CN116940810A - 多次反射声音信号材料检测 - Google Patents

多次反射声音信号材料检测 Download PDF

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CN116940810A
CN116940810A CN202180093109.2A CN202180093109A CN116940810A CN 116940810 A CN116940810 A CN 116940810A CN 202180093109 A CN202180093109 A CN 202180093109A CN 116940810 A CN116940810 A CN 116940810A
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拉扎尔·比沃拉斯基
乔尔·布尔查姆
厄尔·克罗谢
詹姆斯·M·海姆
威廉·科尔曼
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Perception Sensor Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置和方法。所述装置包括容器,所述容器的内部空间容纳有材料,其中所述材料具有至少两个分段层;第一声音传感器和第二声音传感器,所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器设置在所述容器的侧壁上,其中所述第一声音传感器沿着所述侧壁与第二声音传感器设置在不同的高度;声音信号,所述声音信号从所述第一声音传感器传输到所述容器的所述侧壁中,其中所述声音信号在所述侧壁的内表面和所述侧壁的外表面之间反射,直到在所述第二声音传感器处接收所述声音信号,并且基于所述声音信号,检测所述材料中至少两个所述分段层之间的边界。

Description

多次反射声音信号材料检测
本发明总体上涉及材料检测,并且更具体地涉及多次反射声音信号材料检测。
对于在工业和商业环境如天然气和石油工业中使用的流体存储容器,了解流体存储容器内的流体量非常重要。虽然有从容器内部检测液位的装置,但从容器外部检测液位是一个具有挑战性的提议。对于炼油厂或加油站的地下油箱中使用的油气罐来说尤其如此,因为在这些地方抵达油箱外部是不切实际或几乎不可能的。由于容器的尺寸以及需要精确测量流体的体积和量,问题出现了。
在一些情况下,可以通过监测连接到容器的入口管和出口管来测量容器内流体的流入量和流出量。然而,仅仅测量流入量和流出量并不能检测或解释容器中随着时间的推移经常发生的沉积水平。例如,对于原油容器,水和沉积物或污泥是原油的组成部分,一段时间后,它们会在容器内沉淀成层。污泥层主要由结晶石蜡形成,将沿着容器的底面形成,并占据容器内的空间。
对于长期经历流入和流出的容器,这些沉积水平会增加并减少容器的内部存储容积。因此,监测容器内各层材料的水平非常重要。清洁容器的内部通常是昂贵且耗时的过程,因此了解容器中的沉积物何时达到需要清洁、维护或以其他方式处理的水平是有益的。此外,检测容器内沉积物的情况非常重要,因为沉积物会减少储存流体(例如原油)的可用空间。
因此,迄今仍未实现工业中解决上述缺陷和不足的需要。
本发明的实施例提供了一种用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的***、方法和装置,从结构上简要描述,所述装置的一个实施例可以如下实现。用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置包括容器,所述容器的内部空间内容纳一定量材料,其中一定量所述材料具有至少两个分段层。第一声音传感器和第二声音传感器定位在所述容器的侧壁上,其中所述第一声音传感器沿着所述侧壁定位在与所述第二声音传感器不同的高度处。声音信号从所述第一声音传感器传输到所述容器的所述侧壁中,其中所述声音信号在所述侧壁的内表面和所述侧壁的外表面之间反射,直到所述声音信号在第二声音传感器处被接收,并且其中一定量所述材料的至少两个分段层之间的边界是通过所述声音信号检测到的。
本发明还可以视为提供一种用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置。简而言之,在结构上,所述装置的一个实施例可以如下实现。一容器,所述容器在内部空间内容纳一定量的材料,其中一定量的所述材料具有至少两个分段层,第一声音传感器和第二声音传感器定位在所述容器的侧壁上,其中所述第一声音传感器与所述第二声音传感器沿着所述侧壁定位在不同的高度处。声音信号从所述第一声音传感器传输到所述容器的所述侧壁中,其中所述声音信号在所述侧壁的内表面和所述侧壁的外表面之间反射,直到所述声音信号在第二声音传感器处被接收。至少一个计算装置与所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器通信连接,其中,计算所述声音信号在所述侧壁的所述内表面和所述侧壁的所述外表面之间多次反射后的能量损失,基于所述能量损失检测一定数量的所述材料的至少两个所述分段层之间的边界,所述侧壁的所述内表面和所述侧壁的所述外表面在所述边界的上方和下方,所述边界位于一定量所述材料的至少两个所述分段层之间。
