CN116944812A - Thin-wall copper belt connection process for relay-free optical cable - Google Patents
Thin-wall copper belt connection process for relay-free optical cable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116944812A CN116944812A CN202310959825.5A CN202310959825A CN116944812A CN 116944812 A CN116944812 A CN 116944812A CN 202310959825 A CN202310959825 A CN 202310959825A CN 116944812 A CN116944812 A CN 116944812A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- thin
- wall copper
- copper belt
- belt
- optical cable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006223 plastic coating Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
- G02B6/4427—Pressure resistant cables, e.g. undersea cables
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
Abstract
The invention discloses a thin-wall copper belt connection process for a relay-free optical cable, which comprises the following steps of: preparing, cutting, preprocessing, lapping, welding, leveling, trimming and annealing, and heating the lapping area by using an annealing device under the protection of inert gas. By means of the mode, the thin-wall copper strip splicing process for the relay-free optical cable is simple and convenient to operate, the on-line splicing success rate reaches over ninety-eight percent, the splicing strength and reliability are ensured, the lap joint area and the first thin-wall copper strip have the same width and thickness, and the lap joint area can keep the same comprehensive mechanical performance and electrical performance as the first thin-wall copper strip.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of production of a relay-free optical cable, in particular to a thin-wall copper strip splicing process for a relay-free optical cable.
Background
The submarine optical cable is divided into two main products, namely a relay type product and a non-relay type product, wherein a thin-wall copper belt is required to be arranged in the structure of the non-relay submarine optical cable and is used for detecting conductors and faults in the operation of a submarine cable system. Unrepeatered series of submarine cables are typically laid on a land frame of hundreds of meters offshore to the seabed, subject to severe environmental challenges. Therefore, the sea cable product requires extremely high reliability and quality.
Any structural unit in the structure of the unrepeatered submarine optical cable must reliably operate for twenty-five years, so that each process must be finished in the process of manufacturing the unrepeatered submarine optical cable, and the process of longitudinally coating the copper strip is a key process.
In the process of producing the metal tape longitudinal cladding process of the optical cable without the relay sea, the cladding of the thin-wall metal tape is a precise special process, wherein the online reliable joint tape in the production process is a technological problem which must be solved: namely, the process operations of storing the metal strip, welding the metal strip and normally releasing the strip are sequentially completed without slowing down the production speed. In the short length of the storage belt, the high-quality belt splicing process must be completed without any loss, and the process has certain requirements on the technology of personnel.
The risk of producing a short length of submarine cable product is correspondingly reduced a lot, while the risk of continuously producing an ultra-long unrepeatered submarine cable of nearly hundred kilometers is increased abruptly. The length of the single-disc thin-wall copper belt is limited, connection is needed, in the production process of the ultra-large-length relay-free optical cable product, often the single-disc thin-wall copper belt comprises a plurality of strip connecting points of the thin-wall copper belt, and once a personnel and a strip connecting device are in error, the thin-wall copper belt in the product is disconnected, so that a continuous and stable conductor structure of nearly hundred kilometers cannot be formed. In general, after the thin-wall copper belts in the submarine optical cable are disconnected, the thin-wall copper belts can only be subjected to sectional degradation treatment, so that significant loss is caused.
