CN116804685A - Current measurement method, system and storage medium - Google Patents

Current measurement method, system and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116804685A
CN116804685A CN202310761716.2A CN202310761716A CN116804685A CN 116804685 A CN116804685 A CN 116804685A CN 202310761716 A CN202310761716 A CN 202310761716A CN 116804685 A CN116804685 A CN 116804685A
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Prior art keywords
current
magnetic field
tmr
output voltage
constant
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Inventor
潘峰
张军
招景明
李金莉
杨雨瑶
张鼎衢
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Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
Measurement Center of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
Measurement Center of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310761716.2A priority Critical patent/CN116804685A/en
Publication of CN116804685A publication Critical patent/CN116804685A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a current measurement method, a system and a storage medium, which are applied to a TMR current sensor, wherein the TMR current sensor comprises a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip and a constant current source, the temperature sensitivity coefficients of the first TMR chip and the second TMR chip are the same, a magnetic field generated by a current to be measured is induced according to the first TMR chip, a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be measured is obtained, a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source is induced according to the second TMR chip, a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source is obtained, division operation is carried out on the first output voltage and the second output voltage, a current value of the current to be measured is obtained, and the accuracy of current measurement is improved.

Description

Current measurement method, system and storage medium
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of current detection technologies, and in particular, to a current measurement method, a system, and a storage medium.
Background
The magneto-resistance TMR current sensor based on the magneto-resistance effect has the advantages of high sensitivity, wide response frequency band, small volume, low power consumption and the like, can measure alternating current and direct current simultaneously, is a product with great potential for measuring current of an electric power system, but has extremely strong temperature dependence, so that the sensor is difficult to be used for electric energy metering, is influenced by the characteristics of an MTJ (basic unit) of TMR, has small linear range, directly limits the measuring range of the TMR current sensor, influences the application range of the sensor, and mainly has two modes of software compensation and hardware compensation aiming at the temperature compensation of the TMR current sensor.
The existing hardware compensation thought is to introduce a temperature-dependent element into the power supply voltage of the sensor, so that the power supply voltage has positive temperature dependence, and the temperature dependence with negative sensitivity is offset. The software compensation method comprises the following steps: firstly, measuring the relation between the temperature and the sensor sensitivity in the working temperature range of a measuring system, obtaining a relation curve of the temperature and the sensitivity of a TMR current sensor in the temperature range through data fitting, obtaining the output of the TMR current sensor through an ADC sampling circuit when the measuring system is in measuring work, obtaining the ambient temperature of the TMR current sensor through the temperature sensor, obtaining a sensitivity compensation coefficient through a lookup table in an FPGA, and finally carrying out temperature compensation through mathematical operation.
However, the hardware compensation is to use elements with temperature coefficients, such as a thermistor, a diode and the like, and select corresponding circuit topology according to the temperature characteristics of the selected elements to achieve the compensation effect; the software compensation is realized by adopting a plurality of data fitting algorithms, such as least square linear fitting, B spline difference values, neural network fitting and the like, after the test data of the sensor are obtained, and then combining a digital microprocessor and realizing the software compensation in a lookup table mode. The hardware compensation design is simple and easy to realize, the practicability is higher, but in order to obtain an excellent compensation effect, parameters of a compensation circuit need to be strictly designed, and because temperature characteristics of TMR sensors of different models of different manufacturers are different, the compensation effect can be achieved only by matching thermistors with different characteristics, the compensation circuit is difficult to batch and has no universality. The software compensation can realize better compensation effect and strong universality, but the temperature characteristic of the TMR sensor is required to be obtained through experiments in advance, and is difficult to batch and unfavorable for engineering production. And the compensation method designed for the temperature drift problem can not enlarge the measuring range of the sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, in a first aspect, the invention discloses a current measurement method, a system and a storage medium, which are used for performing temperature compensation on a sensor so as to improve the accuracy of current measurement.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a current measurement method applied to a TMR current sensor including a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip, and a constant current source, and temperature sensitivity coefficients of the first TMR chip and the second TMR chip are the same, the current measurement method comprising:
inducing a magnetic field generated by the current to be detected according to the first TMR chip, and obtaining a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected;
inducing a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source according to the second TMR chip to obtain a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source;
and dividing the first output voltage and the second output voltage to obtain a current value of the current to be measured.
