CN116854457B - Transparent ceramic plate with glass refractive index and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Transparent ceramic plate with glass refractive index and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116854457B CN116854457B CN202310845901.XA CN202310845901A CN116854457B CN 116854457 B CN116854457 B CN 116854457B CN 202310845901 A CN202310845901 A CN 202310845901A CN 116854457 B CN116854457 B CN 116854457B
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- refractive index
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002987 primer (paints) Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010020 roller printing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 30
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 27
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- VQFRLYRLYWAVAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ba].[Na].[K] Chemical compound [Ba].[Na].[K] VQFRLYRLYWAVAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C04B35/19—Alkali metal aluminosilicates, e.g. spodumene
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Abstract
The invention relates to a transparent ceramic plate with glass refractive index and a preparation method thereof. The weight percentage of the transparent ceramic plate blank is as follows: 20-30% of high-potassium frit, 15-20% of high-purity potassium feldspar, 3-6% of potassium zeolite, 5-10% of lithium bentonite, 10-20% of water-washed kaolin, 5-10% of diatomite, 5-10% of finely ground quartz powder, 3-6% of barium carbonate, 1-5% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 3-6% of wollastonite, 0-5% of calcined talcum, 0-5% of calcite, 0.5-2.0% of green body reinforcing agent and 0.3-1.0% of dispergator. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the formula with water, and ball milling to obtain green body slurry; removing iron from the slurry and sieving; spraying the slurry to prepare powder to obtain powder; molding the powder by pressing; fifthly, drying the blank to obtain a dried blank; performing surface decoration on the dried green body; coating the bottom slurry of the green body; firing the blank at high temperature; polishing and edging the product to obtain the light-transmitting ceramic plate with low water absorption and glass refractive index.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramics, and particularly relates to a light-transmitting ceramic plate with a glass refractive index and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ceramic plate has been a new track developed in the ceramic building industry because of its beautiful decoration, superior performance and wide application range. Compared with the common ceramic tile, the ceramic tile has the advantages of large size, less paving seams for home decoration, strong overall feeling, and outstanding processing performance of products, can be applied to the fields of ground, wall surfaces, door panels, tea tables and the like, and is deeply favored by wide consumption as soon as the ceramic tile is pushed out of the market. Meanwhile, the thickness of the product is thinner than that of a common ceramic tile, so that the load of a building can be reduced, the building space can be saved, the exhaust emission can be reduced, and the product meets the environment-friendly idea advocated by the nation, so that enterprises strive to develop a new product of the product. The transparent ceramic plate is a representative new product in the field, and can give exquisite and transparent jade visual effect to people due to the processing performance and the decoration effect of the conventional ceramic plate, break through the application boundary of the conventional ceramic tiles, the common conventional rock plates and the stone, and provide wider creation space for building design.
The glass is transparent, and is mainly single-phase in terms of crystal structure, and light absorption and scattering after incidence are small, light is easy to pass through, loss is small, so that the glass has good light transmittance. However, since ceramics are multiphase substances, it is difficult to achieve a single phase, it is necessary to make the refractive index of each phase as close as possible and to make the refractive index difference from the main phase as small as possible in order to achieve transparency. The main phase of the ceramic is a glass phase, and the refractive index is between 1.48 and 1.54, so that the refractive index of other phases of the ceramic plate is closer to that of the glass phase, the birefringence is smaller, and the light transmittance of the product is better.
Most of crystals in the phase of the existing transparent ceramic plate have refractive indexes above 1.56, and meanwhile, the ceramic plate also contains a plurality of substances with high refractive indexes such as mullite, and the substances have larger difference with the refractive index of the glass phase of the main object phase of the ceramic body, so that the light transmittance of the product is directly influenced, and the transparent ceramic plate produced by the prior art has the problem of insufficient light transmittance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a low-water-absorption transparent ceramic plate with glass refractive index, which has excellent processability of conventional ceramic plates, outstanding light-transmitting effect and better product strength, and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the transparent ceramic plate with the glass refractive index is characterized in that a green body of the transparent ceramic plate consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 20-30% of high-potassium frit, 15-20% of high-purity potassium feldspar, 3-6% of potassium zeolite, 5-10% of lithium bentonite, 10-20% of water-washed kaolin, 5-10% of diatomite, 5-10% of finely ground quartz powder, 3-6% of barium carbonate, 1-5% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 3-6% of wollastonite, 0-5% of calcined talcum, 0-5% of calcite, 0.5-2.0% of green body reinforcing agent and 0.3-1.0% of dispergator.
