CN116874828A - 一种降解母料的制备方法、氧化生物降解购物袋及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种降解母料的制备方法、氧化生物降解购物袋及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于降解塑料技术领域,涉及一种降解母料的制备方法、氧化生物降解购物袋及其制备方法。本发明降解母料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:一种降解母料的制备方法,步骤为:以过渡区金属元素钛、钒、锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、钼以及镁、钙、硅以及其化合物通过纳米技术制备,得到纳米粒子;将所述纳米粒子,通过酸碱反应生产相应的游离态离子,在游离态离子中加入中心离子或原子,形成配合物;以塑料原料作为载体,将所述配合物与塑料原料混合,通过双螺杆挤出机进行挤出造粒,得到降解母料;所述配合物与塑料原料的重量比为1:1。本发明所述降解母料可使聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚苯乙烯等在自然环境下开始氧化‑生物降解,24个月内完全降解。
Description
本申请是申请日为2017年08月16日、申请号为201710703906.3、发明名称为《一种氧化生物降解购物袋的制备方法》的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明属于降解塑料技术领域,具体涉及一种降解母料的制备方法、氧化生物降解购物袋及其制备方法。
背景技术
超市、商场、集贸市场等提供的购物袋基本上都是采用聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯等聚合物材料制成,由于它们难以降解,对生态环境造成严重破坏,威胁着人类生存的空间,人们称之为“白色污染”。这些塑料包装材料在使用后往往被随意丢弃,大量的不可降解性塑料给环境造成了严重污染(被称为“白色污染”),近年来,全球“白色污染”形势日益严峻,成为了继“工业三废”之后的又一严重影响人们生活质量的污染来源。
当今社会追求低碳及低污染生活方式,由于人口增多,购物袋的需求也日益增多,鉴于会引起大量污染,现今已启用环保型购物袋。
氧化生物降解塑料是指其制品的各项性能满足使用要求,在无关、热作用下性能不变,而废弃后一定时期内能降解成对环境无害的物质的塑料。
氧化生物降解塑料有如下特点:1.塑料降解后形状完全消失;2.不影响土壤的亲水结构;3.降解产物为无毒,或能被微生物降解、植物吸收代谢的小分子化合物,如H2O、CO2、小分子有机醇和酸(ROH、RCOOH)等。
发明内容
为了克服背景技术中存在的不足,本发明提出一种降解母料的制备方法、氧化生物降解购物袋及其制备方法,本发明制备的降解母料具有较好的降解效果,采用所述降解母料制备的购物袋完全降解,对环境污染较小。
为了达到上述目的,本发明通过如下技术方案实现的:
一种降解母料的制备方法,步骤为:
以过渡区金属元素钛、钒、锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、钼以及镁、钙、硅以及其化合物通过纳米技术制备,得到纳米粒子;
将所述纳米粒子,通过酸碱反应生产相应的游离态离子,在游离态离子中加入中心离子或原子,形成配合物;
以塑料原料作为载体,将所述配合物与塑料原料混合,通过双螺杆挤出机进行挤出造粒,得到降解母料;所述配合物与塑料原料的重量比为1:1。
本发明提供了一种氧化生物降解购物袋,按质量百分比计,制备原料为:树脂添加剂87~96%、降解母料3.0~10%和TiO21.0~3.0%;所述降解母料为权利要求1所述制备方法制备得到的降解母料;
所述树脂添加剂为低密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、珍珠棉中的一种或几种。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述氧化生物降解购物袋的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
A1、混合:
将树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2混合均匀;
A2、加热熔融:
将步骤A1混合均匀后的原料进行加热熔融,得到混合熔融液;所述加热熔融的温度为165~185℃;
A3、挤出:
将所述混合熔融液经双螺杆挤出机挤出;所述双螺杆挤出机内的温度为165~175℃;
A4、吹膜:
采用单螺杆吹塑机在160~170℃下吹塑成塑料薄膜;
A5、印刷:
在塑料薄膜上印刷图案;
A6、制袋:
通过超声波高频熔接或热封刀热封成三边熔封,一边敞开的内套袋,得到氧化生物降解购物袋。
本发明制备的降解母料作用机理:在堆肥环境中,存在的温度和氧气会引发添加剂攻击聚合物碳链从而使分子断裂,然后这导致:1.直接生物降解组份被微生物消化。2.聚合物链断裂,表面变为亲水性,帮助微生物消化。3.聚合物碎片被微生物消化成H2O、CO2和腐殖质。
与现有技术相比,本发明至少具有以下有益效果之一:
1.本发明的氧化生物降解塑料根据自然环境的特性,在配方中添加降解母料原料组份,能够使得氧化生物降解塑料废弃后,在自然环境下,即可进入氧化降解、生物降解的两个过程中,最终完全降解;
2.通过在配方中加入降解母料,可使聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚苯乙烯等在设定的时间开始氧化-生物降解,在丢弃野外或者填埋地下24个月内达到完全降解;
3.本发明制备工艺简单,无需改变生产设备和工艺;可回收使用,不产生废料;在生产、储存、使用和降解过程中不产生有毒物质(如甲烷等);不影响制品原有性能;提高生产率,特别是对于薄膜和片材产品;在相同机械性能时可适当降低厚度;原材料采用常规材料及天然改性剂;同竞品或直接生物降解产品相比能源投入最低,因为其它产品能耗高达其3倍;少用聚合物,保障自然资源;减少废料(重量只占原重量的10%~20%,体积下降更多);在堆肥中,有助于充养,不影响有用腐殖土的价值。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果更加清楚,对本发明的优选实施例进行详细的说明,以方便技术人员理解。
实施例1
一种氧化生物降解购物袋的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A1、混合:
将树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2混合均匀;
A2、加热熔融:
将步骤A1混合均匀后的原料进行加热熔融,加热熔融的温度为165℃;
A3、挤出:
将加热熔融后的混合熔融液经双螺杆挤出机挤出,双螺杆挤出机内的温度为165℃;
A4、吹膜:
采用单螺杆吹塑机在160℃下吹塑成塑料薄膜;
A5、印刷:
在塑料薄膜上印刷图案;
A6、制袋:
通过超声波高频熔接或热封刀热封成三边熔封,一边敞开的内套袋,即得氧化生物降解购物袋。
本发明制备工艺简单,无需改变生产设备和工艺;可回收使用,不产生废料;在生产、储存、使用和降解过程中不产生有毒物质(如甲烷等);不影响制品原有性能;提高生产率,特别是对于薄膜和片材产品;在相同机械性能时可适当降低厚度;原材料采用常规材料及天然改性剂;同竞品或直接生物降解产品相比能源投入最低,因为其它产品能耗高达其3倍;少用聚合物,保障自然资源;减少废料(重量只占原重量的10%~20%,体积下降更多);在堆肥中,有助于充养,不影响有用腐殖土的价值。
实施例2
一种氧化生物降解购物袋的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A1、混合:
将树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2混合均匀;
A2、加热熔融:
将步骤A1混合均匀后的原料进行加热熔融,加热熔融的温度为175℃;
A3、挤出:
将加热熔融后的混合熔融液经双螺杆挤出机挤出,双螺杆挤出机内的温度为170℃;
A4、吹膜:
采用单螺杆吹塑机在165℃下吹塑成塑料薄膜;
A5、印刷:
在塑料薄膜上印刷图案;
A6、制袋:
通过超声波高频熔接或热封刀热封成三边熔封,一边敞开的内套袋,即得氧化生物降解购物袋。
本发明制备工艺简单,无需改变生产设备和工艺;可回收使用,不产生废料;在生产、储存、使用和降解过程中不产生有毒物质(如甲烷等);不影响制品原有性能;提高生产率,特别是对于薄膜和片材产品;在相同机械性能时可适当降低厚度;原材料采用常规材料及天然改性剂;同竞品或直接生物降解产品相比能源投入最低,因为其它产品能耗高达其3倍;少用聚合物,保障自然资源;减少废料(重量只占原重量的10%~20%,体积下降更多);在堆肥中,有助于充养,不影响有用腐殖土的价值。
