CN116937499B - Method and device for protecting rotor open-phase unbalance fault of variable speed pumping and accumulating unit - Google Patents
Method and device for protecting rotor open-phase unbalance fault of variable speed pumping and accumulating unit Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/16—Measuring asymmetry of polyphase networks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/54—Testing for continuity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/24—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage
- H02H3/253—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage for multiphase applications, e.g. phase interruption
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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Abstract
The application relates to a protection method and a protection device for rotor open-phase unbalance faults of a variable speed pumping and storage unit. The method comprises the following steps: respectively carrying out Clark conversion on the obtained stator three-phase voltage and stator three-phase current to obtain a stator voltage space vector and a stator current space vector, and then carrying out first rotation conversion treatment on the stator voltage space vector and the stator current space vector to obtain a fundamental frequency component and a full fault component; performing second rotation transformation processing on the full fault component according to the positive and negative rotation signals of the self-generating unit to obtain a first fault characteristic component and a second fault characteristic component; obtaining a fundamental frequency amplitude, a first characteristic amplitude and a second characteristic amplitude based on a self-adaptive Fourier algorithm, and determining a current fault component ratio; and controlling the working state of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit according to the magnitude relation between the current fault component ratio and the protection setting value. Through the steps, whether the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit has a phase failure unbalance fault or not can be detected rapidly and automatically, and the influence of the fault on the power grid and the unit is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of generator relay protection, in particular to a rotor open-phase unbalance fault protection method, a protection device, computer equipment and a computer readable storage medium for a variable speed pumping and storage unit.
Background
The variable-speed pumping and accumulating unit (Variable Speed Pumped Storage Units, VSPSU) is a doubly-fed induction motor adopting alternating-current excitation, and the rotor side of the variable-speed pumping and accumulating unit is led out through an electric brush slip ring device and is connected with a power grid through a multi-stage parallel back-to-back converter. However, the rotor side structure of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit is complex, various faults are easy to occur, and common faults can be classified into short circuit, open circuit and grounding faults. Because the variable speed pumping unit adopts a three-phase alternating current excitation structure, the probability of simultaneous three-phase wire breakage is extremely low (total loss of magnetism), and the phase breakage unbalance faults (including high-resistance faults) caused by poor contact and falling of a single-phase brush slip ring (a rotating device) or a slip ring rotor lead wire, rotor winding open welding and the like are easy to occur. The variable-speed pumping and accumulating unit based on the doubly-fed motor is expensive in equipment and huge in capacity, huge mechanical vibration and electric quantity oscillation can be caused when the variable-speed pumping and accumulating unit generates a phase-failure unbalanced fault, and even accidents of rotating shaft fracture occur, so that the influence of the phase-failure unbalanced fault on a power grid and the unit is not negligible.
In the related art, a manual inspection and regular preventive diagnosis mode is generally adopted to monitor the open-phase unbalance fault of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit, but the method wastes a great deal of manpower and material resources and cannot effectively cope with the sudden open-phase unbalance fault.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide a method, apparatus, computer device, and computer-readable storage medium for protecting a rotor of a variable speed pumping and accumulating unit from a phase failure imbalance fault that can quickly and automatically detect the phase failure imbalance fault.
In a first aspect, the application provides a protection method for rotor open-phase unbalance faults of a variable speed pumping and storage unit. The method comprises the following steps: measuring and acquiring stator three-phase voltage and stator three-phase current of a variable speed pumping and accumulating unit in real time; respectively performing Clark conversion on the stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current to obtain a stator voltage space vector and a stator current space vector; performing first rotation transformation processing on the stator current space vector according to the stator voltage space vector to obtain a fundamental frequency component and a full fault component after stator current separation; determining a self-generating unit positive and negative rotation signal based on a given slip generated in real time by a unit control system; performing second rotation transformation processing on the total fault component according to the self-generated unit positive and negative rotation signals to obtain a first fault characteristic component and a second fault characteristic component which are different in characteristic frequency after separation; respectively calculating the amplitudes of the fundamental frequency component, the first fault characteristic component and the second fault characteristic component based on a self-adaptive Fourier algorithm to respectively obtain a fundamental frequency amplitude, a first characteristic amplitude and a second characteristic amplitude; determining a current fault component ratio according to the fundamental frequency amplitude, the first characteristic amplitude and the second characteristic amplitude; and controlling the working state of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit according to the magnitude relation between the current fault component ratio and the protection setting value.
In one embodiment, the step of performing a first rotation transformation on the stator current space vector according to the stator voltage space vector to obtain a fundamental frequency component and a total fault component after stator current separation includes: performing reverse rotation processing on the stator current space vector based on the unit voltage space conjugate vector to obtain a stator current rotation space vector; wherein the unit voltage space conjugate vector is a unit conjugate vector of the stator voltage space vector; performing mean value filtering processing on the stator current rotation space vector to obtain a first stationary component and a first rotation component; respectively carrying out forward rotation processing on the first static component and the first rotation component based on a unit voltage space vector to obtain the fundamental frequency component and the full fault component; wherein the unit voltage space vector is a unit vector of the stator voltage space vector.