The high-potassium frit, the high-purity potassium feldspar and the potassium zeolite in the formula contain rich potassium ions and pass through K 2 O and SiO 2 And Ai 2 O 3 The transparent feldspar is generated by reaction during high-temperature sintering, is a rare variety in potassium feldspar, has good chemical stability and high light transmittance, ensures that the prepared transparent ceramic plate has good light transmittance effect and light transmittance of more than 40%, and increases the decoration of the ceramic plate; meanwhile, the transparent feldspar crystal phase formed after high-temperature sintering can reduce the expansion coefficient, effectively solve the brick type deformation defect in the sintering process and promote the rapid sintering of the blank; the transparency of the body is related to the difference between the crystalline phase of the body and the refractive index of the glass phase; the refractive index of the transparent feldspar crystal phase is close to that of the glass phase, so that the transparency of the blank body is obviously improved; by a means ofThe potassium zeolite has the characteristics of porous network structure and small particles, and the introduction of the potassium zeolite can not only improve the potassium content in the formula and the transparency of the transparent ceramic plate, but also be beneficial to enhancing the plasticity of the blank body of the transparent ceramic plate.
As preferable: the high-potassium frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: siO (SiO) 2 60.93％、Al 2 O 3 13.70％、Fe 2 O 3 0.08％、CaO 2.98％、MgO 0.18％、K 2 O 15.91％、Na 2 O 2.69％、BaO 3.46％，TiO 2 0.04％、Loss 0.03％。
The high-potassium frit disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the raw material purity is high, the impurity is less, the reactivity is improved after the frit is prepared by high-temperature firing, and the frit is beneficial to rapidly participating in the reaction after the formula is introduced to generate the transparent feldspar and the glass phase substance; for glass phase, glass phase K + The refractive index value of the ion is obviously higher than that of Na + Refractive index of ions (RK + ＝8.25，RNa + =4.75), so K 2 O is more beneficial to improving the transmittance of the green body; at the same time K + Ion radius (133 pm) to Na + Ion radius (97 pm) is large, K -O Bond ratio Na -O Bond strength and weakness, thus K + Ion relative to Na + Ion pair Si -O The bond strength of the bond has less influence, and the change of the glass network structure is also less influenced; the high-potassium frit is melted into the glass of the growing stone at high temperature and is filled among the green brick particles, so that quartz minerals can be dissolved, air holes in the green brick are reduced, the green brick is compact, and the strength and the transparency of the transparent ceramic plate are improved; the viscosity of the potassium feldspar molten glass phase is 5 times that of the albite molten glass phase, and the viscosity of the potassium feldspar glass phase is reduced to be far smaller than that of the albite glass phase along with the temperature rise, namely the deformation resistance of the ceramic body containing the potassium feldspar is far higher than that of the ceramic body containing the albite.
As preferable: the high-purity potassium feldspar, K 2 O content is more than 13%, fe 2 O 3 The content is less than 0.1 percent, tiO 2 The content is less than 0.05 percent.
The high-purity potassium feldspar iron and titanium used in the formula disclosed by the invention have low impurity content and small influence on whiteness, and are beneficial to improving the light transmittance of a blank.
As preferable: the particle diameter D50 of the lithium bentonite particles is less than 0.5 mu m, fe 2 O 3 The content is less than 0.15%, and the whiteness is more than 65 ℃; the water-washed kaolin Fe 2 O 3 The content is less than 0.10 percent, and the whiteness is more than 70 degrees; the particle diameter of the finely ground quartz powder is D50 between 7 and 10 mu m, fe 2 O 3 The content is less than 0.1 percent; the blank reinforcing agent is one or a combination of more of polyvinyl alcohol solution and polyvinyl amide; the dispergator comprises one or more of sodium tripolyphosphate, water glass, sodium metasilicate, sodium hexametaphosphate and polycarboxylic acid.
As preferable: the diatomite is refined diatomite treated by a scrubbing method or an acid leaching method, the grain diameter is 1-10 mu m, and Fe 2 O 3 The content is 0.15 to 0.20 percent, and the pH value is 7 to 8.
The diatomite is a silicon-containing plastic large melting furnace, and can be substituted into a formula to improve the light transmission performance, enhance the plasticity of a light-transmitting ceramic plate blank body and be beneficial to improving the forming performance of products.
As preferable: the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is liquid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, P 2 O 5 The mass percentage content is more than 30 percent, fe 2 O 3 The mass percentage content is less than 0.01 percent, and the specific gravity is 1.46 to 1.48.
The aluminum phosphate enters in a liquid state, so that the transparency of a blank body can be improved more than that of a solid state; the aluminum phosphate gradually changes into a liquid phase from a crystalline state at 1000-1200 ℃, and after entering a blank, the aluminum phosphate has low refractive index, and the light scattering exists between the aluminum phosphate and the silicate due to the addition of phosphate and silicate phase separation, so that the refractive index difference is very small; meanwhile, the liquid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate wraps the crystal interface, so that micro-pores can be reduced, the density of the green body is improved, and the ferric oxide and phosphate radical form six-coordination groups, so that the coloring of the green body is reduced, the whiteness of the ceramic plate green body can be improved, and the transmittance of the green body can be enhanced from multiple aspects due to the introduction of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate in the formula.
