CN116825594A

CN116825594A - X-ray tube anode and X-ray tube

Info

Publication number: CN116825594A
Application number: CN202311100363.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐志宏; 阳恩会
Original assignee: Shanghai Chaoqun Testing Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Chaoqun Testing Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-29
Filing date: 2023-08-29
Publication date: 2023-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 2043-08-29
Also published as: CN116825594B

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to an X-ray tube anode and an X-ray tube. The X-ray tube anode includes: an anode cap; an anode body; a first shielding part disposed in a first portion of the anode body near the anode target, the first shielding part being embedded in the anode body to shield X-rays, the first shielding part having a surface facing the first inner ring surface, the surface being fitted with and flush with the first inner ring surface, and projections of the first shielding part and the anode target on a plane perpendicular to an axis of the anode body overlapping; and a second shield located outside the cavity, at least partially embedded in the second portion of the anode body, and a projection of the gap between the first outer ring face and the first inner ring face falling within a projection of the second shield on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the anode body. In this way, leakage of X-rays from the anode of the X-ray tube can be advantageously reduced, which can help reduce the use of shielding materials in high-voltage X-ray sources using the X-ray tube, reduce the weight of the X-ray source, and the like.

Description

X-ray tube anode and X-ray tube

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of electric vacuum devices, in particular to an anode of an X-ray tube and the X-ray tube.

Background

An X-ray tube is a high-pressure high-vacuum electronic device generally comprising a cathode assembly as an electron emission source, an anode assembly for generating X-rays and radiating heat, and a tube envelope for sealing vacuum and insulation. Under the acceleration of an electric field of tens to hundreds of kilovolts, electrons emitted from the electron emission source bombard the anode target of the anode assembly, generating X-rays.

However, in the existing X-ray tube, for the X-ray tube of high kilovolt class, an anode cap made of an oxygen-free copper material is generally provided for shielding secondary electrons bouncing on an anode target, and the secondary electrons generate scattered X-rays, penetrate through an anode main body and cause the scattered X-rays to leak from the anode of the X-ray tube, thereby increasing the use of shielding materials in the high-voltage X-ray source and the weight of the X-ray source.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides an anode of an X-ray tube and the X-ray tube.

In view of the above, an aspect of an embodiment of the present application relates to an X-ray tube anode including: the anode cap is provided with a cavity surrounded by the first inner ring surface; the anode body comprises a first part extending into the cavity and a second part which is partially positioned outside the cavity and is coaxial with the first part, one end of the first part is provided with an anode target, the first part is provided with a first outer ring surface matched with the first inner ring surface, and the size of the second part in the radial direction is larger than that of the first part in the radial direction; further comprises: a first shielding part disposed in a first portion of the anode body near the anode target, the first shielding part being embedded in the anode body to shield X-rays, the first shielding part having a surface facing the first inner ring surface, the surface being fitted with and flush with the first inner ring surface, and projections of the first shielding part and the anode target on a plane perpendicular to an axis of the anode body overlapping; and a second shield located outside the cavity, at least partially embedded in the second portion of the anode body, and a projection of the gap between the first outer ring face and the first inner ring face falling within a projection of the second shield on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the anode body.

In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the first shield and the anode target in the axial direction of the anode body is 0.5 mm to 5mm.

In some embodiments, the gap between the first inner race face and the first outer race face is 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm.

In some embodiments, a first groove is provided on the first portion of the anode body, the first shield is nested within the first groove, and the first shield includes a second inner ring surface that corresponds to the first groove in shape.

In some embodiments, a second recess is provided in a second portion of the anode body, and a second shield is nested within the second recess, the second shield being located at an end of the anode cap.

In some embodiments, the X-ray tube anode further comprises at least one third shield positioned in spaced relation between the first shield and the second shield.

In some embodiments, the plurality of third shielding portions is provided, and the plurality of third shielding portions are spaced apart from each other.

