CN116872735A - Active discharging system and method for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Active discharging system and method for electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116872735A
CN116872735A CN202310790355.4A CN202310790355A CN116872735A CN 116872735 A CN116872735 A CN 116872735A CN 202310790355 A CN202310790355 A CN 202310790355A CN 116872735 A CN116872735 A CN 116872735A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
voltage
unit
low
discharge
power supply
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Pending
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CN202310790355.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
顾杰
宋天才
焦民胜
刘健
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Jee Automation Equipment Shanghai Co ltd
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Jee Automation Equipment Shanghai Co ltd
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Priority to CN202310790355.4A priority Critical patent/CN116872735A/en
Publication of CN116872735A publication Critical patent/CN116872735A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and discloses an active discharging system and method of an electric vehicle, wherein the system comprises a low-voltage MCU unit, an isolation unit, a high-voltage detection unit, an emergency power supply unit, a delay power supply unit, a logic management unit, a driving unit and a load unit, and all the units form a system circuit. According to the invention, by designing the isolation unit, effective active discharge logic is executed during normal low-voltage power supply, the abnormal state of the low-voltage side can be accurately diagnosed during abnormal low-voltage power failure, and the high-voltage side discharge logic is triggered, so that the structure is simple and reliable; according to the invention, through the design of the delay circuit unit, 200ms of discharge logic delay time is generated after the low voltage is powered down, so that enough time is reserved for the complete disconnection of the high-voltage contactor of the whole vehicle. The high-voltage contactor is prevented from being actively discharged due to incomplete disconnection, and unexpected results are caused by a discharge resistor and a discharge MOS tube.

Description

Active discharging system and method for electric vehicle
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to an active discharging system and method of an electric vehicle.
Background
With the rapid development of the modern electric automobile technology, the voltage and the safety level of the electric automobile are higher and higher, and the safety protection requirements under the fault state are also more and more severe. Under the working condition that the automobile collides or has an extreme fault, the controller is required to complete the discharge of the charges in the bus capacitor within a specified time, and meanwhile, the attenuation influence on the performance of the controller is avoided. At present, the measures adopted by the electric control product for discharging the bus capacitor have three strategy guarantees of passive discharging, general active power generation and emergency active discharging, so that the safety requirement of the system can be met under normal discharging working conditions and abnormal discharging working conditions. At present, the passive discharge of the controller mostly adopts a mode of connecting a discharge resistor in series on a high-voltage bus to generate certain continuous power consumption. The general active discharge is controlled by adopting a low-voltage MCU (micro control unit) to perform algorithm control, and the rapid discharge is performed through a motor winding. The emergency active discharge is usually in the form of a discharge resistor series control switch, and when the active discharge needs to be executed, a closed switch logic is executed so as to realize the rapid discharge of the charge of the bus capacitor.
At present, when the power supply of the low-voltage side is normal, the emergency active discharging scheme of the controller can realize the execution of the active discharging logic through the low-voltage MCU, and can realize the execution of the active discharging logic when the low-voltage side is normal through the on-line monitoring of the bus voltage. However, when the low voltage is abnormally powered down, the low voltage side power supply is managed by the high voltage side emergency power supply logic so as to perform active discharging. In the switching process of the whole vehicle high-voltage contactor, a certain delay time is required for the high-voltage contactor to be completely disconnected. The active discharge is carried out under the condition that the high-voltage contactor is not completely disconnected, so that the discharge resistor and the discharge mos tube generate unexpected results, the high voltage of the high-voltage bus terminal cannot be discharged, and huge hidden danger is brought to personnel safety.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one problem in the background art, the invention provides an active discharging system and method of an electric vehicle.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electric vehicle active discharge system comprising:
the load unit is provided with a switch tube and is connected with the positive and negative buses;
the two ends of the high-voltage power supply line are respectively connected with the positive and negative buses, and are provided with an emergency power supply unit and a logic management unit which are connected in series;
one end of the low-voltage discharging line is connected with the low-voltage MCU unit, the other end of the low-voltage discharging line is connected with the switching tube, and the low-voltage discharging line is provided with an isolation unit, the logic management unit and a driving unit which are sequentially connected in series;
one end of the high-voltage detection unit is connected with the positive bus, and the other end of the high-voltage detection unit is connected with the isolation unit;
and the delay circuit unit is respectively connected with the emergency power supply unit, the logic management unit and the isolation unit.
