CN116965266A - Energy-saving temperature regulating system for large multi-span greenhouse and operation method - Google Patents
Energy-saving temperature regulating system for large multi-span greenhouse and operation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116965266A CN116965266A CN202311194419.0A CN202311194419A CN116965266A CN 116965266 A CN116965266 A CN 116965266A CN 202311194419 A CN202311194419 A CN 202311194419A CN 116965266 A CN116965266 A CN 116965266A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- greenhouse
- heat
- temperature
- started
- carbon dioxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 21
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009295 sperm incapacitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/18—Greenhouses for treating plants with carbon dioxide or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
- A01G9/227—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like rolled up during non-use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/241—Arrangement of opening or closing systems for windows and ventilation panels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a temperature regulating system of a large-scale multi-span greenhouse, in particular to an energy-saving temperature regulating system for the large-scale multi-span greenhouse and an operation method. Installing a heat preservation and insulation system at a lower position in the greenhouse, and dividing the internal space of the greenhouse into an upper part and a lower part after the heat preservation and insulation system of the greenhouse is started; the heat preservation and insulation system consists of a folding hollow heat preservation curtain, a fixing frame, a track and a driving device; the folding hollow heat-insulating curtain is made of transparent materials, and the cross section of each air chamber is hexagonal during starting; the surface cooler and the matched fan of the heat pump system are arranged below the planting frame in the greenhouse; the carbon dioxide pipeline of the carbon dioxide supply system is arranged in the greenhouse. The invention provides an energy-saving temperature regulation system for a large-scale multi-span greenhouse and an operation method thereof, aiming at reducing the energy consumption of temperature regulation, thereby obviously reducing the production cost of greenhouse planting, reducing emission and enhancing efficiency and realizing the facility agriculture development targets of energy conservation and machine preference.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a temperature regulating system of a large-scale multi-span greenhouse, in particular to an energy-saving temperature regulating system for the large-scale multi-span greenhouse and an operation method.
Background
At present, the planting area of facilities in China is 4200 mu, most of the facilities are sunlight greenhouses (namely common plastic greenhouses shown in fig. 4) without mechanized operation conditions, and the greenhouses have low land utilization rate, low labor efficiency and low acre yield. From the viewpoint of energy saving, this type of greenhouse is not a significant problem in winter energy consumption because the interior space is small and the insulation can be covered with insulation cover 18; this type of greenhouse cannot be produced over-summer because of the lack of cooling capacity, and therefore has only 6-8 months of annual use period. Taking tomato with larger domestic cultivation area as an example, the fruit supply period is from 11 months to 5 months in the coming year, and 6 months to 9 months can not be produced.
The large-sized multi-span greenhouse (represented by the greenhouse of the formula "Venlo" in the Netherlands, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 6) has the advantages of high land utilization rate, high degree of mechanization, high labor efficiency and high yield per unit area, but has the problems of large facility investment and high energy consumption. This type of greenhouse is produced almost over-summer in the netherlands, and therefore its yield per unit area is very high, whereas most of this type of greenhouse cannot realize profitability in China except for a part of the greenhouse which can utilize waste heat resources of the power plant. The reason for this is two major aspects, namely, the heating cost in winter is high: compared with a common sunlight greenhouse, the high building structure and the inability to effectively preserve heat make the heating cost in winter very high, and if no free power plant waste heat is supplied, the heating cost in winter is as high as 100-120 yuan/square meter; second, the temperature cannot be lowered in summer: in Shandong province, where the greenhouse planting area is largest, most greenhouses are empty in summer, so that facility waste, land utilization rate reduction and labor cost increase are caused.
In recent years, a "SEMI-closed" (see fig. 1-3) greenhouse is developed on the basis of a traditional "Venlo" greenhouse, and is one of the most advanced greenhouse types worldwide, and compared with the traditional "Venlo" greenhouse and other types of greenhouses, the greenhouse has several remarkable characteristics: firstly, air is supplied through a pipeline, the ventilation quantity is small, the air supply is uniform, and the ventilation energy consumption is reduced to some extent; secondly, the heat pump has the heating and cooling capacities, and because the ventilation quantity is small, the power requirement on the heat pump system is small when the temperature is lowered in summer, so that the heat pump for cooling in summer is possible; thirdly, an internal circulation ventilation mode can be used, and particularly, the energy-saving effect is obvious in heating in cold seasons and cooling at night in summer.
Although the energy consumption for heating and cooling in the semi-closed greenhouse circulation mode is reduced, the heat insulation film 17 is arranged at the top of the greenhouse, the whole greenhouse space needs to be heated in winter, and the heat insulation capacity of the heat insulation film 17 at the top is limited, so that the heat loss is more, the energy consumption is higher, and the temperature of the whole space needs to be reduced when cooling at night in summer, so that the energy consumption is also higher; carbon dioxide enters a room through the main ventilation pipe 15, so that a ventilation system is required to be kept open during daytime ventilation in winter, and the ventilation mode of the main ventilation pipe 15 has high wind resistance, high wind pressure and high ventilation energy consumption; because the surface cooler and the matched fan 6 are arranged at the front end of the main ventilation pipe 15, heating and cooling are realized in the ventilation state of the main ventilation pipe 15, and ventilation energy consumption is high.