实施例3
一种氧化生物降解购物袋的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A1、混合:
将树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2混合均匀;
A2、加热熔融:
将步骤A1混合均匀后的原料进行加热熔融,加热熔融的温度为185℃;
A3、挤出:
将加热熔融后的混合熔融液经双螺杆挤出机挤出,双螺杆挤出机内的温度为175℃;
A4、吹膜:
采用单螺杆吹塑机在170℃下吹塑成塑料薄膜;
A5、印刷:
在塑料薄膜上印刷图案;
A6、制袋:
通过超声波高频熔接或热封刀热封成三边熔封,一边敞开的内套袋,即得氧化生物降解购物袋。
本发明制备工艺简单,无需改变生产设备和工艺;可回收使用,不产生废料;在生产、储存、使用和降解过程中不产生有毒物质(如甲烷等);不影响制品原有性能;提高生产率,特别是对于薄膜和片材产品;在相同机械性能时可适当降低厚度;原材料采用常规材料及天然改性剂;同竞品或直接生物降解产品相比能源投入最低,因为其它产品能耗高达其3倍;少用聚合物,保障自然资源;减少废料(重量只占原重量的10%~20%,体积下降更多);在堆肥中,有助于充养,不影响有用腐殖土的价值。
实施例4
在实施例1~3的基础上,树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2的质量百分比为:树脂添加剂87%、降解母料10%和TiO23.0%,将树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2合理配比,能够使得制备的氧化生物降解购物袋降解率更高。
实施例5
在实施例1~3的基础上,树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2的质量百分比为:树脂添加剂96%、降解母料3.0%和TiO21.0%,将树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2合理配比,能够使得制备的氧化生物降解购物袋降解率更高。
实施例6
在实施例1~3的基础上,树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2的质量百分比为:树脂添加剂91%、降解母料7%和TiO22%,将树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2合理配比,能够使得制备的氧化生物降解购物袋降解率更高。
实施例7
在实施例1~6的基础上,所述的树脂添加剂为低密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚、珍珠棉中的一种或几种的混合物,树脂添加剂的选择,能够增大生产的购物袋的可塑性。
实施例8
在实施例1~7的基础上,所述的填充剂为TiO2,根据制备的颜色不同,填充料可选择其他的。
实施例9
在实施例1~8的基础上,所述的降解母料的制备工艺为:
B1、以过渡区金属元素钛、钒、锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、钼以及硅、镁、钙金属以及其化合物通过纳米技术制备成纳米粒子;
B2、将步骤B1制备的纳米粒子,通过酸碱反应生产相应的游离态离子,在游离态离子中加入中心离子或原子形成配合物;
B3、使用塑料原料作为载体,将步骤2)制备的配合物与塑料原料混合后通过双螺杆挤出机进行挤出造粒。
加入降解母料,可使聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚苯乙烯等在设定的时间开始氧化-生物降解,在丢弃野外或者填埋地下24个月内达到完全降解。
实施例10
在实施例1~9的基础上,降解母料为配合物和塑料原料的共混物,配合物与塑料原料的重量比为1:1,将配合物用塑料原料作为载体,能够增大降解母料的稳定性和在制备购物袋时的均匀度。
实施例11
在实施例1~10的基础上,一种氧化生物降解购物袋,包括以下原料组份:树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2,
一种氧化生物降解购物袋的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A1、混合:
将树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2混合均匀;
A2、加热熔融:
将步骤A1混合均匀后的原料进行加热熔融,加热熔融的温度为165℃;
A3、挤出:
将加热熔融后的混合熔融液经双螺杆挤出机挤出,双螺杆挤出机内的温度为165℃;
A4、吹膜:
采用单螺杆吹塑机在160℃下吹塑成塑料薄膜;
A5、印刷:
在塑料薄膜上印刷图案;
A6、制袋:
通过超声波高频熔接或热封刀热封成三边熔封,一边敞开的内套袋,即得氧化生物降解购物袋。
以上所述的降解母料的制备工艺为:
B1、以过渡区金属元素钛、钒、锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、钼以及硅、镁、钙金属以及其化合物通过纳米技术制备成纳米粒子;
B2、将步骤B1制备的纳米粒子,通过酸碱反应生产相应的游离态离子,在游离态离子中加入中心离子或原子形成配合物;
B3、使用塑料原料作为载体,将步骤B2制备的配合物与塑料原料混合后通过双螺杆挤出机进行挤出造粒。
加入降解母料,可使聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚苯乙烯等在设定的时间开始氧化-生物降解,在丢弃野外或者填埋地下24个月内达到完全降解。
实施例12
在实施例1~11的基础上,一种氧化生物降解购物袋,包括以下质量百分比原料组份:树脂添加剂87%、降解母料10%和TiO23.0%,
一种氧化生物降解购物袋的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A1、混合:
将树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2混合均匀;
A2、加热熔融:
将步骤A1混合均匀后的原料进行加热熔融,加热熔融的温度为175℃;
A3、挤出:
将加热熔融后的混合熔融液经双螺杆挤出机挤出,双螺杆挤出机内的温度为170℃;
A4、吹膜:
采用单螺杆吹塑机在165℃下吹塑成塑料薄膜;
A5、印刷:
在塑料薄膜上印刷图案;
A6、制袋:
通过超声波高频熔接或热封刀热封成三边熔封,一边敞开的内套袋,即得氧化生物降解购物袋。
以上所述的降解母料的制备工艺为:
B1、以过渡区金属元素钛、钒、锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、钼以及硅、镁、钙金属以及其化合物通过纳米技术制备成纳米粒子;
B2、将步骤B1制备的纳米粒子,通过酸碱反应生产相应的游离态离子,在游离态离子中加入中心离子或原子形成配合物;
B3、使用塑料原料作为载体,将步骤B2制备的配合物与塑料原料混合后通过双螺杆挤出机进行挤出造粒。
本发明制备工艺简单,无需改变生产设备和工艺;可回收使用,不产生废料;在生产、储存、使用和降解过程中不产生有毒物质(如甲烷等);不影响制品原有性能;提高生产率,特别是对于薄膜和片材产品;在相同机械性能时可适当降低厚度;原材料采用常规材料及天然改性剂;同竞品或直接生物降解产品相比能源投入最低,因为其它产品能耗高达其3倍;少用聚合物,保障自然资源;减少废料(重量只占原重量的10%~20%,体积下降更多);在堆肥中,有助于充养,不影响有用腐殖土的价值。
实施例13
在实施例1~11的基础上,一种氧化生物降解购物袋,包括以下质量百分比原料组份:树脂添加剂96%、降解母料3.0%和TiO21.0%,
一种氧化生物降解购物袋的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A1、混合:
将树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2混合均匀;
A2、加热熔融:
将步骤A1混合均匀后的原料进行加热熔融,加热熔融的温度为185℃;
A3、挤出:
将加热熔融后的混合熔融液经双螺杆挤出机挤出,双螺杆挤出机内的温度为175℃;
A4、吹膜:
采用单螺杆吹塑机在170℃下吹塑成塑料薄膜;
A5、印刷:
在塑料薄膜上印刷图案;
A6、制袋:
通过超声波高频熔接或热封刀热封成三边熔封,一边敞开的内套袋,即得氧化生物降解购物袋。
以上所述的降解母料的制备工艺为:
B1、以过渡区金属元素钛、钒、锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、钼以及硅、镁、钙金属以及其化合物通过纳米技术制备成纳米粒子;
B2、将步骤B1制备的纳米粒子,通过酸碱反应生产相应的游离态离子,在游离态离子中加入中心离子或原子形成配合物;