The invention discloses a current measurement method which is applied to a TMR current sensor, wherein the TMR current sensor comprises a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip and a constant current source, a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be measured is generated by inducing a magnetic field generated by the current to be measured according to the first TMR chip, then a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source is generated by inducing a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source according to the TMR chip, and division operation is performed after the first output voltage and the second output voltage are obtained, so that the influence of temperature factors is eliminated, the temperature compensation function is realized, and the current measurement precision is improved.
As a preferred example, the first TMR chip senses a magnetic field generated by a current to be measured, and obtains a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be measured, including:
performing magnetic field induction on the current to be detected according to a magnetic focusing ring preset in the TMR sensor, and generating a first magnetic field corresponding to the current to be detected at an air gap of the magnetic focusing ring;
and according to the first magnetic field, the first magnetic field is induced through the first TMR chip preset at the air gap of the magnetic focusing ring, and a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected is output.
The magnetic field of the current to be measured is generated by the magnetic focusing ring, so that the anti-interference capability of current measurement is improved, the accuracy of current measurement is improved, and then the magnetic field is induced by the first TMR chip preset at the air gap of the magnetic focusing ring, so that the first output voltage corresponding to the current to be measured is generated.
As a preferable example, the sensing the constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source according to the second TMR chip to obtain the second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source specifically includes:
driving a Helmholtz coil preset in the TMR sensor according to the constant current source so as to generate a second magnetic field corresponding to the constant current source through the Helmholtz coil;
and inducing the second magnetic field through the second TMR chip preset in the Helmholtz coil, and generating a second output voltage corresponding to the second magnetic field.
According to the invention, the constant current source and the second TMR chip are arranged in the TMR current sensor, so that the first TMR chip and the second TMR chip are mutually matched in the follow-up process, thereby completing temperature compensation and improving the accuracy of current measurement.
As a preferable example, the helmholtz coil is disposed outside the air gap of the magnetism collecting ring according to a preset distance range before the constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source is induced according to the second TMR chip.
The Helmholtz coil is arranged outside the air gap of the magnetic focusing ring, so that the influence of an external magnetic field is eliminated when division operation is carried out later, and the accuracy of current measurement is improved.
In a second aspect, the invention discloses a current measurement system, which is applied to a TMR current sensor, wherein the TMR current sensor comprises a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip and a constant current source, the temperature sensitivity coefficients of the first TMR chip and the second TMR chip are the same, and the current measurement system comprises a first sensing module, a second sensing module and a current measurement module;
the first induction module is used for inducing a magnetic field generated by the current to be detected according to the first TMR chip, and obtaining a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected;
the second induction module is used for inducing a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source according to the second TMR chip to obtain a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source;
the current measurement module is used for performing division operation on the first output voltage and the second output voltage to obtain a current value of the current to be measured.
The invention discloses a current detection method based on temperature compensation, which is applied to a TMR current sensor, wherein the TMR current sensor comprises a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip and a constant current source, a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected is generated by inducing a magnetic field generated by the current to be detected according to the first TMR chip, then a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source is generated by inducing a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source according to the TMR chip, and division operation is performed after the first output voltage and the second output voltage are obtained, so that the influence of temperature factors is eliminated, the temperature compensation function is realized, and the current measurement precision is improved.
As a preferable example, the first sensing module includes a first magnetic field unit and a first voltage unit;
the first magnetic field unit is used for carrying out magnetic field induction on the current to be detected according to a magnetic focusing ring preset on the TMR current sensor, and generating a first magnetic field of the current to be detected at an air gap of the magnetic focusing ring;
the first voltage unit is used for inducing the first magnetic field through the first TMR chip preset at the air gap of the magnetic focusing ring according to the first magnetic field and outputting a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected.
The magnetic field of the current to be measured is generated by the magnetic focusing ring, so that the anti-interference capability of current measurement is improved, the accuracy of current measurement is improved, and then the magnetic field is induced by the first TMR chip preset at the air gap of the magnetic focusing ring, so that the first output voltage corresponding to the current to be measured is generated.