Summarizing several elements of greenhouse temperature regulation:
1. thermal insulation
Because the greenhouse needs illumination, the enclosure materials are transparent materials such as glass and plastic, and the materials cannot prevent radiation and heat dissipation, are difficult to prevent conduction and heat dissipation, and even because part of the enclosure materials are not tightly sealed, a channel for convective heat dissipation exists.
The traditional heat preservation measures mainly comprise three types: firstly, the external heat preservation quilt 18 is mostly adopted in the traditional solar greenhouse, and the solar greenhouse can cover outside the transparent enclosure materials of the greenhouse before and after sunset to prevent radiation, conduction and convection heat dissipation paths, however, because the heat conduction performance of the heat preservation quilt 18 is related to the thickness, the thickness can influence the bearing and the light shielding area rolled in the daytime, and therefore, the heat preservation capacity of the heat preservation mode is limited. The second type of heat insulation is the internal heat insulation of a large multi-span greenhouse (represented by a greenhouse with a 'Venlo' structure), and the type of greenhouse is difficult to install and automatically open and close because the top is a continuous small inclined plane, so that the heat insulation film 17 is arranged at the lower edge of the upper cover structure (namely the lower edge of the equilateral triangle of the upper cover) inside the greenhouse, and is made of a material which is thin, has certain heat insulation performance and certain reflection performance, is easy to roll up and has small shading area after being rolled up, so that the heat insulation performance is limited, and because the space enclosed by the heat insulation material is too large, the energy consumption for heating and cooling is very high. The third heat preservation mode is an external heat preservation type large-scale multi-span greenhouse developed by referring to the advantages of the first two, and is mainly characterized in that: the top of the greenhouse adopts a large inclined plane, so that the outer heat preservation quilt 18 can be placed, the heat preservation effect is obviously better than that of a Venlo type, the heating cost in winter is greatly reduced, but the construction investment is obviously higher than that of a Venlo type.
The traditional heat insulation mode in summer and daytime is mainly shading, and the semi-closed greenhouse developed on the basis of the Venlo type can enable a heat insulation layer at the top when the temperature is lowered at night in summer.
2. Heating
There are also various ways of heating. The most traditional heating mode is to place the furnace in the greenhouse, which is abandoned now for environmental protection and reasons of incapacitation of automatic control. The most used ways today are boilers and heat pumps, which, despite the large investment, are increasingly accepted for environmental and emission reduction reasons.
3. Cooling down
The cooling mode is mainly four. Firstly, convection cooling is carried out, heat in a greenhouse is taken away through air flow, natural convection and forced convection (taking a fan as power) are included, the cooling mode is the most limited, and in the daytime in summer, heat in the greenhouse needs to be taken away, so that a very large ventilation quantity is needed; secondly, the wet curtain is cooled, the principle is that the moisture evaporates to absorb heat, so that the temperature of air entering a greenhouse is lower, the maximum cooling effect of the wet curtain can enable the temperature difference between the front and the rear to reach about 8 degrees (when the outdoor relative humidity is below 40%), but because of the air exchange rate (the higher the air exchange rate is, the higher the energy consumption of a fan is), the influence on the indoor temperature is limited, and the water content of the air is increased when the temperature is lowered, so that the risk of plant diseases is possibly increased; thirdly, the principle of spray cooling is that the heat is absorbed by evaporation, and the cooling effect and the negative effect are the same as those of a wet curtain; the fourth is a heat pump, which absorbs heat through a surface cooler, thereby reducing the air temperature, and at the same time, can condense a part of water to reduce the air humidity, but the equipment cost of the heat pump is high and the energy consumption is also high. The semi-closed greenhouse uses a heat pump for cooling, and can realize the oversummer production of most fruits and vegetables in the areas of Shandong, hebei, beijing, inner Mongolia and the like in spite of high energy consumption.
In summary, the cost of greenhouse temperature regulation mainly comprises three parts, namely ventilation energy consumption (mainly fan electricity consumption), heating energy consumption (which can be electricity and/or waste heat and/or fuel), and cooling energy consumption (mainly electricity and water).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an energy-saving temperature regulating system and an operation method for a large-scale multi-span greenhouse, aiming at solving the problem of high temperature regulating cost of the prior large-scale multi-span greenhouse, wherein the path for reducing energy consumption is as follows: firstly, adopting a more reasonable heat preservation mode to reduce heat exchange; secondly, the temperature regulation body is reduced, and the energy consumption is concentrated in an effective part; thirdly, the surface cooler of the heat pump is arranged at the bottom of the greenhouse, so that the temperature can be regulated in a state without air external circulation; fourth, the carbon dioxide supply pipe is installed inside the greenhouse, and the carbon dioxide supply can be ensured without external circulation.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: an energy-saving temperature regulating system for a large multi-span greenhouse is characterized in that a supporting net rack is arranged at a lower position in the greenhouse to be used as a bearing of a heat preservation and insulation system, a planting rack system, other equipment and the like; the position is higher than the upper ends of plants and far lower than the top of the greenhouse, and after the temperature and heat insulation system of the greenhouse descends from the top of the greenhouse, the internal space of the greenhouse is divided into an upper part and a lower part; the heat preservation system consists of a folding hollow heat preservation curtain, a fixing frame, a track and a driving device; the folding hollow heat-insulating curtain is made of transparent materials, the cross section of each air chamber is hexagonal when the curtain is started (unfolded), and the occupied space is small after the curtain is stopped (folded).
