged at the upper part of the sedimentation tank.
6. An alternating multistage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage as claimed in claim 3, wherein the filter a, the filter B, the filter C and the sedimentation tank of the functional area are arranged in a straight line or in a field shape, and can be arranged according to the topography.
7. A method for treating domestic sewage in alternating multiple stages using an alternating multiple stage biological aerated filter apparatus for treating domestic sewage according to any one of claims 1-6, the method comprising:
(1) Selecting any filter tank to continuously feed water;
(2) The first stage: the filter tank keeps that only water is not fed to carry out primary treatment on domestic sewage, and simultaneously the other filter tank carries out back flushing, and the back flushing water is deposited by a sedimentation tank and is deeply treated by a third filter tank;
(3) And a second stage: the back flushing of the back flushing filter tank is finished, the filter tank which keeps the water inflow carries out primary treatment on domestic sewage, the water outlet of the filter tank which keeps the water inflow carries out further treatment through the back flushing filter tank, and the water outlet after the further treatment carries out sedimentation through a sedimentation tank and advanced treatment of a third filter tank;
(4) And (3) alternately feeding water into different filters, and repeating the steps (1) to (3), so that the high biological abundance of the filters is maintained, and the removal rate of pollutants in the domestic sewage with low carbon nitrogen ratio is improved.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the first stage: when any filter tank is selected to feed water, the water flow in the filter tank flows downwards from top to bottom, and sequentially passes through the upper packing layer aerobic treatment, the lower packing layer anoxic treatment, the supporting layer and the filter bricks, the middle aeration pipe continuously supplies oxygen for the upper packing layer, and the filter tank carries out primary treatment on pollutants in sewage;
when the filter tank is fed with water, the other filter tank is backwashed, and the backwashed mode is air-water backwashed; the back flushing effluent enters a radial flow pipe of a sedimentation tank from a sedimentation water inlet pipe, stands for sedimentation, and the sedimentation effluent overflows to a sedimentation water outlet weir and flows into a third filter tank from a sedimentation water outlet pipe;
the water flow in the third filter tank flows downwards from top to bottom, sequentially passes through the upper packing layer aerobic treatment, the lower packing layer anoxic treatment, the supporting layer and the filter bricks, the middle aeration pipe continuously provides oxygen for the upper packing layer, at the moment, the sewage passes through an aerobic anoxic process, the pollutants in the sewage are subjected to advanced treatment, and the sewage after the advanced treatment meets the discharge requirement and is discharged nearby from the clarification water outlet pipe.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the second stage: after the back flushing of the back flushing filter tank is finished, the primarily treated effluent water of the filter tank with water inlet maintained is collected through filter bricks and enters the water and gas distribution box of the back flushing filter tank through a filter tank communicating pipe and a back flushing water inlet pipe, and then the filter bricks of the back flushing filter tank are uniformly distributed to a supporting layer, a lower packing layer and an upper packing layer from bottom to top in sequence, and the middle aeration pipe continuously provides oxygen for the upper packing layer to further treat pollutants in sewage;
the effluent after further treatment enters a radial flow pipe of a sedimentation tank from a sedimentation water inlet pipe for standing and sedimentation, and the sediment effluent overflows to a sediment water outlet weir and flows into a third filter tank from a sediment water outlet pipe;
the water flow in the third filter tank flows downwards from top to bottom, sequentially passes through the upper packing layer aerobic treatment, the lower packing layer anoxic treatment, the supporting layer and the filter bricks, the middle aeration pipe continuously provides oxygen for the upper packing layer, the pollutant in the sewage is subjected to advanced treatment, and the sewage after the advanced treatment meets the discharge requirement and is discharged nearby from the clarification water outlet pipe.
10. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the sludge in the sedimentation tank is pumped out for disposal by a sludge pump when the sludge reaches a high amount;
when the device is operated at a place where the device is required to be replaced, the water in the functional area is emptied from the emptying pipe and then transported by a vehicle.
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| CN202311096688.3A CN116986728A (en) | 2023-08-29 | 2023-08-29 | Alternating multistage biological aerated filter device for treating domestic sewage and method thereof |
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