At present, in order to weld the thin-wall copper strip in a limited time, the step of butt joint of the copper strip is reduced, only the copper strip can be connected together, the certain joint strength of the joint point is ensured, and the joint point is not broken after passing through a longitudinal wrapping mold. Because the thin-wall copper belts are generally welded by using resistance lap joint, the contact resistance at the lap joint is larger, and the direct current resistance of the whole copper belt is increased to a certain extent by accumulation, so that the electrical performance index of the submarine optical cable is always in a critical value. During the long service life of the relay-free submarine optical cable, the electric performance degradation can cause the fault detection positioning error to exceed the standard, thereby improving the maintenance and fault first-aid repair cost and bringing obvious hidden trouble to the product quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a thin-wall copper strip splicing process for a relay-free optical cable, which realizes the rapid splicing of the thin-wall copper strip, improves the splicing strength and controls the contact resistance at the splicing position.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the thin-wall copper belt jointing process for the relay-free optical cable comprises the following steps:
preparation: preparing a first thin-wall copper belt and a second thin-wall copper belt which need to be connected, and finding out the end parts of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt which need to be connected;
cutting: cutting the ends of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt, which need to be connected, to form corresponding oblique angles, wherein the angle is 40-50 degrees;
pretreatment: cleaning a plastic coating layer on the end part of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt, which need to be connected, so as to remove a section of film;
overlap joint: overlapping the ends of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt, which need to be connected, up and down, wherein the length of an overlapping area is 5-7 mm;
welding: pressurizing and orderly spot-welding the lap joint area by using resistance welding equipment to realize fusion welding of the lap joint part;
leveling: uniformly hammering the welding area by using an air hammer, so that the thickness of the lap joint area is consistent with the thickness of the first thin-wall copper belt;
trimming: shearing off overflow parts on two sides of the flattened overlap area by using a shearing tool, so as to ensure that the width of the overlap area is consistent with the width of the first thin-wall copper strip;
annealing: under the protection of inert gas, heating the lap joint area by using an annealing device, connecting the anode and the cathode of the annealing device at two sides of the lap joint area, then introducing 10-100 mA of direct current, heating for 5-8 s, and then cooling.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, during on-line connection, the first thin-wall copper belt is normally fed, and in the preparation step, the first thin-wall copper belt with the length of 150-250 meters is reserved by utilizing a belt storage device.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the cutting step, the ends of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt, which need to be connected, are stacked in a vertically flush manner, and then the synchronous cutting is performed by using a cutter.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the pretreatment step, the plastic coating layers at the corresponding ends of the first thin-wall copper strip and the second thin-wall copper strip are uniformly burned by the flame of the pure alcohol lamp, and after the corresponding films are removed, the metal-phase fine sand paper is used for polishing, and then the metal-phase fine sand paper is wiped clean.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the annealing step, the transparent cover is used to seal the overlap region, and inert gas is introduced into the transparent cover, wherein the flow rate of the inert gas is 5-20 ml/s.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt have the same specification, the width of the first thin-wall copper belt is 17-27 mm, and the thickness of the first thin-wall copper belt is 0.1-0.3 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the resistance welding apparatus includes a pair of tungsten electrodes and a cylinder driving the tungsten electrodes to expand and contract.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the duration of the cooling in the annealing step is between 5 and 10 seconds, and the protection of inert gas is maintained during the cooling.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the thin-wall copper strip splicing process for the no-relay-sea optical cable realizes fusion welding of a splicing part through cutting, pretreatment, lapping and welding, ensures the strength and reliability of a splicing tape, carries out treatment of a lapping area through leveling, trimming and annealing, ensures the width and thickness of the lapping area consistent with those of the first thin-wall copper strip, is beneficial to keeping the comprehensive mechanical property and electrical property consistent with those of the first thin-wall copper strip in the lapping area, ensures the stability and reliability after being subjected to cladding molding in the no-relay-sea optical cable, has simple and convenient operation, has the success rate of the online splicing tape reaching more than ninety-eight percent, has low labor intensity of personnel operation and ensures the splicing quality.
Drawings
For a clearer description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a top view of a preferred embodiment of a first thin-walled copper strip and a second thin-walled copper strip in a thin-walled copper strip splicing process for a tandem-free optical cable of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the first and second thin-walled copper belts of FIG. 1 during cutting;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the first and second thin-walled copper belts of FIG. 2 after pretreatment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of FIG. 3 after the first thin-wall copper strip and the second thin-wall copper strip overlap;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the first and second thin-walled copper belts of FIG. 4 during a welding process;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the first and second thin-walled copper belts of FIG. 5 during a leveling process;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the first and second thin-walled copper belts of FIG. 6 during edging;