The energy-saving temperature regulating system for the large multi-span greenhouse also comprises an original sunshade system, a ventilation system, a spraying system, a heat pump system, a carbon dioxide supply system and a control system of the greenhouse, wherein the sunshade system is arranged at the top of the greenhouse, and a surface cooler and a matched fan in the heat pump system are arranged below a planting frame in the greenhouse and used for heating and cooling; the opening of the carbon dioxide pipeline in the carbon dioxide supply system is arranged in the greenhouse, and carbon dioxide can be supplemented in daytime to improve photosynthetic efficiency.
According to the energy-saving temperature regulating system for the large multi-span greenhouse, the heat preservation system can be additionally provided with the heat preservation film according to the requirement, so that the heat preservation performance can be enhanced.
According to the energy-saving temperature regulating system for the large multi-span greenhouse, the side wall ventilation openings can be formed in the side wall above the height of the heat preservation system, when the heat preservation system is completely started, the side wall ventilation openings in the side wall are opened, the roof ventilation openings in the top of the greenhouse are opened, natural ventilation can be formed, and therefore the temperature of the upper space (above the heat preservation system) of the greenhouse is not too high.
The energy-saving temperature regulating system for the large multi-span greenhouse has the following operation method:
winter night heat preservation: when sunset or temperature is too low, the control system controls the driving system to start (expand) the folding hollow heat-insulating curtains, and after all the folding hollow heat-insulating curtains are started, a relatively closed heat-insulating layer is formed in the middle of the greenhouse. In areas and/or periods of particularly low temperature, the insulating film may be activated simultaneously to increase the insulating effect. When the temperature is lower than a set value, a heating mode of the heat pump system is started, the surface cooler and the matched fan are turned on, the space where the plants are located is heated in an internal circulation mode, and the temperature is controlled in a set range.
Heat preservation in winter: in the region and/or the period of low temperature, the temperature required by the efficient photosynthesis of plants cannot be maintained only by the greenhouse enclosing material in the daytime, and the folded hollow heat-insulating curtain can be kept in an enabled (unfolded) state in the daytime; if the temperature still cannot be met, starting the heat pump system to heat, and when the temperature reaches the lowest set value, stopping heating; when the temperature exceeds the lowest set value and reaches a certain set value, the folding hollow heat-preserving curtain is stopped; in the above heat preservation state, in order to maintain the temperature, external circulation ventilation cannot be performed, so that carbon dioxide needs to be provided for the space where plants are located through a pipeline to ensure photosynthetic efficiency; when the temperature continues to rise and is higher than the set value of the external circulation ventilation, the external circulation ventilation system is started, and whether the carbon dioxide supply is started or not is determined according to the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the room.
Cooling at night in summer: when the temperature needs to be reduced at night in summer, the controller controls the driving device to start (expand) the folding hollow heat-insulating curtains, and after all the folding hollow heat-insulating curtains are started, a relatively closed heat-insulating layer is formed in the middle of the greenhouse; in the region and/or the period of high temperature, the heat-insulating film can be started at the same time, so that the heat-insulating effect is improved; and starting a refrigerating mode of the heat pump system, opening the surface cooler and the matched fan, cooling the space where the plants are positioned, and controlling the temperature in a set range.
And (5) cooling in summer in daytime: when the temperature cannot be controlled in a proper range by the modes of ventilation, wet curtain, spraying and sun-shading and cooling, the external circulation ventilation quantity is reduced to the minimum ventilation level, the heat pump refrigeration mode is started, the temperature of the lower space is reduced, if the top sun-shading system is started, the illumination is still strong, the folding hollow heat-preserving and heat-insulating curtain can be partially started so as to enhance the sun-shading effect and the heat-insulating effect, if the side wall ventilation opening is formed, the sun-shading system at the top of the greenhouse can be stopped, the folding hollow heat-preserving and heat-insulating curtain is completely started, the side wall ventilation opening and the roof ventilation opening are simultaneously started, the heat pump refrigeration mode is started, the temperature of the lower space is reduced, and meanwhile, the carbon dioxide supply system is started to supplement carbon dioxide for the space where plants are located.
