CN116974082A - Near-to-eye display optical device with adjustable diopter - Google Patents
Near-to-eye display optical device with adjustable diopter Download PDFInfo
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- CN116974082A CN116974082A CN202310972331.0A CN202310972331A CN116974082A CN 116974082 A CN116974082 A CN 116974082A CN 202310972331 A CN202310972331 A CN 202310972331A CN 116974082 A CN116974082 A CN 116974082A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000001491 myopia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000004379 myopia Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004424 eye movement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
- G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/011—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for correcting geometrical aberrations, distortion
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Abstract
The application discloses a near-eye display optical device with adjustable diopter, which comprises: a display unit for providing imaging light; the first lens unit comprises at least one lens and is positioned on the light emitting side of the display unit, and the first lens unit moves relative to the display unit to realize focusing or moves synchronously with the display unit to realize focusing; the plane mirror imaging unit comprises a first film layer and a plane lens, wherein the plane lens is obliquely arranged relative to the display unit, and the first film layer is attached to one side of the plane lens, which is close to the curved lens, and is used for reflecting part of focused imaging light to the curved lens and transmitting real world information light; the curved lens is provided with a first semi-transparent semi-reflective film and is used for reflecting received imaging light rays to human eyes through the plane mirror imaging unit; and the focal length range is reasonably set. The device can be matched with myopia groups with different diopters, ensures that experience effects of different interpupillary distances and myopia groups are the same, and improves use experience feeling and comfort level of users.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of near-eye display, and particularly relates to a near-eye display optical device with adjustable diopter.
Background
The AR (Augmented Reality ) technology can superimpose virtual information to be displayed on the basis of real world information, and implementing the target technology requires that a designed system can directly perceive the real world information and display a virtual picture at the same time. One of the main technical solutions in the current industry is an optomachine matched waveguide solution, and the other is a geometrical optical solution (mainly a Birdbath solution). The optical machine is matched with the waveguide scheme to perform AR display through the display optical machine and the optical waveguide, however, the prior optical waveguide technology is limited, and high technical barriers are still required to be broken through in the aspects of display effect, yield and the like. The Birdbath scheme has high color reproducibility, contrast, and resolution, and can display a rich and colorful picture on the basis of a large FOV (Field of View).
The current Birdbath scheme has two structures of fixed focus and variable focus. Fixed focus refers to a structural scheme that a virtual image distance of an optical system is at a certain distance (usually 2-2.5 m), a clear image is difficult to directly observe for a general myopia, and the myopia can interfere with AR equipment or lose pictures due to pupil expansion position deviation when the myopia wears glasses directly. The magnetic myopia lens is adopted for assistance, so that the display and wearing effects can be improved to a certain extent, but the cost can be increased additionally. The variable-focus structure realizes the virtual image distance in a certain range through the movement of the optical lens, so that the application range of the product is enlarged, however, the distance between the fixed lens group and the variable-focus lens group in the optical system is required to be changed in a certain range for different virtual image distances, so that the basic optical performance is different under the condition of different virtual image distances, and the experience of different crowds is different.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the application provides the near-eye display optical device with adjustable diopter, which can be matched with myopia groups with different diopters, ensures that experience effects of different interpupillary distances and the myopia groups are the same, and improves use experience and comfort of users.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
the application provides a near-eye display optical device with adjustable diopter, which comprises a display unit, a first lens unit, a plane mirror imaging unit and a curved lens, wherein:
a display unit for providing imaging light;
the first lens unit comprises at least one lens and is positioned on the light emitting side of the display unit, and the first lens unit moves relative to the display unit to realize focusing or moves synchronously with the display unit to realize focusing;
the plane mirror imaging unit comprises a first film layer and a plane lens, wherein the plane lens is obliquely arranged relative to the display unit, the first film layer is attached to one side of the plane lens, which is close to the curved lens, and is used for reflecting part of imaging light rays focused by the first lens unit to the curved lens and transmitting real world information light rays;
the curved lens is provided with a first semi-transparent semi-reflective film at one side close to the first film layer and is used for reflecting received imaging light rays to human eyes for imaging through the plane mirror imaging unit;
and satisfies the following conditions:
16mm≤f1≤24mm；24mm≤f2≤40mm；15mm≤f≤23mm；
wherein f1 is the focal length of the first lens unit, f2 is the focal length of the curved lens, and f is the focal length of the diopter-adjustable near-eye display optical device.
Preferably, the first film layer includes a first polarizing unit for converting circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light and a second polarizing unit for transmitting polarized light in a first direction and reflecting polarized light in a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction, the second polarizing unit being located between the first polarizing unit and the plate lens.