In one embodiment, the self-generating unit positive and negative rotation signal comprises: the step of performing second rotation transformation processing on the total fault component according to the self-generating unit positive and negative rotation signals to obtain a first fault characteristic component and a second fault characteristic component with different separated characteristic frequencies comprises the following steps: performing reverse rotation processing on the total fault component according to the self-generated unit negative rotation signal to obtain a stator current rotation total fault vector; performing mean value filtering processing on the stator current rotation full fault vector to obtain a second stationary component and a second rotating component; and respectively carrying out forward rotation processing on the second static component and the second rotation component based on the self-generating unit forward rotation signal to obtain the first fault characteristic component and the second fault characteristic component.
In one embodiment, the step of determining the current fault component ratio according to the fundamental frequency amplitude, the first characteristic amplitude and the second characteristic amplitude includes: calculating the sum of the square of the first characteristic amplitude and the square of the second characteristic amplitude to obtain a sum value; and calculating the quotient of the arithmetic square root of the sum value and the fundamental frequency amplitude to obtain the current fault component ratio.
In one embodiment, the protection setting value includes: the tripping setting value, the step of controlling the working state of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit according to the magnitude relation between the current fault component ratio and the protection setting value, comprises the following steps: if the current fault component ratio is larger than the tripping setting value, controlling the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit to trip; and if the current fault component ratio is not greater than the tripping setting value, outputting an alarm signal or maintaining the current working state.
In one embodiment, the protection setting value further includes: the step of outputting an alarm signal or maintaining a current working state if the current fault component ratio is not greater than the trip setting value, comprising: if the current fault component ratio is larger than the alarm setting value, outputting the alarm signal; and if the current fault component ratio is not greater than the alarm setting value, maintaining the current working state.
In one embodiment, the frequency of the first fault signature component is the difference between the fundamental frequency and the frequency deviation, and the frequency of the second fault signature component is the sum of the fundamental frequency and the frequency deviation, the frequency deviation being the product of twice the given slip and the fundamental frequency.
In a second aspect, the application also provides a rotor open-phase unbalance fault protection device of the variable speed pumping and storage unit. The device comprises: the parameter measurement module is used for measuring and acquiring stator three-phase voltage and stator three-phase current of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit in real time; the first conversion module is used for respectively carrying out Clark conversion on the stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current to obtain a stator voltage space vector and a stator current space vector; the second transformation module is used for carrying out first rotation transformation processing on the stator current space vector according to the stator voltage space vector to obtain a fundamental frequency component and a full fault component after stator current separation; the signal determining module is used for determining positive and negative rotation signals of the self-generating unit based on a given slip generated by the unit control system in real time; the third transformation module is used for carrying out second rotation transformation processing on the full fault component according to the positive and negative rotation signals of the self-generating unit to obtain a first fault characteristic component and a second fault characteristic component which are different in characteristic frequency after separation; the amplitude calculation module is used for respectively calculating the amplitudes of the fundamental frequency component, the first fault characteristic component and the second fault characteristic component based on the self-adaptive Fourier algorithm to respectively obtain fundamental frequency amplitude, first characteristic amplitude and second characteristic amplitude; the ratio calculating module is used for determining the current fault component ratio according to the fundamental frequency amplitude, the first characteristic amplitude and the second characteristic amplitude; and the unit control module is used for controlling the working state of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit according to the magnitude relation between the current fault component ratio and the protection setting value.
In a third aspect, the present application also provides a computer device. The computer device comprises a memory storing a computer program and a processor implementing the steps of the above method when the processor executes the computer program.
In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above method.
According to the rotor open-phase unbalance fault protection method, the protection device, the computer equipment and the computer readable storage medium of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit, through detecting the stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit and performing corresponding calculation processing on the stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current, the fundamental frequency amplitude, the first characteristic amplitude and the second characteristic amplitude are obtained, then the current fault component ratio is determined according to the obtained amplitude, and the current fault component ratio is compared with the protection setting value to judge whether the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit has the open-phase unbalance fault or not, so that the working state of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit is controlled. Through the steps, whether the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit has a phase failure unbalance fault or not can be detected rapidly and automatically, and the influence on the power grid and the unit is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a fault protection method in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of computing fundamental frequency components and total fault components in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of computing a first fault signature component and a second fault signature component in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an experimental system in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of stator current space vectors, fundamental frequency components, and full fault components in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of a full fault component, a first fault signature component, and a second fault signature component in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of fundamental frequency amplitude, first characteristic amplitude, second characteristic amplitude, and corresponding fault component ratios in one embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a graph of fault component ratio variation at different open-phase resistances in one embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a graph of fault component ratio variation for different given slip ratios in one embodiment;
fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a fault protection device in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
The rotor open-phase unbalance fault protection method for the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit can be applied to microcomputer protection devices. The microcomputer protection device is connected with the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit, and can collect voltage and current when the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit operates and automatically control the operating state of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a protection method for a rotor phase failure unbalance and unbalance of a variable speed pumping and accumulating unit is provided, and the method is applied to a microcomputer protection device for illustration, and comprises the following steps:
and step S110, measuring and acquiring the stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit in real time.
