CN116921481A - Wire drawing equipment for high-strength thin tungsten filament with graphite emulsion coating device - Google Patents
Wire drawing equipment for high-strength thin tungsten filament with graphite emulsion coating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116921481A CN116921481A CN202310941087.1A CN202310941087A CN116921481A CN 116921481 A CN116921481 A CN 116921481A CN 202310941087 A CN202310941087 A CN 202310941087A CN 116921481 A CN116921481 A CN 116921481A
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- graphite emulsion
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- tungsten
- emulsion coating
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 184
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 54
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 title claims description 54
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 25
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- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 235000010167 Allium cepa var aggregatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
- B21C1/04—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums with two or more dies operating in series
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a wire drawing device for a high-strength fine tungsten wire with a graphite emulsion coating device, which is characterized by sequentially comprising an active paying-off device, a graphite emulsion coating device, a heating device, a die device, a cone pulley device and a wire collecting device along the wire drawing trend of the tungsten wire, wherein the graphite emulsion coating device comprises: a graphite emulsion container configured to store graphite emulsion; a graphite emulsion coating member configured to coat graphite emulsion on a surface of the metal wire; a water pump in communication with the graphite emulsion container and the graphite emulsion coating component and configured to deliver graphite emulsion in the graphite emulsion container to the graphite emulsion coating component; and an inclined plate configured to receive the graphite emulsion flowing out of the graphite emulsion coating member and convey the graphite emulsion to the graphite emulsion container. The graphite emulsion coating device in the wire drawing equipment has a circulation function, so that the loss of graphite emulsion is reduced, and the times of adding the graphite emulsion are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tungsten wires, in particular to tungsten wire drawing equipment with a graphite emulsion coating device.
Background
The tungsten filament is a filament produced by forging and drawing a tungsten bar, and is mainly used in electric light sources such as incandescent lamps, halogen tungsten lamps and the like, and can also be used as high-speed cutting alloy steel or used in optical instruments, chemical instruments and the like.
Drawing a tungsten wire requires the use of tungsten wire drawing equipment. The tungsten wire can rub with a die in tungsten wire drawing equipment in the drawing process, so that the die is worn, and wire breakage can be caused. Therefore, in the drawing process of the tungsten wire, the tungsten wire and the die keep a good lubrication state, friction can be reduced, the service life of the die is prolonged, and the probability of wire breakage in the drawing process is reduced. Graphite emulsion is an essential high temperature lubricant in tungsten filament drawing. In the wire drawing process of the tungsten wire, a layer of graphite emulsion is required to be adhered to the surface of the tungsten wire, and the graphite emulsion is completely dried through a high-temperature oven, so that the graphite powder is adhered to the surface of the tungsten wire to play a role in wire drawing lubrication.
Therefore, in a tungsten wire drawing apparatus, a graphite emulsion coating apparatus for coating a tungsten wire with graphite emulsion is required, and the graphite emulsion coating apparatus is an indispensable ring in the drawing apparatus. The graphite emulsion coating device needs to have the function of recycling the graphite emulsion so as to reduce the loss of the graphite emulsion, avoid waste and reduce the times of adding the graphite emulsion.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least some of the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides a drawing device for high-strength fine tungsten filament with a graphite emulsion coating device, which sequentially includes an active paying-off device, a graphite emulsion coating device, a heating device, a die device, a cone pulley device and a wire winding device along the drawing direction of the tungsten filament, wherein the graphite emulsion coating device includes:
a graphite emulsion container configured to store graphite emulsion;
a graphite emulsion coating member configured to coat graphite emulsion on a surface of the metal wire;
a water pump in communication with the graphite emulsion container and the graphite emulsion coating component and configured to deliver graphite emulsion in the graphite emulsion container to the graphite emulsion coating component; and
and an inclined plate configured to receive the graphite emulsion flowing out of the graphite emulsion coating member and convey the graphite emulsion to the graphite emulsion container.
Further, the graphite emulsion coated component has a wire passing opening through which the wire passes.
Further, the graphite emulsion coating device further comprises:
a first pipeline which communicates the graphite emulsion container with the tilting disk;
the second pipeline is communicated with the water pump and the graphite emulsion container; and
and the third pipeline is communicated with the water pump and the graphite emulsion coating component.
Further, the tilting disk is positioned below the graphite emulsion coating component;
the length and the width of the inclined disc are larger than those of the graphite emulsion coating component; and
the height of the inclined plate is higher than that of the graphite emulsion container.
Further, the graphite emulsion coating component is a graphite emulsion cylinder or a graphite emulsion groove, wherein the graphite emulsion cylinder is provided with an arc-shaped line passing opening, and two opposite groove walls of the graphite emulsion groove are provided with a plurality of opposite openings.
Further, the device also comprises a guide wheel device which is arranged between the active paying-off device and the graphite emulsion coating device and/or between the die device and the cone pulley device.