The preparation method of the low-water-absorption transparent ceramic plate with the glass refractive index is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
mixing high-potassium frit, lithium bentonite, water-washed kaolin, diatomite, potassium zeolite, finely ground quartz powder, high-purity potassium feldspar, barium carbonate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, a green body reinforcing agent, a dispergator and water, and performing ball milling to obtain green body slurry;
secondly, deironing and sieving the slurry;
thirdly, spraying the slurry subjected to iron removal and sieving to prepare powder, so as to obtain powder;
pressing and forming the powder;
fifthly, drying the formed blank to obtain a dried blank;
performing surface decoration on the dried green body;
coating the surface-decorated blank with bottom slurry;
firing the blank body coated with the primer at high temperature;
polishing and edging the fired product to obtain the light-transmitting ceramic plate with low water absorption and glass refractive index.
As preferable: the water content of the blank slurry obtained by ball milling is 35% -40%; secondly, removing iron from the slurry, wherein an electromagnetic iron removing machine with the field intensity of a ferric absorbing medium being more than or equal to 20000Gs is used, and a plurality of series or parallel combination modes are adopted; the screen allowance of the slurry after being screened by a 325-mesh screen is 0.5-1.0%; according to the spray powder preparation method, a nozzle plate combination with the aperture of 1.0-1.8 mm is used, the atomization pressure is 2-3 MPa, the grain composition of the obtained powder is that the grain composition of the powder is that the grain composition of a 20-mesh sieve accounts for 3-6%, the grain composition of the powder between 20 meshes and 40 meshes accounts for 20-25%, the grain composition of the powder between 40 meshes and 60 meshes accounts for 35-40%, the grain composition of the powder between 60 meshes and 80 meshes accounts for 20-25%, and the grain composition of the powder below 80 meshes accounts for 4-8%.
As preferable: step four, the press molding is carried out by adopting a SYSTEM belt type or SACMI roller type non-mold molding press, and the maximum press pressure is 400Kg/cm 2 The thickness of the back grain of the green brick is 0.15 mm-0.20 mm; fifthly, drying for 80-100 minutes; dryResidual moisture of the dried green body is less than or equal to 0.5 percent; the primer coating is carried out by using alumina or magnesia primer, using stamp ink as flux for primer processing to carry out ball milling modulation, the specific gravity is 1.2-1.3, and the primer coating is carried out by adopting a roller printing mode, wherein the coating amount is 30-60 g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The kiln is used for high-temperature sintering, the length of the kiln is more than 400m, the width of the kiln is 2.2m, the sintering temperature is 1200-1250 ℃, the sintering time is 100-120 minutes, and the water absorption rate of the sintered product is less than or equal to 0.1%; and polishing the fired product in the step.
As preferable: the polishing comprises polishing of the bottom of the brick and polishing of the decorative surface; the polishing process parameters of the brick bottom are as follows: the polishing pressure of the polishing machine is 0.3-0.6 Mpa, the polishing speed is 10-15 m/min, and the polishing grinding blocks are matched as follows: 10-15 groups of 100-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 15-25 groups of 300-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 15-20 groups of 600-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 5-10 groups of 1000-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 5-10 groups of 1500-mesh elastic grinding blocks and polishing cutting amount of 0.1-0.2 mm; the polishing process parameters of the decorative surface are as follows: the polishing pressure of the polishing machine is 0.1-0.4 Mpa, the polishing speed is 10-15 m/min, and the polishing grinding blocks are matched as follows: 5-10 groups of 300-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 15-23 groups of 400-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 10-25 groups of 600-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 5-10 groups of 800-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 5-10 groups of 1000-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 5-10 groups of 1500-mesh elastic grinding blocks and 5-10 groups of 2000-mesh elastic grinding blocks, wherein the polishing cutting amount of the 5-10 groups of 2000-mesh elastic grinding blocks is 0.1-0.3 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts K 2 O-Na 2 O-BaO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 The system formula is sintered at high temperature, and the generated crystal phase is consistent with the main phase refractive index of the ceramic plate (the refractive index is between 1.48 and 1.54, and the double refractive index is below 0.01) and contains less substances with high refractive index, so that the product has high compactness and low water absorption (the water absorption is below 0.1%), and therefore, the product has excellent processability of the conventional ceramic plate, outstanding light transmission effect and better product strength and toughness.
According to the invention, the high-potassium frit, the high-purity potassium feldspar and the potassium zeolite are introduced into the formula, so that K is utilized 2 O and SiO 2 And Ai 2 O 3 The reaction generates penetration during high temperature sinteringThe feldspar enables the light transmittance of the transparent ceramic plate to be more than 40%, and meanwhile, the transparent feldspar crystalline phase formed after high-temperature sintering can reduce the expansion coefficient, effectively solve deformation defects in the sintering process, promote the rapid sintering of a green body, enable the refractive index of the transparent feldspar crystalline phase to be close to that of a glass phase, obviously improve the transparency of the green body, enable high-potassium frit to be melted into a glass of a growing stone at high temperature, fill between green brick particles, dissolve other minerals such as quartz, reduce air holes in green bricks and improve the compactness of the green bricks; in addition, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate liquid is introduced into the green body, so that the refractive index difference can be reduced, the density and whiteness of the green body can be improved, and the light transmittance of the green body can be enhanced from multiple aspects, so that the light-transmitting ceramic plate has stronger mechanical strength and better light-transmitting function.