Preferably, the first polarization unit is a quarter wave plate, and the second polarization unit is a polarization reflecting film.
Preferably, the first membrane layer is a second semi-permeable semi-reflective membrane.
Preferably, the mirror surface of each lens and the curved lens is a free combination of a spherical surface, an aspherical surface and a free curved surface.
Preferably, the first lens unit includes a first lens, the first lens is a biconvex aspherical lens or a plano-convex aspherical lens, the curved lens is a meniscus aspherical lens, and refractive indexes of the first lens unit and the curved lens are 1.45-1.65 and abbe numbers are 20-68.
Preferably, the aspherical mirror surfaces of the first lens unit and the curved lens satisfy the following formula:
wherein z is the sagittal height, r is the lens center height, k is the conic coefficient, C is the curvature, a i The aspherical coefficient of the 2 i-th order is obtained, and N is a positive integer.
Preferably, the radius of curvature, k, a, of the mirror surface on the first lens unit near the display unit 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially-20.45 mm, 0.86, 3E-5, -2.65E-7, -1.81E-8, 5.22E-11, 4.99E-14, and the curvature radius of the mirror surface facing away from the display unit, k and a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 20.58mm, -0.39, -4.19E-6, -6.86E-8, -3.41E-10, 1.62E-10, -1.34E-12 in this order; radius of curvature, k, a of mirror surface on curved lens near first film layer 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially-60.84 mm, 1.06, -1.01E-7, 1.44E-8, -1.50E-10, 3.58E-13, -7.69E-16, and the curvature radius of the mirror surface facing away from the first film layer, k and a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially comprises-62.05 mm, 1.01, -1.06E-7, 1.44E-8, -2.58E-10, 1.58E-13 and-6.97E-16.
Preferably, the radius of curvature, k, a, of the mirror surface on the first lens unit near the display unit 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 In the order of-40.32 mm, -9.68, 6.73E-5, 3.94E-7, -8.32E-8, 5.06E-11, 1.99E-14, the radius of curvature of the mirror surface facing away from the display element, k, a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 18.58mm, -1.05, 2.93E-5, 5.91E-7, -6.37E-9, 1.53E-10, -1.15E-12 in this order; radius of curvature, k, a of mirror surface on curved lens near first film layer 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially comprises-55.96 mm, 1.21, -1.95E-7, 1.92E-8, -9.01E-11, 3.28E-13 and-8.69E-16, and the curvature radius of the mirror surface facing away from the first film layer, k and a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially comprising-56.85 mm, 0.46, -3.63E-7, 9.14E-9, -2.34E-11, 7.58E-13 and-1.28E-16.
Preferably, the display unit is one of an OLED type light emitting panel, an LED type light emitting panel, an LCD type non-self light emitting panel, and an LCOS type non-self light emitting panel.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
the near-eye display optical device aims to provide a Birdbath scheme for the augmented reality field, so that the stability of optical performance under adjustable diopter is realized, and particularly, compared with the Birdbath scheme in the prior art, the near-eye display optical device aims at different myopes, different diopters can be realized through changing the virtual image distance of a system through the distance between adjusting elements (such as a focusing lens group and a fixed lens group), for example, diopter adjustment in the range of-5D to 0D can be realized, and myopes with different diopters can be matched without adding a myopic lens; meanwhile, the optical path design is carried out by adjusting parameters, the surface type of the first lens unit 2 and the curved lens 4 is optimized, the light data of each view field is controlled, the optical performances such as the angle of view, MTF, distortion and the like under different diopter adjusting configurations are basically consistent, the experience effect of different pupil distances and near vision groups is guaranteed to be the same, the use requirements of different groups are met, the angle of view range is 40-46 degrees, the whole eye movement range reaches 12mm multiplied by 8mm, and the use experience feeling and comfort of a user are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display optical device according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the surface profile of an optical element of a near-to-eye display optical device according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a MTF chart of diopter-1D of example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a MTF chart of diopter-3D of example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a MTF chart of diopter-5D of example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a distortion chart of diopter-1D of example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a distortion chart of diopter-3D of example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a distortion chart of diopter-5D of example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a MTF chart of diopter-1D of example 2 of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a MTF chart of diopter-3D of example 2 of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a MTF chart of diopter-5D of example 2 of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a distortion chart of diopter-1D of example 2 of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a distortion chart of diopter-3D of example 2 of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a distortion chart of diopter-5D of example 2 of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a display unit; 2. a first lens unit; 3. a plane mirror imaging unit; 4. a curved lens; 5. a human eye; 31. a first polarization unit; 32. a second polarization unit; 33. a flat lens.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a diopter adjustable near-eye display optical device includes a display unit 1, a first lens unit 2, a plane mirror imaging unit 3, and a curved lens 4, wherein:
a display unit 1 for providing imaging light;
the first lens unit 2 comprises at least one lens and is positioned on the light emitting side of the display unit 1, and the first lens unit 2 moves relative to the display unit 1 to realize focusing or moves synchronously with the display unit 1 to realize focusing;
the plane mirror imaging unit 3 comprises a first film layer and a plane lens 33, the plane lens 33 is obliquely arranged relative to the display unit 1, the first film layer is attached to one side of the plane lens 33, which is close to the curved lens 4, and is used for reflecting part of imaging light rays focused by the first lens unit 2 to the curved lens 4 and transmitting real world information light rays;
a curved lens 4, a first semi-transparent semi-reflective film is arranged on one side close to the first film layer, and is used for reflecting the received imaging light to the human eye 5 for imaging through the plane mirror imaging unit 3;
and satisfies the following conditions:
16mm≤f1≤24mm；24mm≤f2≤40mm；15mm≤f≤23mm；
where f1 is the focal length of the first lens unit 2, f2 is the focal length of the curved lens 4, and f is the focal length of the diopter-adjustable near-eye display optical device.
The purpose of the near-eye display optical device is to provide a Birdbath scheme for the augmented reality field, and to realize the stability of optical performance under adjustable diopter. Comprising a display unit 1, a first lens unit 2, a flat mirror imaging unit 3 and a curved lens 4. The light emitted from the display unit 1 is modulated by the first lens unit 2 and then enters the inclined plane mirror imaging unit 3, the plane mirror imaging unit 3 uses the first film layer to perform optical modulation and then reflects the light to the curved lens 4, the curved lens 4 can reflect a part of the light to the plane mirror imaging unit 3, and at this time, due to the change of the light state, the light is reflected back to the plane mirror imaging unit 3 by the curved lens 4, and then directly penetrates through the plane mirror imaging unit 3 to reach the exit pupil position (human eye 5).
The focal length of the first lens unit 2 ranges from 16mm to 24mm. According to the optimal design requirement, the first lens unit 2 can be independently arranged as a focusing lens group by combining with the design of an actual structural support, at this time, the display unit 1 is a fixed lens group or the first lens unit 2 and the display unit 1 are integrally arranged as a focusing lens group, and the plane mirror imaging unit 3 and the curved lens 4 are fixed lens groups.
The plane mirror imaging unit 3 is inclined by a certain angle (within the range of 30-45 degrees) by taking glass as a substrate (the flat lens 33), and according to practical design requirements, a special film layer can be plated on the plane mirror imaging unit or an optical element can be selectively attached to the plane mirror imaging unit, so that light emitted from the first lens unit 2 is reflected, meanwhile, the light reflected by the curved lens 4 is transmitted, a refraction and reflection path is realized by utilizing the optical characteristics of the film layer or the polarizing element, and the optical display effect is ensured.
The curved lens 4 has a certain curvature, an aspheric optimized light path can be adopted by an inner curved surface close to the plane mirror imaging unit 3, the focal length range of the curved lens 4 is 24-40 mm, and a film layer with semi-transparent and semi-reflective effects can be arranged on the inner curved surface so as to reflect part of light reflected by the plane mirror, and a refraction and reflection light path is formed. If the curved lens 4 is provided with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film on one side close to the first film layer, partial transmission and partial reflection are realized through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film, so that a user can display a virtual picture while perceiving real world information, and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film can be realized in a film coating mode or a film pasting mode.
The focal length of the whole near-eye display optical device is 15-23 mm, and the range of the field angle is 40-46 degrees, so that the whole eye movement range reaches 12mm multiplied by 8mm. Diopter adjustment in the range of-5D to 0D can be realized through movement of the focusing lens group, and the use requirements of most myopic people are met. The optical performance of each focusing configuration is controlled to be basically consistent through the optimization of the surface types of the first lens unit 2 and the curved lens 4, and the focusing configuration mainly comprises the characteristics of FOV, imaging definition, distortion and the like, so that different people are guaranteed to have the same visual experience, and the use experience and comfort of users are improved.