Preferably, the load unit comprises several parallel branches;
wherein at least one branch is provided with a capacitor;
at least one branch is provided with a resistor and the switching tube which are connected in series;
at least one of the branches is provided with a resistor and a diode connected in series.
Preferably, the load unit is provided with three parallel branches;
wherein, the first branch is provided with a capacitor;
the second branch is provided with a resistor and the switching tube which are connected in series;
the third branch is provided with a resistor and a zener diode connected in series.
Preferably, a voltage stabilizing node is arranged between the resistor and the voltage stabilizing diode, and the driving unit and the switching tube are both connected with the voltage stabilizing node.
Preferably, the driving unit is further connected to a bus bar negative electrode.
An electric motor car main discharging method is used for the electric motor car main discharging system and comprises the following steps:
when the low voltage is powered down, the low voltage MCU unit executes a discharge abnormality diagnosis signal;
detecting voltage information of the positive and negative buses through a high-voltage detection unit;
transmitting voltage information through the isolation unit;
if the voltage of the positive and negative buses drops to the target voltage, the low-voltage discharge circuit is electrified, and the high-voltage power supply circuit is turned off;
on the contrary, the low-voltage discharging line is turned off, and the high-voltage power supply line is electrified.
Preferably, the target voltage is a rated voltage of a low-voltage discharge line.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
before the low voltage is powered down, an active discharging execution signal is transmitted through the low voltage MCU unit, so that a low voltage discharging circuit is electrified;
the high voltage power supply line is energized.
Preferably, when the low voltage is powered down, the low voltage discharge circuit comprises the following steps before being electrified:
transmitting voltage information to the delay circuit unit through the isolation unit;
and delaying the drop of the voltage of the positive and negative buses in a set time through a delay circuit unit.
Preferably, the set time is 200ms.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, by designing the isolation unit, effective active discharge logic is executed during normal low-voltage power supply, the abnormal state of the low-voltage side can be accurately diagnosed during abnormal low-voltage power failure, and the high-voltage side discharge logic is triggered, so that the structure is simple and reliable in implementation form.
2. According to the invention, by designing the high-voltage side high-voltage detection unit, the potential state of the high-voltage side bus voltage can be monitored in real time in the discharging process, and the risk that the high-voltage discharging does not reach the standard safety voltage is prevented.
3. According to the invention, through the design of the delay circuit unit, 200ms of discharge logic delay time is generated after the low voltage is powered down, so that enough time is reserved for the complete disconnection of the high-voltage contactor of the whole vehicle. The high-voltage contactor is prevented from being actively discharged due to incomplete disconnection, and unexpected results are caused by a discharge resistor and a discharge MOS tube.
4. The invention can realize stable power supply for the whole set of active discharging logic at the high voltage side after the low voltage is powered down through the emergency power supply unit.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle main discharge system of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a normal discharge execution flow waveform chart of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a waveform diagram of a low voltage power down execution flow of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The main electric discharge system of the electric motor car comprises a low-voltage MCU unit, an isolation unit, a high-voltage detection unit, an emergency power supply unit, a delay power supply unit, a logic management unit, a driving unit and a load unit, wherein each unit forms a system circuit, and the specific steps are as follows:
in fig. 1, a switching tube is provided in a load unit, and both ends are connected to a positive bus and a negative bus. Then the emergency power supply unit and the logic management unit are connected in series to form a high-voltage power supply circuit, and two ends of the circuit are respectively connected with the positive bus and the negative bus. In addition, the isolation unit, the logic management unit and the driving unit form a low-voltage discharging circuit, one end of the low-voltage discharging circuit is connected with the low-voltage MCU unit, and the other end of the low-voltage discharging circuit is connected with the switching tube. And one end of the high-voltage detection unit is connected with the positive bus, and the other end of the high-voltage detection unit is connected with the isolation unit. And the delay circuit unit is respectively connected with the emergency power supply unit, the logic management unit and the isolation unit, and the driving unit is also connected with the negative electrode of the bus.