Specifically, the microcomputer protection device can measure and acquire the stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit in real time. Specific examples, u a 、u b And u c For stator three-phase voltage, i a 、i b And i c Is stator three-phase current.
And step S120, respectively performing Clark conversion on the stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current to obtain a stator voltage space vector and a stator current space vector.
Specifically, as the state variables such as voltage and current in the three-phase system are coupled to different degrees, the coupled symmetrical three-phase system can be decoupled into the two-phase system which can be independently controlled through three-phase coordinate transformation, so that the complexity of the design of the controller is reduced. After the microcomputer protection device obtains the stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current, clark transformation (Clarke Transformation) is respectively carried out on the stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current, so that stator voltage space vectors u are respectively obtained s And stator current space vector i s The specific formula is as follows:
wherein u is a 、u b And u c For stator three-phase voltage, i a 、i b And i c U is the stator three-phase current α And u β For stator voltage space vector u s Real and imaginary axis components of (a), i.e. u s ＝u α +ju β ，i α And i β For stator current space vector i s Real and imaginary axis components of (i), i.e s ＝i α +ji β 。
Step S130, performing first rotation transformation processing on the stator current space vector according to the stator voltage space vector to obtain a fundamental frequency component and a full fault component after stator current separation. Specifically, by stator voltage space vector u s For stator current space vector i s After the first rotation conversion treatment, the fundamental frequency component i after stator current separation can be obtained s.BC And a total fault component i s.FC 。
The stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current in the fault-free condition only contain fundamental frequency components, so that the voltage and the current are synchronous with angular frequency omega s Rotation is respectively marked as:
wherein U is s And I s The magnitudes of the fundamental frequency components of the stator voltage and current respectively,and->For the corresponding phase angle. When the rotor phase-failure unbalance fault occurs in the variable speed pumping unit, the stator current contains harmonic components with the frequency of (1+/-2 ks) f (k=1, 2,3 … …) besides the fundamental frequency component, wherein s is the slip, f is the fundamental frequency, and the rotor current frequency is the slip frequency and is defined as sf. Since the first side band (k=1) harmonic component is large, the present application mainly analyzes the band component (1±2s) ·f as a fault component. Therefore, after the rotor phase failure occurs, a fault component with the frequency of (1±2 s) ·f will occur in the stator current, except for the fundamental frequency component itself. The stator current at this time can be noted as:
Wherein,and->For the amplitude of the fault-characteristic component +.>And->Is the corresponding phase angle.
Because the variable speed pumping unit is connected to an infinite system through a step-up transformer, the end voltage is clamped by the infinite system when the rotor phase-failure unbalance fault occurs, and can be regarded as unchanged in a short time, namely u sf ＝u s At this time, the stator voltage space vector u can be passed s For stator current space vector i s Processing calculation is carried out to obtain a fundamental frequency component i after stator current separation s.BC And a total fault component i s.FC 。
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, in step S130, a first rotation transformation process is performed on a stator current space vector according to a stator voltage space vector, so as to obtain a fundamental frequency component and a full fault component after stator current separation, where the step includes:
step S131, performing reverse rotation processing on the stator current space vector based on the unit voltage space conjugate vector to obtain a stator current rotation space vector.
Specifically, the unit voltage space conjugate vector is the unit conjugate vector of the stator voltage space vector, that is, the stator voltage space vector u s The conjugate vector of (2) is unitized, and the space conjugate vector of the unit voltage isBy which to apply a stator current space vector i s Performing reverse rotation treatment to obtain a stator current rotation space vector i s '：
Wherein U is s And I s For the magnitudes of the fundamental frequency components of the stator voltage and current,and->For the corresponding phase angle. />And->The magnitudes of (1+2s). F fault signature and (1-2 s). F fault signature, respectively, +.>And->For the corresponding phase angle omega s Is the stator power frequency (fundamental frequency) angular frequency.
Step S132, performing mean value filtering processing on the stator current rotation space vector to obtain a first stationary component and a first rotation component.
Specifically, the stator current rotation space vector includes two parts, namely a stationary component and a rotation component, which correspond to a fundamental frequency component and a fault characteristic component in a stationary coordinate system respectively, and corresponds to the transformation of the current space vector from the stator (stationary) coordinate system to a synchronous rotation coordinate system. Separating the stationary component and the rotating component in the stator current rotation space vector by means of a mean value filtering process, thereby obtaining a first stationary component i' s.DC And a first rotation component i' s.AC The method comprises the following steps of:
and step S133, respectively carrying out forward rotation processing on the first static component and the first rotation component based on the unit voltage space vector to obtain a fundamental frequency component and a full fault component.