In an embodiment, the first film layer includes a first polarizing unit 31 and a second polarizing unit 32, the second polarizing unit 32 is located between the first polarizing unit 31 and the plate lens 33, the first polarizing unit 31 is used for converting circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light, and the second polarizing unit 32 is used for transmitting polarized light in a first direction and reflecting polarized light in a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
In one embodiment, the first polarization unit 31 is a quarter wave plate, and the second polarization unit 32 is a polarizing reflective film. It is easily understood that the first and second polarization units 31 and 32 may be replaced with structures having the same function as those in the related art.
In one embodiment, the first membrane layer is a second semi-permeable semi-reflective membrane. The semi-transparent and semi-reflective film is used for realizing partial transmission and partial reflection, so that a user can display a virtual picture while perceiving real world information, and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film can be realized in a film coating mode or a film pasting mode.
In one embodiment, the mirror surfaces of each lens and the curved lens 4 are free combinations of spherical, aspherical, and free-form surfaces.
In an embodiment, the first lens unit 2 includes a first lens, the first lens is a biconvex aspheric lens or a plano-convex aspheric lens, the curved lens 4 is a concave-convex aspheric lens, the refractive indexes of the first lens unit 2 and the curved lens 4 are 1.45-1.65, and the abbe numbers are 20-68. It is easy to understand that the number of lenses in the first lens unit 2, and the mirror surface shape of each lens and the curved lens 4 can also be adjusted according to actual requirements, preferably, the first lens unit 2 includes 1-2 aspherical lenses, and the aspherical lenses can adopt a biconvex aspherical configuration or a plano-convex aspherical configuration according to the optimized control result, and the materials can be glass or plastic. Besides the above alternatives, a lens group or a curved lens with higher degree of freedom may be used, for example, a structure with a free curved surface instead of the surface type may be used.
In one embodiment, the aspherical mirror surfaces of the first lens unit 2 and the curved lens 4 satisfy the following formula:
wherein z is the sagittal height, r is the lens center height, k is the conic coefficient, C is the curvature, a i The aspherical coefficient of the 2 i-th order is obtained, and N is a positive integer.
In an embodiment, a first lens unit2 radius of curvature, k, a of the mirror surface on the display unit 1 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 In the order of-20.45 mm, 0.86, 3E-5, -2.65E-7, -1.81E-8, 5.22E-11, 4.99E-14, radius of curvature of the mirror surface facing away from the display unit 1, k, a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 20.58mm, -0.39, -4.19E-6, -6.86E-8, -3.41E-10, 1.62E-10, -1.34E-12 in this order; radius of curvature, k, a of mirror surface on curved lens 4 near first film layer 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially-60.84 mm, 1.06, -1.01E-7, 1.44E-8, -1.50E-10, 3.58E-13, -7.69E-16, and the curvature radius of the mirror surface facing away from the first film layer, k and a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially comprises-62.05 mm, 1.01, -1.06E-7, 1.44E-8, -2.58E-10, 1.58E-13 and-6.97E-16.
In an embodiment, the radius of curvature, k, a, of the mirror surface on the first lens unit 2 near the display unit 1 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 In the order of-40.32 mm, -9.68, 6.73E-5, 3.94E-7, -8.32E-8, 5.06E-11, 1.99E-14, radius of curvature of the mirror surface facing away from the display unit 1, k, a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 18.58mm, -1.05, 2.93E-5, 5.91E-7, -6.37E-9, 1.53E-10, -1.15E-12 in this order; radius of curvature, k, a of mirror surface on curved lens 4 near first film layer 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially comprises-55.96 mm, 1.21, -1.95E-7, 1.92E-8, -9.01E-11, 3.28E-13 and-8.69E-16, and the curvature radius of the mirror surface facing away from the first film layer, k and a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially comprising-56.85 mm, 0.46, -3.63E-7, 9.14E-9, -2.34E-11, 7.58E-13 and-1.28E-16.
In one embodiment, the display unit 1 is one of an OLED type light emitting panel, an LED type light emitting panel, an LCD type non-self-luminous panel, and an LCOS type non-self-luminous panel. The display unit 1 may be a self-luminous panel OLED type (Organic Light Emitting Display, organic light emitting diode), LED type (Light Emitting Display, light emitting diode), or non-self-luminous panel LCD type (Liquid Crystal Display ) or LCOS type (Liquid Crystal Of Silicon, liquid crystal on silicon), and the display unit 1 may further be selectively attached with an optical element for facilitating display according to display requirements. If the display unit 1 is an OLED type light-emitting panel, the outgoing light can be modulated into circularly polarized light by the attached optical elements, and the corresponding first film layer can include the first polarizing unit 31 and the second polarizing unit 32.