The invention provides an energy-saving temperature regulation system and an operation method for a large-scale multi-span greenhouse, which aim to reduce the energy consumption of temperature regulation, thereby remarkably reducing the production cost of greenhouse planting, reducing emission and enhancing efficiency, realizing the development target of energy-saving and machine-friendly facility agriculture, and having the following specific beneficial effects:
the body volume of heating and cooling is reduced through the descending heat preservation and insulation layer, so that the energy consumption of refrigeration and heating is reduced;
the heat exchange caused by conduction, convection and radiation is reduced by using the hollow heat-preserving heat-insulating curtain, so that the energy consumption of refrigeration and heating is reduced;
the heat exchange caused by conduction, convection and radiation is further reduced through the use of the additional heat preservation film, so that the energy consumption of refrigeration and heating is further reduced;
by installing the surface cooler and the matched fan below the planting frame in the greenhouse, a normal-pressure low-power fan can be used, and a high-pressure fan and a matched air pipe are not used any more, so that ventilation energy consumption can be reduced;
by installing the opening of the carbon dioxide conduit within the greenhouse, the external circulation ventilation system does not need to be turned on when carbon dioxide replenishment is required, and thus ventilation energy consumption can be reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view (elevation) of a temperature regulation system of a semi-closed greenhouse.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a semi-closed warm outdoor circulation ventilation mode.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a semi-enclosed indoor circulation ventilation mode.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a thermal insulation structure of a conventional solar greenhouse.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the insulation structure of a Venlo greenhouse (insulation enabled).
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the insulation layer rolling up of the Venlo greenhouse.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a thermal insulation structure (thermal insulation layer activation) of the external thermal insulation type large-sized multi-span greenhouse.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a heat insulation quilt roll-up of an external heat insulation type large-sized multi-span greenhouse.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view (cross section) of the temperature control system of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view (elevation) of the temperature adjusting system according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thermal insulation curtain of the present invention and the fixing frame and the support net frame (thermal insulation curtain folded state).
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the folding and deployment of the thermal shade of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the folding and deployment of the insulating curtain and insulating film of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of winter night heat preservation and heating for a Venlo greenhouse application, winter night heating mode: the folding hollow heat-insulating curtain is started, the space is divided into an upper part and a lower part at the middle height of the greenhouse, and the negative pressure fan is closed; the heat pump system is started in a heating mode, and the surface cooler and the matched fan are started to heat the space where the plants are located.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of winter daytime insulation and heating for a Venlo greenhouse application, winter daytime heating mode: the folding hollow heat-insulating curtain is started, the space is divided into an upper part and a lower part at the middle height of the greenhouse, the negative pressure fan is closed, the heat pump system is started in a heating mode, the surface cooler and the matched fan are started, the space where plants are located is heated, and the carbon dioxide pipeline supplements carbon dioxide to the space at the lower part.
Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a Venlo greenhouse application with summer night insulation and cooling, summer night cooling mode: the folding hollow heat-preserving heat-insulating curtain is started, the space is divided into an upper part and a lower part at the middle height of the greenhouse, the negative pressure fan is closed, the heat pump system is started in a refrigerating mode, and the surface cooler and the matched fan are started to cool the space where plants are located.
Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of thermal insulation and refrigeration during summer days for a Venlo greenhouse application.
FIG. 18 is a schematic view (in cross section) of the application of the temperature regulation system of the present invention to a semi-enclosed greenhouse.
FIG. 19 is a schematic view (elevation) of the application of the temperature regulating system of the present invention to a semi-enclosed greenhouse.
FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a semi-enclosed greenhouse application for winter night heat preservation and heating, winter night heating mode: the folding hollow heat-insulating curtain is started, the space is divided into an upper part and a lower part at the middle height of the greenhouse, the positive pressure fan is closed, the heat pump system is started in a heating mode, and the surface cooler and the matched fan are started to heat the space where plants are located.
FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a semi-enclosed greenhouse for winter day heat preservation and heating, winter day heating mode: the folding hollow heat-insulating curtain is started, the space is divided into an upper part and a lower part at the middle height of the greenhouse, the positive pressure fan is closed, the heat pump system is started in a heating mode, the surface cooler and the matched fan are started, the space where plants are located is heated, and the carbon dioxide pipeline supplements carbon dioxide to the space at the lower part.
Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of semi-enclosed greenhouse summer night insulation and cooling, summer night cooling mode: the folding hollow heat-preserving heat-insulating curtain is started, the space is divided into an upper part and a lower part at the middle height of the greenhouse, the positive pressure fan is closed, the heat pump system starts a refrigeration mode, and the surface cooler and the matched fan are started to cool the space where plants are located.
Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of the temperature regulation system for cooling in summer days of a semi-closed greenhouse.
In the figure: 1-sun-shading system, 2-heat preservation and insulation system, 3-support net rack, 4-planting rack, 5-carbon dioxide pipeline, 6-surface cooler and matched fan, 7-roof vent, 8-side wall vent, 9-negative pressure fan, 10-wet curtain, 11-air door, 12-outer air opening, 13-inner air opening, 14-positive pressure fan, 15-main ventilation pipe, 16-air chamber, 17-heat preservation film and 18-heat preservation quilt.
21-fixed frame, 22-folding hollow heat preservation and insulation curtain.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Is used for the traditional 'Wenluo' negative pressure ventilation large-scale multi-span greenhouse.