Specifically, the unit voltage space vector is the unit vector of the stator voltage space vector, that is, the stator voltage space vector u s Unitizing, wherein the space vector of unit voltage is u s /U s And due to u sf ＝u s Multiplying the unit voltage space vector by the first stationary component i s ' .DC And a first rotation component i s ' .AC I.e. the current space vector is returned to the original stator coordinate system by a forward rotation process, thus yielding a separated fundamental frequency component i s.BC And a total fault component i s.FC The method comprises the following steps of:
for the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit under normal operation, the stator current only contains fundamental frequency component, and after the conversion, the separated full fault component i s.FC Is 0. The above-mentioned total fault component i s.FC The frequency of the two characteristic signals (1-2 s) f and (1+2s) f are included, however, according to the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the full-circle Fourier algorithm, only integral multiple fundamental frequency can be completely filtered, if one frequency is extracted as the fundamental frequency, the influence of the other frequency is difficult to eliminate in the extraction process, and therefore, the two characteristic frequency signals need to be further extracted through a second rotation transformation process.
And step S140, determining a positive and negative rotation signal of the self-generating unit based on the given slip generated by the unit control system in real time.
In particular, the microcomputer protection device can be obtained from a unit control system of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit in real timeThe slip ratio s is fixed, and the microcomputer protection device is used for generating positive and negative rotation signals of the self-production unit, and it can be understood that the positive and negative rotation signals of the self-production unit comprise: a self-generating unit positive rotation signal and a self-generating unit negative rotation signal. Specific example, in the case of selecting a failure feature component with a frequency of (1.+ -.2 s). F, a unit positive rotation signal is self-produced And self-generating unit negative rotation signalThe method comprises the following steps of:
and step S150, performing second rotation transformation processing on the total fault components according to the positive and negative rotation signals of the self-generating unit to obtain a first fault characteristic component and a second fault characteristic component with different separated characteristic frequencies.
Specifically, after the positive and negative rotation signals of the self-generating unit are obtained, the separated full fault components are subjected to second rotation transformation processing comprising reverse rotation and forward rotation, and then the first fault characteristic components and the second fault characteristic components with different characteristic frequencies can be obtained.
In one embodiment, the self-generated unit positive and negative rotation signal comprises: a self-generating unit positive rotation signal and a self-generating unit negative rotation signal. As shown in fig. 3, in step S150, a step of performing a second rotation transformation process on the total fault component according to the positive and negative rotation signals of the self-generating unit to obtain a first fault feature component and a second fault feature component with different separated feature frequencies, includes:
and step S151, carrying out reverse rotation processing on the total fault component according to the self-generated unit negative rotation signal to obtain a stator current rotation total fault vector.
Specifically, a self-production unit negative rotation signal is obtainedAfter that, for the total fault component i s.FC Reverse rotation processing is carried out to obtain a stator current rotation total fault vector i s ", specifically the following formula:
and step S152, carrying out mean value filtering processing on the stator current rotation full fault vector to obtain a second stationary component and a second rotation component.
Specifically, the stator current rotation total fault vector i is separated through mean value filtering processing s Second stationary component i in s " .DC And a second rotation component i s " .AC The method comprises the following steps of:
and step S153, respectively carrying out forward rotation processing on the second static component and the second rotation component based on the self-generating unit forward rotation signal to obtain a first fault characteristic component and a second fault characteristic component.
Specifically, the acquired positive rotation signal of the self-generating unitRespectively with the second stationary component i s " .DC And a second rotation component i s " .AC Multiplication to perform forward rotation processing to obtain a first separated fault signature component i s.FC1 And a second fault signature component i s.FC2 The method comprises the following steps of:
it will be appreciated that the second fault signature component i s.FC2 In addition to the (1+2s) f fault component, other sideband frequencies (1.+ -.2ks) due to phase failure are also includedF (k=1, 2,3 … …), so that the microcomputer protection device can be further utilized to generate positive and negative rotation signals of different self-generating units, for example, And->And (1+2s) f fault components of the single frequency component are obtained according to the steps.
Step S160, the amplitudes of the fundamental frequency component, the first fault characteristic component and the second fault characteristic component are calculated based on the adaptive Fourier algorithm, and the fundamental frequency amplitude, the first characteristic amplitude and the second characteristic amplitude are obtained.
Specifically, the sampling frequency of the microcomputer protection device to the three-phase voltage and current signals is f s The sampling period is Δt=1/f s . The base frequency component i is calculated by adopting the self-adaptive Fourier algorithm s.BC First fault signature component i s.FC1 And a second fault signature component i s.FC2 To obtain the amplitude I of the fundamental frequency respectively s First characteristic amplitudeAnd a second characteristic amplitude +.>The specific formula is as follows:
wherein N is the sampling of the power frequency periodPoints, n=f s /f, typically set to an integer, N - To sample the number of points, N, of the period with (1-2 s) f as the fundamental frequency - ＝[f s /((1-2s)f)]，N + To the number of periodic sampling points with (1+2s). F as the fundamental frequency, N + ＝[f s /((1+2s)f)]Is influenced by the wide frequency change of the rotor of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit, N - And N + Rounding is required.
