CN1169332C - Method for selecting transmission protocol based on client terminal feedback - Google Patents
Method for selecting transmission protocol based on client terminal feedback Download PDFInfo
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- CN1169332C CN1169332C CNB021292574A CN02129257A CN1169332C CN 1169332 C CN1169332 C CN 1169332C CN B021292574 A CNB021292574 A CN B021292574A CN 02129257 A CN02129257 A CN 02129257A CN 1169332 C CN1169332 C CN 1169332C
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the technical field of computer multimedia, which relates to a method for selecting a transmission protocol based on client terminal feedback. The present invention comprises the following procedures that a client terminal presets three playing methods: compulsory TCP, default UDP and protocol consultation. When a client selects the compulsory TCP, the client terminal and a server are not tested, and the server directly takes the TCP as the transmission protocol to send out video data packets. When the client selects the default UDP, the client terminal and a server are not tested, and the server directly takes the UDP as the transmission protocol to send out the video data packets. When the client selects the protocol consultation, the client terminal and the server require testing, and the server and the client terminal consulate consult to select an appropriate transmission protocol according to the test result and send out the video data packets. By the method of the present invention, the client terminal can select a playing protocol suitable for self to obtain the best watching effect according to the actual available bandwidth of the network.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of computer multimedia, particularly stream media technology and Play Control agreement.
Background technology
In the past, the most of data that transmit on the network were text data.Today, along with the raising of multimedia and network technology, multimedia becomes feature indispensable on the Internet.Present multi-medium data issuing on network mainly taked the form of Streaming Media.Streaming Media is meant the continuous time-base media that uses the stream transmission technology on the internet, as: audio frequency, video or multimedia file.Streaming video is not downloaded whole file before broadcast, only will begin part and deposit internal memory in, and the data flow of streaming video transmits at any time at any time and plays, and some delays are just arranged at the beginning the time.
The major control agreement that multimedia is used in real time on the network is RTSP (real-time streaming protocol) at present, and it is a client server multimedia programming agreement, can control the transmission of streaming multi-medium data on IP network.It is provided for the remote control function of audio and video stream, for example: play, stop, F.F., rewind down and location.Data source comprises live data and storage segment.RTSP (real-time streaming protocol) is an application layer protocol, and being used for provides a whole set of fluidisation service based on the Internet with such as the agreement of low layer more such as RTP (RTP), RSVP (RSVP).It can select sendaisle, for example: UDP (User Datagram Protoco (UDP)), multicast UDP and TCP (transmission control protocol) and based on the transmit mechanism of RTP (RTP).It can serve many clients multicast and single spectators' program request.
The basic procedure of RTSP (real-time streaming protocol) work is as shown in Figure 1:
Client is to media server A (audio.example.com) and film of V (video.example.com) request.Media description is stored on the web page server.Media description comprises program description and its whole streams, comprises available coded message, dynamic RTP loadtype, protocol stack and content information, for example language and copyright restrictions.It can provide the time of film equally.
Concrete steps are as follows:
1. send the media information request of obtaining to web page server;
2. web page server returns corresponding media information
3. send the establishment conversation request to audio server
4. audio server returns the corresponding information of creating session
5. send the establishment conversation request to video server
6. video server returns the corresponding information of creating session
7. send playing request to video server
8. video server is created the session success
9. send playing request to audio server
10. audio server is created the session success
11. send the destruction conversation request to audio server
12. audio server is destroyed the session success
13. send the destruction conversation request to video server
14. video server is destroyed the session success
As mentioned above, during present real-time multimedia is used, the general RTSP agreement of selecting based on TCP of control protocol, and host-host protocol, the then general Real-time Transport Protocol of selecting based on UDP.But UDP is unreliable host-host protocol, promptly under certain condition of unknown, the situation of data-bag lost will occur.Losing of packet must cause client decoding and broadcast vacancy to occur, in client, will make the part screen mosaic occur.Because this packet loss is because the intrinsic propesties of UDP determines, therefore in this case, can't guarantee the viewing quality of client.Use Transmission Control Protocol then can avoid this situation fully, when in transmission course, losing of certain packet appears, the packet loss retransmission mechanism that TCP carries, also can loopback NACK message give server, make server issue this packet once more, can both arrive client to guarantee each packet, thereby guarantee the viewing quality of client.