The technical solution of the present application is further described below by introducing the embodiments of the near-eye display optical device described above. Where the surface number 501 indicates the pupil position (i.e. the human eye 5), 402 indicates the mirror surface of the curved lens 4 facing away from the first polarizing unit 31, 401 indicates the mirror surface of the curved lens 4 facing away from the first polarizing unit 31, 307 indicates the mirror surface of the flat lens 33 facing away from the curved lens 4, 306 indicates the mirror surface of the flat lens 33 facing away from the curved lens 4, 305, 302 each indicate the mirror surface of the second polarizing unit 32 facing away from the first polarizing unit 31, 304, 303, 301 each indicate the mirror surface of the first polarizing unit 31 facing away from the curved lens 4, 202 indicates the mirror surface of the first lens unit 2 facing away from the display unit 1, 201 indicates the mirror surface of the first lens unit 2 facing away from the display unit 1, 102 indicates the exit surface of the display unit 1, and 101 indicates the image exit surface. Where 101 is the image exit surface, i.e. the display screen image surface of the display unit 1. In practice, a layer of protective glass is provided on the display screen, and 102 may be a surface of the protective glass near the plane mirror imaging unit 3. If a polarizing element (such as a polarizing plate and a quarter wave plate) is attached to the cover glass, 102 is a surface of the polarizing element near the plane mirror imaging unit 3.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the near-eye display optics is a miniature projector that can generate virtual images. According to the light ray trend distribution, the display device comprises a display unit 1, a first lens unit 2, a plane mirror imaging unit 3 and a curved lens 4, and a user observes at an exit pupil position (human eye 5) to visually obtain a displayed virtual picture. The display unit 1 and the first lens unit 2 are arranged above, the plane mirror imaging unit 3 which is obliquely arranged at a certain angle (for example, 45 degrees, the specific angle can be adjusted according to actual requirements) is arranged below, the curved lens 4 is arranged on the right side of the plane mirror imaging unit 3, the exit pupil position is used for human eyes 5 to observe, and the curved lens is positioned on the left side of the plane mirror imaging unit 3. For ease of description only, the specific orientations are not limiting.
The display unit 1 is a micro display screen, such as an OLED type self-luminous panel, and the emitted light passes through the first lens unit 2 and then reaches the plane mirror imaging unit 3. The light is reflected to the curved lens 4 after passing through the first polarization unit 31 and the second polarization unit 32 attached to the plane mirror imaging unit 3. The inner surface of the curved lens 4 (i.e. the mirror surface close to the first polarizing unit 31) is coated with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film, and the light is reflected by the curved lens 4 and then is incident on the plane mirror imaging unit 3 again, and at this time, the light is transmitted through the first polarizing unit 31, the second polarizing unit 32 and the plane lens 33 in sequence, and reaches the position of the human eye 5 of the exit pupil. Meanwhile, the information in the real world can directly reach the position of the human eye 5 through the curved lens 4 and the plane mirror imaging unit 3, so that the optical system realizes the function of augmented reality technology. Through the collocation of each optical component, the optical system can realize the eye movement range of 12mm x 8mm so as to meet the use requirements of people with different interpupillary distances.
In order to meet the use requirements of different myopes, the display unit 1 and the first lens unit 2 are integrally used as a focusing lens group, and the plane mirror imaging unit 3 and the curved lens 4 are used as a fixed lens group in the embodiment. By adjusting the distance between the display unit 1 and the whole first lens unit 2 and the plane mirror imaging unit 3, different virtual image distances of outgoing images of the optical system are obtained so as to match the use requirements of different myopia groups. The closer the focusing lens group is to the plane mirror imaging unit 3, the shorter the distance of a virtual image formed by the system is, and the crowd with higher myopia degree can be satisfied at the moment. The focal length change range of the whole system is 19-23 mm when diopter is adjusted from-5D to 0D through the distance adjustment of the focusing lens group and the plane mirror imaging unit 3, so that the focusing lens group can be matched with myopia people in the range of-5D to 0D, and the use requirements of most people can be met.
When the distance between the focusing lens group and the fixed lens group is changed to form different configurations under different distance conditions, the focal length of the near-eye display optical device is changed accordingly, so that the difference of optical performance among different groups is caused. The basic performance of the optical system, including FOV, imaging sharpness, distortion, etc. have certain differences in different modes. By adjusting the surface parameters of the first lens unit 2 and the curved lens 4, the real ray trace data of different visual fields of each configuration are optimally controlled, so that the performances of the optical systems under different diopter adjustment are basically consistent, and different crowds are ensured to have the same visual experience.