The temperature regulating system consists of a heat preservation and insulation system 2, a sunshade system 1, a ventilation system, a spraying system, a heat pump system, a carbon dioxide supply system and a control system.
The sunshade system 1 (shown in figures 9 and 10) is arranged at the top of the greenhouse, the heat preservation and insulation system 2 (shown in figures 9 and 10) is arranged in the middle of the greenhouse, and the space in the greenhouse can be divided into an upper part and a lower part; in order to fix the heat preservation and insulation system, a layer of support net rack 3 is required to be installed at the middle height of the greenhouse; the heat preservation and insulation system mainly comprises a fixed frame 21, a track, a driving system and a folding hollow heat preservation and insulation curtain 22, wherein the folding hollow heat preservation and insulation curtain 22 (shown in figures 11, 12 and 13) is made of transparent materials, the longitudinal section of each air chamber is hexagonal when in starting (unfolding), and the space occupation after folding is small; the ventilation system and the spraying system are conventional greenhouse configurations, and may comprise a roof vent 7 (shown in fig. 9 and 10), a side wall vent 8 (shown in fig. 10), a negative pressure fan 9 (shown in fig. 10), a wet curtain 10 (shown in fig. 10), a pipeline, a spray head, a water pump and the like according to different designs; the heat pump system comprises a heat pump host, a controller, a pipeline system, a surface cooler and a matched fan 6 (shown in figures 9 and 10); the carbon dioxide supply system comprises a gas tank and/or a conveying pipeline, a valve and a carbon dioxide pipeline 5 (shown in figures 9 and 10) for supplying the carbon dioxide to the greenhouse; the control system comprises various probes, a control host and a distribution box, and the data acquired by the various probes are used as the basis to control the whole temperature regulating system to automatically operate; the heat pump host, the surface cooler and the matched fan 6 are arranged below the planting frame 4 and used for heating and cooling; the opening of the carbon dioxide supply pipe 5 is arranged in the greenhouse, and can be arranged in parallel with the planting bracket for supplementing carbon dioxide in the daytime to improve photosynthetic efficiency.
The heat preservation and insulation system 2 also has a layer of heat preservation film 17 (shown in figure 13) which can enhance the heat preservation and insulation performance.
When the system is applied to a Venlo greenhouse, the application method under different temperature conditions comprises the following steps:
1. winter night heat preservation: when sunset or temperature is too low, the control system controls the driving system to start (expand) the folding hollow heat-insulating curtains 22, and after all the folding hollow heat-insulating curtains 22 are started, a relatively closed heat-insulating layer is formed in the middle of the greenhouse. In areas and/or periods of particularly low temperature, the above-described insulating film 17 may be simultaneously activated to increase the insulating effect. When the temperature is lower than the set value, a heating mode of the heat pump system is started, the surface cooler and the matched fan 6 are turned on, and the space where the plants are located is heated in an internal circulation mode. At this time, all the ventilation openings are closed, the negative pressure fan 9 is closed, and the wet curtain 10 is closed. As shown in fig. 14.
2. Heat preservation in winter: in the region and/or the period of low temperature, the temperature required by the efficient photosynthesis of plants cannot be maintained only by illumination and greenhouse enclosing materials in the daytime, and the folded hollow heat-insulating curtain 22 can be kept in the starting state in the daytime; if the temperature still cannot be met, starting the heat pump system to heat, and when the temperature reaches the lowest set value, stopping heating; when the temperature exceeds the minimum set value and reaches a certain set value, the folding hollow heat preservation and insulation curtain 22 is deactivated; in order to maintain the temperature in the above heat preservation state, external circulation ventilation cannot be performed, and at the moment, all ventilation openings are closed, the negative pressure fan 9 is closed, and the wet curtain 10 is closed, so that carbon dioxide is required to be provided for the space where plants are located through a carbon dioxide pipeline to ensure photosynthetic efficiency; when the temperature continues to rise and is higher than the set value of the external circulation ventilation, the external circulation ventilation system is started, the negative pressure fan 9 is started for the minimum ventilation stage, and meanwhile, whether carbon dioxide supply is started or not is determined according to the indoor carbon dioxide concentration. As shown in fig. 15.
3. Cooling at night in summer: when the temperature needs to be reduced at night in summer, the control system controls the driving system, the folding hollow heat-preserving heat-insulating curtains 22 are started, and after all the folding hollow heat-preserving heat-insulating curtains 22 are started, a relatively closed heat-insulating layer is formed in the middle of the greenhouse; in the region and/or the period of the extremely high temperature, the heat-insulating film 17 can be simultaneously started, so that the heat-insulating effect is improved; and starting a heat pump system refrigerating mode, opening the surface cooler and the matched fan 6, cooling the space where the plants are positioned, and controlling the temperature in a proper range. At this time, all the ventilation openings are closed, the negative pressure fan 9 is closed, and the wet curtain 10 is closed. As shown in fig. 16.