Further, the heating device includes:
the heating part is configured to move along the moving part in a direction perpendicular to the trend of the tungsten wire, and comprises a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone, wherein the second temperature zone is arranged at the downstream of the first temperature zone along the direction of the tungsten wire; and
a moving part, which comprises:
a guide rail which is arranged above or below the tungsten wire trace and is vertical or basically vertical to the tungsten wire;
a slider provided on the surface of the upper half or the lower half of the heating section;
a ball screw having one end connected to the driving motor and the other end connected to the heating part; and
and driving the motor.
Further, the heating part comprises an upper half part and a lower half part which are parallel or basically parallel to each other, and the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone are arranged in or on the surface of the upper half part and/or the lower half part;
at least one transition temperature zone is arranged between the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone.
Further, the cone pulley apparatus includes:
the body part comprises a plurality of layers of guide wheels, wherein the plurality of layers of guide wheels are made of cast iron or stainless steel, and the diameters of the guide wheels of each layer of the cone pulley device are sequentially increased;
the shell is coated on the surface of the multi-layer guide wheel, and the shell is made of hard alloy or ceramic;
a motor configured to be capable of driving the body portion to rotate; and
and a controller configured to control the rotational speed of the cone pulley apparatus according to the wire diameter of the tungsten wire.
10. The drawing apparatus of claim 9, wherein the diameter of each layer of guide wheels of the cone pulley assembly is based on the elongation δ of the tungsten wire Mould Determining the elongation delta of the cone pulley device Cone pulley Elongation delta with tungsten filament Mould The ratio is more than or equal to 1.01, wherein:
δ cone pulley ＝(D n -D n-1 )/D n-1 ，
δ Mould ＝(d n-1 2-d n 2)/d n 2 ，
Wherein d n-1 For entering the wire diameter of the tungsten wire before the nth wire drawing, and d n The wire diameter of the tungsten wire after the nth wire drawing is adopted; and
D n the diameter of the guide wheel of the nth layer in the cone pulley device.
The application has at least the following beneficial effects: according to the tungsten wire drawing equipment with the graphite emulsion coating device, the graphite emulsion coating device in the drawing equipment is provided with the inclined disc for receiving the redundant graphite emulsion below the graphite emulsion coating component, the graphite emulsion in the inclined disc flows into a graphite emulsion container and is conveyed to the graphite emulsion coating component by a water pump again to form circulation, so that the loss of the graphite emulsion is reduced, and the times of adding the graphite emulsion are reduced; and when the graphite emulsion coating device coats the graphite emulsion, the tungsten filament is completely immersed in the graphite emulsion, and the graphite emulsion attached to the surface of the tungsten filament is uniformly distributed.
Drawings
To further clarify the above and other advantages and features of embodiments of the present application, a more particular description of embodiments of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the application and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. In the drawings, for clarity, the same or corresponding parts will be designated by the same or similar reference numerals.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a tungsten wire drawing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a tungsten wire drawing apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an active payout device according to one embodiment of the application;
FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic view of an active payout device at another angle in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5A shows a schematic view of a graphite emulsion coating apparatus according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5B illustrates a schematic top view of a graphite emulsion cartridge according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5C illustrates a schematic top view of a graphite emulsion tank according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5D illustrates a schematic side view of a graphite emulsion tank in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural view of a multi-stage heating tungsten wire heating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a mobile heating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a heating apparatus employing a heating pipe according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated heating block according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic view of a structure of a guide wheel according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 shows a schematic view of a wire drawing die in accordance with an embodiment of the application; and
fig. 12 is a flow chart illustrating a method of constructing a tungsten wire drawing die in accordance with one embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the components in the figures may be shown exaggerated for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily to scale.
In the present application, the embodiments are merely intended to illustrate the scheme of the present application, and should not be construed as limiting.
In the present application, the adjectives "a" and "an" do not exclude a scenario of a plurality of elements, unless specifically indicated.
It should also be noted herein that in embodiments of the present application, only a portion of the components or assemblies may be shown for clarity and simplicity, but those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the components or assemblies may be added as needed for a particular scenario under the teachings of the present application.
It should also be noted herein that, within the scope of the present application, the terms "identical", "equal" and the like do not mean that the two values are absolutely equal, but rather allow for some reasonable error, that is, the terms also encompass "substantially identical", "substantially equal".
It should also be noted herein that in the description of the present application, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not explicitly or implicitly indicate that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting or implying any relative importance.
In addition, the embodiments of the present application describe the process steps in a specific order, however, this is only for convenience of distinguishing the steps, and not for limiting the order of the steps, and in different embodiments of the present application, the order of the steps may be adjusted according to the adjustment of the process.
In the present application, the term "high strength tungsten filament" means a tungsten filament having a tensile strength of not less than 5800 MPa. The term "filament" refers to tungsten filaments having a wire diameter of no greater than 36 microns, especially about 28 microns. For example, the fine tungsten filament of the present application may be an ultrafine tungsten filament having a wire diameter of about 0.4mm to about 0.028mm and a tensile strength of not less than 5800 MPa.