According to the invention, by utilizing the characteristics of porous network structure and small particles of potassium zeolite and diatomite, the content of potassium and silicon is improved by introducing the potassium zeolite and diatomite into the formula, the transparency of the transparent ceramic plate is improved, and the plasticity of a blank body of the transparent ceramic plate is enhanced.
After the front and back polishing treatment, the transparent ceramic plate prepared by the invention has smooth and clean surface, good transparent effect and light transmittance of the product of more than 68%, enhances the decoration of the ceramic brick, improves the grade of the product, and can better meet the demands of consumers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of a light-transmitting ceramic plate prepared by the method of example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2A is a graph showing a comparison of light transmitting effects of the light transmitting ceramic plate prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention and fig. 2B;
fig. 3A is a graph showing the comparison of the light transmitting effect of the light transmitting ceramic plates prepared in comparative example 3 of the present invention and fig. 3B;
fig. 4A is a graph showing the bottom effect comparison of the transparent ceramic plate prepared in comparative example 4 of fig. 4B and example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a detection report of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to examples below:
example 1
The low-water-absorption light-transmitting ceramic plate with glass refractive index comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 27% of high-potassium frit, 8% of lithium bentonite, 17% of water-washed kaolin, 6% of diatomite, 5% of potassium zeolite, 7% of finely ground quartz powder, 18% of high-purity potassium feldspar, 5% of barium carbonate, 4% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 3% of wollastonite, 2% of calcined talcum, 2% of calcite, 1.0% of blank reinforcing agent and 0.5% of dispergator.
In the embodiment, the high-potassium frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: siO (SiO) 2 60.93％、Al 2 O 3 13.70％、Fe 2 O 3 0.05％、CaO 2.98％、MgO 0.21％、K 2 O 15.91％、Na 2 O 2.69％、BaO 3.46％，TiO 2 0.04％、Loss 0.03％。
In this example, the particle diameter D50 of the lithium bentonite particles is 0.45 μm, fe 2 O 3 The content is 0.12%, and the whiteness is 63 degrees.
In this example, the water-washed kaolin clay Fe 2 O 3 The content is 0.08 percent, and the whiteness is 75 degrees.
In this example, the diatomaceous earth is refined diatomaceous earth treated by scrubbing method, particle size is 6 μm, fe 2 O 3 0.13% and pH 7.8.
In this example, the finely ground quartz powder has a particle size D50 of between 8 μm, fe 2 O 3 The content is 0.06%.
In this embodiment, the high-purity potassium feldspar, K 2 O content 13.6%, fe 2 O 3 0.08% of TiO 2 The content is 0.03%.
In this embodiment, the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is liquid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, P 2 O 5 Content of 33.5%, fe 2 O 3 The content is 0.006% and the specific gravity is 1.468.
In this embodiment, the green body reinforcing agent is formed by combining 0.5wt% of polyvinyl alcohol solution and 0.5wt% of polyvinyl amide.
In the embodiment, the dispergator is formed by combining 0.15% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.35% of water glass.
The preparation method of the light-transmitting ceramic plate with low water absorption rate and glass refractive index comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of mixing high-potassium frit, lithium bentonite, water-washed kaolin, diatomite, potassium zeolite, finely ground quartz powder, high-purity potassium feldspar, barium carbonate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, a green body reinforcing agent, a dispergator and water, and ball milling to obtain green body slurry. In the embodiment, the water content of the green body slurry obtained by ball milling is 36.5%.
And (5) deironing and sieving the slurry. In the embodiment, the slurry is deironing, an electromagnetic deironing machine with the field intensity of a ferric absorbing medium of 22000Gs is used, and a combination mode of three sets in series is adopted; the screen allowance of the slurry after being screened by a 325-mesh screen is 0.8 percent.
Thirdly, spraying and pulverizing the slurry subjected to iron removal and sieving to obtain powder. In the embodiment, five kinds of nozzle sheets with the aperture of 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm and 1.8mm respectively are used for spray pulverizing, the atomization pressure is 2.4MPa, the grain composition of the obtained powder is that the 20-mesh sieve accounts for 4%, the grain ratio between 20 meshes and 40 meshes is 23%, the grain ratio between 40 meshes and 60 meshes is 38%, the grain ratio between 60 meshes and 80 meshes is 22%, and the grain ratio below 80 meshes is 6%.