fig. 8 is a top view of the first thin-walled copper strip and the second thin-walled copper strip of fig. 6 during an annealing process.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Through the deep understanding of the longitudinal coating requirement of the thin-wall copper belt: the thin-wall red copper strip is tightly coated on the steel pipe light unit, the coating part is coated on the lap joint part to be tightly adhered, irregular flanging and lotus-shaped edges are avoided, the thickness of a resistance welding joint point is basically consistent with that of the body, the width and the thickness of the thin-wall red copper strip are controlled within the tolerance range, and the tensile strength and the elongation of the thin-wall red copper strip joint point are basically consistent with those of the body.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, an embodiment of the present invention includes:
a thin-wall copper belt connection process for a relay-free optical cable comprises the following steps:
preparation: as shown in fig. 1, preparing a first thin-wall copper belt 1 and a second thin-wall copper belt 2 to be connected, and finding out the end parts of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt to be connected, wherein in the embodiment, the specifications of the first thin-wall copper belt 1 and the second thin-wall copper belt 2 are the same, the width of the first thin-wall copper belt is 17-27 mm, and the thickness of the first thin-wall copper belt is 0.1-0.3 mm;
in the production process of the relay-free optical cable, the first thin-wall copper strip 1 needs to be longitudinally coated on line, and is connected by the second thin-wall copper strip 2, namely, when in on-line connection, the first thin-wall copper strip 1 is normally walked, and in the connection process, in order not to influence the normal production of the relay-free optical cable, the first thin-wall copper strip with the length of 150-250 meters needs to be reserved by a strip storage device for buffering;
cutting: cutting the ends of the first thin-wall copper belt 1 and the second thin-wall copper belt 2, which need to be connected, to form corresponding oblique angles, wherein the angles are 40-50 degrees as shown in fig. 2, so that subsequent uniform lap joint is facilitated, the effective lap joint length is prolonged, and the tensile strength after welding is improved;
in the embodiment, the ends of the first thin-wall copper belt 1 and the second thin-wall copper belt 2, which need to be connected, are stacked up and down in a flush manner, and then are synchronously cut by a cutter, so that the consistency of the bevel angles of the ends of the first thin-wall copper belt 1 and the second thin-wall copper belt 2 is ensured;
pretreatment: cleaning the plastic coating layer of the end part of the first thin-wall copper belt 1 and the second thin-wall copper belt 2, which need to be connected, and removing a section of film as shown in fig. 3 so as not to influence the subsequent welding;
in the embodiment, the plastic coating layers at the corresponding ends of the first thin-wall copper belt 1 and the second thin-wall copper belt 2 can be uniformly burned through the flame of a pure alcohol lamp, after the corresponding films are removed, metallographic fine sand paper is used for polishing, and then wiping and cleaning are carried out;
overlap joint: overlapping the ends of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt, which need to be connected, up and down, wherein the length of the overlapping area is 5-7 mm as shown in fig. 4, so that the subsequent fusion welding is facilitated;
welding: pressurizing and orderly spot-welding the lap joint region by using resistance welding equipment to realize fusion welding of the lap joint part, and densely spot-welding along the length direction of the lap joint region as shown in fig. 5, so that the lap joint region is fully fused, and the welding effect is good;
in this embodiment, the resistance welding device includes a pair of tungsten electrodes 3 and a cylinder driving the tungsten electrodes to stretch and retract, and the cylinder is used to drive the upper and lower tungsten electrodes 3 to move, so as to realize pressurization and spot welding of the lap joint area, and improve stability of welding quality;
leveling: uniformly hammering the welding area by using an air hammer, as shown in fig. 6, so that the thickness of the lap joint area is consistent with the thickness of the first thin-wall copper belt;
trimming: shearing off the overflow parts 4 on two sides of the flattened overlap area by using a shearing tool, as shown in fig. 7, ensuring that the width of the overlap area is consistent with the width of the first thin-wall copper strip, and facilitating the overlap area to maintain the comprehensive mechanical performance and electrical performance consistent with the first thin-wall copper strip;
annealing: the transparent cover shell 5 is adopted to seal the lap joint area, inert gas such as argon is input into the transparent cover shell 5, the flow rate of the inert gas is 5-20 ml/s, the transparent cover shell 5 can adopt an upper-lower split structure, the assembly is convenient, and the internal observation is convenient;
under the protection of inert gas, as shown in fig. 8, the overlap region is heated by using the annealing device 7, the anode and cathode 6 of the annealing device 7 are connected to two sides of the overlap region, then 10-100 mA of direct current is introduced, the voltage is 15-45V, heating is carried out for 5-8 s, then cooling is carried out, the cooling time is about 5-10 s, the inert gas input is stopped (the inert gas input is kept in the cooling process, the oxidation phenomenon caused by the contact of the surface of the thin-wall copper strip with air is avoided), the transparent housing 5 is opened, the anode and cathode 6 of the annealing device 7 are removed, the connection work is completed, and the time consumption of the whole connection process is controlled to be 3-5 minutes.