4. And (5) cooling in summer in daytime: when the cooling modes such as ventilation, wet curtain, spraying, sunshade and the like can not control the temperature in a proper range, the cooling mode is started: the roof vent 7 and the side wall vent 8 are opened, and air circulates from the side wall to the roof; closing the negative pressure fan 9, closing the wet curtain, enabling (unfolding) or partially enabling the top sunshade system 1, and enabling (unfolding) the folding hollow heat-preservation heat-insulation curtain 22 to enhance the shading effect and the heat-insulation effect; starting a heat pump refrigeration mode to cool the lower space; and starting a carbon dioxide supply system to supplement carbon dioxide. As shown in fig. 17.
Example two
Is used for the traditional semi-closed positive-pressure ventilation large multi-span greenhouse.
The temperature regulating system consists of a heat preservation and insulation system 2, a sunshade system 1, a ventilation system, a spraying system, a heat pump system, a carbon dioxide supply system and a control system.
The sunshade system 1 (shown in figures 18 and 19) is arranged at the top of the greenhouse, the heat preservation and insulation system 2 (shown in figures 18 and 19) is arranged in the middle of the greenhouse, and the space in the greenhouse can be divided into an upper part and a lower part; in order to fix the heat preservation and insulation system, a layer of support net frame 3 (shown in figures 18 and 19) is required to be arranged at the middle height of the greenhouse; the heat preservation and insulation system mainly comprises a fixed frame 21, a track, a driving system and a folding hollow heat preservation and insulation curtain 22, wherein the folding hollow heat preservation and insulation curtain 22 (shown in figures 11, 12 and 13) is made of transparent materials, the longitudinal section of each air chamber is hexagonal when in use (unfolding), and the occupied space is small after the air chamber is in use (folding); the ventilation system and the spraying system are conventional configurations of this type of greenhouse, and may include roof vents 7 (shown in fig. 18), air chambers 16 (shown in fig. 19), air doors 11 (shown in fig. 19), outer vents 12 (shown in fig. 19), inner vents 13 (shown in fig. 19), positive pressure fans 14 (shown in fig. 19), wet curtains 10 (shown in fig. 19), main ventilation ducts 15 (shown in fig. 19), and pipes, nozzles, water pumps, etc., according to different designs; the heat pump system comprises a heat pump host, a controller, a pipeline system, a surface cooler and a matched fan 6 (shown in figures 18 and 19); the carbon dioxide supply system comprises a gas tank and/or a conveying pipeline, a valve and a carbon dioxide pipeline 5 (shown in figures 18 and 19) for supplying the carbon dioxide to the greenhouse; the control system comprises various probes, a control host, a distribution box and the like, and the data acquired by the various probes are used as the basis to control the whole temperature regulating system to automatically operate; the heat pump host machine, the surface cooler and the matched fan 6 are arranged below the planting frame 4 (shown in figures 18 and 19) and used for heating and cooling; the opening of the carbon dioxide pipe 5 is arranged in the greenhouse, can be arranged in parallel with the planting frame 4, and is used for supplementing carbon dioxide in the daytime so as to improve photosynthetic efficiency.
The heat preservation and heat insulation system is also provided with a layer of heat preservation film 17 (shown in figure 13) which can enhance the heat preservation and heat insulation performance.
When the system is applied to a semi-closed greenhouse, the using method under different temperature conditions comprises the following steps:
1. winter night heat preservation: when sunset or temperature is too low, the control system controls the driving system, the folding hollow heat-insulating curtains 22 are started, and after all the folding hollow heat-insulating curtains 22 are started, a relatively closed heat-insulating layer is formed in the middle of the greenhouse. In areas and/or periods of particularly low temperature, the above-described insulating film 17 may be simultaneously activated to increase the insulating effect. When the temperature is lower than the set value, a heating mode of the heat pump system is started, the surface cooler and the matched fan 6 are turned on, and the space where the plants are located is heated in an internal circulation mode. All vents are closed, positive pressure fan 14 is closed, and wet curtain 10 is closed. As shown in fig. 20.
2. Heat preservation in winter: in the region and/or the period of low temperature, the temperature required by the efficient photosynthesis of plants cannot be maintained only by illumination and greenhouse enclosing materials in the daytime, and the folded hollow heat-insulating curtain 22 can be kept in an enabled (unfolded) state in the daytime; if the temperature still cannot be met, starting the heat pump system to heat, and when the temperature reaches the lowest set value, stopping heating; when the temperature exceeds the minimum set value and reaches a certain set value, the folding hollow heat preservation and insulation curtain 22 is deactivated; in order to maintain the temperature in the above heat-preserving state, external circulation ventilation cannot be performed, and at this time, all ventilation openings are closed, the positive pressure fan 14 is closed, and the wet curtain 10 is closed, so that carbon dioxide needs to be provided to the space where plants are located through the carbon dioxide pipeline 5 to ensure photosynthetic efficiency; when the temperature continues to rise and is higher than the set value of the external circulation ventilation, the external circulation ventilation system is started, the positive pressure fan 14 is started for the minimum ventilation stage, and meanwhile, whether the carbon dioxide supply is started or not is determined according to the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the room. As shown in fig. 21.