Parameters of each optical element in the near-eye display optical device of the present embodiment are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Surface numbering | Surface type | Radius of curvature (mm) | Thickness (mm) | Refractive index | Abbe number | Refractive mode |
| 501 | Spherical surface | Infinite number of cases | 18.50 | Refraction by refraction | ||
| 307 | Spherical surface | Infinite number of cases | 0.60 | 1.52 | 64.2 | Refraction by refraction |
| 306 | Spherical surface | Infinite number of cases | 0.32 | 1.49 | 57.4 | Refraction by refraction |
| 305 | Spherical surface | Infinite number of cases | 0.15 | 1.49 | 57.4 | Refraction by refraction |
| 304 | Spherical surface | Infinite number of cases | 11.00 | Refraction by refraction | ||
| 401 | Aspherical surface | -60.84 | -11.00 | Reflection of | ||
| 303 | Spherical surface | Infinite number of cases | -0.15 | 1.49 | 57.4 | Refraction by refraction |
| 302 | Spherical surface | Infinite number of cases | 0.15 | 1.49 | 57.4 | Reflection of |
| 301 | Spherical surface | Infinite number of cases | 10.45 | Refraction by refraction | ||
| 202 | Aspherical surface | 20.58 | 5.75 | 1.54 | 56.3 | Refraction by refraction |
| 201 | Aspherical surface | -20.45 | 1.39 | Refraction by refraction | ||
| 102 | Spherical surface | Infinite number of cases | 0.55 | 1.52 | 64.2 | Refraction by refraction |
| 101 | Spherical surface | Infinite number of cases | 0 | Refraction by refraction |
The above aspherical surface profile parameters are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
To achieve a refractive optical path in a near-eye display optical device, the eccentric arrangement of the optical elements is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Surface numbering | 307 | 304 | 401 | 303 | 301 | 202 |
| Eccentric type | Basic, basic | Basic, basic | Decentration and regression | Basic, basic | Basic, basic | Basic, basic |
| Y eccentric (mm) | 0 | 0 | -0.35 | 0 | 0 | -0.28 |
| Alpha eccentricity (°) | 45 | -45 | 0 | 45 | 45 | 0 |
In order to realize a certain eye movement range, the optical performance of the system in different eye movement ranges is evaluated. At different object distances, the thickness of the corresponding surface 301 is different, thereby achieving different diopter adjustments. The general optical axis direction (parallel to the paper surface to the right) is the Z direction, the meridian direction (parallel to the paper surface to the top) is the Y direction, and the sagittal direction (perpendicular to the paper surface to the inside) is the X direction. Y eccentric means translation distance along Y direction, alpha eccentric means rotation angle around X axis.
The real world information enters human eyes after being transmitted through the curved lens 4 and the plane mirror imaging unit 3, and parameters of the curved lens 4 in a perspective light path are shown in table 4. Since the virtual optical path (i.e., the optical path formed by the light emitted from the display unit) and the real optical path (i.e., the optical path formed by the real world information light) are modeled in opposite directions, the corresponding radius of curvature in the following table is represented as a positive value.
TABLE 4 Table 4
| Surface numbering | Surface type | Radius of curvature (mm) | Thickness (mm) | Refractive index | Abbe number | Refractive mode |
| 402 | Aspherical surface | 62.05 | 2 | 1.52 | 64.2 | Refraction by refraction |
| 401 | Aspherical surface | 60.84 | 11.00 | Refraction by refraction |
The aspherical profile parameters of surface 402 are shown in the table below.
TABLE 5
| Surface numbering | Quadric surface (k) | Order 4 (a) 2 ) | Order 6 (a) 3 ) | 8 th order (a) 4 ) | Order 10 (a) 5 ) | 12 th order (a) 6 ) |
| 402 | 1.01 | -1.06E-7 | 1.44E-8 | -2.58E-10 | 1.58E-13 | -6.97E-16 |
The diagonal view field of this embodiment can reach 42 °, and for different virtual image distances, the corresponding diopter adjustment is achieved while the view angle of the system remains unchanged at different diopters, and the results are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6
| Diopter of refraction | -1D | -3D | -5D |
| Angle of view | 42.2° | 42.2° | 42.2° |
According to the above data, as shown in fig. 3-8, in this embodiment f=22.5 mm, the imaging sharpness and distortion of the optical system are substantially consistent for different diopter adjustment, for example, the modulation transfer function (Modulation Transfer Function, abbreviated as MTF) of all configurations is above 0.1 at 25lp/mm spatial frequency, the Actual field angle (Actual FOV) and Paraxial FOV in the distortion map are substantially coincident, and the distortion is within 1%.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the architecture and basic principle of the present embodiment are substantially the same as those of embodiment 1, and will not be described here again, wherein the system parameters are set differently to achieve different visual effects.