Step S170, determining the current fault component ratio according to the fundamental frequency amplitude, the first characteristic amplitude and the second characteristic amplitude. Specifically, the fundamental frequency amplitude I is obtained s First characteristic amplitude And a second characteristic amplitude +.>And then, determining the current fault component ratio, wherein the larger the current fault component ratio is, the more serious the open-phase unbalance fault of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit is.
In one embodiment, in step S170, the step of determining the current fault component ratio according to the fundamental frequency amplitude, the first feature amplitude, and the second feature amplitude includes: calculating a first characteristic amplitude valueSquare of (2) and second characteristic amplitude +.>Sum of squares of (2) to obtain a sum value; the arithmetic square root of the calculated sum and the fundamental frequency amplitude I s The quotient is given as the current fault component ratio D.
Specifically, the current fault component ratio D of the embodiment of the present application is calculated by the following equation:
when the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit is in a normal working state, no fault characteristic component exists, and the current fault component ratio D=0. In practice, because of the influence of manufacturing process, installation errors and the like, the rotor of the variable speed pumping and storage unit has certain asymmetry, and therefore, the current fault component ratio D is a minimum value. When the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit has open-phase unbalance fault, the fault characteristic component becomes larger, so that D also becomes larger obviously. In practice, besides complete phase failure, there are faults such as poor contact of the brush slip ring, and at this time, the unbalance resistance is connected in series in one phase of the rotor, and it is obvious that the greater the unbalance resistance is, the stronger the degree of rotor asymmetry is, and the larger the reflected D value is. The current fault component ratio thus reflects the severity of the fault of the current variable speed pumping unit. In some other embodiments, the current fault component ratio D may be scaled up or down, or multiplied by a certain coefficient, and may reflect the severity of the fault of the current variable speed pumping and accumulating unit.
And step S180, controlling the working state of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit according to the magnitude relation between the current fault component ratio and the protection setting value.
Specifically, the calculation mode of the protection setting value is the same as the calculation mode of the current fault component ratio, one or more thresholds with different sizes can be set for the protection setting value, and the working state of the variable speed pumping and storage unit is controlled by judging the size relation between the current fault component ratio and the protection setting value.
In one embodiment, the protection setting value includes: in step S180, according to the magnitude relation between the current fault component ratio and the protection setting value, the step of controlling the working state of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit includes: if the current fault component ratio is greater than the tripping setting value, controlling the variable-speed pumping and accumulating unit to trip; and if the current fault component ratio is not greater than the tripping setting value, outputting an alarm signal or maintaining the current working state.
Specifically, the protection setting value in the embodiment of the application is provided with a tripping setting value, and when the current fault component ratio is larger than the tripping setting value, the open-phase unbalance fault degree of the variable speed pumping and storage unit is severe, mechanical vibration and electric quantity oscillation can be generated when the variable speed pumping and storage unit is operated again, even the rotating shaft is broken, and at the moment, the tripping of the variable speed pumping and storage unit is immediately controlled. Under the condition that the current fault component ratio is not greater than the tripping setting value, the open-phase unbalance fault degree of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit is light, and at the moment, an alarm signal can be output to remind maintenance personnel or keep maintaining the current working state.
In one embodiment, the protection setting value further comprises: and a step of outputting an alarm signal or maintaining a current working state if the current fault component ratio is not greater than the trip setting value, comprising: if the current fault component ratio is greater than the alarm setting value, outputting an alarm signal; and if the current fault component ratio is not greater than the alarm setting value, maintaining the current working state.
Specifically, the protection setting value in the embodiment of the application is further provided with an alarm setting value, and the alarm setting value is smaller than the tripping setting value. Under the condition that the current fault component ratio is not greater than the tripping setting value and is greater than the alarm setting value, the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit has some unbalanced faults, and at the moment, the microcomputer protection device can output an alarm signal to prompt maintenance personnel to overhaul. And under the condition that the current fault component ratio is not greater than the alarm setting value, the condition that the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit has no open-phase unbalance fault is indicated, and the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit is controlled to maintain the current working state and continue to operate.
Specific examples are that the alarm setting value and the trip setting value may be sized according to the maximum fault component ratio D under normal operating conditions normal_max Multiplying by a reliability factor greater than 1 yields, for example:
D Alarm_set ＝K I ·D normal_max ，D Trip_set ＝K II ·D normal_max
wherein D is Alarm_set And D Trip_set Respectively alarm setting value and trip setting value, K I K is the alarm reliability coefficient II Is a trip reliability coefficient, and K II Greater than K I . The reliability coefficient is generally selected with a certain margin to ensure the protection reliability, and can be set according to the actual engineering requirement.