Though use Transmission Control Protocol to be far superior to udp protocol on transmission reliability, TCP compares UDP, need take the bigger network bandwidth, expend more Internet resources, simultaneously, its packet loss retransmission mechanism might aggravate the network congestion situation, finally causes the collapse of network.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, on existing RTSP agreement (real-time streaming protocol) basis, a kind of method for selecting transmission protocol based on client feedback is proposed, client can be according to the network actual available bandwidth of oneself, select to be fit to the broadcast agreement of oneself, obtain best viewing effect.
The present invention proposes a kind of method for selecting transmission protocol based on client feedback, may further comprise the steps:
1) client sets in advance three kinds of broadcast modes: force TCP, acquiescence UDP and protocol negotiation;
2) when customer selecting was forced TCP, without test, server directly taked TCP as host-host protocol, issues video packets of data between client and the server;
3) when customer selecting acquiescence UDP, without test, server directly takes UDP as host-host protocol, issues video packets of data between client and the server;
4) when the customer selecting protocol negotiation, need between client and the server through test, according to test result, consult by server and client, select suitable host-host protocol, issue video packets of data.
The pressure TCP of setting of the present invention, acquiescence UDP dual mode all adopt existing conventional method to realize, no longer repeat at this.
The protocol negotiation method that the present invention is provided with can may further comprise the steps:
(1) after client is selected the broadcast mode of protocol negotiation, and to server transmission test request;
(2) after the order of receiving the client test, server is opened a test packet and is issued test;
(3) client is added up test result, and sends feedback information to server;
(4) server is selected corresponding host-host protocol according to the feedback information of client, and selection result is sent to client;
(5) client and server is according to the host-host protocol of selection result, configuring network interface information;
(6) between the client according to standard real time streaming protocol (rtsp) agreement, send order request to server;
(7) server is according to the host-host protocol of selection result, pronunciation, video packets of data under client.
The present invention is on the basis of RTSP, for it expands two new orders:
Test (TEST): be used for the test job before host-host protocol is selected, mail to server by client;
Feedback (ECHO): be used for client passback feedback information, mail to server by client.
The of the present invention the 2nd) method of testing between server and the client in the step, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) user end to server sends test request;
(2) receive the client test request after, the small-scale packet that server will be used to test is issued to client by certain data length in batches;
(3) after test packet all sent and finishes, test was finished;
The said test packet main contents of the present invention can be divided into three parts: sequence number, file data and packet size; Wherein, sequence number is the main sign of test packet, increases along with the number-of-packet purpose increases constantly; File data reads certain byte wherein from certain test file at every turn, does not have special implication; Except last packet, packet size basically identical, the actual size of secondary data bag for this reason.
Said test issues every batch data length of test packet should be less than maximum transmission unit but (as 1500 bytes), said speed and the video file code check roughly quite (as 100～1000 kilobytes/second) of issuing.
The of the present invention the 4th) step specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) issue in the process at test file, the zero-time and the concluding time of client records test, and add up after receiving the sequence number of test packet;
2) when test file send finish after, client can calculate the current network actual available bandwidth according to time difference and the data volume of receiving, returns to server with the form of actual speed rate.
The of the present invention the 4th) the step server specifically may further comprise the steps for the selection of host-host protocol:
(1) client sends the network actual available bandwidth that test draws;
(2) server then according to the network actual available bandwidth of client statistics, is determined host-host protocol, when network actual available bandwidth greater than certain threshold value the time, thinks that promptly network condition is good that is:, can adopt the TCP mode to carry out transfer of data.If the network actual available bandwidth is lower than this threshold value, think that then current network condition does not satisfy TCP and transmits required condition, server will take the UDP mode to issue video file;
(3) after server is determined host-host protocol, can be with the selection result of host-host protocol, the form with RTSP message sends to client;
(4) client and server will be according to the host-host protocol of consult determining, and standard RTSP protocol specification, the order program service of opening movie file.
