CN116892410A - Protection expansion area treatment method for gas exploitation - Google Patents
Protection expansion area treatment method for gas exploitation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 80
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
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- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for controlling a protection expansion area of gas exploitation, which comprises the following steps: s1, measuring a protected coal seam by a geophysical prospecting method; s2, determining a protected boundary area and an unprotected area; s3, performing construction treatment on the protection boundary area; s4, performing construction treatment on the unprotected area; s5, detecting gas in the protected coal seam and the protected boundary area; s6, checking and inspecting the outburst elimination effect of the protection boundary area during the mining of the protected layer; the method divides the coal seam into three sections of a protected coal seam, a protected boundary area and an unprotected area, and carries out detection treatment by a geophysical prospecting method so as to improve the accuracy; carrying out gas extraction on the protected boundary area and the unprotected area; performing comprehensive evaluation on the gas treatment effect of the protected coal seam protection boundary area; and when the protected coal seam is subjected to tunneling and coal mining operations, the protection boundary area of the protected coal seam is subjected to effect inspection for eliminating the prominent danger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal mine protection boundary areas, in particular to a protection expansion area treatment method for gas exploitation.
Background
Mine gas control has been a worldwide problem. The mining protection layer is not only the most economical and fundamental regional outburst prevention measure, but also an effective technical approach for improving the coal seam gas extraction effect. The protection pressure relief angle of the protected coal seam is generally smaller than 90 degrees, so that the protection range of the protected layer is smaller than the mining range of the protection layer, particularly, the protection range is smaller as the layer spacing is increased, the working surface of the protected layer and the working surface of the protection layer cannot be arranged in equal width and equal length, and the difficulty is brought to the arrangement of the working surface of the protected layer. In the protection boundary area, the protected coal seam gas which does not take any treatment measures has obvious pressure relief effect under the influence of the mining of the protection layer, and the comprehensive treatment method is different from the outburst prevention measures of the pre-extracted coal seam gas area. Therefore, the development of the comprehensive gas control research of the protected coal seam protection boundary area has important practical significance for the safe and efficient exploitation and sustainable development of mines.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects, the invention provides a method for controlling a protection expansion area of gas exploitation, which aims to improve the space where the protection boundary is expanded, thereby causing the problem of comprehensive control of gas in the protection expansion area of a protected coal seam. In the protection boundary area, the protected coal seam gas which does not take any treatment measures has obvious pressure relief effect under the influence of the mining of the protection layer, and the comprehensive treatment method is different from the problems of outburst prevention measures and the like in the pre-drainage coal seam gas area.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for controlling a protection expansion area of gas exploitation, which comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring a protected coal seam by a geophysical prospecting method: measuring the protected coal seam by adopting a geophysical prospecting method, and then determining the range of the protected coal seam;
s2, determining a protected boundary area and an unprotected area: determining a protective boundary area according to the range of the protective coal seam, and determining an unprotected area, so as to accurately position the protective coal seam, the protective boundary area and the unprotected area;
s3, performing construction treatment on the protection boundary area: extracting through-layer drilling holes or directional long drilling holes with different parameters for constructing gas in a protected boundary area and gas in an unprotected area in a top plate or bottom plate roadway of a protected coal seam, or extracting sequential drilling holes or directional long drilling holes with different parameters for constructing gas in the protected boundary area and gas in the unprotected area in a roadway of the protected coal seam;
s4, performing construction treatment on the unprotected area: the construction interval is small, and the region within 15-20m is controlled;
s5, carrying out gas detection on the protection coal bed and the protection boundary area: comprehensively evaluating the gas control effect in the protected coal seam protection boundary area by combining the indexes of the residual gas content, the residual gas pressure, the gas extraction rate, the coal seam permeability coefficient and the drilling gas emission attenuation coefficient;
s6, checking and examining the outburst elimination effect of the protection boundary area during the mining of the protected layer: finally, through the verification of the outburst elimination effect during the protected coal seam mining operation, the detection and investigation of the outburst elimination effect of the protection boundary area are determined.
In a specific embodiment, the geophysical prospecting method in S1 is based on physical property differences between underground rock and ore, and the geophysical prospecting method is used for observing the distribution of natural or artificial physical fields by using a geophysical prospecting instrument to study geological structures and search underground water sources and minerals, and comprises an electrical method, a radioactive method, a geothermal method, a magnetic method, a gravitational method, a remote sensing method and an elastic wave test.
In the implementation process, the detection of the underground coal seam is realized through the geophysical prospecting method, and the geophysical prospecting method is various and can be operated and used according to actual geological conditions.
In a specific embodiment, the electric method is to observe and research the space and time distribution rule of an artificial or natural electromagnetic field by utilizing the difference of electric properties between rock and ore, wherein the electric properties of the rock and the ore mainly comprise resistivity rho, electrochemical activity, dielectric constant epsilon and magnetic permeability mu, and the electric method has the characteristics of multiple physical parameters, multiple field sources and device forms, multiple observation elements and wide application range, and comprises an electric sounding method, an electric profile method, a high-density electric method, a natural electric field method, a charging method, an induced polarization method, an audio magnetotelluric sounding method and a transient electromagnetic method.
In the implementation process, the detection class of the electric method can carry out detection treatment according to the resistivity rho, the electrochemical activity, the dielectric constant epsilon and the magnetic permeability mu of geology, and has the characteristics of multiple field sources and device forms, multiple observation elements and wide application range.
In a specific embodiment, the elastic wave test comprises an acoustic wave method and a seismic wave method, wherein the acoustic wave method is selected from the group consisting of a single hole acoustic wave, a penetrating acoustic wave, a surface acoustic wave, an acoustic wave reflection and a pulse echo; the seismic wave method selects the seismic logging, the penetrating seismic wave velocity test and the continuous seismic wave velocity test; the elastic wave test method utilizes the fact that the transmission speeds of elastic waves are different among different media, and detection processing is carried out through analysis of the transmission speeds.
In the implementation process, the elastic wave test is mainly adopted, so that the operation is convenient, the implementation is easy, the survey area is large, and engineering funds can be saved.
In a specific embodiment, the method for determining the protection coal layer in S2 includes:
maximum protection vertical distance of lower protection layer: s is S Lower part(s) ＝S' Lower part(s) β 1 β 2 ，
Maximum protection vertical distance of upper protection layer: s is S Upper part ＝S' Upper part β 1 β 2 ，
S 'in' Lower part(s) And S' Upper part The theoretical maximum protection sag distance of the lower protection layer and the upper protection layer is related to the working surface length L and the mining depth H, when L>At 0.3H, l=0.3h, but L must not be greater than 250m;
β 1 for the influence coefficient of the protection layer exploitation, when M is less than or equal to M 0 Beta when it is 1 ＝M/M 0 When M>M 0 Beta when it is 1 ＝1；
M is the mining thickness of the protective layer;
M 0 is the minimum effective thickness of the protective layer;
β 2 the interlayer hard rock content coefficient is expressed as eta, and when eta is more than or equal to 50 percent, beta is expressed as eta 2 =1-0.4 η/100, β when η < 50% 2 ＝1。
In the implementation process, the thickness of the protection coal seam can be effectively judged through the mode, and accurate positioning treatment can be realized.
In a specific embodiment, the determination of the protection boundary area in S2 is performed by using the trend pressure relief angle and the trend pressure relief angle of the protection coal seam protection range actually measured on site, so that the protection range of the protection coal seam is equal to the mining range of the working face of the protection coal seam, that is, the boundary expansion of the protection range is realized, and the influence of the coal roadway tunneling outburst prevention measure of the protection coal seam on the protection coal seam is the main reason for the boundary expansion of the protection range.
In the implementation process, the protection boundary area is determined through the protection coal layer, and the protection coal layer is protected through the protection boundary area.
In a specific embodiment, in the step S2, a layer-penetrating drill hole or a directional long drill hole is constructed from the top plate or the bottom plate roadway of the protected coal seam in the range of 15-20m of the periphery of the protected boundary area, or a layer-following drill hole or a directional long drill hole is constructed from the coal roadway of the protected coal seam in the proposed protection range, the drill hole spacing is the same as the pre-drainage coal seam gas treatment measure spacing, and is kept at 5m×5m, and the underground or ground drainage system is accessed for gas drainage.
In the implementation process, when the non-protection area is subjected to drilling extraction treatment, a construction through-layer drilling or directional long drilling is adopted, or a bedding drilling or directional long drilling is constructed from a coal roadway of the protection coal seam in the recommended protection range, the drilling interval is the same as the pre-extraction coal seam gas treatment measure interval, and the gas extraction is conveniently realized at 5m multiplied by 5 m.
In a specific embodiment, the protection boundary area is used for constructing a through-layer drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole from the top plate or the bottom plate roadway of the protection coal seam, or is used for constructing a sequential layer drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole from the coal roadway of the protection coal seam in the recommended protection range, the drilling hole spacing is the same as the corresponding gas control measure spacing in the recommended protection range, the gas control measure spacing is kept at 10m multiplied by 10m, and the gas is introduced into a downhole or ground extraction system for gas extraction.
In the implementation process, the protection boundary area adopts construction through-layer drilling or directional long drilling, or the sequential layer drilling or directional long drilling is constructed from the coal roadway of the protection coal seam in the recommended protection range, the drilling interval is the same as the gas treatment measure interval of the pre-drainage coal seam, and the gas treatment measure interval is kept at 10m multiplied by 10m, so that the gas extraction is conveniently realized.
In a specific embodiment, when the gas detection in S5 mainly adopts the residual gas content or residual gas pressure test index, the residual gas content or residual gas pressure of the coal seam should be calculated according to the gas extraction and discharge amount in the test unit, and after the required index is reached, the residual gas content or residual gas pressure index is directly measured by the reproduction field, and the test points for measuring the parameters of the gas pressure and gas content of the coal seam are respectively arranged in different geological units according to the actual conditions and conditions such as the range, geological complexity and the like; the number of test points is not less than 2 along the trend of the coal bed in the same geological unit, the number of the test points is not less than 3 along the trend, and the test points are ensured to exist at the position with the largest burial depth and the lowest elevation in the range.
In the implementation process, after extraction, the gas in the protected boundary area and the unprotected area needs to be detected, and sampling test is performed by selecting test points according to different positions.
In a specific embodiment, the protective boundary zone is tested for the effectiveness of eliminating the risk of outburst during the development and mining operations of the protective coal seam using a maximum cuttings quantity S max Detecting and calculating a drilling cuttings desorption index K 1 、Δh 2 And the initial velocity q of gas emission from the drill hole m And (5) an index.
In the implementation process, when the protection coal seam is used for tunneling and coal mining, the protection boundary area needs to be subjected to effect inspection for eliminating the prominent danger, so that the subsequent excavation safety is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method divides the coal seam into three sections of a protected coal seam, a protected boundary area and an unprotected area, and carries out detection treatment by a geophysical prospecting method so as to improve the accuracy;
constructing a layer-penetrating drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole from a protected roof or floor roadway in a protected area and an unprotected area, or constructing a layer-following drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole from a protected coal roadway in a suggested protection range;
after the gas is treated for a certain time, comprehensively evaluating the gas treatment effect of the protected coal seam protection boundary area by combining indexes such as gas residual pressure, gas residual content, coal seam permeability coefficient, drilling gas emission attenuation coefficient and the like;
when the protected coal seam is used for tunneling and coal mining, the maximum drilling cuttings quantity S can be used for checking the effect of eliminating the protruding danger of the protection boundary area of the protected coal seam max Drill cuttings desorption index K 1 、Δh 2 And the initial velocity q of gas emission from the drill hole m The indexes can be selected by referring to mine prominent sensitive indexes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an assay method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a gas extraction drilling end hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The method divides the coal seam into three sections of a protected coal seam, a protected boundary area and an unprotected area, and carries out detection treatment by a geophysical prospecting method so as to improve the accuracy;
constructing a layer-penetrating drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole from a protected roof or floor roadway in a protected area and an unprotected area, or constructing a layer-following drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole from a protected coal roadway in a suggested protection range;
after the gas is treated for a certain time, comprehensively evaluating the gas treatment effect of the protected coal seam protection boundary area by combining indexes such as gas residual pressure, gas residual content, coal seam permeability coefficient, drilling gas emission attenuation coefficient and the like;
when the protected coal seam is used for tunneling and coal mining, the maximum drilling cuttings quantity S can be used for checking the effect of eliminating the protruding danger of the protection boundary area of the protected coal seam max Drill cuttings desorption index K 1 、Δh 2 And the initial velocity q of gas emission from the drill hole m The indexes can be selected by referring to mine prominent sensitive indexes;
the method aims at improving the space where the protective boundary is expanded, thereby causing the problem of comprehensive gas control in the protected boundary area of the protected coal seam. In the protection boundary area, the protected coal seam gas which does not take any treatment measures has obvious pressure relief effect under the influence of the mining of the protection layer, and the comprehensive treatment method is different from the problems of outburst prevention measures and the like in the pre-drainage coal seam gas area.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a method for controlling a protection expansion area of gas exploitation, comprising the following steps:
s1, measuring a protected coal seam by a geophysical prospecting method: measuring the protected coal seam by adopting a geophysical prospecting method, and then determining the range of the protected coal seam;
s2, determining a protected boundary area and an unprotected area: determining a protective boundary area according to the range of the protective coal seam, and determining an unprotected area, so as to accurately position the protective coal seam, the protective boundary area and the unprotected area;
s3, performing construction treatment on the protection boundary area: extracting through-layer drilling holes or directional long drilling holes with different parameters for constructing gas in a protected boundary area and gas in an unprotected area in a top plate or bottom plate roadway of a protected coal seam, or extracting sequential drilling holes or directional long drilling holes with different parameters for constructing gas in the protected boundary area and gas in the unprotected area in a roadway of the protected coal seam;
s4, performing construction treatment on the unprotected area: the construction interval is small, and the region within 15-20m is controlled;
s5, carrying out gas detection on the protection coal bed and the protection boundary area: comprehensively evaluating the gas control effect in the protected coal seam protection boundary area by combining the indexes of the residual gas content, the residual gas pressure, the gas extraction rate, the coal seam permeability coefficient and the drilling gas emission attenuation coefficient;
s6, checking and examining the outburst elimination effect of the protection boundary area during the mining of the protected layer: finally, through the verification of the outburst elimination effect during the protected coal seam mining operation, the detection and investigation of the outburst elimination effect of the protection boundary area are determined.
Specifically, the geophysical prospecting method in S1 is based on physical property differences between underground rock and ore, and uses a geophysical prospecting instrument to observe the distribution of natural or artificial physical fields for researching geological structures and searching for underground water sources and minerals, and the geophysical prospecting method comprises an electric method, a radioactive method, a geothermal method, a magnetic method, a gravitational method, a remote sensing method and an elastic wave test, and is used for detecting an underground coal seam through the geophysical prospecting method, and the geophysical prospecting method is various and can be used in operation according to actual geological conditions.
When the method is specifically arranged, the electric method is to observe and research the space and time distribution rule of an artificial or natural electromagnetic field by utilizing the difference of electric properties between rock and ore, the electric properties of the rock and the ore mainly comprise resistivity rho, electrochemical activity, dielectric constant epsilon and magnetic permeability mu, the electric method has the characteristics of multiple physical parameters, multiple field sources and device forms, multiple observation elements and wide application range, the electric method comprises an electric sounding method, an electric profile method, a high-density electric method, a natural electric field method, a charging method, an induced polarization method, an audio magnetotelluric sounding method and a transient electromagnetic method, and the detection class of the electric method can be subjected to detection treatment according to the resistivity rho, the electrochemical activity, the dielectric constant epsilon and the magnetic permeability mu of geology and has the characteristics of multiple field sources and device forms, multiple observation elements and wide application range.
In some specific embodiments, the elastic wave test comprises an acoustic wave method and a seismic wave method, wherein the acoustic wave method is selected from the group consisting of a single hole acoustic wave, a penetrating acoustic wave, a surface acoustic wave, an acoustic wave reflection and a pulse echo; the seismic wave method selects the seismic logging, the penetrating seismic wave velocity test and the continuous seismic wave velocity test; the elastic wave test method utilizes the fact that the transmission speeds of elastic waves among different media are different, detection processing is carried out through analyzing the propagation speeds, and the elastic wave test is mainly adopted, so that the operation is convenient, the implementation is easy, the survey area is large, and engineering funds can be saved.
In other embodiments, the method for determining the protection coal seam in S2 comprises:
maximum protection vertical distance of lower protection layer: s is S Lower part(s) ＝S' Lower part(s) β 1 β 2 ，
Maximum protection vertical distance of upper protection layer: s is S Upper part ＝S' Upper part β 1 β 2 ，
S 'in' Lower part(s) And S' Upper part The theoretical maximum protection sag distance of the lower protection layer and the upper protection layer is related to the working surface length L and the mining depth H, when L>At 0.3H, takel=0.3H, but L must not be greater than 250m;
β 1 for the influence coefficient of the protection layer exploitation, when M is less than or equal to M 0 Beta when it is 1 ＝M/M 0 When M>M 0 Beta when it is 1 ＝1；
M is the mining thickness of the protective layer;
M 0 is the minimum effective thickness of the protective layer;
β 2 the interlayer hard rock content coefficient is expressed as eta, and when eta is more than or equal to 50 percent, beta is expressed as eta 2 =1-0.4 η/100, β when η < 50% 2 By the method, the thickness of the protection coal seam can be effectively judged, and accurate positioning processing can be realized.
In the invention, the determination of the protection boundary area in the S2 is carried out through the trend pressure relief angle and the trend pressure relief angle of the protection range of the protection coal layer actually measured on site, so that the protection range of the protection coal layer is equal to the mining range of the working face of the protection coal layer, namely, the extension of the protection range is realized, the influence of the coal roadway tunneling outburst prevention measure of the protection coal layer on the protection coal layer is the main reason of the extension of the protection range, the determination of the protection boundary area is realized through the protection coal layer, and the protection of the protection coal layer is realized through the protection boundary area.
It may be appreciated that in other embodiments, in the S2, the range of 15-20m at the periphery of the protection boundary region is the unprotected region, and a through-layer drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole is constructed from the top plate or the bottom plate roadway of the protection coal seam, or a bedding drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole is constructed from the coal roadway of the protection coal seam within the recommended protection range, the drilling hole spacing is kept at 5m×5m as the pre-drainage coal seam gas control measure spacing, and the underground or ground drainage system is used for gas drainage, and when the non-protection region is subjected to drilling drainage treatment, a construction bedding drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole is adopted, or a bedding drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole is constructed from the coal roadway of the protection coal seam within the recommended protection range, and the drilling hole spacing is kept at 5m×5m as the pre-drainage coal seam gas control measure spacing, so as to facilitate gas drainage.
In this embodiment, the protection boundary area is constructed by constructing a through-layer drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole from the top plate or the bottom plate roadway of the protection coal seam, or constructing a sequential drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole from the coal roadway of the protection coal seam within the recommended protection range, wherein the drilling hole spacing is the same as the corresponding gas treatment measure spacing within the recommended protection range, and is kept at 10m×10m, and is accessed into a downhole or ground extraction system to perform gas extraction, the protection boundary area adopts a construction through-layer drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole, or constructs a sequential drilling hole or a directional long drilling hole from the coal roadway of the protection coal seam within the recommended protection range, and the drilling hole spacing is the same as the gas treatment measure spacing of the pre-extraction coal seam, so that gas extraction is facilitated.
In a specific embodiment, when the gas detection in S5 mainly adopts the residual gas content or residual gas pressure test index, the residual gas content or residual gas pressure of the coal seam should be calculated according to the gas extraction and discharge amount in the test unit, and after the required index is reached, the residual gas content or residual gas pressure index is directly measured by the reproduction field, and the test points for measuring the parameters of the gas pressure and gas content of the coal seam are respectively arranged in different geological units according to the actual conditions and conditions such as the range, geological complexity and the like; the number of test points is not less than 2, the number of the test points is not less than 3 along the trend of the coal seam in the same geological unit, the test points are ensured to be arranged at the positions with the largest burial depth and the lowest elevation in the range, after extraction, the gas in the protected boundary area and the unprotected area is required to be detected, and the test points are selected according to different positions for sampling test.
Optionally, the protection boundary area is tested for eliminating the risk of protrusion by using the maximum drilling cuttings amount S when the protection coal layer is in tunneling and coal mining operation max Detecting and calculating a drilling cuttings desorption index K 1 、Δh 2 And the initial velocity q of gas emission from the drill hole m The index is that when the protection coal seam is used for tunneling and coal mining, the protection boundary area needs to be subjected to effect inspection for eliminating the prominent danger, so that the subsequent excavation safety is improved.
The working principle of the gas control method in the protection boundary area is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps of: measuring the protected coal seam by adopting a geophysical prospecting method, and then determining the range of the protected coal seam;
secondly, determining a protected boundary region and an unprotected region: determining a protective boundary area according to the range of the protective coal seam, and determining an unprotected area, so as to accurately position the protective coal seam, the protective boundary area and the unprotected area;
thirdly, performing construction treatment on the protection boundary area: extracting through-layer drilling holes or directional long drilling holes with different parameters for constructing gas in a protected boundary area and gas in an unprotected area in a top plate or bottom plate roadway of a protected coal seam, or extracting sequential drilling holes or directional long drilling holes with different parameters for constructing gas in the protected boundary area and gas in the unprotected area in a roadway of the protected coal seam;
fourthly, performing construction treatment on the unprotected area: the construction interval is small, and the region within 15-20m is controlled;
fifthly, carrying out gas detection on the protection coal bed and the protection boundary area: comprehensively evaluating the gas control effect in the protected coal seam protection boundary area by combining the indexes of the residual gas content, the residual gas pressure, the gas extraction rate, the coal seam permeability coefficient and the drilling gas emission attenuation coefficient;
step six, checking and examining the outburst elimination effect of the protection boundary area during the mining of the protected layer: finally, through the verification of the outburst elimination effect during the protected coal seam mining operation, the detection and investigation of the outburst elimination effect of the protection boundary area are determined.
The above description is only an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for controlling the protection expansion area of the gas exploitation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, measuring a protected coal seam by a geophysical prospecting method: measuring the protected coal seam by adopting a geophysical prospecting method, and then determining the range of the protected coal seam;
s2, determining a protected boundary area and an unprotected area: determining a protective boundary area according to the range of the protective coal seam, and determining an unprotected area, so as to accurately position the protective coal seam, the protective boundary area and the unprotected area;
s3, performing construction treatment on the protection boundary area: extracting through-layer drilling holes or directional long drilling holes with different parameters for constructing gas in a protected boundary area and gas in an unprotected area in a top plate or bottom plate roadway of a protected coal seam, or extracting sequential drilling holes or directional long drilling holes with different parameters for constructing gas in the protected boundary area and gas in the unprotected area in a roadway of the protected coal seam;
s4, performing construction treatment on the unprotected area: the construction interval is small, and the region within 15-20m is controlled;
s5, carrying out gas detection on the protection coal bed and the protection boundary area: comprehensively evaluating the gas control effect in the protected coal seam protection boundary area by combining the indexes of the residual gas content, the residual gas pressure, the gas extraction rate, the coal seam permeability coefficient and the drilling gas emission attenuation coefficient;
s6, checking and examining the outburst elimination effect of the protection boundary area during the mining of the protected layer: finally, through the verification of the outburst elimination effect during the protected coal seam mining operation, the detection and investigation of the outburst elimination effect of the protection boundary area are determined.
2. The method for treating a protection expansion area for gas exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the geophysical prospecting method in S1 is based on physical property differences between underground rock and ore, and a geophysical prospecting instrument is used for observing the distribution of natural or artificial physical fields so as to study geological structures and search underground water sources and mineral products, and the geophysical prospecting method comprises an electric method, a radioactive method, a geothermal method, a magnetic method, a gravitational method, a remote sensing method and an elastic wave test.
3. The method for treating the protection expansion area for gas exploitation according to claim 2, wherein the electric method is characterized in that the electric property difference between rock and ore is utilized to observe and research the space and time distribution rule of an artificial or natural electromagnetic field, the electric property of the rock and the ore mainly comprises resistivity rho, electrochemical activity, dielectric constant epsilon and magnetic permeability mu, the electric method has the characteristics of multiple physical parameters, multiple field sources and device forms, multiple observation elements and wide application range, and the electric method comprises an electric sounding method, an electric profile method, a high-density electric method, a natural electric field method, a charging method, an induced polarization method, an audio magnetotelluric sounding method and a transient electromagnetic method.
4. The method for treating a protection expansion area for gas exploitation according to claim 2, wherein the elastic wave test comprises an acoustic wave method and a seismic wave method, and the acoustic wave method is selected from the group consisting of a single hole acoustic wave, a penetrating acoustic wave, a surface acoustic wave, an acoustic wave reflection and a pulse echo; the seismic wave method selects the seismic logging, the penetrating seismic wave velocity test and the continuous seismic wave velocity test; the elastic wave test method utilizes the fact that the transmission speeds of elastic waves are different among different media, and detection processing is carried out through analysis of the transmission speeds.
5. The method for controlling a protection expansion area for gas exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the protection coal layer in S2 is as follows:
maximum protection vertical distance of lower protection layer: s is S Lower part(s) ＝S' Lower part(s) β 1 β 2 ，
Maximum protection vertical distance of upper protection layer: s is S Upper part ＝S' Upper part β 1 β 2 ，
S 'in' Lower part(s) And S' Upper part The theoretical maximum protection sag distance of the lower protection layer and the upper protection layer is related to the working surface length L and the mining depth H, when L>At 0.3H, l=0.3h, but L must not be greater than 250m;
β 1 for the influence coefficient of the protection layer exploitation, when M is less than or equal to M 0 Beta when it is 1 ＝M/M 0 When M>M 0 Beta when it is 1 ＝1；
M is the mining thickness of the protective layer;
M 0 is the minimum effective thickness of the protective layer;
β 2 the interlayer hard rock content coefficient is expressed as eta, and when eta is more than or equal to 50 percent, beta is expressed as eta 2 =1-0.4 η/100, β when η < 50% 2 ＝1。
6. The method for controlling the protection expansion area of gas exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the determination of the protection expansion area in S2 is that the protection range of the protection coal layer is equal to the exploitation range of the working face of the protection coal layer by the trend pressure relief angle and the trend pressure relief angle of the protection coal layer actually measured on site, that is, the expansion of the protection range is realized, and the influence of the coal roadway tunneling outburst prevention measure of the protection coal layer on the protection coal layer is the main reason for the expansion of the protection range.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the range of 15-20m around the protected boundary area in S2 is the unprotected area, and a through-layer drilling or a directional long drilling is constructed from the top plate or bottom plate roadway of the protected coal seam, or a sequential drilling or a directional long drilling is constructed from the coal roadway of the protected coal seam in the recommended protection range, and the drilling pitch is the same as the pre-drainage coal seam gas control measure pitch, and is kept at 5m×5m, and the method is accessed into a downhole or ground drainage system to conduct gas drainage.
8. The method for controlling a protection extension area for gas exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the protection extension area is used for constructing a layer-penetrating drill hole or a directional long drill hole from a top plate or a bottom plate roadway of the protection coal seam, or a layer-following drill hole or a directional long drill hole from a coal roadway of the protection coal seam in a suggested protection range, the drill hole spacing is the same as the corresponding gas control measure spacing in the suggested protection range, and is kept at 10m×10m, and the protection extension area is connected into a downhole or ground extraction system for gas extraction.
9. The method for controlling the protection expansion area of the gas exploitation according to claim 1, wherein when the gas detection in the step S5 mainly adopts the residual gas content or residual gas pressure test index, the residual gas content or residual gas pressure of the coal bed is calculated according to the gas extraction and discharge amount in the test unit, and the residual gas content or residual gas pressure index is directly measured by the reproduction field after the required index is reached, and test points for measuring the gas pressure and gas content parameters of the coal bed are respectively arranged in different geological units according to the actual conditions and conditions such as the range, the geological complexity and the like; the number of test points is not less than 2 along the trend of the coal bed in the same geological unit, the number of the test points is not less than 3 along the trend, and the test points are ensured to exist at the position with the largest burial depth and the lowest elevation in the range.
10. The method for controlling a protective expansion area for gas exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the effect test for eliminating the protruding danger in the protective expansion area is carried out by using the maximum drilling cuttings amount S when the protective coal seam is tunneled and mined max Detecting and calculating a drilling cuttings desorption index K 1 、Δh 2 And the initial velocity q of gas emission from the drill hole m And (5) an index.
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