In some embodiments, a third groove is formed in the anode body, the third shielding portion is nested in the third groove, the third shielding portion includes a third outer ring surface, and the third outer ring surface is flush with the first outer ring surface and is matched with the first inner ring surface.

In some embodiments, the distance between adjacent ones of the first, second, and third shields is proportional to the depth to which the two are embedded in the anode body.

In some embodiments, the depths at which the first, second, and third shields are each embedded in the anode body alternate in size with one another.

In some embodiments, the first shield part comprises a first half and a second half joined to each other and a first seam between the first half and the second half, and the second shield part comprises a third half and a fourth half joined to each other and a second seam between the third half and the fourth half, the first seam and the second seam being offset from each other in a circumferential direction of the first shield part and the second shield part when assembled.

In some embodiments, the third shield portion includes a fifth half and a sixth half joined to each other and a third seam between the fifth half and the sixth half, the third seam and the second seam being offset from each other in a circumferential direction of the second shield portion and the third shield portion.

In some embodiments, the anode cap comprises an X-ray shielding material.

In some embodiments, the length of the anode body is not less than 10 a mm a.

Another aspect of an embodiment of the application relates to an X-ray tube comprising an X-ray tube anode according to the application.

The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application can be beneficial to reducing the leakage of X-rays from the anode of the X-ray tube, reducing the use of shielding materials in a high-voltage X-ray source using the X-ray tube, reducing the weight of the X-ray source and the like.

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may be arbitrarily combined, as the technical conditions allow.

The application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same, similar reference numerals may be used in the drawings to refer to the same, similar elements, devices, shapes, configurations, and the description of the same, similar elements, devices, shapes, configurations, features, effects, etc. as well as the description of the same, similar elements, devices, shapes, configurations, features, effects, etc. as in the prior art may be omitted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an anode of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present application; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system

Fig. 2 is a schematic view, partly in section, of an X-ray tube incorporating the anode of the X-ray tube of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an anode of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, an aspect of an embodiment of the present application relates to an X-ray tube anode 10 comprising: an anode cap 18 having a first inner ring surface 20 and a cavity 21 surrounded by the first inner ring surface 20; an anode body 12 including a first portion 13 extending into the cavity 21 and a second portion 15 partially located outside the cavity 21 coaxially with the first portion 13, one end of the first portion 13 being provided with an anode target 14, the first portion 13 having a first outer circumferential surface 22 that mates with the first inner circumferential surface 20, the second portion 15 having a larger radial dimension than the first portion 13; further comprises: a first shielding portion 16 provided in the first portion 13 of the anode body 12 at a position close to the anode target 14, the first shielding portion 16 being embedded in the anode body 12 to shield X-rays, the first shielding portion 16 having a surface 28 facing the first inner ring surface 20, the surface 28 being fitted with the first inner ring surface 20 and flush with the first outer ring surface 22, and projections of the first shielding portion 16 and the anode target 14 on a plane perpendicular to the axis X of the anode body 12 overlapping; and a second shield 30 located outside the cavity 21, at least partially embedded in the second portion 15 of the anode body 12, and on a plane perpendicular to the axis X of the anode body 12, a projection of the gap between the first outer ring face 22 and the first inner ring face 20 falls within a projection of the second shield 30.

In this way, leakage of X-rays from the X-ray tube anode 10 can be advantageously reduced, which can help reduce the use of shielding materials in high voltage X-ray sources using the X-ray tube anode 10, and reduce the weight of the X-ray source.

The X-ray tube anode 10 may be any anode device for generating X-rays and dissipating heat, and may have any possible configuration as long as it is suitable for use in the present application.

The anode cap 18 may have any possible configuration as long as it is suitable for use in the present application.

The first inner race surface 20 may define a cavity 21. The cavity 21 may be a generally cylindrical shaped cavity.

The anode body 12 and the first portion 13 thereof may be used to support an anode target 14. Anode target 14 can be any target as long as it is suitable for use in the present application. The anode body 12 and the first portion 13 may be generally cylindrical.