本发明还可以视为提供用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的方法。在这方面,这种方法的一个实施例可概括为以下步骤:提供一容器,所述容器在内部空间内容纳一定量材料,其中一定量所述材料具有至少两个分段层;将第一声音传感器和第二声音传感器定位在所述容器的侧壁上,其中所述第一声音传感器沿着所述侧壁定位在与所述第二声音传感器不同的高度处;将声音信号从所述第一声音传感器传输到所述容器的所述侧壁中,由此所述声音信号在所述侧壁的内表面和所述侧壁的外表面之间反射;在所述第二声音传感器处接收通过所述侧壁反射的所述声音信号;基于接收到的所述声音信号确定一定量所述材料中至少两个所述分段层之间的边界。
在研究了以下附图和详细描述后,本发明的其他***、方法、特征和优点对于本领域技术人员来说将是显而易见的。所有这样的附加***、方法、特征和优点旨在包括在本说明书内、在本发明的范围内、并且受到所附权利要求的保护。
参考以下附图可以更好地理解本发明的许多方面。附图中的部件不一定按比例绘制,而是强调清楚地示出本发明的原理。此外,在附图中,在不同视图中,相同的附图标记表示相应的部分。
图1是本发明第一实施例中用于声音信号材料检测的装置的截面示意图。
图2是本发明第二实施例中用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置的截面示意图。
图3是本发明第二实施例中,如图2所示的用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置的具体横截面示意图。
图4是本发明第二实施例中用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置的截面示意图。
图5是本发明第二实施例中用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置的截面示意图。
图6是本发明第二实施例中用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置的俯视示意图。
图7是本发明第二实施例中用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的方法流程图。
本发明公开涉及改进的器皿、容器和类似存储设施内的材料检测,所述器皿、容器和类似存储设施包含、运输或以其他方式容纳材料,即流体或液体,例如石油产品和化学品。声音传感器用于确定容器内的材料水平和/或确定容器内的材料或多种材料的分段边界。例如,可以检测到达容器内预定高位置或容器内预定低位置的材料水平,其中这些预定高位置和预定低位置可以分别对应于容器中的高填充水平和低填充水平。还可以确定已分离成两个或更多个不同层的材料之间的边界,例如利用经历沉积沉降或分离的流体,就如在一段时间内油基材料和水基材料可能发生的情况。
总的来说,图1是根据本发明的第一实施例的用于声音信号材料检测的装置10的横截面示意图。如图1所示,用于声音信号材料检测的装置10,在本文中可简称为“装置10”,包括容器40,容器40包含一种或多种材料16,通常为液体、流体或粘性材料。虽然容器40中可以包括任何类型的流体材料,但为了公开清楚,本发明公开使用原油作为容器40内的材料16的示例。材料16占据容器40的内部部分42或内部空间。由于材料16没有完全且全部填充容器的内部部分42,所以气体层18或类似气***于材料16上方。
多个声音传感器20A-20D或换能器沿着容器40的侧壁44设置,并沿着侧壁44的各个高度设置。所述声音传感器20A-20D放置的位置是在容器40的外表面上,并且可以选择特定高度以测量其中在相应高度处的材料16的特性。例如,声音传感器20A-20B定位在容器40的顶面46附近,而声音传感器20C-20D定位在容器40的底面48附近。这些声音传感器20A-20D用作“水平”传感器并且可以定位在诸如“高”(20B)和“低”(20C)或“高-高”(20A)和“低-低”(20D)的位置。随着容器40内的材料16的液位升高和降低,声音传感器20A-20D可以确定材料16的上表面16A何时经过声音传感器20A-20D中的一个或多个。以这种方式,可以检测容器40内的材料16表面水平16A的移动,并且如果水平太高或太低则可以输出警报。重要的是,声音传感器20A-20B可用于防止溢出情况,由此当材料16的上表面16A经过声音传感器20B时,其可向操作者提供停止填充容器40的警告或警报。如果在声音传感器20A处检测到上表面16A,则***10可发出警报或自动停止填充操作,例如通过关闭容器40的入口处的阀门。