In one embodimentThe frequency of the first fault characteristic component is the difference between the fundamental frequency and the frequency deviation, the frequency of the second fault characteristic component is the sum of the fundamental frequency and the frequency deviation, and the frequency deviation is the product of the given slip and the fundamental frequency which is twice. Specifically, a first fault signature component i of an embodiment of the present application s.FC1 Is f-2sf, a second fault signature component i s.FC2 The frequency of (2) is f+2sf, and the fault characteristic component of the single frequency component is obtained through a frequency separation step. In some other embodiments, the calculation may also be performed with a mixture of other frequency fault components.
The method for protecting the rotor open-phase unbalance fault of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit is described in detail in the following by using a specific embodiment. Taking a variable-speed pumping and accumulating experimental unit as an example, the experimental platform consists of a unit primary system (comprising a variable-speed pumping and accumulating unit, a direct-current motor, a transformer, a grid-connected switch, a phase-change switch and the like), an alternating-current excitation system, a direct-current speed regulation system, a fault control system, a microcomputer protection and filtering system and connecting cables between the five parts. In the experimental system, a rotating shaft of a direct current motor is connected with a rotating shaft of a variable speed pumping and accumulating unit, and power is simulated by driving a rotor of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit to rotate. The variable-speed pumping and accumulating unit is excited by two groups of neutral point clamped three-level back-to-back converters which are connected in parallel, and the whole system structure is shown in figure 4. The main parameters of the experimental system are shown in the following table:
In order to simulate the open-phase unbalance fault of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit, a sliding rheostat is connected in series with the rotor A phase, and meanwhile, two ends of the sliding rheostat are connected in parallel with a switch to control the fault to occur and be removed. In order to ensure experiment safety, the parallel switch adopts a solid state relay SSR, a control loop of the solid state relay SSR is powered by a 24V direct current power supply, and the on-off of the SSR is controlled by an air switch K. When the air switch K is closed, the control channel is electrified, the SSR is conducted, otherwise, the air switch K is opened, and the SSR is turned off. The specific experimental method is as follows: before a fault occurs, the unbalanced resistor Rp is set to be a target value in an initial state, the air switch K is closed, the SSR is conducted, and the unbalanced resistor Rp is short-circuited at the moment, namely the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit is in a normal running state. In the fault, the air switch K is turned off at a certain moment, and the SSR is turned off, namely the unbalanced resistor Rp is led into a fault phase. After the fault, the air switch K is closed, the SSR is conducted again, namely the unbalanced resistor Rp is shorted again, and the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit is restored to a normal running state. The variable speed pumping and accumulating unit operates at 10% slip and has unbalanced resistance Rp of 20Ω.
When the experimental unit operates normally, the maximum fault component ratio D under different operating conditions normal_max Has a value of 0.08. If the alarm reliability coefficient K I The value is 1.5, and the tripping reliability coefficient K II The value is 3, and the alarm setting value D Alarm_set And trip setting value D Trip_set The method comprises the following steps of:
D Alarm_set ＝K I ·D normal_max ＝0.08×1.5＝0.12
D Trip_set ＝K II ·D normal_max ＝0.08×3＝0.24
the stator voltage space vector u is obtained by carrying out Clark conversion on the obtained stator three-phase voltage and stator three-phase current s And stator current space vector i s Then, carrying out first rotation transformation processing on the stator current space vector according to the stator voltage space vector to obtain a fundamental frequency component i after stator current separation s.BC And a total fault component i s.FC As shown in fig. 5, is a stator current space vector i s Fundamental frequency component i s.BC And a total fault component i s.FC Is a waveform schematic diagram of (a). Then, determining positive and negative rotation signals of the self-generating unit based on the given slip s, wherein the given slip s is always kept to be 0.1, and the power frequency f N 50Hz, stator power frequency angle frequency omega s =2pi= 314.159rad/s. For the total fault component i according to the positive and negative rotation signals of the self-generating unit s.FC Performing a second rotation transformation to obtain a characteristic frequency (1-2 s) f after separation N Is the first fault characteristic component i of (1) s.FC1 And a characteristic frequency of (1+2s) f N Second fault signature component i s.FC2 As shown in fig. 6, is a full fault component i s.FC First fault signature component i s.FC1 And a second fault signature component i s.FC2 Is a waveform diagram of (a). Finally, calculating the base frequency amplitude I based on the self-adaptive Fourier algorithm s First characteristic amplitudeAnd a second characteristic amplitude +.>The waveform is shown in fig. 7. Finally, the current fault component ratio D (see fig. 7) is calculated in real time according to the magnitude, and the maximum value of the current fault component ratio D after the fault in the embodiment reaches 0.653, which is greater than the trip section fixed value D Trip_set =0.24, thus determining that the variable speed pumping unit has a serious fault, controlling the variable speed pumping unit to trip immediately. Meanwhile, as can be obtained from fig. 7, the time for the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit to reach the tripping setting value after the fault is about 40ms, and the tripping action speed is relatively high.