When the first portion 13 extends into the cavity 21 of the anode cap 18, the anode cap 18 may be sleeved on a side of the first portion 13 of the anode main body 12, which is close to the anode target 14, and may be used to shield secondary electrons bouncing on the anode target 14.

The first shielding portion 16 may be a generally annular body, or may have any other possible configuration as long as it is suitable for use in the present application.

The first inner race surface 20 and the first outer race surface 22 cooperate with each other. The first shielding portion 16 is embedded in the anode main body 12. And, the first shielding portion 16 has a surface 28 facing the first inner race surface 20. The surface 28 of the first shielding portion 16 may be mated with the first inner ring surface 20 and flush with the first outer ring surface 22, so that the X-ray tube anode 10 is conveniently installed and positioned, and is tightly assembled, which may be advantageous for reducing X-ray leakage. Thus, the anode 10 of the X-ray tube is simple in structure and convenient to assemble, and the amount of X-rays leaking out of the matching gap between the anode cap 18 and the first part 13 of the anode main body 12 can be reduced while the anode cap 18 and the anode main body 12 are convenient to weld.

The first outer race surface 22 and the surface 28 each may have any possible configuration as long as it is suitable for use in the present application.

The first shielding portion 16 attenuates X-rays so as not to penetrate the X-ray tube anode 10, thereby realizing shielding of X-rays. For example, the first shielding portion 16 may include a material that highly attenuates X-rays, such as tungsten copper, tungsten iron nickel, or the like.

The first shielding portion 16 prevents the leakage of the X-rays in a direction away from the anode target 14 of the first portion 13 of the anode body 12, so that the leakage of the X-rays from the anode 10 of the X-ray tube can be reduced, and further, the use of a toxic and harmful shielding material such as lead and lead oxide in a high-voltage X-ray source using the X-ray tube can be reduced, and the weight of the X-ray source can be reduced.

Herein, "high voltage X-ray source using an X-ray tube" generally refers to an X-ray generator for packaging an X-ray tube and generating X-rays, and can be divided into a tube sleeve and an integrated X-ray source depending on the design.

The high-voltage power supply comprises a tube shell, high-voltage connectors at two ends of the tube shell, insulating oil sealed in the tube shell and used for high-voltage insulation and heat dissipation, an X-ray tube immersed in the insulating oil, and a shielding layer between the X-ray tube and the tube shell and having a high attenuation effect on X-rays, wherein a high-voltage generator is connected with the high-voltage connectors at two ends of the tube shell through a high-voltage cable and drives the X-ray tube to work to generate the X-rays.

In addition to the envelope, which contains insulating oil for high-voltage insulation and heat dissipation, which is sealed in the envelope, an X-ray tube immersed in the insulating oil, and a shielding layer between the X-ray tube and the envelope, which has a high attenuation effect on X-rays, a high-voltage generator circuit is also contained in the envelope, i.e. a so-called integrated X-ray source.

The envelope and the shielding of the integrated X-ray source are usually made of a polymer material containing lead or oxides of lead for shielding the X-rays overflowing the X-ray tube. When the amount of X-rays leaking from the X-ray tube anode 10 decreases, the amount of X-rays overflowing from the X-ray tube including the same decreases, and the thickness of the shielding layer of the X-ray source is reduced, for example, thereby achieving the same effect of shielding X-rays overflowing from the X-ray tube. In addition, the thickness of the shielding layer of the X-ray source is reduced, and the weight of the X-ray source can be reduced.

Overlapping projections of the first shield 16 and the anode target 14 on a plane perpendicular to the axis X of the anode body 12 may be advantageous to prevent scattered X-rays from escaping from non-overlapping areas of the first shield 16 and the anode target 14 on a plane perpendicular to the axis X of the anode body 12.

In the present application, the first shielding part 16 provided in the first portion 13 of the anode main body 12 near the anode target 14 may surround the scattered X-rays together with the anode cap 18 and the anode target 14, preventing the X-rays scattered in various directions from leaking from the X-ray tube anode 10 after multiple scattering, thereby shielding the scattered X-rays, reducing the use of shielding materials in the high voltage X-ray source using the X-ray tube anode 10, and reducing the weight of the X-ray source.