And (5) compacting the powder. In this embodiment, the press molding is performed by a SYSTEM belt type non-mold molding press with a maximum pressing pressure of 400Kg/cm 2 The thickness of the back grain of the green brick is 0.16mm;
and fifthly, drying the molded blank to obtain a dried blank. In this embodiment, the drying time is 86 minutes; the residual moisture of the dried green body was 0.48%.
Performing surface decoration on the dried green body.
And (3) performing primer coating on the bottom of the surface-decorated blank. In the embodiment, the primer coating uses magnesia primer, the primer processing uses stamp-pad ink as flux to carry out ball milling modulation, the specific gravity is 1.24, the roller printing mode is adopted to carry out the distribution, and the distribution amount is 32g/m 2 。
And finally, sintering the green body coated with the primer at high temperature. In the embodiment, the kiln used for the high-temperature sintering has a length of 450m and a width of 2.2m, and the sintering temperature is 1230 ℃ and the sintering time is 112 minutes.
Polishing and edging the fired product to obtain the light-transmitting ceramic plate with low water absorption and glass refractive index. In this embodiment, the polishing of the fired product includes polishing the bottom of the brick and polishing the decorative surface, specifically polishing the bottom of the brick and then polishing the decorative surface of the brick.
The polishing process parameters of the brick bottom are as follows: the polishing pressure of the polishing machine is 0.4Mpa, the polishing speed is 13m/min, and the polishing grinding blocks are matched as follows: 100 mesh elastic grinding block 12 groups, 300 mesh elastic grinding block 21 groups, 600 mesh elastic grinding block 16 groups, 1000 mesh elastic grinding block 6 groups, 1500 mesh elastic grinding block 8 groups, and the polishing cutting amount is 0.156mm.
The polishing process parameters of the decorative surface are as follows: the polishing pressure of the polishing machine is 0.2Mpa, the polishing speed is 13m/min, and the polishing grinding blocks are matched as follows: the polishing cutting amount of the elastic grinding block 7 groups with 300 meshes, the elastic grinding block 16 groups with 400 meshes, the elastic grinding block 22 groups with 600 meshes, the elastic grinding block 8 groups with 800 meshes, the elastic grinding block 8 groups with 1000 meshes, the elastic grinding block 6 groups with 1500 meshes and the elastic grinding block 6 groups with 2000 meshes is 0.113mm.
Comparative example 1
The low-water-absorption light-transmitting ceramic plate with glass refractive index comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 27% of common potassium feldspar, 8% of lithium bentonite, 17% of water-washed kaolin, 6% of diatomite, 5% of potassium zeolite, 7% of finely ground quartz powder, 18% of high-purity potassium feldspar, 5% of barium carbonate, 4% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 3% of wollastonite, 2% of calcined talcum, 2% of calcite, 1.0% of blank reinforcing agent and 0.5% of dispergator.
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that the high-potassium frit of example 1 was replaced with an equal mass of plain potassium feldspar, and the composition, chemical composition and addition amount of the other raw materials were unchanged. The preparation method of comparative example 1 was the same as in example 1.
Specifically, the light-transmitting ceramic plates were prepared by the methods of example 1 and comparative example 1, respectively, and the following performance tests were performed on the obtained light-transmitting ceramic plates according to the national standard test method for ceramic tiles or the conventional test method for ceramic tiles, the results of which are shown in table 1 below:
as is apparent from the results of the tests of example 1 and comparative example 1, when the high-potassium frit in the present invention is replaced with the same mass as the general potassium feldspar, the whiteness and light transmittance of the ceramic plate prepared therefrom are significantly reduced. The high-potassium frit has low content of iron and titanium impurities compared with the common potassium feldspar, so that the whiteness is higher, and the whiteness high light transmittance is enhanced; on the other hand, the high-potassium frit has high potassium content and the problem of potassium and sodium is obviously higher than that of common potassium feldspar, and meanwhile, the high-potassium frit also contains a small amount of CaO, mgO and BaO fluxing agents, which is beneficial to the generation of glass phase and transparent feldspar, so that the transparent ceramic plate prepared according to the embodiment 1 has obviously higher light transmittance.
Fig. 1 is an XRD pattern of a light-transmitting ceramic plate prepared by the method of example 1 of the present invention, and it is understood from the results of the examination that the main phases of the light-transmitting ceramic plate are feldspar, potassium sodium barium orthoclate, cristobalite and glass.
Fig. 2A is a graph showing a comparison of the light transmission effect of the light-transmitting ceramic plate prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention and fig. 2B, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that the light transmission effect of example 1 is significantly better than that of comparative example 1.
Comparative example 2
The low-water-absorption light-transmitting ceramic plate with glass refractive index comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 27% of high-potassium frit, 8% of common kaolin, 17% of water-washed kaolin, 6% of common quartz powder, 5% of common potassium feldspar, 7% of finely ground quartz powder, 18% of high-purity potassium feldspar, 5% of barium carbonate, 4% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 3% of wollastonite, 2% of calcined talcum, 2% of calcite, 1.0% of blank reinforcing agent and 0.5% of dispergator.