3. Cooling at night in summer: when the temperature needs to be reduced at night in summer, the control system controls the driving system, the folding hollow heat-preserving heat-insulating curtains 22 are started, and after all the folding hollow heat-preserving heat-insulating curtains 22 are started, a relatively closed heat-insulating layer is formed in the middle of the greenhouse; in the region and/or the period of the extremely high temperature, the heat-insulating film 17 can be simultaneously started, so that the heat-insulating effect is improved; and starting a heat pump system refrigerating mode, opening the surface cooler and the matched fan 6, cooling the space where the plants are positioned, and controlling the temperature in a proper range. All vents are closed, positive pressure fan 14 is closed, and wet curtain 10 is closed. As shown in fig. 22.
4. And (5) cooling in summer in daytime: when the cooling modes such as ventilation, wet curtain, spraying, sunshade and the like can not control the temperature in a proper range, the cooling mode is started: the roof ventilation opening 7 is opened at a certain angle according to the pressure, the positive pressure fan 14 is opened with smaller ventilation quantity, and the air forms external circulation from the side wall to the ventilation pipe and then to the roof; the wet curtain water pump is closed, the heat pump refrigeration mode is started, the lower space is cooled, if the top sunshade system 1 is started, the illumination is still strong, and the folding hollow heat preservation and insulation curtain 22 can be partially started to enhance the shading effect and the heat insulation effect. And if the carbon dioxide concentration is lower than the set value under the ventilation quantity, starting a carbon dioxide supply system to supplement carbon dioxide. As shown in fig. 23.
Claims (8)
1. An energy-saving temperature regulation system for a large-scale multi-span greenhouse, which comprises a heat pump system and a carbon dioxide supply system, and is characterized in that: the greenhouse also comprises a heat preservation and insulation system (2), wherein the heat preservation and insulation system (2) is fixed above plants in the greenhouse, and the heat preservation and insulation system (2) divides the internal space of the greenhouse into an upper part and a lower part after being started; the heat preservation and insulation system (2) comprises a folding hollow heat preservation and insulation curtain (22), a fixing frame (21) and a driving system; the folding hollow heat-insulating curtain (22) is made of transparent materials, the section of each air chamber is hexagonal when in use, and the curtain is folded when in use; the surface cooler and the matched fan (6) of the heat pump system are arranged below the planting frame (4) in the greenhouse and are used for heating and cooling; carbon dioxide pipelines (5) of the carbon dioxide supply system are arranged in the greenhouse, and carbon dioxide can be supplemented in daytime to improve photosynthetic efficiency.
2. An energy-saving type temperature regulating system for a large-scale multi-span greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein: the greenhouse also comprises an original sun-shading system (1), a ventilation system, a spraying system and a control system.
3. An energy-saving type temperature regulating system for a large-scale multi-span greenhouse according to claim 2, wherein: the heat preservation and heat insulation system (2) can also comprise a layer of heat preservation film (17) to enhance heat preservation performance.
4. An energy-saving type temperature regulating system for a large-scale multi-span greenhouse according to claim 3, wherein: and a side wall ventilation opening (8) is formed in the side wall of the greenhouse, and the height of the side wall ventilation opening (8) is higher than the height of the heat preservation and insulation system (2).
5. The method of operating an energy-efficient temperature regulation system for a large-scale multi-span greenhouse according to claim 3 or 4, further characterized by:
the method for preserving heat at night in winter comprises the following steps: when sunset or the temperature is too low, the folding hollow heat-insulating curtains (22) are started, and after all the folding hollow heat-insulating curtains (22) are started, a relatively closed heat-insulating layer is formed in the middle of the greenhouse; in areas and/or periods of particularly low temperature, the insulating film (17) may be activated simultaneously to increase the insulating effect; when the temperature is lower than a set value, a heating mode of the heat pump system is started, and the surface cooler and the matched fan (6) are opened to heat the space where the plants are located.
6. The method of operating an energy-efficient temperature regulation system for a large-scale multi-span greenhouse according to claim 3 or 4, further characterized by:
the method for insulating the daytime in winter comprises the following steps: in the region and/or the period of low temperature, the temperature required by the efficient photosynthesis of plants cannot be maintained only by illumination and greenhouse enclosing materials in the daytime, and the folded hollow heat-insulating curtain (22) is kept in an enabled state in the daytime; if the temperature still cannot be met, starting the heat pump system to heat, and when the temperature reaches the lowest set value, stopping heating; when the temperature exceeds the lowest set value and reaches a certain set value, the folding hollow heat preservation and insulation curtain (22) is deactivated; in order to maintain the temperature in the above heat preservation state, external circulation ventilation cannot be performed, so that carbon dioxide is required to be provided for the space where plants are located through a carbon dioxide pipeline (5) to ensure photosynthetic efficiency; when the temperature continues to rise and is higher than the set value of the external circulation ventilation, the external circulation ventilation system is started, and whether the carbon dioxide supply is started or not is determined according to the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the room.