The fault component ratio change curves of the experimental unit under different phase-failure resistances are shown in fig. 8, wherein the given slip is unified to be 5%, D is an extremely small value before the fault, and D is rapidly increased after the fault and reaches the protection action condition. Meanwhile, as the resistance value of the open-phase resistor increases, the amplitude of D in the fault also increases. Fig. 9 shows experimental results at different given slip ratios, wherein the resistance value of the phase interruption resistor is unified to be 20 ohms, and it can be seen that D has a significant change when the phase interruption fault occurs at different given slip ratios. In the fault experiment, the fault component ratio D under different phase-failure resistances and given slip can reliably reflect the phase-failure unbalance faults of the rotor, and meanwhile, the protection action time under various conditions is between 40ms and 55ms and does not exceed 3 power frequency periods, so that the rotor phase-failure unbalance fault protection method of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit has higher sensitivity and action speed and can meet the requirements of relay protection.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts related to the embodiments described above are sequentially shown as indicated by arrows, these steps are not necessarily sequentially performed in the order indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts described in the above embodiments may include a plurality of steps or a plurality of stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of the steps or stages is not necessarily performed sequentially, but may be performed alternately or alternately with at least some of the other steps or stages.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a fault protection device for realizing the above related rotor open-phase unbalance fault protection method of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit. The implementation of the solution provided by the device is similar to the implementation described in the above method, so the specific limitation in one or more embodiments of the fault protection device provided below may be referred to the limitation of the fault protection method hereinabove, and will not be repeated herein.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, there is provided a rotor phase failure unbalance fault protection device of a variable speed pumping and accumulating unit, comprising: a parameter measurement module 210, a first transformation module 220, a second transformation module 230, a signal determination module 240, a third transformation module 250, an amplitude calculation module 260, a ratio calculation module 270, and a crew control module 280, wherein: the parameter measurement module 210 is configured to measure and obtain a stator three-phase voltage and a stator three-phase current of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit in real time; the first transformation module 220 is configured to perform clark transformation on the stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current respectively, so as to obtain a stator voltage space vector and a stator current space vector; the second transformation module 230 is configured to perform a first rotation transformation process on the stator current space vector according to the stator voltage space vector, so as to obtain a fundamental frequency component and a full fault component after the stator current is separated; a signal determining module 240, configured to determine a positive and negative rotation signal of the self-generating unit based on a given slip generated in real time by the unit control system; the third transformation module 250 is configured to perform a second rotation transformation process on the total fault component according to the positive and negative rotation signals of the self-generating unit, so as to obtain a first fault feature component and a second fault feature component with different separated feature frequencies; the amplitude calculating module 260 is configured to calculate amplitudes of the fundamental frequency component, the first fault feature component, and the second fault feature component based on the adaptive fourier algorithm, to obtain a fundamental frequency amplitude, a first feature amplitude, and a second feature amplitude, respectively; a ratio calculation module 270, configured to determine a current fault component ratio according to the fundamental frequency amplitude, the first characteristic amplitude, and the second characteristic amplitude; and the unit control module 280 is used for controlling the working state of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit according to the magnitude relation between the current fault component ratio and the protection setting value.
The various modules in the fault protection devices described above may be implemented in whole or in part in software, hardware, and combinations thereof. The above modules may be embedded in hardware or may be independent of a processor in the computer device, or may be stored in software in a memory in the computer device, so that the processor may call and execute operations corresponding to the above modules.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program, the processor implementing the steps of the method embodiments described above when the computer program is executed.