而图1示出了通常可以提供材料填充水平检测的***10,对于在任何给定时间点确定容器内的材料填充水平有需求,并且对于确定单个容器内的多种材料的数量有需求。为了随时解决容器中有多少材料这一更大的问题,除了确定临界水平之外,还可以在容器的侧壁内传输声音信号来确定材料水平。图2是根据本发明第二实施例中用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置110的截面示意图。用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置110在本文中可简称为“装置110”,其在容器40的侧壁44内,利用两个或更多个声音传感器120以及在声音传感器之间传输的声音信号,使得声音信号在容器40自身的侧壁44内反射。具体地,声音信号在侧壁44的外表面和侧壁44的内表面之间反射。图3是详细示出根据本发明第二实施例的图2中用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置的截面示意图。
参照图2-3,装置110可以包括液位检测传感器20A-20D,如相对于图1所描述的。另外,通过如附接至侧壁44的外表面44B,两个或更多个声音传感器120定位在容器40的侧壁44的外部。声音传感器120的位置可以定位在容器40上的固定高度处,或者高度可调节,使得它们可以沿着侧壁44垂直移动。如图2所示,声音传感器120可以向上或向下调整以位于新位置,如120A所示。高度调节可以通过任何技术进行,例如手动、自动或半自动。声音传感器120可以沿容器40在不同高度上基本垂直对齐地定位。
容器40虽然旨在容纳单一材料,例如原油,但最终可能由于材料的沉降和分离而被分割成多个材料层。例如,材料16可随时间沉降,由此部分材料基于其自然密度分离,或者材料内的悬浮固体可随时间聚集并与液体材料分离。虽然可使用任何流体或材料,但本发明实施例中,将材料16描述为原油,其可分离成沉积物或污泥层12、位于污泥层12上方的水层14、位于水层14上方的原油层16、以及位于容器40顶部附近的气体层18。这些层在图2中示出。每一层都可以具有与邻接层的边界,例如图3中描绘的水层顶面14A,作为水层14与原油层16之间的边界。
如图3所示,当装置在使用中时,装置110从声音传感器120之一传输声音信号150。如图3所示,信号从下方的声音传感器120传输。声音信号150移动并穿过容器40的侧壁44,直到到达侧壁44的内表面44A,此时声音信号被反射回外表面44B。声波150继续在侧壁44的内表面44A和外表面44B之间反射或反弹,直到声音信号到达另一个声音传感器120,例如图3中所示的上方的声音传感器120。根据构成侧壁44的材料以及容器40内的材料14、16,可调整发射的信号150的参数,例如信号150的角度、频率、波类型和/或强度。
需要注意的是,连接并同步两个声音传感器120以促进之间信号150的飞行时间测量。接收信号150的声音传感器120可以控制从发出信号的传感器120发射的信号150的相移,以使信号150最大化。在这个过程中,可以通过确定在信号通过阻抗屏障之前,信号150反射或反弹的次数来测量容器40的侧壁44的厚度和容器40内流体14/16的液位水平,阻抗屏障形成于材料层的接合处。如图3所示,在水14和原油16之间形成的阻抗屏障出现在表面14A处,装置110可以确定四个单独的信号反射B1、B2、B3和B4,上述信号反射发生在发送信号150的声音传感器120和14A处的阻抗屏障之间。
在设置时,测量侧壁44的材料密度和声速。还将装置110配置为通过使用装置来调节声波150的传输频率和角度,从而在侧壁44中进行一定数量的反射,此装置为根据需要定位声波150的传输的装置,例如可变角度传感器、楔子或另一安装装置。
图4是根据本发明第二实施例中用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置110的横截面示意图。图4示出了将声音传感器120定位在需要角度的楔形安装装置160的示例。楔形安装装置160可以是静态的,或者可以是可调节的,由此用户可以操纵楔形安装装置160的机械部件来增大或减小声音传感器120将信号150传输到侧壁44中的角度,使得该角度是相对于侧壁的非垂直角度。可变的角度允许以更高的精度测量材料水平。然而,当声音传感器120成角度地定位在侧壁44上时,由于更长的行进时间和受到材料衰减,信号可能需要更大的信号强度。使用穿过容器40的侧壁44的剪切波可以起到增加传输的能量的作用,在一些情况下,增加超过两倍。然而,剪切波是以较小的初始能量产生的。
初始设置还可包括利用可移动的传感器120来确定两个或更多个声音传感器120或一组声音传感器120的初始位置。虽然需要至少两个传感器来创建功能装置,但可以使用任何更多数量的声音传感器120。例如,如果容器40当前是空的或接近空的,则可能需要超过两个的声音传感器120。