The parameters of the respective optical elements in the near-eye display optical device of the present embodiment are shown in table 7.
TABLE 7
The above aspherical surface profile parameters are shown in table 8.
TABLE 8
| Surface numbering | Quadric surface (k) | Order 4 (a) 2 ) | Order 6 (a) 3 ) | 8 th order (a) 4 ) | Order 10 (a) 5 ) | 12 th order (a) 6 ) |
| 401 | 1.21 | -1.95E-7 | 1.92E-8 | -9.01E-11 | 3.28E-13 | -8.69E-16 |
| 202 | -1.05 | 2.93E-5 | 5.91E-7 | -6.37E-9 | 1.53E-10 | -1.15E-12 |
| 201 | -9.68 | 6.73E-5 | 3.94E-7 | -8.32E-8 | 5.06E-11 | 1.99E-14 |
To achieve a refractive optical path in a near-eye display optical device, the eccentric arrangement of the optical elements is shown in table 9.
TABLE 9
| Surface numbering | 307 | 304 | 401 | 303 | 301 | 202 |
| Eccentric type | Basic, basic | Basic, basic | Decentration and regression | Basic, basic | Basic, basic | Basic, basic |
| Y eccentric (mm) | 0 | 0 | -0.35 | 0 | 0 | -0.28 |
| Alpha eccentricity (°) | 45 | -45 | 0 | 45 | 45 | 0 |
In order to realize a certain eye movement range, the optical performance of the system in different eye movement ranges is evaluated. At different object distances, the thickness of the corresponding surface 301 is different, thereby achieving different diopter adjustments. The general optical axis direction (parallel to the paper surface to the right) is the Z direction, the meridian direction (parallel to the paper surface to the top) is the Y direction, and the sagittal direction (perpendicular to the paper surface to the inside) is the X direction. Y eccentric means translation distance along Y direction, alpha eccentric means rotation angle around X axis.
The real world information is transmitted through the curved lens 4 and the plane mirror imaging unit 3 and enters the human eye 5, and parameters of the curved lens 4 in the perspective light path are shown in table 10. Since the virtual optical path (i.e., the optical path formed by the light emitted from the display unit) and the real optical path (i.e., the optical path formed by the real world information light) are modeled in opposite directions, the corresponding radius of curvature in the following table is represented as a positive value.
Table 10
The aspherical profile parameters of surface 402 are shown in table 11.
TABLE 11
| Surface numbering | Quadric surface (k) | Order 4 (a) 2 ) | Order 6 (a) 3 ) | 8 th order (a) 4 ) | Order 10 (a) 5 ) | 12 th order (a) 6 ) |
| 402 | 0.46 | -3.63E-7 | 9.14E-9 | -2.34E-11 | 7.58E-13 | -1.28E-16 |
The diagonal view field of this embodiment can reach 44 °, and for different virtual image distances, the change of the view angle is small while the corresponding diopter adjustment is realized, and the change of the view angle between different groups is difficult to be perceived, and the result is shown in table 12.
Table 12
| Diopter of refraction | -1D | -3D | -5D |
| Angle of view | 44.5° | 44.3° | 44.0° |
According to the above data, as shown in fig. 9-14, in this embodiment f=21.6mm, the imaging sharpness and distortion of the optical system are substantially consistent for different diopter adjustment, for example, the modulation transfer function (Modulation Transfer Function, abbreviated as MTF) of all configurations is above 0.15 at 30lp/mm spatial frequency, the Actual field angle (Actual FOV) and Paraxial FOV in the distortion map are substantially coincident, and the distortion is within 1%.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above-described embodiments represent only the more specific and detailed embodiments of the present application, but are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A near-to-eye display optical device with adjustable diopter, characterized in that: the diopter-adjustable near-eye display optical device comprises a display unit (1), a first lens unit (2), a plane mirror imaging unit (3) and a curved lens (4), wherein:
-the display unit (1) for providing imaging light;
the first lens unit (2) comprises at least one lens and is positioned on the light emitting side of the display unit (1), and the first lens unit (2) moves relative to the display unit (1) to realize focusing or moves synchronously with the display unit (1) to realize focusing;
the plane mirror imaging unit (3) comprises a first film layer and a plane lens (33), wherein the plane lens (33) is obliquely arranged relative to the display unit (1), the first film layer is attached to one side, close to the curved lens (4), of the plane lens (33) and is used for partially reflecting imaging light rays focused by the first lens unit (2) to the curved lens (4) and transmitting real world information light rays;
the curved lens (4) is provided with a first semi-transparent semi-reflective film at one side close to the first film layer, and is used for reflecting received imaging light rays to human eyes (5) for imaging through the plane mirror imaging unit (3);
and satisfies the following conditions:
16mm≤f1≤24mm；24mm≤f2≤40mm；15mm≤f≤23mm；
wherein f1 is the focal length of the first lens unit (2), f2 is the focal length of the curved lens (4), and f is the focal length of the diopter-adjustable near-eye display optical device.