Characteristics of the present invention:
The present invention adopts different host-host protocols under different network conditions.That is: when network condition was good, server can issue packet based on the RTP of TCP, and the transmission of reliability obtains maximization with the enjoyment that makes client; When network condition does not reach the required condition of TCP, server will adopt traditional RTP based on UDP to issue packet, avoid the bigger of the network bandwidth taken, and cause the congested of network and collapse.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. when making that client obtains bigger independence, guaranteed best viewing effect.
2. can adopt different host-host protocols according to the different situations of network, improve utilization rate of network resource, increase the Payload of network.
3. be not limited to a kind of network transmission protocol, improved the intellectuality and the adaptivity of network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is RTSP agreement (real-time streaming protocol) workflow diagram of standard;
Fig. 2 is a method overview flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a protocol negotiation mode specific embodiment flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the file test mode embodiment flow chart between server of the present invention and the client;
Fig. 5 selects the embodiment flow chart for host-host protocol of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of method for selecting transmission protocol based on client feedback that the present invention proposes reaches specific embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and is described in detail as follows:
The inventive method overall plan may further comprise the steps as shown in Figure 2:
1) sets in advance three kinds of broadcast modes: force TCP, acquiescence UDP and protocol negotiation;
When 2) customer selecting was forced TCP, without test, server directly taked TCP as host-host protocol, issues video packets of data between client and the server;
3) when customer selecting acquiescence UDP, without test, server directly takes UDP as host-host protocol, issues video packets of data between client and the server;
4) when the customer selecting protocol negotiation, need between client and the server through test, according to test result, consult by server and client, select suitable host-host protocol, issue video packets of data.
The specific implementation method of the inventive method is respectively described below:
The pressure TCP of setting of the present invention, acquiescence UDP dual mode all adopt existing conventional method to realize, no longer repeat at this.
The protocol negotiation mode of setting of the present invention is main contents of the present invention.The specific embodiment of protocol negotiation mode may further comprise the steps as shown in Figure 3:
(1) after client is selected the broadcast mode of protocol negotiation, and to server transmission test request;
(2) after the order of receiving the client test, server is opened a test packet and is issued test;
(3) client is added up test result, and sends feedback information to server;
(4) server is selected corresponding host-host protocol according to the feedback information of client, and selection result is sent to client;
(5) client and server is according to the host-host protocol of selection result, configuring network interface information;
(6) between the client according to standard RTSP agreement, send order request to server;
(7) server is according to the host-host protocol of selection result, pronunciation, video packets of data under client.
Present embodiment is on the basis of RTSP (real-time streaming protocol), for it expands two new orders:
Test (TEST): be used for the test job before host-host protocol is selected, mail to server by client;
Feedback (ECHO): be used for client passback feedback information, mail to server by client.
Present embodiment the 2nd) file test mode in the step between server and the client as shown in Figure 4, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) user end to server sends test request;
(2) receive the client test request after, the small-scale packet that server will be used to test is issued to client by certain data length in batches;
(3) after test packet all sent and finishes, test was finished.
The test packet main contents of present embodiment are divided into three parts: sequence number, file data and packet size.
Sequence number is the main sign of test packet, increases along with the number-of-packet purpose increases constantly; File data reads 1000 bytes wherein from certain test file at every turn, does not have special implication; Except last packet, packet size basically identical, the actual size of secondary data bag for this reason.
Above-mentioned test issues every batch data length of test packet should be less than maximum transmission unit but (1500 byte), present embodiment issue speed and video file code check roughly quite (100～1000 kilobytes/second).
Present embodiment the 3rd) step specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) issue in the process at test file, the zero-time and the concluding time of client records test, and add up after receiving the sequence number of test packet;
2) when test file send finish after, client can calculate the current network actual available bandwidth according to time difference and the data volume of receiving, returns to server with the form of actual speed rate.