图5是根据本发明第二实施例中用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置的横截面示意图。图5描绘了容器40接近空并且使用多个声音传感器120的示例。在使用超过两个声音传感器120的情况下,多个传感器120之间的通信连接能够确定容器40中任何材料的当前水平位置。在操作中,反射信号150(图3-4)可以仅在传感器120之间传输以显示与先前传感器120相比的密度变化。以这种方式,可以在容器40的侧面设置一排传感器,所述传感器彼此通信连接且间隔一定距离,并确定在容器40的竖直高度方向何处需要更精确的测量。然后,与容器40上的该位置相邻的两个传感器120可以彼此通信并开始以所请求的精度评估液位水平的过程。以这种方式,使用超过两个的声音传感器120可以快速确定容器40内材料变化的位置。
参考图2-5,应当注意,装置110可以利用数据聚合和处理,由此将来自声音传感器120、20A-20D或者任何其他声学或非声音传感器的信号数据传输到计算***以用于分析、检测、处理、警报或者其他功能。例如,如图2和图5所示,装置110可以通过一个或多个通信信道82和服务器84与云计算网络80通信,服务器84具有分析和聚合信息的处理器。可以使用任何类型的已知计算基础设施,所有这些都被认为在本发明的范围内。处理平台可以用作云网络80或服务器84内的控制***。处理平台可以包括或利用管理传感器120、20A-20D的人工智能,类似于IoT设备,从而允许它们在几乎不需要手动交互的情况下评估容器内部材料的准确材料水平。
关于声音传感器的位置和移动情况,还应当注意的是,声音传感器120可以具有切向移动的能力,即在传感器120位置处,在与容器40的外表面44B相切的平面中移动。
图6是根据本发明第二实施例中用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置的俯视示意图。图6示出了使用声音传感器120的切向运动。如图6所示,声音传感器120可以安装到安装结构162,所述安装结构162定位成与容器40的侧壁44的外表面相切。安装结构162可以是具有基本上平坦的平台的耐用框架,声音传感器120可以安装在其上并且根据安装结构162的取向在其上横向或竖直移动到如120A所示的新位置。任何类型的机械或机电部件可用于构造或操作安装结构162。
使用具有切向运动能力的声音传感器120可以带来额外的自由度以产生更精确的测量,因为除了之前提到的改变角度和波长之外,它还可以提供对于信号传输的增强调节和调谐。这种能力可以扩展装置110的范围和精度,并且可以用于优化声音传感器120的位置,以考虑容器40中流体液位的动态变化。在一个特定实施例中,当在维护之后填充容器40并且在维护之前清空容器40时,这一过程可能会更频繁发生。
对从一个或多个声音传感器20A-20D和120发射的信号进行处理以检测容器40内的材料水平依赖于许多因素、计算和评估。首先,通过计算,可以使用来自侧壁44的外表面44B的发射信号150的第一回波以及侧壁44在该位置处的测量温度来估计容器40的侧壁44的材料特性。使用容器40的侧壁44的共振方法和说明(例如可以从容器制造商提供的数据检索到的或通过其他内容推导出的),在传感器120的位置或预期位置处,可以确定或测量侧壁44的特定部分的准确厚度。在许多替代方案中,可以独立地测量整个侧壁44的厚度。
在装置110的设置过程中,可以使用信号传输的角度和所确定的侧壁44的厚度来计算反弹的次数或信号150反射的次数。然后,在测量期间,使用飞行时间和衰减来评估在阻抗屏障下方的材料中存在多少反射,以及在阻抗屏障上方的材料中存在多少反射,所述阻抗屏障位于材料的不同层之间。如图3所示,可评估信号150在水面14A下方靠近水14的侧壁44中的反射次数,例如B1至B4,然后可评估在水面14A上方的原油16中的反射次数,例如B5至B9。使用两种材料(例如水14和原油16)的测量密度,可以估计在侧壁44的内表面44A上每次反射时损失了多少能量。假设容器40外部(例如沿着外表面44B)的介质是大气或具有已知特性的类似材料,可以将这些能量损失添加到信号中。然后可以针对空气的环境温度、压力和湿度以及其他可能的参数来补偿或校正这些累积信号能量损失。
通过这些测量、确定和/或计算,可以知道信号150行进的距离、容器40中两种或所有材料在每次反射时的能量损失、以及在侧壁44材料中的衰减。然后,减去每次测量的温度补偿衰减,所得到的数值表示在信号150反射时损失的能量。为了求出容器40内的材料的水平,可以使用以下等式:
A*x+B*y+C*z=M
其中:
A是在阻抗屏障下方的材料每次反射时损失的信号量;
B是在阻抗屏障上方的材料每次反射时损失的信号量;
C是容器侧壁外表面每次反射时损失的信号量;
M是接收传感器处测量到的信号能量;
z是沿容器侧壁外表面在空气边界处的反射次数;
y是阻抗屏障上方材料内部边界处的反射次数;
x是阻抗屏障下方材料内部边界处的反射次数。
另外:
z=N-1,其中N是反射总数;以及
x+y=N,其中N是反射总数。
因此,要求解上述方程,可以使用以下方程:
AppA*x+B*(N-x)+C*(N-1)=M
x=(M–B*N–C*(N-1))/(A-B)