7. The method of operating an energy-efficient temperature regulation system for a large-scale multi-span greenhouse according to claim 3 or 4, further characterized by:
the method for cooling at night in summer comprises the following steps: when the external circulation ventilation can not meet the low-temperature requirement, the folding hollow heat-preservation heat-insulation curtain (22) is started, and after all the folding hollow heat-preservation heat-insulation curtains (22) are started, a relatively closed heat-insulation layer is formed in the middle of the greenhouse; in the region and/or the period of high temperature, the heat-insulating film (17) can be started at the same time, so that the heat-insulating effect is improved; and starting a heat pump system refrigerating mode, opening a surface cooler and a matched fan (6), cooling the space where the plants are positioned, and controlling the temperature in a set range.
8. The method of operating an energy-efficient temperature regulation system for a large-scale multi-span greenhouse of claim 4, further characterized by:
the method for cooling in summer in daytime comprises the following steps: when the temperature cannot be controlled in a proper range by the modes of ventilation, wet curtain, spraying and sun-shading and cooling, the external circulation ventilation quantity is reduced to the minimum ventilation level, a heat pump refrigeration mode is started, the temperature is lowered for the lower space, if the top sun-shading system (1) is started, the illumination is strong, the folding hollow heat-insulating curtain (22) can be partially started to enhance the sun-shading effect and the heat-insulating effect, if the side wall ventilation opening (8) is formed, the sun-shading system (1) at the top of the greenhouse can be stopped, the folding hollow heat-insulating curtain (22) is completely started, the side wall ventilation opening (8) and the roof ventilation opening (7) are simultaneously started, the heat pump refrigeration mode is started, the temperature is lowered for the lower space, and meanwhile, the carbon dioxide supply system is started to supplement carbon dioxide for the space where plants are located.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311194419.0A CN116965266A (en) | 2023-09-15 | 2023-09-15 | Energy-saving temperature regulating system for large multi-span greenhouse and operation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311194419.0A CN116965266A (en) | 2023-09-15 | 2023-09-15 | Energy-saving temperature regulating system for large multi-span greenhouse and operation method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116965266A true CN116965266A (en) | 2023-10-31 |
Family
ID=88483486
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311194419.0A Pending CN116965266A (en) | 2023-09-15 | 2023-09-15 | Energy-saving temperature regulating system for large multi-span greenhouse and operation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116965266A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117941606A (en) * | 2024-03-27 | 2024-04-30 | 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 | Device and method for controlling and applying gas fertilizer for substrate cultivation, electronic equipment and storage medium |
-
2023
- 2023-09-15 CN CN202311194419.0A patent/CN116965266A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117941606A (en) * | 2024-03-27 | 2024-04-30 | 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 | Device and method for controlling and applying gas fertilizer for substrate cultivation, electronic equipment and storage medium |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101701479B (en) | Ventilating glass curtain wall and working method thereof | |
| CN106013547A (en) | Ventilation double glass curtain wall integrating green plants with photovoltaic system | |
| CN116965266A (en) | Energy-saving temperature regulating system for large multi-span greenhouse and operation method | |
| CN103070048A (en) | Energy-saving and temperature-controlling type greenhouse | |
| CN111578624A (en) | Multifunctional cooperative self-adaptive drying system and drying method | |
| CN206061687U (en) | A kind of greenhouse of active control soil air humiture | |
| CN202285700U (en) | Energy-saving and temperature-control type greenhouse | |
| CN202714041U (en) | Composite thermoregulation intelligent soilless culture system | |
| CN110499821B (en) | Energy-saving ventilation structure of building and operation method thereof | |
| JP2011004739A (en) | Greenhouse cultivation system | |
| KR102035865B1 (en) | Carbon Dioxide Self Concentrating Type Heat Pump Thermohygrostat for Plant Factory and its Control Method | |
| JP2016140304A (en) | Closed space sunlight-type hydroponics tank apparatus | |
| CN204272824U (en) | A kind of green house energy-saving temperature-control system | |
| CN208402677U (en) | A kind of phytoclimate case having the soil moisture and air themperature division control type | |
| CN202503968U (en) | Solar adsorption refrigeration device for planting greenhouse | |
| CN205658103U (en) | Wet curtain fan forced draft circulation cooling system | |
| KR101021723B1 (en) | Self-supply integrated heating and cooling device | |
| CN111011064B (en) | Multifunctional greenhouse environment adjusting system and operation method | |
| CN206656950U (en) | A kind of chamber for simulating algal grown environment | |
| CN112586245A (en) | Geothermal energy air conditioning system for vegetable low-temperature and low-irradiation prevention and control technology | |
| CN112586237A (en) | Tidal natural light artificial climate greenhouse and control method | |
| CN206272324U (en) | A kind of edible mushroom producing chambers open air exhaust device | |
| CN112212429A (en) | Low-energy-consumption air conditioner cooling system based on evaporative cooling and seasonal cold storage | |
| CN118235641A (en) | Air pretreatment room for energy-saving greenhouse and application method of air pretreatment room | |
| CN216600986U (en) | Air mixing homogenization climatic chamber |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |