CN1169434C - Temp-sensitive lethality male silkworm breeding method - Google Patents
Temp-sensitive lethality male silkworm breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1169434C CN1169434C CNB011336935A CN01133693A CN1169434C CN 1169434 C CN1169434 C CN 1169434C CN B011336935 A CNB011336935 A CN B011336935A CN 01133693 A CN01133693 A CN 01133693A CN 1169434 C CN1169434 C CN 1169434C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a temperature-sensitive lethal male silkworm variety breeding method, particularly a male silkworm variety breeding method, more specifically a method for controlling the sex of silkworms and making female silkworm ova lethal and male silkworm ova normally incubated. The present invention reaches the purpose of especially breeding male silkworms. The method comprises the concrete steps: (1) selecting existing excellent multi-silk silkworm varieties 871, 872 and a sex-linked temperature-sensitive lethal variety sch as materials; (2) using a combined method of backcross introduction and directional generation selection to obtain male silkworm foundation varieties 871 sch and 872 sch with stable genetic genes and favorable economic character and production performance; (3) pairing and hybridizing 871 sch and 872 sch original seeds and conventional sex-linked varieties 872 and 871 to form into a generation of male silkworm hybrid varieties 872*871 sch and 871*872 sch for production. The present invention realizes the purpose of especially breaking male silkworms and producing male silk in production, and provides significant variety assurance for enhancing the quality and grade of raw silk and reeling high-grade male silk.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of male silkworm variety; Specifically, relate to a kind of control of silkworm sex, even female silkworm seed causes death, the method for the normal hatching of male silkworm seed.
Background technology
Silk is we ancestors' greatness invention, and silk already is that China has more than 5000 year historical conventional industries; From ancient times to the present, all occupying critical role in the social economy and culture life, also is one of important exporting of China.Along with high and new technology in recent years promotes the variation of silk demand status in the fast development of World Economics and the world wide, traditional silk industry is faced with formidable challenges.China's silk product unreasonable structure, of low quality and product technology content are low etc., and shortcoming highlights.Trace it to its cause, mainly show following two aspects: the one, technical merit falls behind, and the breakthrough on the silkworm breeding is little; Sericulture technological means, technological facilities are outmoded, cause cocoon quality not high, the raw silk quality of production low (having only 2A, 3A); The 2nd, the mode of production falls behind, and remains decentralized peasant's mode of production of the single household of following for thousands of years, and low productivity, production cost height, the control of quality of production index are extremely unstable, causes equally that the cocoon quality produced is not high, raw silk quality is low.
Yet, a constructive variations is quite completely just being experienced in the trade of world's silk and the thick finished product of silk, being world market (mainly being American-European market) increases substantially the demand of high-quality silk, the supply and demand situation of its silk is: China accounts for 90% of the required raw silk in West Europe to the raw silk supply in West Europe, the stub market of China silk accounts for 1/3rd of the whole raw silk export volumes of China.Occident is maximum in the world raw silk import and high-grade silks and satins production of articles processing base, and very strict to the requirement of raw silk quality, particularly the high-quality silk demand to the 5A level is about 4500 tons every year, and just among steady-state growth.Therefore, only improve constantly the output and the quality of silk cocoon, just can produce the raw silk and the silk weaving product of high-quality, satisfy ever-increasing outlet needs.
The silkworm kind is the key factor of decision silk quality, and common silkworm variety more and more can not satisfy the needs of production high-quality, extra best best raw silk.Improvement and the economic characters that improve cultivated silkworm breed variety are the present silkworm major issues anxious to be solved of already upgrading.Although desire to make conventional variety that relatively difficulty of breakthrough is arranged, because the silkworm different sexes has very big-difference (as table 1) on economic worth, male silkworm is compared with female silkworm has many outstanding advantages, so people turn to sight male silkworm specially to support.
The male silkworm of table 1, female silkworm economic worth comparison sheet,
| Economic worth | ♂ | ♀ | Economic worth | ♂ | ♀ | |
| To the many wet resistances of high temperature | By force | A little less than | The size of cocoon filament | 89.2 | 100 | |
| Sericterium growth in 5 ages multiple | 140 | 107.5 | Cleanliness | 103.2 | 100 | |
| Eat the mulberry amount 5 ages | 88 | 100 | Bright cocoon silk production rate | 122.4 | 100 | |
| The cocoon layer rate | 122 | 100 | The baking rate | 103.7 | 100 | |
| Silk is long | 109.8 | 100 | The raw silk grade | 5A | 3A | |
| Length of non broken filament | 109.9 | 100 | Raw silk is embraced and power | Precursor | 88 | 88 |
| Soak silk | 46 | 46 | ||||
At present, the sex controlling mode of silkworm mainly contains following several:
1. the control of sex-limited system;
2. genetic equilibrium lethal gene control;
3. temperature sensitive lethal gene control embryonic period, embryonic phase;
4. sex controlling gene clone control.
The scientific worker of states such as China, Japan, Korea S, Russia studies the sex controlling technology of silkworm from different perspectives, explores the technological approaches of specially supporting male silkworm, has obtained important achievement, but utilization also is in the starting stage on producing.