该测量的精度由信号反射的步长控制。在一实施例中,最初使用45°的剪切波。然后,35°和33°的剪切波可用于逐渐增加信号的能量,而不需要增加来自声音传感器的信号水平。为了提高精度,可以使用最大20°的纵波。与10°或5°的剪切波类似,传输到侧壁的波的能量会更高,而不会增加来自声音传感器的信号功率。此时,信号路径的长度显著增加,并且为了针对增加的声波功率和角度以及所使用的声波类型,声音传感器需要更高功率。需要说明的是,因为可以设置入射角以匹配设备的要求,从侧壁上的声音传感器传输的声波类型可以是剪切波和/或纵波。
由于沉积物、水或其他材料的水平会随着容器中存储的流体量而变化,因此可能需要定期调整声音传感器的位置。可以使用多个传感器来传输信号,只要至少一个传感器接收到信号即可。例如,接收信号的声音传感器可以配置为单个传感器或多个传感器、传感器阵列或可移动传感器。任何额外的传感器都可以用作同步装置。如果声音传感器可在信号接收侧移动,则它可以在与容器表面相切的平面内移动,这对于圆柱形储罐或管道来说很常见。其他类型的容器可能仅需要在容器的一侧进行平面移动。在容器或管道内材料的温度或流体成分发生变化的情况下,所述移动可以捕获从几何角度来说反射在声音传感器位置外的信号。传输声音传感器可以具有在与容器表面相切的平面中旋转和移动的能力。这样,可以使用信号路径的反射和变化来表征流体表面。信号接收侧的声音传感器的数量可以根据容器内的材料的状况和各个声音传感器的能力来确定。
另外,对于有流体流过的容器,例如具有流入和流出的管道或储罐,当流体流经容器时,可以在沿着流动方向和垂直于流动方向的两个维度添加信号感应传感器,以确定流体的流量和附加参数。因为在处理信号之前,信号的幅度在接收声音传感器中组合,因此信号必须是相位同步的。可以利用波的物理特性通过随时间叠加多个波来放大信号。因为衰减对材料参数和阻抗屏障最敏感,所以此参数是本发明测量方法中最受影响的参数之一。声波吸收经过温度补偿并在不同频率下测量。在某些情况下可以使用不同的频率,其中材料声音衰减允许接收具有不同的频率的不同信号。这样,信号可能不需要同步,并且可以周期性地同时测量吸收与频率曲线的多个点。由于每条路径具有不同的飞行时间,因此飞行时间测量可能需要进一步处理。在每个信号路径可以使用不同频率的情况下,可以单独测量飞行时间。
图7是根据本发明第二实施例中用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的方法的流程图200。应当注意的是,本领域技术人员可以理解的,应当将流程图中的任何过程描述或框理解为表示包括实现该过程中特定逻辑功能的一个或多个指令的模块、段、部分或步骤,并且替代实现方式包括在本发明内容的范围内,其中取决于所涉及的功能,可以根据所示出或讨论的顺序不按顺序执行,包括基本上同时或以相反的顺序。
如框202所示,一容器,所述容器在内部空间内容纳一定量的材料,其中一定量的所述材料具有至少两个分段层。第一声音传感器和第二声音传感器定位在容器的侧壁上,其中第一声音传感器沿着侧壁定位在与第二声音传感器不同的高度处(框204)。声音信号从第一声音传感器传输到容器的侧壁中,由此声音信号在侧壁的内表面和侧壁的外表面之间反射(框206)。在第二声音传感器处接收通过侧壁反射的声音信号(框208)。基于接收到的声音信号来确定一定量的所述材料中至少两个分段层之间的边界(框210)。所述方法还可以包括任何数量的附加步骤、过程或功能,包括相对于本发明任何其他附图所讨论或公开的任何步骤、过程或功能。
应当强调的是,本发明的上述实施例,特别是任何“优选”实施例,仅仅是可能的实施例,仅为了清楚地理解本发明的原理而阐述。在实质上不脱离本发明的精神和原理的情况下,可以对本发明的上述实施例进行变化和修改。所有这样的修改和变化旨在包括在本发明和本发明的范围内并且受到所附权利要求的保护。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:
容器,所述容器的内部空间容纳有一定量的材料,其中一定量的所述材料具有至少两个分段层;
第一声音传感器和第二声音传感器,所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器设置在所述容器的侧壁上,其中所述第一声音传感器沿着所述侧壁与第二声音传感器设置在不同的高度;以及
声音信号,所述声音信号从所述第一声音传感器传输到所述容器的所述侧壁中,其中所述声音信号在所述侧壁的内表面和所述侧壁的外表面之间反射,直到在所述第二声音传感器处接收所述声音信号,并且基于所述声音信号,检测一定量所述材料中至少两个所述分段层之间的边界。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,确定至少两个所述分段层中的一个或多个的材料特性。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器中至少一个的高度位置是可调节的。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的装置,其特征在于,还包括与所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器通信连接的至少一个计算装置,通过至少一个所述计算装置确定所述声音信号的飞行时间。