The low-voltage MCU unit executes the internal active discharge logic of the low-voltage side MCU, and can transmit reliable active discharge execution signals and discharge abnormality diagnosis functions under the condition that the low-voltage side (the side of the negative bus) is powered normally. The high-voltage detection unit can realize the monitoring in the active discharge process, is transmitted to the low-voltage MCU by the isolation unit, and can monitor the potential state of the bus voltage at the high-voltage side (the positive bus side) in real time. The isolation unit adopts an isolation chip to realize the function of isolating and transmitting low-voltage discharge signals to high voltage, and can effectively transmit low-voltage side discharge signal control logic when the low-voltage side power supply is normal, and can maintain a default design state when the low-voltage side power supply is abnormal, so that the high-voltage side active discharge logic management unit is enabled.
It should be further noted that, the delay circuit unit is used as a high-voltage side delay logic unit, and is capable of receiving a discharge instruction at the low-voltage side after the low-voltage is powered down, and transmitting the delay setting time of the discharge instruction to the logic management unit for coordination and integration. And finally outputting the actual active discharge logic signal of the high-voltage side to the driving unit. The logic management unit is mainly responsible for main logic management work of active discharge of the high-voltage side, receives a discharge instruction output by the low-voltage side, coordinates and integrates all input signals of a high-voltage delay circuit high control signal and a low-voltage discharge signal of the isolation unit, and finally outputs an actual active discharge logic signal of the high-voltage side to the driving unit. In addition, the emergency power supply unit receives the high-voltage side bus voltage to perform power supply conversion, and the purpose of stably supplying power to the whole set of active discharging logic on the high-voltage side after the low-voltage power is lost is achieved. The driving unit receives the output signal of the logic management unit, outputs the switch signal driven by the MOS tube (switch tube) to perform active discharge, receives power supply of a high-voltage side, and can maintain an active discharge state after low-voltage power failure.
Further, the load unit comprises a plurality of parallel branches, wherein at least one branch is provided with a capacitor; at least one branch is provided with a resistor and a switching tube which are connected in series; at least one of the branches is provided with a resistor and a diode connected in series.
It should be noted that, direct current voltage is applied to the positive and negative bus connected with the load unit, the upper side in fig. 1 is the positive side of the bus, the lower side is the negative side of the bus, in addition, dc+ in fig. 1 is the positive pole of the direct current voltage, DC-is the negative pole of the direct current voltage, and the power supply network is independently designed on the high voltage side through the direct current voltage, so that after the low voltage is powered down, the high voltage side discharging logic and the driving unit can operate reliably and continuously, and the high voltage safety of the whole vehicle is ensured.
Further, in fig. 1, the load unit is provided with three parallel branches in total; wherein, the first branch is provided with a capacitor; the second branch is provided with a resistor and a switching tube which are connected in series; the third branch is provided with a resistor and a zener diode connected in series. In addition, a voltage stabilizing node is arranged between the resistor of the second branch circuit and the voltage stabilizing diode, and the driving unit and the switching tube are connected with the voltage stabilizing node.
An electric motor car main discharging method is used for the electric motor car main discharging system and comprises the following steps:
before the low voltage is powered down, an active discharging execution signal is transmitted through the low voltage MCU unit, so that a low voltage discharging circuit is electrified;
energizing a high voltage power supply line
When the low voltage is powered down, the low voltage MCU unit executes a discharge abnormality diagnosis signal;
detecting voltage information of the positive and negative buses through a high-voltage detection unit;
transmitting voltage information through the isolation unit;
if the voltage of the positive and negative buses drops to the target voltage (namely the rated voltage of the low-voltage discharge line), the low-voltage discharge line is electrified, and the high-voltage power supply line is turned off;
on the contrary, the low-voltage discharging line is turned off, and the high-voltage power supply line is electrified.