In order to form the tungsten filament with high-strength grain structure, the application improves the existing tungsten filament drawing equipment so as to produce the superfine tungsten filament with the wire diameter not more than 36 micrometers and the tensile strength not less than 5800 MPa. The embodiments of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a tungsten wire drawing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, a tungsten wire drawing apparatus sequentially includes an active paying-off device 101, a graphite emulsion coating device 102, a heating device 103, a die device 104, a cone pulley device 105 and a wire winding device 106 along the tungsten wire drawing direction. In order to avoid the shaking of the tungsten filament, a guide wheel device 107 is further disposed between the active paying-off device 101 and the graphite emulsion coating device 102, and/or between the die device 104 and the cone pulley device 105, and the number of guide wheels in the guide wheel device 107 is consistent with the number of wiredrawing times, that is, the number of wiredrawing dies contained in the die device 104. The heating device 103 may be, for example, an oven electric furnace.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the active payout device includes a payout reel 1, a guide wheel set 2, a fixed lever 3, a swing lever 4, a balance 5, a fixed guide wheel 6, a support frame 7, a motor 8, and a controller (not shown).
The pay-off reel 1, the fixed rod 3 and the fixed guide wheel 6 are fixedly arranged on the first side of the supporting frame 7.
The payout reel 1 is configured to payout tungsten wires. The pay-off reel 1 is located on a first side of the support frame 7.
The guide wheel group 2 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the fixed rod 3. The guide wheel set 2 is provided with 2 guide wheel grooves in parallel, wherein the first guide wheel groove is far away from the supporting frame 7, and the second guide wheel groove is close to the supporting frame 7.
The swing rod 4 is movably arranged on the first side of the supporting frame 7. The balance 5 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the swing rod 4. The swing rod 4 has the function of an angle sensor, can detect the swing angle of the balance wheel 5, and transmits a signal to the controller. The balance wheel 5 is fixedly connected with the swing rod, the tungsten wire bypasses the balance wheel 5, and the balance wheel 5 and the swing rod 4 can be pulled by the tungsten wire to swing up and down.
The motor 8 drives the pay-off disc 1 to rotate for paying off. The motor 8 is located at the second side of the support frame 7, and the motor 8 is fixedly connected with the pay-off reel 1, and the second side of the support frame 7 is opposite to the first side.
The controller controls the operation of the motor 8, starts and stops the motor 8, and adjusts the rotational speed of the motor 8. The controller receives the signal from balance 4 to adjust the rotational speed of motor 8.
When the active paying-off device is operated, tungsten wires are pulled out from the paying-off disc 1, sequentially bypass the first guide wheel groove of the guide wheel set 2, the balance wheel 4, the second guide wheel groove of the guide wheel set 2 and the fixed guide wheel 6, and the motor 8 is started by the controller so as to drive the paying-off disc 1 to rotate and pay-off. The tungsten filament sequentially passes through other devices of tungsten filament drawing equipment, the tungsten filament drawing equipment draws the tungsten filament, the drawing speed exists, the active paying-off speed exists when the paying-off disc 1 pays off, and the oscillating bar and the balance wheel are used for balancing the active paying-off speed and the drawing speed. When the wire drawing speed is greater than the active paying-off speed, the swing of the swing rod starts to rise, when the swing angle of the balance wheel is greater than the set first angle, the swing rod feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the motor to increase the rotating speed so as to increase the active paying-off speed of the paying-off disc 1. The control program in the controller is a PID control program, and the larger the angle of the swing rod is, the faster the paying-off speed is, so that the integral relation is realized. When the active paying-off speed is greater than the wire drawing speed and the swinging angle of the balance wheel is lower than a set second angle, the swing rod feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the motor to reduce the rotating speed so as to reduce the active paying-off speed of the paying-off disc 1, wherein the first angle is greater than the second angle.
When the paying-off speed is far smaller than the wire drawing speed, the tension of the tungsten wire is high in the paying-off process, and the risk of wire breakage exists; when the paying-off speed is far greater than the wire drawing speed, the tungsten wire is excessively loosened, so that the tungsten wire can shift, and the wire drawing process is affected. The active paying-off device can flexibly adjust paying-off speed and is high in paying-off efficiency.
The graphite emulsion plays a role in lubrication and protection in the tungsten filament processing process, if the lubrication performance is poor, the required stretching force is larger, and accordingly, the friction heat between the tungsten filament and a die is increased, so that the temperature difference between the entering die and the exiting die is reduced, and the filament is contracted. Therefore, a layer of graphite emulsion is usually required to be coated on the surface of the tungsten wire by a graphite emulsion coating device before the tungsten wire is drawn.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the graphite emulsion coating apparatus includes a graphite emulsion container 11, a graphite emulsion coating part 12, a water pump 13, a tilting disk 14, a first pipe 15, a second pipe 16, and a third pipe 17.
The graphite emulsion container 11 is configured to store graphite emulsion. The graphite emulsion container 11 is a container with a conical bottom, so that the graphite emulsion can not flow.
The graphite emulsion coating member 12 is configured to coat the surface of the tungsten filament with graphite emulsion. In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5A and 5B, the graphite emulsion coating member 12 is a graphite emulsion cylinder, the upper half of which has a plurality of arc-shaped wire passing openings 121, so that the metal wires pass through the graphite emulsion cylinder, the graphite emulsion cylinder contains graphite emulsion, and a layer of graphite emulsion is covered on the surface after the metal wires pass through the openings 121 on the wall of the groove. The level of the graphite milk in the graphite milk cylinder is not lower than the line passing opening 121, and flows out from the line passing opening. The width of the wire passing opening 121 is 3mm.
The water pump 3 is configured to deliver the graphite milk in the graphite milk container 11 to the graphite milk coating part 12.
The tilting tray 14 is located below the cream-coated member 12, and is configured to receive the cream flowing out of the cream-coated member 12 and convey it to a cream container. The inclined plate 14 has a length and a width larger than those of the graphite emulsion coating section 12, and the graphite emulsion flowing out of the graphite emulsion coating section 12 falls into the inclined plate 14.
The graphite emulsion container 11 communicates with the inclined plate 14, and the inclined plate 14 is higher than the graphite emulsion container 11 in height, so that the graphite emulsion falling on the inclined plate 14 flows into the graphite emulsion container 1 due to the gravity.
The first pipeline 15 communicates the graphite emulsion container 1 with the inclined plate 14. The second pipeline 16 is communicated with the water pump 13 and the graphite emulsion container 11. The third pipeline 17 communicates the water pump 13 with the graphite emulsion coating part 12.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5C and 5D, the graphite emulsion coating component may also be a graphite emulsion tank 18, wherein two opposite tank walls 181 of the graphite emulsion tank 8 are provided with a plurality of opposite line passing openings 182 so that the metal wires pass through the graphite emulsion tank 18, the graphite emulsion tank 18 contains graphite emulsion, and a layer of graphite emulsion is covered on the surface after the metal wires pass through the line passing openings 182 on the tank walls. The level of the graphite milk in the graphite milk tank 18 is not lower than the line passing opening 182, and flows out from the line passing opening 182. The graphite emulsion tank 18 is suitable for graphite emulsion having a large viscosity, and is not suitable for graphite emulsion having a small viscosity.
In actual production, it is observed that the graphite emulsion with small viscosity has strong fluidity. For an open type graphite emulsion tank, if the power of a water pump is small, the pressure provided for the graphite emulsion is too small, the flow rate of the graphite emulsion is low, the graphite emulsion cannot diffuse to a position slightly higher than the line through opening, and then the graphite emulsion flows out from the line through opening, when tungsten wires pass through, the tungsten wires may not completely cover the graphite emulsion, the pressure applied to the graphite emulsion needs to be increased, the flow rate is increased, but the pressure provided for the graphite emulsion is too large, and the graphite emulsion can be sprayed out from an opening position above. For graphite emulsion with high viscosity, the fluidity is relatively weak, so that the graphite emulsion is not easy to spray out from an upper opening, and the graphite emulsion can be diffused to a position slightly higher than a line passing opening, thereby meeting the requirements of tungsten filament coating of the graphite emulsion.
The graphite cylinder 2 is closed except for the line passing opening, and if the power of the water pump is high, the flow rate of the graphite milk is high, and the graphite milk cannot be ejected, so that the graphite cylinder 2 is suitable for the graphite milk with high viscosity and low viscosity.
Since the evaporation process of the water in the graphite emulsion also has a certain influence on the temperature of the tungsten filament itself, in one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, at least two temperature zones are disposed along the direction of the tungsten filament in the heating device 103, wherein the first temperature zone is mainly used for fast evaporation of the water, and the second temperature zone is used for adjusting the temperature of the tungsten filament. In order to avoid that the temperature change greatly influences the elongation of the tungsten wire, in one embodiment of the application, a plurality of temperature transition areas can be arranged between the first temperature area and the second temperature area. In one embodiment of the application, the first temperature zone is mainly used for evaporating moisture of the graphite emulsion, and the heating of the tungsten filament is mainly completed through the second temperature zone, and the temperature of the first temperature zone is lower than that of the second temperature zone because the temperature required for evaporating the moisture is generally lower than that of the tungsten filament, wherein the temperature of the second temperature zone is dynamically adjusted according to the diameter of the tungsten filament. In a further embodiment of the application, the first temperature zone is used both for evaporating moisture from the graphite emulsion and for heating the tungsten filament, and for rapid evaporation of moisture from the graphite emulsion, the temperature of the first temperature zone is higher than the temperature of the second temperature zone, preferably the first temperature zone is 50 ℃ higher than the temperature of the second temperature zone. Suitable drawing temperatures for tungsten filaments are typically between 350 ℃ and 800 ℃ and are related to the diameter of the tungsten filament itself, and generally, the required heating temperature should decrease as the diameter of the tungsten filament decreases. Based on this, in one embodiment of the application, the temperature T of the second temperature zone is dynamically adjusted according to the diameter d of the tungsten wire in the active payout device 101:
T＝(-9*10 3 )d 2 +(4.35*10 3 )d+305，
wherein the diameter d of the tungsten wire is in millimeters.
In yet another embodiment of the application, the temperature of the second temperature zone may be set, for example, between 750 ℃ and 850 ℃ when the tungsten wire is to be drawn from 0.39mm to 0.18mm diameter, between 600 ℃ and 700 ℃ when the tungsten wire is to be drawn from 0.18mm to 0.07mm diameter, and between 400 ℃ and 550 ℃ when the tungsten wire is to be drawn from 0.07mm to 35 μm diameter.
The prior art is limited, the heating device usually needs 30 minutes or more to reach the required temperature, and in the tungsten wire drawing process, the tungsten wire needs to pass through the heating device, and the wire drawing operation needs to be completed manually, which means that the heating device can only be restarted after the wire drawing is completed, and the overall production efficiency is seriously affected. In order to improve efficiency, in one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7, the heating device 103 includes a heating part 131 and a moving part 132. Wherein the heating part 131 is movable along the moving part 132 in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the tungsten wire runs. Through this structure makes at tungsten filament threading in-process, and heating portion can begin preheating in step, and then save time improves efficiency, and can effectively improve the security when threading operation. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the heating portion 131 includes an upper half and a lower half that are parallel or substantially parallel to each other. The upper half and/or the lower half are provided with heating components, such as heating rods and the like, in the interior or the surface, the tungsten wire passes through a gap between the upper half and the lower half, and the tungsten wire can be heated by the heating components of the upper half and/or the lower half. In one embodiment of the present application, the first sidewalls of the upper and lower halves are connected to each other, so that the section of the heating portion 131 in the direction of the tungsten filament is . The moving part 132 is used for enabling the heating part 131 to translate along the direction perpendicular to the trend of the tungsten wire. In one embodiment of the present application, the moving part 132 includes a guide rail, a slider, a ball screw, and a driving motor, wherein the guide rail is disposed above or below the tungsten wire trace and is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the tungsten wire, the slider is correspondingly disposed on the upper half or the lower half of the heating part 131, one end of the ball screw is connected to the driving motor, the other end of the ball screw is connected to the heating part 131, and the driving motor drives the ball screw to rotate, so that the heating part 131 translates along the guide rail. It should be appreciated that in other embodiments of the application, other translation mechanisms may be employed to effect movement of the heating portion, such as belt drives, chain drives, or manual operations, for example.
In the process of heating the tungsten wire, because an indirect heating mode is adopted, in order to improve the accuracy of temperature control, the distance between the tungsten wire and the heating device should be as small as possible, but the distance is too small, so that the tungsten wire is possibly in contact with the heating device, and damage is generated. To solve this problem, in one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 8, the heating device heats the tungsten filament by using a U-shaped or W-shaped heating tube 501, and both ends of the U-shaped or W-shaped heating tube are compacted by using insulating materials 502 in order to prevent the heating tube 501 from being fluctuated and touching the tungsten filament during the heating process. The U-shaped or W-shaped heating pipe has high heat efficiency and even heating, and can meet the requirement of tungsten wire drawing on temperature uniformity. In order to ensure temperature uniformity, the heat-insulating material cannot cover the heating tube too much. In one embodiment of the application, the heating tube is covered by the insulating material for a distance not exceeding 1/2, preferably 1/4, of the curve length of the U-shaped heating tube or the W-shaped heating tube. In one embodiment of the application, the heating tube is covered by the insulating material at a distance of between 1.5cm and 2.5cm, preferably 2cm.
In yet another embodiment of the application, the heating device heats the tungsten filament by using a prefabricated heating block, and the temperature uniformity of the prefabricated heating block is good. As shown in fig. 9, the prefabricated heating block includes a heating wire 601 and an insulating heat conducting layer 602 covering the heating wire. After the prefabricated heating block is electrified, the heating wire starts to work to generate heat, the insulating heat conducting layer is directly heated through contact, and finally the tungsten wire is heated in a heat radiation mode. In one embodiment of the present application, the material of the insulating and thermally conductive layer is silicon dioxide. In one embodiment of the application, the prefabricated heating block is made according to the following steps:
firstly, embedding a heating wire into silicon dioxide powder, and exposing a terminal; and
next, the silica powder embedded with the heating wire is heated by a high temperature so that sintering occurs between powder particles to form a monolithic prefabricated heating block.
The die set 104 is used to compression size the tungsten wire to obtain a tungsten wire of a specified diameter. In one embodiment of the present application, the die assembly 104 includes a wire drawing die and a die holder. The die holder is arranged below the wire drawing die and comprises a heating mechanism, so that the wire drawing die can be heated, and the temperature of the wire drawing die is close to or equal to the temperature of the tungsten wire heated by the heating device 103. In one embodiment of the present application, the die holder is heated to a temperature between 200 ℃ and 700 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 11, the wire drawing die includes a bushing 41 and a die core 42. The bushing 41 is arranged at the periphery of the mold core 42. The mold core 42 is a polycrystalline diamond mold core, the diamond content in the polycrystalline diamond mold core is 90% -98%, the diamond in the polycrystalline diamond mold core comprises nano diamond grains and micron diamond grains, wherein the grain diameter of the nano diamond grains is less than or equal to 50 nanometers, the grain diameter of the micron diamond grains is less than or equal to 10 microns, and the mass ratio of the micron diamond grains is less than or equal to 46%. The bushing 41 may be a metal material, for example, cast iron, stainless steel, copper, or the like.
The center of the bushing 41 and the core 42 has a machined hole through which the tungsten wire is compressed and stretched to a desired diameter during the wire drawing process.
The tooling holes include a compression zone 43, a sizing zone 44, and an exit zone 45. The compression zone 43, the sizing zone 44 and the outlet zone 45 are arranged in this order in the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the machining orifice, the diameter of the compression zone 43 gradually decreasing in the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the machining orifice, and the diameter of the outlet zone 45 gradually increasing in the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the machining orifice. The angle of the taper angle θ of the compression zone 43 and/or the outlet zone 45 due to the diameter variation is 18 ° or less, and the length of the sizing zone is 0.3mm or less.
In the process of tungsten wire drawing, as the wire diameter of the tungsten wire is smaller than 50 microns, the hardness of the tungsten wire is very high, the surface hardness can reach about 2000MPa, and the single wire drawing distance of tungsten wire drawing can reach 80000m generally, and continuous wire drawing is required for more than 12 hours. Therefore, the hardness, toughness and wear resistance of the mold core need to be ensured. The inventor finds that when the diamond content in the polycrystalline diamond mold core is 90% -98%, the hardness of the mold core exceeds 35GPa, the mold core has high toughness, the mold core is very suitable for the process requirements of tungsten wire drawing, when the diamond content is less than 90%, the mold core is easy to wear, and when the diamond content is more than 98%, the mold core is easy to crack in the tungsten wire drawing process.
Fig. 12 is a flow chart illustrating a method of constructing a tungsten wire drawing die in accordance with one embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 12, the method may include the steps of:
and step 1, providing a bushing.
Step 2, polymerizing the graphite green onion and the diamond particles at high temperature and high pressure to form the polycrystalline diamond mold core 42, wherein the diamond content in the polycrystalline diamond mold core is 90% -98%.
And 3, combining the bushing and the polycrystalline diamond mold core together through high temperature and high pressure.
And 4, constructing a machining hole on the bushing and the polycrystalline diamond mold core.
In the method, the graphite shallot and the diamond particles are polymerized at high temperature and high pressure to form the polycrystalline diamond mold core, so that the diamond content in the polycrystalline diamond can be controlled more easily than the traditional polycrystalline diamond construction mode, and the diamond content in the polycrystalline diamond mold core can be controlled to be 90% -98%.
The cone pulley device 105 is arranged at the rear of the die device 104 along the tungsten wire routing direction, and the tungsten wire drawn by the die device is drawn back into the graphite emulsion device for the next drawing operation after being wound around the cone pulley device for at least half a circle.
The cone pulley assembly 105 comprises a plurality of layers of guide wheels, the number of layers of which corresponds to the number of wire drawing times, i.e. the number of wire drawing dies contained in the die assembly 104. In the tungsten wire drawing process, the required traction force is required along with the continuous reduction of the wire diameter of the tungsten wireAnd simultaneously, the length of the tungsten wire is continuously increased along with the decrease of the wire diameter, so that the diameter of each layer of guide wheel of the cone pulley is gradually increased in one embodiment of the application. In one embodiment of the application, the diameter of each layer of guide wheel is equal to the elongation delta of the tungsten wire Mould Relatedly, the elongation delta of tungsten wires Mould ＝(d n-1 2-d n 2)/d n 2 Wherein d is n-1 For entering the wire diameter of the tungsten wire before the nth wire drawing die, i.e. before the nth wire drawing, and d n The wire diameter of the tungsten wire after being drawn by the nth wire drawing die. In one embodiment of the application, the elongation of the tungsten filament, delta Mould Elongation delta with cone pulley Cone pulley Close to, but slightly greater than, the elongation delta of the cone pulley Cone pulley I.e. the ratio delta of the two Mould ：δ Cone pulley Not less than 1.01, wherein the elongation delta of the cone pulley Cone pulley ＝(D n -D n-1 )/D n-1 Wherein D is n Refers to the diameter of the nth layer of guide wheels. In one embodiment of the application, the cone pulley assembly 105 is driven by a motor and the rotational speed of the cone pulley assembly can be controlled by a controller coupled to the motor. In one embodiment of the application, the cone pulley assembly as a whole is controlled by a motor, i.e., the layers of guide wheels rotate synchronously. In a further embodiment of the application, the different motors control the guide wheels of each layer of the cone pulley device, so that the rotation speeds of the different guide wheels can be controlled according to the required elongation. In order to improve the wear resistance of the cone pulley device and avoid abrasion of the cone pulley and even pollution of the tungsten wire caused by friction between the tungsten wire and the surface of the cone pulley device in the traction process, in one embodiment of the application, the cone pulley device is manufactured by adopting cast iron or stainless steel and other materials, and a layer of hard alloy or ceramic is compounded on the surface of the cone pulley device, wherein the hard alloy can be tungsten carbide and the like. In addition, in one embodiment of the present application, the surface of the cone pulley assembly is further ground with 600 mesh to 1200 mesh to define its surface roughness in order to provide an optimal coefficient of friction.
As described above, the cone pulley device can adjust the traction force according to the required wire diameter of the tungsten wire, thereby ensuring that the tungsten wire reaches the preset elongation. In a multi-axis control scheme, traction is regulated by rotational speed. However, in the integrated control scheme, since the cone pulley device is taken as a whole, the speeds of the guide wheels of all layers are consistent, if the traction force is controlled only by the diameter of the guide wheels, once the diameter of the required tungsten wire is changed, different cone pulley devices may be required, and the universality of the cone pulley device is greatly reduced. To avoid this, in practice the traction force can be adjusted by controlling the number of turns of the tungsten wire around the cone pulley arrangement. For further control of the adjustment accuracy, in one embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 2, a branching guide wheel 108 may also be provided in front of the cone pulley arrangement. The tungsten wire extruded by the wire drawing die sequentially winds the wire dividing guide wheel and the cone pulley device, so that the contact length of the tungsten wire and the cone pulley device can be adjusted by taking half circle as step, and the traction force can be adjusted. Since the traction force does not generally need to be continuously adjusted in the last drawing, the number of the splitting guide wheels is generally smaller than the number of layers of the cone pulley device, preferably one less than the number of guide wheels of the cone pulley device.
The guide wheel device 107 includes a plurality of guide wheels, and in one embodiment of the present application, the guide wheels include a bearing and a housing, wherein the housing is penetratingly connected to the bearing, and can rotate under the drive of the bearing. In order to avoid shaking of the tungsten wire during the wire drawing process of the tungsten wire and thus to influence the straightness of the tungsten wire, in one embodiment of the application, the housing comprises a v-shaped wire passing groove. As shown in fig. 10, the bottom of the wire passing groove comprises an arc section, and the width of the arc section is slightly larger than the wire diameter of the tungsten wire, for example, the width of the arc section can be in the range of 110% to 130% of the wire diameter of the tungsten wire, and the arrangement of conical surfaces on two sides can guide the metal wire to fall into the bottom of the wire passing groove and can effectively prevent the tungsten wire from falling off from the guide wheel. In order to avoid friction between the tungsten wire and the guide wheel during the wire drawing process to damage the guide wheel, in one embodiment of the application, the outer shell of the guide wheel is made of high polymer polyester material. Furthermore, in order to improve stability, in one embodiment of the application the guide wheel comprises at least two bearings, wherein the at least two bearings are arranged concentrically.
The wire winding device 106 is disposed at the rear of the cone pulley device 105 along the tungsten wire routing direction, and is used for winding up the drawn tungsten wire for storage and transportation. The take-up 106 may be a torque controlled take-up or may be a speed differential controlled take-up.
The torque controlled take-up may include a spool, a motor, a torque sensor, and a take-up controller.
The drawn tungsten wire may be introduced into the spool via cone pulley assembly 105. The speed regulating motor is configured to drive the winding drum to rotate, wherein the motor is configured to regulate the traction force of the tungsten wire when the tungsten wire is wound. A torque sensor is configured to detect a torque between the tungsten wire and the spool. The take-up controller is connected with the torque sensor and is configured to control the motor according to the torque so as to make the traction force of the outlet die constant.
The torque-controlled take-up device enables the drawing force of the exit die to be maintained within a range of values which enable the drawing of the tungsten wire and which do not lead to breakage of the tungsten wire, which can be maintained for example at an intermediate value between 1N and 5.8N, preferably at a position which is 120% of the drawing force which enables the drawing of the tungsten wire, that is to say the drawing force of the exit die can be maintained at 1.2N.
The traction force of the outlet die is kept constant by controlling the wire winding device through the moment, so that the full disc rate of the tungsten wire drawing equipment can be effectively ensured. In the wire drawing process, the wire drawing of the tungsten wire can be ensured to be continuous to more than 12 ten thousand meters, and the wire drawing efficiency and stability of the tungsten wire drawing equipment are effectively improved.
Although some embodiments of the present application have been described in the present document, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these embodiments are shown by way of example only. Numerous variations, substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the scope of the application. The appended claims are intended to define the scope of the application and to cover such methods and structures within the scope of these claims themselves and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a wire drawing equipment for high strength thin tungsten filament with graphite emulsion coating device, its characterized in that includes initiative pay-off, graphite emulsion coating device, heating device, mould device, cone pulley device and take-up in proper order along tungsten filament wire drawing trend, wherein graphite emulsion coating device includes:
a graphite emulsion container configured to store graphite emulsion;
a graphite emulsion coating member configured to coat graphite emulsion on a surface of the metal wire;
a water pump in communication with the graphite emulsion container and the graphite emulsion coating component and configured to deliver graphite emulsion in the graphite emulsion container to the graphite emulsion coating component; and
and an inclined plate configured to receive the graphite emulsion flowing out of the graphite emulsion coating member and convey the graphite emulsion to the graphite emulsion container.
2. The graphite emulsion coating apparatus of claim 1 wherein the graphite emulsion coating member has a wire passing opening for the passage of a wire.
3. The drawing apparatus of claim 1 wherein the graphite emulsion coating device further comprises:
a first pipeline which communicates the graphite emulsion container with the tilting disk;
the second pipeline is communicated with the water pump and the graphite emulsion container; and
and the third pipeline is communicated with the water pump and the graphite emulsion coating component.
4. The drawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inclined plate is located below the graphite emulsion coating member;
the length and the width of the inclined disc are larger than those of the graphite emulsion coating component; and
the height of the inclined plate is higher than that of the graphite emulsion container.
5. The drawing apparatus of claim 2 wherein the graphite emulsion coating component is a graphite emulsion drum or a graphite emulsion trough, wherein the graphite emulsion drum has arcuate line-passing openings and wherein the graphite emulsion trough has a plurality of opposed openings in opposed trough walls.
6. The drawing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a guide wheel device disposed between the active payoff device and the graphite emulsion coating device, and/or the die device and the cone pulley device.
7. The drawing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating means comprises:
the heating part is configured to move along the moving part in a direction perpendicular to the trend of the tungsten wire, and comprises a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone, wherein the second temperature zone is arranged at the downstream of the first temperature zone along the direction of the tungsten wire; and
a moving part, which comprises:
a guide rail which is arranged above or below the tungsten wire trace and is vertical or basically vertical to the tungsten wire;
a slider provided on the surface of the upper half or the lower half of the heating section;
a ball screw having one end connected to the driving motor and the other end connected to the heating part; and
and driving the motor.
8. The drawing apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the heating portion includes an upper half and a lower half parallel or substantially parallel to each other, the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone being provided inside or on the surface of the upper half and/or the lower half;
at least one transition temperature zone is arranged between the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone.
9. The drawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cone pulley device includes:
the body part comprises a plurality of layers of guide wheels, wherein the plurality of layers of guide wheels are made of cast iron or stainless steel, and the diameters of the guide wheels of each layer of the cone pulley device are sequentially increased;
the shell is coated on the surface of the multi-layer guide wheel, and the shell is made of hard alloy or ceramic;
a motor configured to be capable of driving the body portion to rotate; and
and a controller configured to control the rotational speed of the cone pulley apparatus according to the wire diameter of the tungsten wire.
10. The drawing apparatus of claim 9, wherein the diameter of each layer of guide wheels of the cone pulley assembly is based on the elongation δ of the tungsten wire Mould Determining the elongation delta of the cone pulley device Cone pulley Elongation delta with tungsten filament Mould The ratio is more than or equal to 1.01, wherein:
δ cone pulley ＝(D n -D n-1 )/D n-1 ，
δ Mould ＝(d n-1 2-d n 2)/d n 2 ，
Wherein d n-1 For entering the wire diameter of the tungsten wire before the nth wire drawing, and d n The wire diameter of the tungsten wire after the nth wire drawing is adopted; and
D n the diameter of the guide wheel of the nth layer in the cone pulley device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310941087.1A CN116921481A (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Wire drawing equipment for high-strength thin tungsten filament with graphite emulsion coating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310941087.1A CN116921481A (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Wire drawing equipment for high-strength thin tungsten filament with graphite emulsion coating device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116921481A true CN116921481A (en) | 2023-10-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310941087.1A Pending CN116921481A (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Wire drawing equipment for high-strength thin tungsten filament with graphite emulsion coating device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116921481A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-28 CN CN202310941087.1A patent/CN116921481A/en active Pending
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