In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which processor implements the steps of the method embodiments described above when executing the computer program.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above described methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which when executed, may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, database, or other medium used in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. The nonvolatile Memory may include Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash Memory, optical Memory, high density embedded nonvolatile Memory, resistive random access Memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access Memory (Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory, MRAM), ferroelectric Memory (Ferroelectric Random Access Memory, FRAM), phase change Memory (Phase Change Memory, PCM), graphene Memory, and the like. Volatile memory can include random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or external cache memory, and the like. By way of illustration, and not limitation, RAM can be in the form of a variety of forms, such as static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM), and the like. The databases referred to in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of relational databases and non-relational databases. The non-relational database may include, but is not limited to, a blockchain-based distributed database, and the like. The processors referred to in the embodiments provided herein may be general purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processors, digital signal processors, programmable logic units, quantum computing-based data processing logic units, etc., without being limited thereto.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples only represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The method for protecting the rotor open-phase unbalance fault of the variable speed pumping and storage unit is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
measuring and acquiring stator three-phase voltage and stator three-phase current of a variable speed pumping and accumulating unit in real time;
respectively performing Clark conversion on the stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current to obtain a stator voltage space vector and a stator current space vector;
Performing first rotation transformation processing on the stator current space vector according to the stator voltage space vector to obtain a fundamental frequency component and a full fault component after stator current separation;
determining a self-generating unit positive and negative rotation signal based on a given slip generated in real time by a unit control system;
performing second rotation transformation processing on the total fault component according to the self-generated unit positive and negative rotation signals to obtain a first fault characteristic component and a second fault characteristic component which are different in characteristic frequency after separation;
respectively calculating the amplitudes of the fundamental frequency component, the first fault characteristic component and the second fault characteristic component based on a self-adaptive Fourier algorithm to respectively obtain a fundamental frequency amplitude, a first characteristic amplitude and a second characteristic amplitude;
calculating the sum of the square of the first characteristic amplitude and the square of the second characteristic amplitude to obtain a sum value; calculating the quotient of the arithmetic square root of the sum and the fundamental frequency amplitude to obtain the current fault component ratio;
and controlling the working state of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit according to the magnitude relation between the current fault component ratio and the protection setting value.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of performing a first rotation transformation on the stator current space vector according to the stator voltage space vector to obtain a fundamental frequency component and a total fault component after stator current separation comprises:
Performing reverse rotation processing on the stator current space vector based on the unit voltage space conjugate vector to obtain a stator current rotation space vector; wherein the unit voltage space conjugate vector is a unit conjugate vector of the stator voltage space vector;
performing mean value filtering processing on the stator current rotation space vector to obtain a first stationary component and a first rotation component;
respectively carrying out forward rotation processing on the first static component and the first rotation component based on a unit voltage space vector to obtain the fundamental frequency component and the full fault component; wherein the unit voltage space vector is a unit vector of the stator voltage space vector.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the self-generated unit positive and negative rotation signal comprises: the step of performing second rotation transformation processing on the total fault component according to the self-generating unit positive and negative rotation signals to obtain a first fault characteristic component and a second fault characteristic component with different separated characteristic frequencies comprises the following steps:
performing reverse rotation processing on the total fault component according to the self-generated unit negative rotation signal to obtain a stator current rotation total fault vector;
Performing mean value filtering processing on the stator current rotation full fault vector to obtain a second stationary component and a second rotating component;
and respectively carrying out forward rotation processing on the second static component and the second rotation component based on the self-generating unit forward rotation signal to obtain the first fault characteristic component and the second fault characteristic component.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the protection setting value comprises: the tripping setting value, the step of controlling the working state of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit according to the magnitude relation between the current fault component ratio and the protection setting value, comprises the following steps:
if the current fault component ratio is larger than the tripping setting value, controlling the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit to trip;
and if the current fault component ratio is not greater than the tripping setting value, outputting an alarm signal or maintaining the current working state.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the protection setting value further comprises: the step of outputting an alarm signal or maintaining a current working state if the current fault component ratio is not greater than the trip setting value, comprising:
If the current fault component ratio is larger than the alarm setting value, outputting the alarm signal;
and if the current fault component ratio is not greater than the alarm setting value, maintaining the current working state.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the frequency of the first fault signature component is a difference between a fundamental frequency and a frequency deviation, and the frequency of the second fault signature component is a sum of the fundamental frequency and the frequency deviation, the frequency deviation being a product of the given slip and the fundamental frequency that is twice.
7. A device for protecting a rotor open-phase imbalance fault of a variable speed pumping and storage unit, the device comprising:
the parameter measurement module is used for measuring and acquiring stator three-phase voltage and stator three-phase current of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit in real time;
the first conversion module is used for respectively carrying out Clark conversion on the stator three-phase voltage and the stator three-phase current to obtain a stator voltage space vector and a stator current space vector;
the second transformation module is used for carrying out first rotation transformation processing on the stator current space vector according to the stator voltage space vector to obtain a fundamental frequency component and a full fault component after stator current separation;
The signal determining module is used for determining positive and negative rotation signals of the self-generating unit based on a given slip generated by the unit control system in real time;
the third transformation module is used for carrying out second rotation transformation processing on the full fault component according to the positive and negative rotation signals of the self-generating unit to obtain a first fault characteristic component and a second fault characteristic component which are different in characteristic frequency after separation;
the amplitude calculation module is used for respectively calculating the amplitudes of the fundamental frequency component, the first fault characteristic component and the second fault characteristic component based on the self-adaptive Fourier algorithm to respectively obtain fundamental frequency amplitude, first characteristic amplitude and second characteristic amplitude;
the ratio calculating module is used for calculating the sum of the square of the first characteristic amplitude and the square of the second characteristic amplitude to obtain a sum value; calculating the quotient of the arithmetic square root of the sum and the fundamental frequency amplitude to obtain the current fault component ratio;
and the unit control module is used for controlling the working state of the variable speed pumping and accumulating unit according to the magnitude relation between the current fault component ratio and the protection setting value.
8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 6 when the computer program is executed.
9. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 6.
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