In the embodiments of the present application, unless specifically stated otherwise, the terms "first," "second," and the like are not intended to denote a priority order, importance, or the like, but rather are used primarily to distinguish one element, component, device, shape, configuration, or the like, to which they modify.

The anode body 12 further comprises a second portion 15 coaxial with the first portion 13, the second portion 15 being partially located outside the cavity 21, and the second portion 15 having a radial dimension greater than the radial dimension of the first portion 13, the X-ray tube anode 10 further comprising: a second shield 30 located outside the cavity 21, at least partially embedded in the second portion 15 of the anode body 12, and on a plane perpendicular to the axis X of the anode body 12, the projection of the gap between the first outer ring face 22 and the first inner ring face 20 falls within the projection of the second shield 30.

In this manner, it may be advantageous to prevent scattered X-rays from leaking from the X-ray tube anode 10 along the gap between the first outer circumferential surface 22 and the first inner circumferential surface 20 by the second shielding portion 30.

The second portion 15 may support the anode cap 18 and may be used to mount the second shield 30. The second portion 15 may be a generally cylindrical body.

Here, "radial direction" refers to a straight line direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the axis X of the anode body.

The radial dimension of the second portion 15 is larger than the radial dimension of the first portion 13, which is beneficial to the reasonable structural design and convenient assembly of the anode 10 of the X-ray tube.

The second shielding part 30 is located outside the cavity 21, is at least partially embedded in the second portion 15 of the anode main body 12, and on a plane perpendicular to the axis X of the anode main body 12, the projection of the gap between the first outer ring surface 22 and the first inner ring surface 20 falls into the projection of the second shielding part 30, which can be beneficial for the second shielding part 30 to attenuate scattered X-rays leaking in the cavity 21 along the gap between the first outer ring surface 22 and the first inner ring surface 20 in a direction away from the anode target 14, and prevent the scattered X-rays from leaking out of the X-ray tube anode 10 along the gap between the first outer ring surface 22 and the first inner ring surface 20.

The second shielding portions 30 may be spaced apart from the first shielding portion 16 along the axis X direction of the anode body 12, and the first shielding portion 16 is located between the second shielding portion 30 and the anode target 14, i.e., the second shielding portion 30 is located on a side of the first shielding portion 16 away from the anode target 14. In this way, leakage of X-rays in a direction of the anode body 12 away from the anode target 14 can be advantageously further prevented.

The second shielding portion 30 may have the same or different configuration as the first shielding portion 16, and may have the same or different X-ray attenuating material as the first shielding portion 16, as long as it is applicable to the present application.

In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the first shield 16 and the anode target 14 in the direction of the axis X of the anode body 12 is 0.5 mm to 5mm.

In this manner, the first shielding portion 16 may facilitate shielding as much of the X-rays near the anode target 14 as possible, and may facilitate preventing leakage of the X-rays toward the anode body 12 away from the anode target 14.

The gap between the first inner circumferential surface 20 of the anode cap 18 and the first outer circumferential surface 22 of the anode body 12 may be 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm to facilitate the assembly and welding of the anode cap 18 and the anode body 12, and to prevent the X-ray leakage caused by the excessive gap.

In some embodiments, the first portion 13 of the anode body 12 is provided with a first groove 24, the first shielding portion 16 is nested in the first groove 24, and the first shielding portion 16 includes a second inner ring surface 26 corresponding to the first groove 24 in shape.

In this manner, the mounting gap between the first shielding portion 16 and the anode cap 18 and the first portion 13 of the anode body 12 can be facilitated to be small, and X-ray leakage can be facilitated to be reduced.

The first groove 24 may be a generally annular groove, which may be generally rectangular in cross-sectional shape.

The second inner race surface 26 may have any possible shape or configuration as long as it is suitable for use in the present application.