In conclusion, the thin-wall copper strip splicing process for the unrepeatered marine optical cable is simple and convenient to operate, reliable welding of the thin-wall copper strip is performed, the thin-wall copper strip is protected from thermal oxidation of the environment in the splicing process, excellent comprehensive mechanical performance and electrical performance are maintained, quality problems of unrepeatered submarine optical cable products caused by splicing are reduced, and the method can be applied to continuous and reliable splicing of the thin-wall copper strip of the unrepeatered marine optical cable with ultra-large length, and strip breakage problems and loss caused by poor splicing quality are avoided.
The foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent flow modifications which may be made by the teachings of the present invention or by other related art, either directly or indirectly, are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The thin-wall copper belt connection process for the relay-free optical cable is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparation: preparing a first thin-wall copper belt and a second thin-wall copper belt which need to be connected, and finding out the end parts of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt which need to be connected;
cutting: cutting the ends of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt, which need to be connected, to form corresponding oblique angles, wherein the angle is 40-50 degrees;
pretreatment: cleaning a plastic coating layer on the end part of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt, which need to be connected, so as to remove a section of film;
overlap joint: overlapping the ends of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt, which need to be connected, up and down, wherein the length of an overlapping area is 5-7 mm;
welding: pressurizing and orderly spot-welding the lap joint area by using resistance welding equipment to realize fusion welding of the lap joint part;
leveling: uniformly hammering the welding area by using an air hammer, so that the thickness of the lap joint area is consistent with the thickness of the first thin-wall copper belt;
trimming: shearing off overflow parts on two sides of the flattened overlap area by using a shearing tool, so as to ensure that the width of the overlap area is consistent with the width of the first thin-wall copper strip;
annealing: under the protection of inert gas, heating the lap joint area by using an annealing device, connecting the anode and the cathode of the annealing device at two sides of the lap joint area, then introducing 10-100 mA of direct current, heating for 5-8 s, and then cooling.
2. The process for splicing thin-wall copper belts for a trunk-free optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the first thin-wall copper belt is normally fed during on-line splicing, and the first thin-wall copper belt with the length of 150-250 m is reserved by a belt storage device in the preparation step.
3. The process for splicing thin-wall copper belts for a tandem-free optical cable according to claim 1, wherein in the step of cutting, the ends of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt to be spliced are stacked in a vertically flush manner, and then are synchronously cut by a cutter.
4. The process for splicing thin-wall copper belts for the fiber cable without the relay according to claim 1, wherein in the pretreatment step, the plastic coating layers at the corresponding ends of the first thin-wall copper belt and the second thin-wall copper belt are uniformly burned by the flame of a pure alcohol lamp, and after the corresponding films are removed, the thin-wall copper belts are polished by using metallographic fine sand paper and then wiped clean.
5. The process for splicing thin-walled copper belts for a trunk-free optical cable according to claim 1, wherein in the annealing step, a transparent cover is used for sealing the lap joint area, and inert gas is introduced into the transparent cover, wherein the flow rate of the inert gas is 5-20 ml/s.
6. The process for splicing the thin-wall copper strips for the relay-free optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the first thin-wall copper strip and the second thin-wall copper strip are identical in specification, the width of the first thin-wall copper strip is 17-27 mm, and the thickness of the first thin-wall copper strip is 0.1-0.3 mm.
7. The process for splicing thin-walled copper belts for a trunk-free optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the resistance welding device comprises a pair of tungsten electrodes and a cylinder driving the tungsten electrodes to stretch.
8. The process for splicing thin-walled copper belts for a trunk-free optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the duration of cooling in the annealing step is 5 to 10 seconds, and the protection of inert gas is maintained during the cooling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310959825.5A CN116944812A (en) | 2023-08-02 | 2023-08-02 | Thin-wall copper belt connection process for relay-free optical cable |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310959825.5A CN116944812A (en) | 2023-08-02 | 2023-08-02 | Thin-wall copper belt connection process for relay-free optical cable |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116944812A true CN116944812A (en) | 2023-10-27 |
Family
ID=88456473
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310959825.5A Pending CN116944812A (en) | 2023-08-02 | 2023-08-02 | Thin-wall copper belt connection process for relay-free optical cable |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116944812A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-08-02 CN CN202310959825.5A patent/CN116944812A/en active Pending
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