Further, when the low voltage is powered down, the low voltage discharge circuit comprises the following steps before being electrified:
transmitting voltage information to the delay circuit unit through the isolation unit;
the drop of the positive and negative bus voltage is delayed within a set time (optionally 200 ms) by a delay circuit unit.
Before the low voltage is powered down, the current at the low voltage side flows to the isolation unit, the logic management unit and the driving unit through the low voltage MCU unit. When the low voltage is powered down, the voltage MCU unit can detect abnormal discharge, then the voltage of the positive bus is obtained through the high voltage detection unit, if the voltage is in a high level, the isolation unit can transmit a control signal to the delay circuit unit, then the delay circuit unit can delay for 200ms to wait for voltage drop of the positive bus, and after the voltage drop, the emergency power supply unit can supply power to the delay circuit unit, the logic management unit and the driving unit.
It should be further noted that, when the active discharge is performed, the signal timing of the high voltage side (the positive bus side) of the present invention can be specifically described as follows with reference to fig. 2.
1) Stage t0 to t 1:
at time t0, the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side are in a normal power supply state, the level state of the delay circuit unit is a normally low non-triggered delay logic, the high-voltage side receives a discharge enabling signal of the low-voltage MCU unit, so that the high-voltage side control logic signal is subjected to level inversion, and the bus voltage is not changed due to the fact that the high-voltage main contactor is not disconnected.
2) Stage t 1:
at time t1, the high-voltage side receives a low-voltage side active discharge signal instruction, and the low-voltage MCU unit received by the high-voltage side sends a discharge abnormality diagnosis signal, so that the level change occurs, and a driving unit is used. As the main contactor is fully opened, the bus voltage drops rapidly to the safe voltage. The low voltage detection unit is at a high level, and the low voltage MCU unit is identified as a continuous discharge state.
As shown in fig. 3, a low voltage power down execution timing chart is shown as follows:
stage t0 to t 1:
the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the stage t0 are both in a normal power supply state, the discharge enabling signal of the high-voltage side is also in a non-enabling stage, the discharge enabling signal is not output, the driving unit does not execute discharge logic, the resistor is in an idle state, the bus voltage maintains a given value unchanged at the moment, and the low-voltage MCU identifies the stages from the non-discharge state t1 to t 2:
at the stage t1, the low-voltage sides are in a low-voltage power-down state, and low-voltage power supply is provided by an emergency power supply unit. The low voltage is powered down to trigger the delay signal of the delay circuit unit, and the driving logic is controlled by the delay signal to perform delay for 200ms and then discharge. At this time, the discharging instruction of the low-voltage MCU unit is in an enabling state, the high-voltage side receives the discharging instruction and then performs level overturning, and the bus voltage is not changed due to the fact that the high-voltage contactor is not disconnected, so that the low-voltage MCU unit is identified as in an undischarged state.
3) After the t2 stage:
the low-voltage sides of t2 are in a low-voltage power-down state, and low-voltage power supply is provided by an emergency power supply unit. The delayed turn-on logic rises to a high level after a 200ms delay. Since the main contactor is opened, the bus voltage drops at this time, and the discharge signal level is inverted. The high voltage detection unit is at a low level, and the low voltage MCU is identified as a continuous discharge state.
In the invention, the logic unit circuit of active discharge is built at the high-voltage side, so that the traditional low-voltage active discharge is functionally upgraded, the self-protection function of abnormal discharge and the rapid and effective maintenance function of normal discharge can be realized by a complete set of hardware discharge logic at the high-voltage side after the low-voltage power failure, the invention has the advantages of high logic adaptability, low design cost and the like, and the invention can generate 200ms discharge logic delay time when the low-voltage power failure occurs, thereby reserving enough time for the complete disconnection of the high-voltage contactor of the whole vehicle. The active discharge caused by incomplete disconnection of the high-voltage contactor is prevented, and unexpected results are generated on the discharge resistor and the discharge MOS tube (switch tube). And can effectively meet the strict high-voltage safety requirement of active discharge.