As a preferable example, the second sensing module includes a second magnetic field unit and a second voltage unit;
the second magnetic field unit is used for driving a Helmholtz coil preset in the TMR current sensor according to the constant current source so as to generate a second magnetic field corresponding to the constant current source through the Helmholtz coil;
the second voltage unit is used for inducing the second magnetic field through the second TMR chip preset in the Helmholtz coil, and generating a second output voltage corresponding to the second magnetic field.
According to the invention, the constant current source and the second TMR chip are arranged in the TMR current sensor, so that the first TMR chip and the second TMR chip are mutually matched in the follow-up process, thereby completing temperature compensation and improving the accuracy of current measurement.
In a third aspect, the invention discloses a TMR current sensor, comprising a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip and a constant current source;
the first TMR chip is used for inducing a magnetic field generated by current to be detected and outputting a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected;
the second TMR chip senses a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source and outputs a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source;
the constant current source is used for generating the constant magnetic field.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, implements a current measurement method according to the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention discloses an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; a storage device configured to store at least one program which, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to implement a current measurement method as described in the first aspect.
Drawings
Fig. 1: a flow diagram of a current measurement method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2: the embodiment of the invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a current measurement system;
fig. 3: the structure schematic diagram of the TMR current sensor is provided for the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a current measuring method, which is applied to a TMR current sensor, wherein the TMR current sensor comprises a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip and a constant current source, the temperature sensitivity coefficients of the first TMR chip and the second TMR chip are the same, the specific implementation flow of the method is shown in FIG. 1, and the method mainly comprises steps 101 to 103, wherein the steps mainly comprise:
step 101: and inducing a magnetic field generated by the current to be detected according to the first TMR chip, and obtaining a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected.
In this embodiment, the steps specifically include: performing magnetic field induction on the current to be detected according to a magnetic focusing ring preset on the TMR current sensor, and generating a first magnetic field of the current to be detected at an air gap of the magnetic focusing ring; and according to the first magnetic field, the first magnetic field is induced through the first TMR chip preset at the air gap of the magnetic focusing ring, and a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected is output.
In an exemplary embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the specific structure of the current sensor is shown in the embodiment, and the TMR current sensor mainly includes a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip, and a constant current source, preferably, a through-current conductor may be disposed in the magnetic flux collecting ring, the through-current conductor passes through a current I to be measured, the current to be measured generates a magnetic field in the magnetic flux collecting ring, and a relationship between a magnetic field H in an air gap and the current I to be measured is:
wherein mu is 1 The relative permeability of the magnetic flux collecting ring is that r is the center radius of the magnetic flux collecting ring, and d is the height of the air gap of the opening of the magnetic flux collecting ring.
In this embodiment, the first TMR chip is disposed in an air gap of the magnetic focusing ring, and under the action of the magnetic field H, the output of the first TMR chip is:
U 1 =k 1 (T)·H·V in
k 1 (T) is the sensitivity coefficient of the first TMR chip, and is related to the temperature T, V in Is the working power supply of the first TMR chip.
In the present embodiment, after the first TMR chip is obtained, it is preferable that the output signal of the first TMR chip is further amplified and mode-converted, and in the present embodiment, the amplification factor is set to a 1 The dieThe conversion coefficient of the conversion is A 3 The signal after processing the output signal of the first TMR chip can be expressed as:
U TMR1 =k 1 (T)·A 1 ·A 3 ·H·V in
wherein A is 1 、A 3 、V in Are all constant.
The method comprises the steps of generating a magnetic field of the current to be measured by a magnetic flux collecting ring, so that the anti-interference capability of current measurement is improved, the accuracy of current measurement is improved, and then, inducing the magnetic field by a first TMR chip preset at an air gap of the magnetic flux collecting ring to generate a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be measured.
Step 102: and sensing a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source according to the second TMR chip to obtain a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source.
In this embodiment, the steps mainly include: driving a Helmholtz coil preset in the TMR current sensor according to the constant current source so as to generate a second magnetic field corresponding to the constant current source through the Helmholtz coil; and inducing the second magnetic field through the second TMR chip preset in the Helmholtz coil, and generating a second output voltage corresponding to the second magnetic field.