Comparative example 2 is different from example 1 in that the diatomaceous earth, potassium zeolite and lithium bentonite of example 1 were replaced with quartz powder, potassium feldspar and normal kaolin of equal mass, respectively, and the components, chemical compositions and addition amounts of other raw materials were unchanged. The preparation method of comparative example 2 was the same as in example 1.
Specifically, the light-transmitting ceramic plates were prepared by the methods of example 1 and comparative example 2, respectively, and the following performance tests were performed on the obtained light-transmitting ceramic plates according to the national standard test method for ceramic tiles or the conventional test method for ceramic tiles, the results of which are shown in table 2 below:
as is apparent from the results of the test in example 1 and comparative example 2, when the diatomaceous earth, potassium zeolite and lithium bentonite in the present invention were replaced with quartz powder, potassium feldspar and normal kaolin of equal quality, respectively, the green strength of the ceramic plate prepared was significantly lowered. This is because diatomaceous earth, offretite and lithium bentonite all have a common feature, and the particles are very fine, especially lithium bentonite is generally smaller than 0.5 μm, so these raw materials all have better plasticity, and the green strength of the semi-finished product can be significantly improved after the formulation is introduced.
Comparative example 3
The low-water-absorption light-transmitting ceramic plate with glass refractive index comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 28% of high-potassium frit, 8% of lithium bentonite, 18% of water-washed kaolin, 6% of diatomite, 5% of potassium zeolite, 7% of finely ground quartz powder, 19% of high-purity potassium feldspar, 5% of barium carbonate, 4% of wollastonite, 2% of calcined talcum, 2% of calcite, 1.0% of blank reinforcing agent and 0.5% of dispergator.
The difference between comparative example 3 and example 1 is that no aluminum dihydrogen phosphate liquid was added, the chemical composition of the other raw materials was not changed, and the addition amount was appropriately adjusted. The preparation method of comparative example 3 was the same as in example 1.
Specifically, the light-transmitting ceramic plates were prepared by the methods of example 1 and comparative example 3, respectively, and the following performance tests were performed on the obtained light-transmitting ceramic plates according to the national standard test method for ceramic tiles or the conventional test method for ceramic tiles, the results of which are shown in the following table 3:
as is clear from the results of the test in example 1 and comparative example 3, when the blank formulation of the present invention is not added with the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate liquid, the whiteness and the transmittance of the ceramic plate prepared therefrom are reduced. After the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate liquid is added, the refractive index of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate liquid is close to that of the colored glaze, the refractive index difference of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate liquid and the colored glaze is small, and the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is used for wrapping a crystal interface, so that micro-pores are reduced, the density of a green body is improved, and ferric oxide and phosphate groups form six-coordination groups, so that the coloring of the green body is reduced, the whiteness of the green body of the ceramic plate is improved, and the transmittance of the green body is enhanced.
Fig. 3A is a graph showing a comparison of the light transmitting effect of the light transmitting ceramic plate prepared in comparative example 3 of the present invention with that of example 1 of fig. 3B, and it can be seen from fig. 3 that the light transmitting effect of example 1 is significantly better.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method of the light-transmitting ceramic plate with low water absorption rate and glass refractive index comprises the following steps:
mixing high-potassium frit, lithium bentonite, water-washed kaolin, diatomite, potassium zeolite, finely ground quartz powder, high-purity potassium feldspar, barium carbonate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, a green body reinforcing agent, a dispergator and water, and performing ball milling to obtain green body slurry;
secondly, deironing and sieving the slurry;
thirdly, spraying the slurry subjected to iron removal and sieving to prepare powder, so as to obtain powder;
the powder is pressed and formed into a shape,
fifthly, drying the molded blank to obtain a dried blank;
performing surface decoration on the dried green body;
coating the bottom of the surface-decorated blank body with primer;
firing the blank body coated with the primer at high temperature;
polishing and edging the fired product to obtain the light-transmitting ceramic plate with low water absorption and glass refractive index.
The preparation method of the light-transmitting ceramic plate with low water absorption rate and glass refractive index comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of mixing high-potassium frit, lithium bentonite, water-washed kaolin, diatomite, potassium zeolite, finely ground quartz powder, high-purity potassium feldspar, barium carbonate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, a green body reinforcing agent, a dispergator and water, and ball milling to obtain green body slurry. In the embodiment, the water content of the green body slurry obtained by ball milling is 36.5%.
And (5) deironing and sieving the slurry. In the embodiment, the slurry is deironing, an electromagnetic deironing machine with the field intensity of a ferric absorbing medium of 22000Gs is used, and a combination mode of three sets in series is adopted; the screen allowance of the slurry after being screened by a 325-mesh screen is 0.8 percent.
Thirdly, spraying and pulverizing the slurry subjected to iron removal and sieving to obtain powder. In the embodiment, five kinds of nozzle sheets with the aperture of 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm and 1.8mm respectively are used for spray pulverizing, the atomization pressure is 2.4MPa, the grain composition of the obtained powder is that the 20-mesh sieve accounts for 4%, the grain ratio between 20 meshes and 40 meshes is 23%, the grain ratio between 40 meshes and 60 meshes is 38%, the grain ratio between 60 meshes and 80 meshes is 22%, and the grain ratio below 80 meshes is 6%.
And (5) compacting the powder. In this embodiment, the press molding is performed by a SYSTEM belt type non-mold molding press with a maximum pressing pressure of 400Kg/cm 2 The thickness of the back grain of the green brick is 0.16mm;
and fifthly, drying the molded blank to obtain a dried blank. In this embodiment, the drying time is 86 minutes; the residual moisture of the dried green body was 0.48%.
Performing surface decoration on the dried green body;
and (3) performing primer coating on the bottom of the surface-decorated blank. In the embodiment, the primer coating uses magnesia primer, the primer processing uses stamp-pad ink as flux for ball milling modulation, the specific gravity is 1.24, the roller printing mode is adopted for distribution, and the distribution amount is 32g/m 2 。
And finally, sintering the green body coated with the primer at high temperature. In the embodiment, the kiln used for the high-temperature sintering has a length of 450m and a width of 2.2m, and the sintering temperature is 1230 ℃ and the sintering time is 112 minutes.
And (3) polishing the decorative surface of the fired product, wherein the polishing process parameters are as follows: the polishing pressure of the polishing machine is 0.2Mpa, the polishing speed is 13m/min, and the polishing grinding blocks are matched as follows: the polishing cutting amount of the elastic grinding block 7 groups with 300 meshes, the elastic grinding block 16 groups with 400 meshes, the elastic grinding block 22 groups with 600 meshes, the elastic grinding block 8 groups with 800 meshes, the elastic grinding block 8 groups with 1000 meshes, the elastic grinding block 6 groups with 1500 meshes and the elastic grinding block 6 groups with 2000 meshes is 0.113mm.
Comparative example 4 was different from example 1 in that the ceramic plate after firing was not subjected to the brick bottom polishing treatment, and the other was the same as example 1.
Specifically, the light-transmitting ceramic plates were prepared by the methods of example 1 and comparative example 4, respectively, and the following performance tests were performed on the obtained light-transmitting ceramic plates according to the national standard test method for ceramic tiles or the conventional test method for ceramic tiles, the results of which are shown in table 4 below:
as is clear from the results of the examination of example 1 and comparative example 4, when the light-transmitting ceramic plate of the present invention was not subjected to the brick bottom polishing treatment after firing, the light transmittance of the produced ceramic plate was decreased and the effect was greater as the back grain at the bottom was thicker. This is because the smoothness of the ceramic plate surface has an effect on the light transmittance, and the rougher the surface, the more severe the diffuse reflection and the lower the light transmittance.
Fig. 4A is a graph showing the comparison of the bottom effects of the transparent ceramic plates prepared in comparative example 4 of the present invention and fig. 4B, and it can be seen from the graph that the roughness of the surface of comparative example 4 is much higher.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (9)
1. Having a glass refractive indexThe transparent ceramic plate is characterized in that the blank of the transparent ceramic plate consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 20-30% of high-potassium frit, 15-20% of high-purity potassium feldspar, 3-6% of potassium zeolite, 5-10% of lithium bentonite, 10-20% of water-washed kaolin, 5-10% of diatomite, 5-10% of finely ground quartz powder, 3-6% of barium carbonate, 1-5% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 3-6% of wollastonite, 0-5% of calcined talcum, 0-5% of calcite, 0.5-2.0% of blank reinforcing agent and 0.3-1.0% of dispergator; the high-potassium frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: siO (SiO) 2 60.93％、Al 2 O 3 13.70％、Fe 2 O 3 0.08％、CaO 2.98％、MgO 0.18％、K 2 O 15.91％、Na 2 O 2.69％、BaO 3.46%，TiO 2 0.04％、Loss 0.03％。
2. The light-transmitting ceramic plate with glass refractive index according to claim 1, wherein the high-purity potassium feldspar, K 2 O content is more than 13%, fe 2 O 3 The content is less than 0.1 percent, tiO 2 The content is less than 0.05 percent.
3. The transparent ceramic plate with glass refractive index according to claim 1, wherein the particle size D50 of the lithium bentonite particles is less than 0.5 μm, fe 2 O 3 The content is less than 0.15%, and the whiteness is more than 65 ℃; the water-washed kaolin Fe 2 O 3 The content is less than 0.10 percent, and the whiteness is more than 70 degrees; the particle diameter of the finely ground quartz powder is D50 between 7 and 10 mu m, fe 2 O 3 The content is less than 0.1 percent; the blank reinforcing agent is one or a combination of more of polyvinyl alcohol solution and polyvinyl amide; the dispergator comprises one or more of sodium tripolyphosphate, water glass, sodium metasilicate, sodium hexametaphosphate and polycarboxylic acid.