In some embodiments, the second portion 15 of the anode body 12 is provided with a second recess 32, and the second shield 30 is nested within the second recess 32, with the second shield 30 being located at the end of the anode cap 18.

In this way, the assembly between the second shield portion 30 and the second portion 15 of the anode body 12 can be facilitated, and the leakage of X-rays from the gap between the first inner ring face 20 and the first outer ring face 22 can be prevented by the second shield portion 30.

The second recess 32 may be a generally annular recess having a generally rectangular cross-sectional shape.

The anode cap 18 and the second shielding portion 30 may be welded to each other, so that the second shielding portion 30 is stably mounted and the structure of the X-ray tube anode 10 is stable.

The second shield 30 may be a generally annular body and the outer sharp edges of the second shield 30 may be rounded to prevent high voltage discharge sparking during operation of the X-ray tube anode 10.

In some embodiments, the X-ray tube anode 10 further includes at least one third shield 34 spaced between the first shield 16 and the second shield 30.

In this way, it may be advantageous to further prevent leakage of X-rays towards the first portion 13 of the anode body 12 away from the anode target 14.

The third shielding portion 34 may have the same or different configuration as the first shielding portion 16 and the second shielding portion 30, and may have the same or different X-ray attenuating material as the first shielding portion 16 and the second shielding portion 30, as long as it is applicable to the present application.

In some embodiments, the third shielding portions 34 are plural, and the plural third shielding portions 34 are spaced apart from each other.

In this way, leakage of X-rays scattered in a plurality of different directions can be advantageously prevented.

In some embodiments, the anode body 12 is provided with a third groove 36, the third shielding portion 34 is nested within the third groove 36, the third shielding portion 34 includes a third outer ring surface 38, and the third outer ring surface 38 is flush with the first outer ring surface 22 of the anode body 12 and mates with the first inner ring surface 20 of the anode cap 18.

In this way, the mounting gap between the third shield 34 and the anode cap 18 and the anode body 12 can be facilitated to be small, and X-ray leakage can be facilitated to be reduced.

The third shield 34 may be a generally annular body.

The third groove 36 may be provided in the first portion 13 of the anode body 12, which may be a generally annular groove, and may be generally rectangular in cross-sectional shape.

The third outer race surface 38 may have any possible shape or configuration as long as it is suitable for use with the present application.

In some embodiments, the distance D between adjacent ones of the first, second, and third shields 16, 30, 34 is proportional to the depth S at which the two are embedded in the anode body 12.

Thus, the anode 10 of the X-ray tube can be advantageous in reasonable structure and low manufacturing cost.

The specific value of the distance D between adjacent ones of the first shielding portion 16, the second shielding portion 30, and the third shielding portion 34 and the depth S of insertion thereof into the anode body 12 may be determined according to the specific dimensions of the first portion 13, the second portion 15, the anode cap 18, etc. of the anode body 12 of the X-ray tube anode 10.

In some embodiments, the depths S at which the first, second, and third shields 16, 30, 34 are each embedded in the anode body 12 alternate in size with one another.

Thus, the X-ray can be effectively prevented from leaking after multiple scattering.

In some embodiments, the first shielding portion 16 includes a first half (not shown) and a second half (not shown) joined to each other and a first seam (not shown) located between the first half and the second half, and the second shielding portion 30 includes a third half (not shown) and a fourth half (not shown) joined to each other and a second seam (not shown) located between the third half and the fourth half, and, after assembly, the first seam and the second seam are offset from each other in a circumferential direction of the first shielding portion 16 and the second shielding portion 30.

In this way, leakage of X-rays through the first and second seams may be advantageously prevented.

The first shield 16 and the second shield 30 may each be annular bodies.

The first half and the second half may be two semicircular rings that enclose the first shielding portion 16.

The third half and the fourth half may be two semicircular rings that enclose the second shielding portion 30.