Exemplary, a TMR current sensor provided based on the present embodiment outputs a constant current I through the constant current source 0 Preferably, the constant current I is output 0 At the time of setting the constant current I by a digital-to-analog converter DAC at the TMR current sensor 0 Digital-to-analog conversion is carried out to obtain the constant current I 0 Is input to the Helmholtz coil and generates a magnetic field H 0 The magnetic field acts on a second TMR chip whose output is:
U 2 =k 2 (T)·H 0 ·V in
k 2 (T) is the sensitivity coefficient of the second TMR chip, and is related to the temperature T, V in Is the working power supply of the second TMR chip and is connected with the first TMR chipSharing a single power supply.
In this embodiment, referring to step 101, it is preferable that the output signal of the second TMR chip is further amplified and mode-converted, and in this embodiment, the amplification factor is set to a 2 The conversion coefficient of the mode conversion is A 4 The signal after processing the output signal of the second TMR chip can be expressed as:
U TMR2 =k 2 (T)·A 2 ·A 4 ·H 0 ·V in
wherein A is 2 、A 4 、H 0 Are all constant.
Step 103: and dividing the first output voltage and the second output voltage to obtain a current value of the current to be measured.
In this embodiment, referring to the above steps in this embodiment, the measurement results of the first TMR chip and the second TMR chip are divided to obtain the current value of the current to be measured, and in this embodiment, the formula of the division operation is:
wherein A is 1 、A 3 、A 2 、A 4 、H 0 The temperature sensitivity coefficients of the first TMR chip and the second TMR chip are constant, and the first TMR chip and the second TMR chip can adopt devices of the same batch and the same model of the same manufacturer, namely:
k 1 (T)≈k 2 (T)
thus, the first and second substrates are bonded together,the method comprises the following steps of:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
a is a constant, and therefore,is proportional to the measured current I and the effect of temperature is eliminated.
In addition to the above method, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a current measurement system, which is applied to a TMR current sensor, where the TMR current sensor includes a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip, and a constant current source, and the temperature sensitivity coefficients of the first TMR chip and the second TMR chip are the same, and the structural composition of the current measurement system may refer to fig. 2, and mainly includes a first sensing module 201, a second sensing module 202, and a current measurement module 203;
the first induction module 201 is configured to induce a magnetic field generated by a current to be tested according to the first TMR chip, and obtain a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be tested;
the second sensing module 202 is configured to sense a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source according to the second TMR chip, so as to obtain a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source;
the current measurement module 203 is configured to perform a division operation on the first output voltage and the second output voltage to obtain a current value of the current to be measured.
In this embodiment, the first sensing module 201 includes a first magnetic field unit and a first voltage unit;
the first magnetic field unit is used for carrying out magnetic field induction on the current to be detected according to a magnetic focusing ring preset on the TMR current sensor, and generating a first magnetic field of the current to be detected at an air gap of the magnetic focusing ring;
the first voltage unit is used for inducing the first magnetic field through the first TMR chip preset at the air gap of the magnetic focusing ring according to the first magnetic field and outputting a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected.
In this embodiment, the second sensing module 202 includes a second magnetic field unit and a second voltage unit;
the second magnetic field unit is used for driving a Helmholtz coil preset in the TMR current sensor according to the constant current source so as to generate a second magnetic field corresponding to the constant current source through the Helmholtz coil;
the second voltage unit is used for inducing the second magnetic field through the second TMR chip preset in the Helmholtz coil, and generating a second output voltage corresponding to the second magnetic field.
In addition to the above method and system, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a TMR current sensor, and the specific structural composition of the sensor may refer to fig. 3, including a first TMR chip 301, a second TMR chip 302, and a constant current source 303;
the first TMR chip 301 is configured to sense a magnetic field generated by a current to be measured, and output a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be measured;
the second TMR chip 302 senses a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source and outputs a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source;
the constant current source 303 is used to generate the constant magnetic field.
Meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium and an electronic device, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the program realizes the method according to the embodiment of the invention when being executed by a processor, and the electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a storage device configured to store at least one program, which when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to implement the method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The invention discloses a current measuring method, a system and a storage medium, which are applied to a TMR current sensor, wherein the TMR current sensor comprises a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip and a constant current source, a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be measured is generated by inducing a magnetic field generated by the current to be measured according to the first TMR chip, then a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source is generated by inducing a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source according to the TMR chip, and the current value of the current to be measured is obtained by dividing after the first output voltage and the second output voltage are obtained, so that the influence of temperature factors is eliminated, the function of temperature compensation is realized, and the precision of current measurement is improved.