4. The transparent ceramic plate with glass refractive index according to claim 1, wherein the diatomite is refined diatomite treated by scrubbing or acid leaching, and has a particle size of 1 μm-10 μm, and Fe 2 O 3 The content is 0.15 to 0.20 percent, and the pH value is 7 to 8.
5. The light-transmitting ceramic plate with glass refractive index according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is liquid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, P 2 O 5 The mass percentage content is more than 30 percent, fe 2 O 3 The mass percentage content is less than 0.01 percent, and the specific gravity is 1.46 to 1.48.
6. A method for manufacturing a light-transmitting ceramic plate having a glass refractive index according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
mixing high-potassium frit, lithium bentonite, water-washed kaolin, diatomite, potassium zeolite, finely ground quartz powder, high-purity potassium feldspar, barium carbonate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, a green body reinforcing agent, a dispergator and water, and performing ball milling to obtain green body slurry;
secondly, deironing and sieving the slurry;
thirdly, spraying the slurry subjected to iron removal and sieving to prepare powder, so as to obtain powder;
pressing and forming the powder;
fifthly, drying the formed blank to obtain a dried blank;
performing surface decoration on the dried green body;
coating the surface-decorated blank with bottom slurry;
firing the blank body coated with the primer at high temperature;
polishing and edging the fired product to obtain the light-transmitting ceramic plate with low water absorption and glass refractive index.
7. The preparation method of the transparent ceramic plate with the glass refractive index according to claim 6, wherein the water content of green body slurry obtained by ball milling is 35% -40%; secondly, removing iron from the slurry, wherein an electromagnetic iron removing machine with the field intensity of a ferric absorbing medium being more than or equal to 20000Gs is used, and a plurality of series or parallel combination modes are adopted; the screen allowance of the slurry after being screened by a 325-mesh screen is 0.5-1.0%; according to the spray powder preparation method, a nozzle plate combination with the aperture of 1.0-1.8 mm is used, the atomization pressure is 2-3 MPa, the grain composition of the obtained powder is that the grain composition of the powder is that the grain composition of a 20-mesh sieve accounts for 3-6%, the grain composition of the powder between 20 meshes and 40 meshes accounts for 20-25%, the grain composition of the powder between 40 meshes and 60 meshes accounts for 35-40%, the grain composition of the powder between 60 meshes and 80 meshes accounts for 20-25%, and the grain composition of the powder below 80 meshes accounts for 4-8%.
8. The method of manufacturing a transparent ceramic plate with glass refractive index according to claim 6, wherein the press molding in step four is performed by using a SYSTEM belt type or SACMI roll type no-mold molding press with a maximum pressing pressure of 400Kg/cm 2 The thickness of the back grain of the green brick is 0.15 mm-0.20 mm; fifthly, drying for 80-100 minutes; residual moisture of the dried green body is less than or equal to 0.5%; the primer coating is carried out by using alumina or magnesia primer, using stamp ink as flux for primer processing to carry out ball milling modulation, the specific gravity is 1.2-1.3, and the primer coating is carried out by adopting a roller printing mode, wherein the coating amount is 30-60 g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The kiln is used for high-temperature sintering, the length of the kiln is more than 400m, the width of the kiln is 2.2m, the sintering temperature is 1200-1250 ℃, the sintering time is 100-120 minutes, and the water absorption rate of the sintered product is less than or equal to 0.1%; and polishing the fired product in the step.
9. The method for manufacturing a light-transmitting ceramic plate having a glass refractive index according to claim 6, wherein the polishing comprises brick bottom polishing and decorative surface polishing; the polishing process parameters of the brick bottom are as follows: the polishing pressure of the polishing machine is 0.3-0.6 Mpa, the polishing speed is 10-15 m/min, and the polishing grinding blocks are matched as follows: 10-15 groups of 100-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 15-25 groups of 300-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 15-20 groups of 600-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 5-10 groups of 1000-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 5-10 groups of 1500-mesh elastic grinding blocks and polishing cutting amount of 0.1-0.2 mm; the polishing process parameters of the decorative surface are as follows: the polishing pressure of the polishing machine is 0.1-0.4 Mpa, the polishing speed is 10-15 m/min, and the polishing grinding blocks are matched as follows: 5-10 groups of 300-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 15-23 groups of 400-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 10-25 groups of 600-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 5-10 groups of 800-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 5-10 groups of 1000-mesh elastic grinding blocks, 5-10 groups of 1500-mesh elastic grinding blocks and 5-10 groups of 2000-mesh elastic grinding blocks, wherein the polishing cutting amount of the 5-10 groups of 2000-mesh elastic grinding blocks is 0.1-0.3 mm.
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