In some embodiments, the third shield portion 34 includes a fifth half and a sixth half that are joined to each other and a third seam between the fifth half and the sixth half that is offset from the second seam in the circumferential direction of the second shield portion 30 and the third shield portion 34.

In this way, leakage of X-rays through the second and third seams can be advantageously prevented.

The third shield 34 may be an annular body. The fifth half and the sixth half may be two semicircular rings that enclose the third shield 34.

The first seam, the second seam, and the third seam may be 0.2 mm to 1mm.

The axes of the first, second and third shielding portions 16, 30 and 34 may be coaxial with the axis X of the anode body 12, respectively, to facilitate assembly thereof.

In some embodiments, the anode cap 18 comprises an X-ray shielding material.

In this way, leakage of X-rays through the anode cap 18 can be advantageously prevented.

The anode cap 18 may comprise, for example, an X-ray shielding material having a high attenuation effect on X-rays, such as tungsten copper, tungsten iron nickel, or the like.

The X-ray shielding material may be located on the first inner annular surface 20 of the anode cap 18, and/or the outer surface of the anode cap 18, and/or dispersed within the anode cap 18.

In some embodiments, the length L of the anode body 12 is not less than 10 mm.

In this way, leakage of X-rays through the anode body 12 can be advantageously prevented.

For example, if the anode body 12 is made of copper, the attenuation coefficient of the anode body 12 to X-rays is typically 10% of that of lead, and if a very small amount of X-rays are still scattered away from the anode target 14 along the axis X direction of the anode body 12 after being shielded by the anode cap 18, the first shielding portion 16, the second shielding portion 30, and the third shielding portion 34, the attenuation effect of the anode body 12 made of copper, which is not less than 10 mm, on the scattered X-rays is equivalent to that of lead, which is several millimeters thick. Thus, the anode body 12 having a length L of not less than 10 mm can effectively shield such scattered X-rays. Fig. 2 is a schematic view, partly in section, of an X-ray tube incorporating the anode of the X-ray tube of fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2, another aspect of an embodiment of the present application relates to an X-ray tube 100 comprising an X-ray tube anode 10 according to the present application.

As such, as previously described, leakage of X-rays from the X-ray tube anode 10 in the X-ray tube 100 may be advantageously reduced, which may facilitate reduced use of shielding materials in a high voltage X-ray source using the X-ray tube anode 10, and reduced weight of the X-ray source.

In the present embodiment, the leakage of X-rays scattered in various directions from the X-ray tube anode 10 after multiple scattering is prevented by the first shielding portion 16 provided in the first portion 13 of the anode main body 12 near the anode target 14, the anode cap 18, and the anode target 14 being surrounded together. For high kilovolt-level X-ray tubes 100, high density and/or high thickness shielding members are typically required to achieve a desirable shielding effectiveness to effectively prevent scattered X-rays from penetrating the anode body 12. In the prior art, in order to prevent the diffusion of X-rays through the anode body, a shielding member is often mounted on the bottom, periphery, etc. of the anode body, and wrapped around the anode body. For example, a shielding material, such as a shielding coating, is simply applied at the end of the anode body, e.g., near the anode target, however, such shielding coating can be easily penetrated by scattered X-rays and thus cannot effectively shield the scattered X-rays; alternatively, in order to achieve high shielding effectiveness, the thickness of the shielding member applied to the bottom, periphery, etc. of the anode body is increased, resulting in an increase in the cost of the entire X-ray tube-based system. By adopting the scheme of the embodiment, the problem that the whole X-ray tube-based system cost is increased due to the fact that thicker shielding components are arranged and wrapped on the bottom, the periphery and the like of the anode main body for achieving the ideal shielding effect can be effectively avoided while the high shielding effect is achieved.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the first shielding portion 16, the second shielding portion 30 and the third shielding portion 34 are spaced apart from each other in the axial X direction of the anode main body 12, so that the X-rays can be attenuated in the longer length direction of the anode main body 12, and the problem that the thickness of the shielding member is increased to improve the shielding efficiency, and thus the system cost of the whole X-ray tube increases and/or the heat radiation performance of the X-ray tube anode 10 and the X-ray tube 100 is deteriorated can be avoided.

In addition, as described above, the present embodiment can reduce the use of a toxic and harmful shielding material such as lead and lead oxide in the high-voltage X-ray source using the X-ray tube, reduce the weight of the X-ray source, and the like, thereby further improving the safety of the high-voltage X-ray source using the X-ray tube and reducing the manufacturing cost of the high-voltage X-ray source using the X-ray tube.

The various embodiments described above and shown in the figures are illustrative of the application only and not all of the application. Any modification of the present application by one of ordinary skill in the related art is within the scope of the basic technical idea of the present application.

Claims

1. An X-ray tube anode comprising:

the anode cap is provided with a cavity body surrounded by a first inner ring surface and a second inner ring surface;

an anode body including a first portion extending into the cavity and a second portion located partially outside the cavity and coaxial with the first portion, an anode target being provided at one end of the first portion, the first portion having a first outer circumferential surface that mates with the first inner circumferential surface, the second portion having a larger radial dimension than the first portion;

characterized by further comprising:

a first shielding portion provided in the first portion of the anode body at a position close to the anode target, the first shielding portion being embedded in the anode body to shield X-rays, the first shielding portion having a surface facing the first inner ring surface, the surface being fitted with the first inner ring surface and being flush with the first outer ring surface, and projections of the first shielding portion and the anode target on a plane perpendicular to an axis of the anode body overlapping; and

and a second shield located outside the cavity, at least partially embedded in the second portion of the anode body, and on a plane perpendicular to the anode body axis, a projection of a gap between the first outer ring face and the first inner ring face falling within a projection of the second shield.

2. The X-ray tube anode according to claim 1, wherein a minimum distance between the first shielding portion and the anode target in an axial direction of the anode body is 0.5 to mm mm.

3. The X-ray tube anode of claim 1, wherein the gap between the first inner ring face and the first outer ring face is 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm.

4. The X-ray tube anode of claim 1, wherein a first groove is provided on the first portion of the anode body, the first shield is nested within the first groove, and the first shield includes a second inner ring surface corresponding to the first groove in shape.

5. The X-ray tube anode of claim 1, wherein a second recess is provided in the second portion of the anode body, the second shield being nested within the second recess, the second shield being located at an end of the anode cap.

6. The X-ray tube anode of claim 1, further comprising at least one third shield positioned in spaced relation between the first shield and the second shield.

7. The anode of an X-ray tube of claim 6, wherein the third shielding portions are a plurality of, the plurality of third shielding portions being spaced apart from each other.

8. The X-ray tube anode of claim 7, wherein a third groove is provided in the anode body, the third shield is nested within the third groove, the third shield includes a third outer ring surface that is flush with the first outer ring surface and mates with the first inner ring surface.

9. The X-ray tube anode of claim 8, wherein a distance between adjacent ones of the first shield, the second shield, and the third shield is proportional to a depth to which the two are embedded in the anode body.

10. The X-ray tube anode of claim 9, wherein the depths to which the first shield, the second shield, and the third shield are each embedded in the anode body alternate in size with one another.

11. The X-ray tube anode of claim 8, wherein the first shield comprises first and second halves joined to each other and a first seam between the first and second halves, the second shield comprises third and fourth halves joined to each other and a second seam between the third and fourth halves, the first and second seams being offset from each other in a circumferential direction of the first and second shields when assembled.

12. The X-ray tube anode of claim 11, wherein the third shield comprises a fifth half and a sixth half joined to each other and a third seam between the fifth half and the sixth half, the third seam and the second seam being offset from each other in a circumferential direction of the second shield and the third shield.

13. The X-ray tube anode of claim 1, wherein the anode cap comprises an X-ray shielding material.

14. The X-ray tube anode of claim 1, wherein the length of the anode body is not less than 10 mm.

15. An X-ray tube comprising an X-ray tube anode according to any one of claims 1-14.