B3、使用塑料原料作为载体,将步骤B2制备的配合物与塑料原料混合后通过双螺杆挤出机进行挤出造粒。
本发明制备工艺简单,无需改变生产设备和工艺;可回收使用,不产生废料;在生产、储存、使用和降解过程中不产生有毒物质(如甲烷等);不影响制品原有性能;提高生产率,特别是对于薄膜和片材产品;在相同机械性能时可适当降低厚度;原材料采用常规材料及天然改性剂;同竞品或直接生物降解产品相比能源投入最低,因为其它产品能耗高达其3倍;少用聚合物,保障自然资源;减少废料(重量只占原重量的10%~20%,体积下降更多);在堆肥中,有助于充养,不影响有用腐殖土的价值。
实施例14
在实施例1~11的基础上,一种氧化生物降解购物袋,包括以下质量百分比原料组份:树脂添加剂91%、降解母料7%和TiO22%,
一种氧化生物降解购物袋的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A1、混合:
将树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2混合均匀;
A2、加热熔融:
将步骤A1、混合均匀后的原料进行加热熔融,加热熔融的温度为185℃;
A3、挤出:
将加热熔融后的混合熔融液经双螺杆挤出机挤出,双螺杆挤出机内的温度为175℃;
A4、吹膜:
采用单螺杆吹塑机在170℃下吹塑成塑料薄膜;
A5、印刷:
在塑料薄膜上印刷图案;
A6、制袋:
通过超声波高频熔接或热封刀热封成三边熔封,一边敞开的内套袋,即得氧化生物降解购物袋。
以上所述的降解母料的制备工艺为:
B1、以过渡区金属元素钛、钒、锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、钼以及硅、镁、钙金属以及其化合物通过纳米技术制备成纳米粒子;
B2、将步骤B1制备的纳米粒子,通过酸碱反应生产相应的游离态离子,在游离态离子中加入中心离子或原子形成配合物;
B3、使用塑料原料作为载体,将步骤B2制备的配合物与塑料原料混合后通过双螺杆挤出机进行挤出造粒。
通过在配方中加入降解母料,可使聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚苯乙烯等在设定的时间开始氧化-生物降解,在丢弃野外或者填埋地下24个月内达到完全降解。
最后说明的是,以上优选实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述,但本领域技术人员应当理解,可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变,而不偏离本发明权利要求书所限定的范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种降解母料的制备方法,步骤为:
以过渡区金属元素钛、钒、锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、钼以及镁、钙、硅以及其化合物通过纳米技术制备,得到纳米粒子;
将所述纳米粒子,通过酸碱反应生产相应的游离态离子,在游离态离子中加入中心离子或原子,形成配合物;
以塑料原料作为载体,将所述配合物与塑料原料混合,通过双螺杆挤出机进行挤出造粒,得到降解母料;所述配合物与塑料原料的重量比为1:1。
2.一种氧化生物降解购物袋,按质量百分比计,制备原料为:树脂添加剂87~96%、降解母料3.0~10%和TiO21.0~3.0%;所述降解母料为权利要求1所述制备方法制备得到的降解母料;
所述树脂添加剂为低密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、珍珠棉中的一种或几种。
3.权利要求2所述氧化生物降解购物袋的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
A1、混合:
将树脂添加剂、降解母料和TiO2混合均匀;
A2、加热熔融:
将步骤A1混合均匀后的原料进行加热熔融,得到混合熔融液;所述加热熔融的温度为165~185℃;
A3、挤出:
将所述混合熔融液经双螺杆挤出机挤出;所述双螺杆挤出机内的温度为165~175℃;
A4、吹膜:
采用单螺杆吹塑机在160~170℃下吹塑成塑料薄膜;
A5、印刷:
在塑料薄膜上印刷图案;
A6、制袋:
通过超声波高频熔接或热封刀热封成三边熔封,一边敞开的内套袋,得到氧化生物降解购物袋。
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