5.根据权利要求1、2、3或4所述的装置,其特征在于,
所述第二声音传感器控制从所述第一声音传感器传输的所述声音信号的相移;
所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器中的至少一个确定所述容器的所述侧壁的厚度;
所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器中的至少一个与所述容器的所述侧壁设置有一角度,其中从所述第一声音传感器传输的信号以非垂直的角度传输到所述侧壁中;或者
沿着所述容器的所述侧壁的切面调节所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器中的至少一个。
6.根据权利要求1、2、3、4或5所述的装置,其特征在于,基于所述声音信号在所述侧壁的所述内表面和所述侧壁的外表面之间的反射计数,检测一定量的所述材料中至少两个所述分段层之间的所述边界,所述侧壁的所述内表面和所述侧壁的所述外表面位于阻抗屏障的上方和下方,所述阻抗屏障形成于一定量的所述材料中至少两个所述分段层之间的所述边界上。
7.一种用于多次反射声音信号材料检测的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
提供容器,所述容器的内部空间内容纳一定量的材料,其中一定量的所述材料具有至少两个分段层;
将第一声音传感器和第二声音传感器设置在所述容器的侧壁上,其中所述第一声音传感器沿着所述侧壁与所述第二声音传感器设置在不同的高度;
将声音信号从所述第一声音传感器传输到所述容器的所述侧壁中,由此所述声音信号在所述侧壁的内表面和所述侧壁的外表面之间反射;
在所述第二声音传感器处接收通过所述侧壁反射的所述声音信号;
基于接收到的所述声音信号确定一定量的所述材料中至少两个所述分段层之间的边界。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括确定至少两个所述分段层中的一个或多个的材料特性。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括调整所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器中至少一个的高度位置。
10.根据权利要求7、8或9所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括与所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器通信连接的至少一个计算装置,以及通过至少一个所述计算装置确定所述声音信号的飞行时间。
11.根据权利要求7、8、9或10所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括通过所述第二声音传感器控制从所述第一声音传感器传输的所述声音信号的相移。
12.根据权利要求7、8、9、10或11所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括利用所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器中的至少一个确定所述容器的所述侧壁的厚度。
13.根据权利要求7、8、9、10、11或12所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括基于所述声音信号在所述侧壁的所述内表面和所述侧壁的外表面之间的反射计数,检测一定量的所述材料中至少两个所述分段层之间的所述边界,所述侧壁的所述内表面和所述侧壁的所述外表面位于阻抗屏障的上方和下方,所述阻抗屏障形成于一定量的所述材料中至少两个所述分段层之间的所述边界上。
14.根据权利要求7、8、9、10、11、12或13所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括以下至少一个:
将所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器中的至少一个设置为与所述容器的所述侧壁有一角度,其中从所述第一声音传感器传输的信号以非垂直的角度传输到所述侧壁中;或者
沿着所述容器的所述侧壁的切面调节所述第一声音传感器和所述第二声音传感器中的至少一个。
15.根据权利要求7、8、9、10、11、12、13或14所述的方法,其特征在于,基于接收到的所述声音信号,确定一定量的所述材料中至少两个所述分段层之间的所述边界还包括根据所述声音信号的反射次数,计算所述声音信号的能量损失,所述声音信号在所述侧壁的所述内表面和所述侧壁的外表面之间反射,所述侧壁的所述内表面和所述侧壁的所述外表面位于所述边界的上方和下方,所述边界位于一定量的所述材料中至少两个所述分段层之间。
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