2. The diopter adjustable near-eye display optical device of claim 1, wherein: the first film layer comprises a first polarization unit (31) and a second polarization unit (32), the second polarization unit (32) is located between the first polarization unit (31) and the plate lens (33), the first polarization unit (31) is used for converting circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light, and the second polarization unit (32) is used for transmitting polarized light in a first direction and reflecting polarized light in a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
3. The diopter adjustable near-eye display optical device of claim 2, wherein: the first polarization unit (31) is a quarter wave plate, and the second polarization unit (32) is a polarization reflection film.
4. The diopter adjustable near-eye display optical device of claim 1, wherein: the first membrane layer is a second semi-transparent semi-reflective membrane.
5. The diopter adjustable near-eye display optical device of claim 1, wherein: the mirror surface of each lens and the curved lens (4) is a free combination of a spherical surface, an aspherical surface and a free curved surface.
6. The diopter adjustable near-eye display optical device of claim 5, wherein: the first lens unit (2) comprises a first lens, the first lens is a biconvex aspheric lens or a plano-convex aspheric lens, the curved lens (4) is a concave-convex aspheric lens, the refractive indexes of the first lens unit (2) and the curved lens (4) are 1.45-1.65, and the Abbe numbers are 20-68.
7. The diopter adjustable near-eye display optical device of claim 6, wherein: the aspherical mirror surfaces of the first lens unit (2) and the curved lens (4) satisfy the following formula:
wherein z is the sagittal height, r is the lens center height, k is the conic coefficient, C is the curvature, a i The aspherical coefficient of the 2 i-th order is obtained, and N is a positive integer.
8. The diopter adjustable near-eye display optical device of claim 7, wherein: a mirror surface on the first lens unit (2) near the display unit (1)Radius of curvature, k, a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 -20.45mm, 0.86, 3E-5, -2.65E-7, -1.81E-8, 5.22E-11, 4.99E-14 in this order, radius of curvature, k, a of the mirror facing away from the display unit (1) 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 20.58mm, -0.39, -4.19E-6, -6.86E-8, -3.41E-10, 1.62E-10, -1.34E-12 in this order; radius of curvature, k, a of the mirror surface on the curved lens (4) near the first film layer 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially-60.84 mm, 1.06, -1.01E-7, 1.44E-8, -1.50E-10, 3.58E-13, -7.69E-16, and the curvature radius of the mirror surface facing away from the first film layer, k and a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially comprises-62.05 mm, 1.01, -1.06E-7, 1.44E-8, -2.58E-10, 1.58E-13 and-6.97E-16.
9. The diopter adjustable near-eye display optical device of claim 7, wherein: radius of curvature, k, a of a mirror surface on the first lens unit (2) near the display unit (1) 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 In the order of-40.32 mm, -9.68, 6.73E-5, 3.94E-7, -8.32E-8, 5.06E-11, 1.99E-14, the radius of curvature of the mirror facing away from the display unit (1), k, a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 18.58mm, -1.05, 2.93E-5, 5.91E-7, -6.37E-9, 1.53E-10, -1.15E-12 in this order; radius of curvature, k, a of the mirror surface on the curved lens (4) near the first film layer 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially being-55.96 mm, 1.21, -1.95E-7, 1.92E-8, -9.01E-11, 3.28E-13, -8.69E-16, the radius of curvature of the mirror surface facing away from the first film layer, k, a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 Sequentially comprising-56.85 mm, 0.46, -3.63E-7, 9.14E-9, -2.34E-11, 7.58E-13 and-1.28E-16.
10. The diopter adjustable near-eye display optical device of claim 1, wherein: the display unit (1) is one of an OLED type light-emitting panel, an LED type light-emitting panel, an LCD type non-self-luminous panel and an LCOS type non-self-luminous panel.
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