When the low-voltage side is abnormally powered down, the controller can carry out emergency power supply backup and drive logic management by the high-voltage side, and a 200ms discharge logic delay time is generated after the low-voltage power down, so that enough time is reserved for completely disconnecting the high-voltage contactor of the whole vehicle. The high-voltage contactor is not completely disconnected to perform active discharge, so that unexpected results are generated by the discharge resistor and the discharge MOS tube. When the main contactor is completely disconnected after 200ms delay, the continuous discharging state can be switched to realize quick charge discharging, so that the whole vehicle is reliable and safe to operate.
Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An electric vehicle active discharge system, comprising:
the load unit is provided with a switch tube and is connected with the positive and negative buses;
the two ends of the high-voltage power supply line are respectively connected with the positive and negative buses, and are provided with an emergency power supply unit and a logic management unit which are connected in series;
one end of the low-voltage discharging line is connected with the low-voltage MCU unit, the other end of the low-voltage discharging line is connected with the switching tube, and the low-voltage discharging line is provided with an isolation unit, the logic management unit and a driving unit which are sequentially connected in series;
one end of the high-voltage detection unit is connected with the positive bus, and the other end of the high-voltage detection unit is connected with the isolation unit;
and the delay circuit unit is respectively connected with the emergency power supply unit, the logic management unit and the isolation unit.
2. The electric vehicle active discharge system of claim 1, wherein the load unit comprises a plurality of parallel branches;
wherein at least one branch is provided with a capacitor;
at least one branch is provided with a resistor and the switching tube which are connected in series;
at least one of the branches is provided with a resistor and a diode connected in series.
3. An electric vehicle main discharge system according to claim 2, wherein the load unit is provided with three parallel branches;
wherein, the first branch is provided with a capacitor;
the second branch is provided with a resistor and the switching tube which are connected in series;
the third branch is provided with a resistor and a zener diode connected in series.
4. A system for electrically driving a discharge device according to claim 3, wherein a voltage stabilizing node is provided between said resistor and said voltage stabilizing diode, and said driving unit and said switching tube are both connected to said voltage stabilizing node.
5. An electric vehicle active discharge system according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the drive unit is further connected to a bus bar cathode.
6. An electric vehicle active discharge method for the electric vehicle active discharge system of any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
when the low voltage is powered down, the low voltage MCU unit executes a discharge abnormality diagnosis signal;
detecting voltage information of the positive and negative buses through a high-voltage detection unit;
transmitting voltage information through the isolation unit;
if the voltage of the positive and negative buses drops to the target voltage, the low-voltage discharge circuit is electrified, and the high-voltage power supply circuit is turned off;
on the contrary, the low-voltage discharging line is turned off, and the high-voltage power supply line is electrified.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the target voltage is a rated voltage of a low-voltage discharge line.
8. The method of electric vehicle active discharge of claim 6, comprising the steps of:
before the low voltage is powered down, an active discharging execution signal is transmitted through the low voltage MCU unit, so that a low voltage discharging circuit is electrified;
the high voltage power supply line is energized.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the low voltage discharge circuit comprises the following steps before the low voltage power down:
transmitting voltage information to the delay circuit unit through the isolation unit;
and delaying the drop of the voltage of the positive and negative buses in a set time through a delay circuit unit.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the set time is 200ms.
CN202310790355.4A 2023-06-29 2023-06-29 Active discharging system and method for electric vehicle Pending CN116872735A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310790355.4A CN116872735A (en) 2023-06-29 2023-06-29 Active discharging system and method for electric vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310790355.4A CN116872735A (en) 2023-06-29 2023-06-29 Active discharging system and method for electric vehicle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116872735A true CN116872735A (en) 2023-10-13

Family

ID=88270781

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310790355.4A Pending CN116872735A (en) 2023-06-29 2023-06-29 Active discharging system and method for electric vehicle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116872735A (en)

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