Present embodiment the 4th) the step server is for the selection of host-host protocol, specifically may further comprise the steps as shown in Figure 5:
(1) client sends the network actual available bandwidth that test draws;
(2) server is then according to the network actual available bandwidth of client statistics, determine host-host protocol, that is: when network actual available bandwidth the time, think that promptly network condition is good, can adopt the TCP mode to carry out transfer of data greater than certain threshold value (present embodiment adopts 800 kilobytes/second).If the network actual available bandwidth is lower than this threshold value, think that then current network condition does not satisfy TCP and transmits required condition, server will take the UDP mode to issue video file;
(3) after server is determined host-host protocol, can be with the selection result of host-host protocol, the form with RTSP message sends to client;
(4) client and server will be according to the host-host protocol of consult determining, and standard RTSP protocol specification, the order program service of opening movie file.
The server configuration that present case is implemented:
CPU：Intel?PIII?1GHz
Internal memory: 128M
Operating system: RedHat 7.1 Linux Server
Streaming media server: LSMP Streaming Server
Client configuration:
CPU：Intel?PIII?800MHz
Internal memory: 128M
Operating system: Windows 2000 Professional
Player: LSMP Media Player
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method for selecting transmission protocol based on client feedback is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) client sets in advance three kinds of broadcast modes: force TCP, acquiescence UDP and protocol negotiation;
2) when customer selecting was forced TCP, without test, server directly taked TCP as host-host protocol, issues video packets of data between client and the server;
3) when customer selecting acquiescence UDP, without test, server directly takes UDP as host-host protocol, issues video packets of data between client and the server;
4) when the customer selecting protocol negotiation, need between client and the server through test, according to test result, consult by server and client, select suitable host-host protocol, issue video packets of data.
2, a kind of method for selecting transmission protocol based on client feedback as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the said the 4th) step protocol negotiation method, may further comprise the steps:
(1) after client is selected the broadcast mode of protocol negotiation, and to server transmission test request;
(2) after the order of receiving the client test, server is opened a test packet and is issued test;
(3) client is added up test result, and sends feedback information to server;
(4) server is selected corresponding host-host protocol according to the feedback information of client, and selection result is sent to client;
(5) client and server is according to the host-host protocol of selection result, configuring network interface information;
(6) between the client according to real-time streaming protocol, send order request to server;
(7) server is according to the host-host protocol of selection result, pronunciation, video packets of data under client.
3, a kind of method for selecting transmission protocol based on client feedback as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, on the basis of the real-time streaming protocol of standard, is that it expands two new orders in said (6) step:
Test: be used for the test job before host-host protocol is selected, mail to server by client;
Feedback: be used for client passback feedback information, mail to server by client.
4, a kind of method for selecting transmission protocol based on client feedback as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the said the 2nd) method of testing in the step between server and the client, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) user end to server sends test request;
(2) receive the client test request after, the small-scale packet that server will be used to test is issued to client by certain data length in batches;
(3) after test packet all sent and finishes, test was finished.
5, a kind of method for selecting transmission protocol as claimed in claim 4 based on client feedback, it is characterized in that, but said test issues every batch data length of test packet should be less than the maximum transmission unit, saidly issues speed and the video file code check is roughly suitable.
6, a kind of method for selecting transmission protocol based on client feedback as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, said test packet main contents are divided into three parts: sequence number, file data and packet size.
7, a kind of method for selecting transmission protocol based on client feedback as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the said the 4th) step in test specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1) issue in the process at test file, the zero-time and the concluding time of client records test, and add up after receiving the sequence number of test packet;
(2) when test file send finish after, client can calculate the current network actual available bandwidth according to time difference and the data volume of receiving, returns to server with the form of actual speed rate.