The foregoing embodiments have been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A current measurement method applied to a TMR current sensor including a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip, and a constant current source, and having the same temperature sensitivity coefficient as the first TMR chip and the second TMR chip, the current measurement method comprising:
inducing a magnetic field generated by the current to be detected according to the first TMR chip, and obtaining a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected;
inducing a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source according to the second TMR chip to obtain a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source;
and dividing the first output voltage and the second output voltage to obtain a current value of the current to be measured.
2. The method for measuring current according to claim 1, wherein the first TMR chip senses a magnetic field generated by a current to be measured to obtain a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be measured, comprising:
performing magnetic field induction on the current to be detected according to a magnetic focusing ring preset on the TMR current sensor, and generating a first magnetic field of the current to be detected at an air gap of the magnetic focusing ring;
and according to the first magnetic field, the first magnetic field is induced through the first TMR chip preset at the air gap of the magnetic focusing ring, and a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected is output.
3. The method for measuring current according to claim 1, wherein said inducing a constant magnetic field generated by said constant current source according to said second TMR chip, to obtain a second output voltage corresponding to said constant current source, comprises:
driving a Helmholtz coil preset in the TMR current sensor according to the constant current source so as to generate a second magnetic field corresponding to the constant current source through the Helmholtz coil;
and inducing the second magnetic field through the second TMR chip preset in the Helmholtz coil, and generating a second output voltage corresponding to the second magnetic field.
4. A current measuring method according to claim 3, wherein the helmholtz coil is arranged outside the air gap of the magnetism collecting ring of the TMR current sensor according to a preset distance range before the second TMR chip senses the constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source.
5. The current measurement system is characterized by being applied to a TMR current sensor, wherein the TMR current sensor comprises a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip and a constant current source, the temperature sensitivity coefficients of the first TMR chip and the second TMR chip are the same, and the current measurement system comprises a first induction module, a second induction module and a current measurement module;
the first induction module is used for inducing a magnetic field generated by the current to be detected according to the first TMR chip, and obtaining a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected;
the second induction module is used for inducing a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source according to the second TMR chip to obtain a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source;
the current measurement module is used for performing division operation on the first output voltage and the second output voltage to obtain a current value of the current to be measured.
6. The current measurement system of claim 5, wherein the first sensing module comprises a first magnetic field unit and a first voltage unit;
the first magnetic field unit is used for carrying out magnetic field induction on the current to be detected according to a magnetic focusing ring preset on the TMR current sensor, and generating a first magnetic field of the current to be detected at an air gap of the magnetic focusing ring;
the first voltage unit is used for inducing the first magnetic field through the first TMR chip preset at the air gap of the magnetic focusing ring according to the first magnetic field and outputting a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected.
7. The current measurement system of claim 5, wherein the second sensing module comprises a second magnetic field unit and a second voltage unit;
the second magnetic field unit is used for driving a Helmholtz coil preset in the TMR current sensor according to the constant current source so as to generate a second magnetic field corresponding to the constant current source through the Helmholtz coil;
the second voltage unit is used for inducing the second magnetic field through the second TMR chip preset in the Helmholtz coil, and generating a second output voltage corresponding to the second magnetic field.
8. A TMR current sensor is characterized by comprising a first TMR chip, a second TMR chip and a constant current source;
the first TMR chip is used for inducing a magnetic field generated by current to be detected and outputting a first output voltage corresponding to the current to be detected;
the second TMR chip senses a constant magnetic field generated by the constant current source and outputs a second output voltage corresponding to the constant current source;
the constant current source is used for generating the constant magnetic field.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, implements a current measurement method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.
10. An electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; storage means configured to store at least one program which, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to implement a current measurement method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.
CN202310761716.2A 2023-06-26 2023-06-26 Current measurement method, system and storage medium Pending CN116804685A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Publication Number Publication Date
CN116804685A true CN116804685A (en) 2023-09-26

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