Russian scientist utilizes the radioinduction technology to breed male silkworm such as balanced lethal system, sex-limited ovum colour system basis kind, but because the no silk industry of its this country, so should the basis kind can not be used for producing.
Academy of agricultural sciences, China Zhejiang Province has introduced the basic kind of silkworm balanced lethal system from Russia, and improve, transformation, select comparatively good male silkworm hybrid combination, beginning is supported in rural area examination, but it is also unstable to raise achievement.
Utilizing the temperature sensitive lethal gene of silkworm sex-linkage to control the silkworm sex, is the comparatively active problem of domestic in recent years research, and Agricultural University Of Southwest does a lot of work in this respect, breed Xia Fang * autumn SCH male silkworm variety, but economic characters is still waiting further improvement.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome the problem and shortage that prior art exists, and proposes a kind of breeding method of temp-sensitive lethality male silkworm.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, promptly utilize temperature sensitive lethal gene embryonic period, embryonic phase, control the silkworm sex by environmental condition (temperature of hastening the hatching of silkworms), make silkworm egg have the temperature sensitive deadly characteristics of female embryo, promptly give certain temperature and make female ovum death at hatching period of silkworm egg, male ovum is normally hatched, thereby reaches the purpose of specially supporting male silkworm.Specifically: the XT abruptly-changing system of 1. selecting the existing silkworm kind 871,872 of good multifibres amount for use and having a temperature sensitive lethal gene sch of sex-linkage is made material.2. the method for using " importing of backcrossing " and " directive breeding from generation to generation " to combine, i.e. F
1-F
6For continuous backcross, F
7-F
8For selfing, through the seed selection continuously of 7-8 generation, realize temperature sensitive lethal gene sch to 871,872 transductions, obtain that gene are stable, economic characters and good male silkworm basis kind 871sch and the 872sch of productivity.3. and with original seed and its routine of 871sch and 872sch hybridize handing over kind 872 and 871 pairings, be combined into male silkworm first generation cross-fertilize seed 872 * 871sch and 871 * 872sch, for the usefulness of production.
The present invention has advantage and good effect:
1) method that adopts " importing of backcrossing " and " directive breeding from generation to generation " to combine imports the temperature sensitive lethal gene of sch in the existing improved seeds, and is simple, efficient and convenient.
2) utilize environmental temperature control silkworm sex, workable.
3) resulting male silkworm variety economic characters are good, strong easily supports.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a sch gene sex controlling schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 imports the block diagram of 871 and 872 commercial varieties for the sch gene;
Wherein: ♂-male, ♀-female individuals,
The mating between filial generation and parent is backcrossed in *-expression.
⊙-expression selfing, the mating between the male and female of same kind.
F
1-first-filial generation F
2-hybridized for 2 generations.
Embodiment
1, the purebred cultivation of 71sch, 872sch
(1) it is maternal to select for use the existing silkworm kind 871,872 of dual-purpose in spring and autumn to do respectively, and its genotype is Z
+ schW; (the XT abruptly-changing system is by making kind greatly through the mutagenic obtained abruptly-changing system of x-ray bombardment with the XT abruptly-changing system.Find that through genetic analysis this system has the temperature sensitive lethal gene sch of sex-linkage) make male parent, its genotype is Z
SchZ
Sch(sch is a recessive gene).See Fig. 1.
(2) make recurrent parent with 871,872, the method that adopts " importing of backcrossing " and " directive breeding from generation to generation " to combine is selecting moth district and the individuality that the every achievement of reselection procedure is good, be partial to maternal character when reserving seed for planting.
As shown in Figure 1, F
1In generation,, female silkworm was red ant entirely, and had temperature sensitive deadly characteristics; Male silkworm is entirely for black ant, to the temperature-insensitive that hastens the hatching of silkworms.In order to recover to hatch fully, the hatching period of silkworm egg optimum temp. and humidity of female ovum that grants asylum.With F
1Raise some moths district respectively for male and female, every achievement is adjusted comparison, add selection directly perceived, eliminate the moth district of achievement and proterties difference, stay good moth district, the moth district selects the defect individual kind reserving seed for planting.
F
2Isolate red ant and black ant half and half for newly-hatched silkworm, raise the some districts of red ant, raise 871,872 of equivalent simultaneously respectively.Every achievement and naked eyes according to phase of raising and kind cocoon phase carry out strict moth district and individual choice, and the superior reserves seed for planting, and red ant ♂ and normal 871,872 ♀ are backcrossed.See Fig. 2.
(3) from F
1In generation, played continuous backcross, number repeats for seed selection, by repeatedly backcrossing, system has 97.625% maternal inheritance gene, obtain the more stable sch of the genetic character system of isozygotying, purebred 871sch of target and 872sch are bred in every economic characters of system and raising that productivity obtains consolidating in the seed selection process.
Carry out individual choice when 2, each generation is formed new varieties.