8, a kind of method for selecting transmission protocol based on client feedback as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the said the 4th) the step server specifically may further comprise the steps for the selection of host-host protocol:
(1) client sends the network actual available bandwidth that test draws;
(2) server then according to the network actual available bandwidth of client statistics, is determined host-host protocol, when network actual available bandwidth greater than certain threshold value the time, thinks that promptly network condition is good that is:, can adopt the TCP mode to carry out transfer of data.If the network actual available bandwidth is lower than this threshold value, think that then current network condition does not satisfy TCP and transmits required condition, server will take the UDP mode to issue video file;
(3) after server is determined host-host protocol, can be with the selection result of host-host protocol, the form with RTSP message sends to client;
(4) client and server will be according to the host-host protocol of consult determining, and standard RTSP protocol specification, the order program service of opening movie file.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021292574A CN1169332C (en) | 2002-09-29 | 2002-09-29 | Method for selecting transmission protocol based on client terminal feedback |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021292574A CN1169332C (en) | 2002-09-29 | 2002-09-29 | Method for selecting transmission protocol based on client terminal feedback |
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| CN1402494A CN1402494A (en) | 2003-03-12 |
| CN1169332C true CN1169332C (en) | 2004-09-29 |
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| CNB021292574A Expired - Fee Related CN1169332C (en) | 2002-09-29 | 2002-09-29 | Method for selecting transmission protocol based on client terminal feedback |
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Families Citing this family (24)
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| US7529824B2 (en) | 2003-10-14 | 2009-05-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method for selecting a service binding protocol in a service-oriented architecture |
| KR100596945B1 (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2006-07-04 | (주)씨앤에스 테크놀로지 | IP video phone controlling video transfer/receiver bandwidth and video quality and method for controlling as the same |
| US7720983B2 (en) * | 2004-05-03 | 2010-05-18 | Microsoft Corporation | Fast startup for streaming media |
| US20060262729A1 (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2006-11-23 | Chau Man Chun S | Method and system for testing communication protocols in network communication |
| JP4825270B2 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2011-11-30 | インテル・コーポレーション | Network protocol option optimization through reinforcement learning and propagation |
| FR2919778A1 (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2009-02-06 | Canon Kk | METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING DATA PACKETS IN A TUNNEL, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT, CORRESPONDING STORAGE MEDIUM AND TUNNEL HEAD |
| JP5123681B2 (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2013-01-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | Video display device and control method thereof, and video output device and control method thereof |
| CN101834879B (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2012-12-26 | 北京中科大洋科技发展股份有限公司 | Intelligent efficient video/audio data transmission method adapted to different network environments |
| CN102158901B (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2014-01-08 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method for performing terminal operation configuration at network side and network side device |
| CN102791045B (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2017-03-29 | 希姆通信息技术（上海）有限公司 | Mobile communication terminal and its automatically method of preferred host-host protocol |
| CN102904907B (en) * | 2011-07-24 | 2016-06-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of media file transmission method and device |
| CN103078831A (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2013-05-01 | 新太科技股份有限公司 | Self-adaption method on basis of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) transmission supported by streaming media |
| CN103618704A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-03-05 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | Method for communication between interface client side and server |
| CN105991625B (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2020-11-06 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Method and equipment for data transmission |
| CN105992242B (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2019-07-26 | 电信科学技术研究院 | A kind of configuration method, data transmission method and the equipment of air protocol stack |
| CN106612284B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2020-02-04 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Streaming data transmission method and device |
| CN109309647B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2021-07-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Transmission protocol negotiation method, device and system |
| CN110138708A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2019-08-16 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus of determining communication mode |
| CN108650232A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-10-12 | 上海扩博智能技术有限公司 | Unmanned plane media data real-time transmission system and method |
| CN112911006A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-04 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Embedded platform file loading method based on TCP |
| CN113259365B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-10-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十八研究所 | Narrowband weak connection self-adaptive service framework device and service calling method |
| CN114844960A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-08-02 | 武汉斗鱼鱼乐网络科技有限公司 | Data transmission method and related equipment |
| CN114979306A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学人工智能研究院有限公司 | Novel multi-path fusion transmission method for Internet of things equipment |
| CN116233085A (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-06-06 | 深圳市微智体技术有限公司 | Multi-terminal streaming media transmission method, system and streaming media server cluster |
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