In the feeding process of various places, select to be of strong physique, to grow neat, that cocoon shape is neat and well spaced, the cocoon layer rate is high moth district and individuality and reserve seed for planting, as the material of next step seed selection, its screening time and stage such as following table:
| Vegetative period | Age in days | Screening index |
| Juvenile stage | 1-3 age (about 9-11 days) | Activity, trend, feeding habits, molting speed and regularity, the length of time pass through |
| The big length of time | 4-5 age (12-14 days) | Body colour, figure, the bodily form, food mulberry amount, molting speed and regularity, growth |
| Cocoon pupa time | 13-15 days | Cocoon weight, cocoon shape, cocoon look, cocoon quality, worm pupa are unified vital rates |
| The ovum phase | Silkworm seed shape, chorion look, silkworm seed adhesive force, hatching situation |
2, the pairing of male silkworm first generation cross-fertilize seed and practical the popularization
Making of (1) 871 * 872sch and 872 * 871sch crossbreed
With the original seed of 871sch and 872sch respectively with routine to handing over kind 872,871 hybridization, make male silkworm first generation cross-fertilize seed 872 * 871sch and 871 * 872sch, they have economic characters and the productivity more excellent than 871 * 872 reciprocal crosss, because of its genotype is Z
SchW and Z
+Z
SchSo female have temperature sensitive deadly characteristics of hatching period of silkworm egg.
The examination of (2) 871 * 872sch and 872 * 871sch is supported and is promoted
The temp. and humidity of female silkworm embryonic death (but male silkworm is not had influence) is hastened the hatching of silkworms male silkworm first generation cross-fertilize seed 871 * 872sch, the 872 * 871sch usefulness of making, female ovum can not be hatched, male silkworm normally hatches, and is applied to actual production and popularization.
The incubation condition of 872 * 871sch: be under the RH60% drying regime, with 32 ℃ of-35 ℃ of Temperature Treatment 36-72hr, female silkworm death, male silkworm incubation rate reaches more than 97%; The incubation condition of 871 * 872sch is: under the RH60% drying regime, and with 31 ℃ of-35 ℃ of Temperature Treatment 60-72hr, female silkworm death, male silkworm incubation rate reaches more than 97%.
3, the male silkworm variety that brings out is suitable for conventional silkworm already to be produced, and its economic characters and technical indicator should reach following requirement:
The worm pupa is unified vital rates: 98% above cocoon weight: more than 1.8 grams
The cocoon layer rate: 26% above silk is long: more than 1100 meters
Bright cocoon silk production rate: 17% gram ant amount of cocoon crop: more than 3 kilograms
Reelability percentage: 70% above raw silk quality: more than the 5A level
Claims (1)
1, a kind of breeding method of temp-sensitive lethality male silkworm is characterized in that:
1. it is maternal to select for use existing routine dual-purpose multifibres silkworm kind in spring and autumn 871,872 to do, and the XT abruptly-changing system with the temperature sensitive lethal gene sch of sex-linkage is made male parent;
2. import the mode that combines with the generation directive breeding, i.e. F with backcrossing
1-F
6For continuous backcross, F
7-F
8For selfing,, obtain purebred 871sch and 872sch through the seed selection continuously of 7-8 generation;
3. original seed and its routine of 871sch and 872sch are hybridized handing over kind 872 and 871 pairings, be combined into male silkworm first generation cross-fertilize seed 872 * 871sch and 871 * 872sch;
4. select the specific temperature of hastening the hatching of silkworms, humidity and time: the incubation condition of 872 * 871sch is under the RH60% drying regime, with 32 ℃ of-35 ℃ of Temperature Treatment 36-72hr; The incubation condition of 871 * 872sch is under the RH60% drying regime, with 31 ℃ of-35 ℃ of Temperature Treatment 60-72hr.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB011336935A CN1169434C (en) | 2001-11-20 | 2001-11-20 | Temp-sensitive lethality male silkworm breeding method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011336935A CN1169434C (en) | 2001-11-20 | 2001-11-20 | Temp-sensitive lethality male silkworm breeding method |
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| CN1419821A CN1419821A (en) | 2003-05-28 |
| CN1169434C true CN1169434C (en) | 2004-10-06 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8309527B2 (en) | 1994-07-15 | 2012-11-13 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Immunomodulatory oligonucleotides |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101427667B (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2011-12-07 | 江苏科技大学 | Breeding method for cultivated silkworm breed variety of fluorine resistant larva and non-palea perfect insect wing |
| CN101427668B (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2011-06-01 | 江苏科技大学 | Breeding method for densovirus disease resistant and fluorine resistant cultivated silkworm breed variety |
| CN103749401B (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-05-27 | 西南大学 | Practical silkworm variety cultivation method capable of controlling male ratio and application |
| CN105165745B (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2017-09-19 | 浙江省农业科学院 | The silkworm property of filial generation all-male is than control breeding method |
| CN108142383B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2020-09-04 | 江苏苏豪蚕种有限公司 | Method for cultivating double-cocoon silkworm variety |
| CN114190339B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-05-23 | 西南大学 | Breeding method of limited white silkworm variety suitable for male and female silkworm partial rearing and male cocoon partial reeling |
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2001
- 2001-11-20 CN CNB011336935A patent/CN1169434C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8309527B2 (en) | 1994-07-15 | 2012-11-13 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Immunomodulatory oligonucleotides |
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