CN116798693A - Low-smoke fire-resistant power cable and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Low-smoke fire-resistant power cable and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-smoke fire-resistant power cable and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the low-smoke fire-resistant power cable comprises a cable core, the cable core is formed by twisting 3 wire cores and a glass fiber filling rope, the wire cores comprise metal conductors, and a conductor shielding layer, an insulating shielding layer, a buffer layer and a metal shielding layer which are sequentially coated outside the metal conductors, the cable core is further sequentially coated with a flame-retardant tape layer, a fire-resistant layer, a first wrapping layer, an oxygen-isolating layer, an armor layer, a second wrapping layer and an outer sheath, and the wrapping mode of the second wrapping layer is double-layer reverse wrapping; through the design of the multilayer composite structure, the wrapping mode of the second wrapping layer is defined as double-layer reverse wrapping, so that the problem that the oxygen barrier layer is heated and exudes is avoided, and finally the power cable with low smoke, fire resistance and excellent flame retardance is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power cables, and particularly relates to a low-smoke fire-resistant power cable, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The fire-resistant cable can normally run for a period of time in the case of fire, so that power supply of equipment such as a fire protection system, an alarm system and the like is ensured, and certain disaster relief and death time is provided, and in recent years, on some key engineering projects, such as: the requirements of fire resistance of the medium-voltage distribution system are gradually put forward in places such as subways, high-rise buildings, tunnels and the like. The high voltage fire resistant cable is different from the low voltage fire resistant cable; the low-voltage fire-resistant cable mainly comprises a fire-resistant layer with a non-inflammable or residual shell after combustion, and when flame burns, the fire-resistant layer can be used as an insulating layer to ensure safe and reliable operation of the cable in a period of time even if insulation burns out.
In the current market, refractory layer materials mainly adopted by the high-voltage refractory cable are as follows: the ceramic polyolefin has simple production flow and lower cost, can be extruded and molded at one time by adopting a common low-smoke halogen-free extruder, is suitable for most wire and cable enterprises, and has the largest occupation ratio in the market.
In order to improve the fire resistance of the cable, a ceramic polyolefin fire-resistant layer is generally arranged below an armor layer in the market, an oxygen-insulating layer, the ceramic polyolefin fire-resistant layer and the armor layer are adopted, when flame burns, an outer sheath burns and falls off, the fire-resistant layer is heated to form porcelain firstly, the fire-resistant and heat-insulating effects are achieved, the oxygen-insulating layer separates the fire-resistant layer from a wire core, the temperature of the wire core is further reduced, and therefore the cable achieves the fire resistance. CN111007604a discloses a fire-retardant composite optical cable, including cable core and oversheath, the cable core includes fiber assembly and loose tube, fiber assembly is equipped with the multiunit, loose tube pipe is established in the fiber assembly outside, it has fine cream to fill between loose tube and the fiber assembly, cable core outside is equipped with the flame retardant coating subassembly, the flame retardant coating subassembly includes first flame retardant coating, second flame retardant coating and third flame retardant coating, first flame retardant coating ring is established in loose tube outside, first flame retardant coating outside is equipped with the armor, the armor encircles and sets up on first flame retardant coating outer wall. According to the invention, the mica tape is used for wrapping the cable core as the first refractory layer, so that the cracking of the optical cable can be effectively prevented, the insulating effect can be achieved, the manufacturing cost is low, the effect is achieved at one time, the second refractory layer and the third refractory layer are both made of CNTS reinforced silicon nitride ceramic layers as the refractory layers, the mechanical property of the optical cable can be improved on the basis of improving the high temperature resistance, and the optical cable has a simple structure and is convenient to use. However, in practice, after the ceramic polyolefin refractory layer is heated, the organic matters are completely decomposed, the residual inorganic ceramic material forms a state similar to that after glass is softened, and when the internal oxygen-isolation layer is heated and expanded, the residual inorganic ceramic material refractory layer can be extruded and dripped, so that the structure of the refractory layer is deformed and incomplete, and the fluctuation of the cable refractory performance is caused; in order to achieve better fire resistance, the fire-resistant cable is generally provided with a plurality of fire-proof and heat-insulating layers outside the cable core, smoke is easy to be produced when the fire-resistant cable is burnt, and particularly when the inner layer material is oozed out during combustion, the smoke production can be greatly increased.
Therefore, development of a low-smoke fire-resistant power cable with low smoke, fire resistance and excellent fire resistance is a technical problem which needs to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a low-smoke fire-resistant power cable, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the low-smoke fire-resistant power cable is designed by a multi-layer composite structure, and a secondary wrapping mode is defined as double-layer reverse wrapping, so that the problem of heat exudation of an oxygen barrier layer is avoided, and the low-smoke fire-resistant power cable with low smoke, fire resistance and excellent fire resistance is obtained.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a low smoke, fire-resistant power cable comprising a cable core;
the cable core is formed by twisting 3 wire cores and glass fiber filling ropes;
the wire core comprises a metal conductor, and a conductor shielding layer, an insulating shielding layer, a buffer layer and a metal shielding layer which are sequentially coated outside the metal conductor;
the cable core is sequentially coated with a flame-retardant tape layer, a flame-retardant layer, a first wrapping layer, an oxygen-isolating layer, an armor layer, a second wrapping layer and an outer sheath;
and the wrapping mode of the second wrapping layer is double-layer reverse wrapping.
The low-smoke fire-resistant power cable comprises a cable core, wherein the cable core is formed by twisting 3 insulating cable cores and glass fiber filling ropes; the wire core comprises a metal conductor, and a conductor shielding layer, an insulating shielding layer, a buffer layer and a metal shielding layer which are sequentially coated outside the metal conductor; the cable core is sequentially coated with a flame-retardant tape layer, a flame-retardant layer, a first wrapping layer, an oxygen-isolating layer, an armor layer, a second wrapping layer and an outer sheath; the wrapping mode of the second wrapping layer is double-layer reverse wrapping;
firstly, the fire-resistant layer is arranged in the oxygen-resistant layer, and when flame burns, the material is heated and expands outwards, and due to the existence of the oxygen-resistant layer, the material is equivalent to a sacrificial layer, and preferentially expands outwards when heated, so that a certain space is reserved for the expansion of the fire-resistant layer, the seepage of the fire-resistant layer is reduced, the integrity of the fire-resistant layer structure is ensured, and the fire-resistant performance of the cable is more stable and reliable;
secondly, the invention adopts the double-layer reverse lapping 2 layers of lapping tape outside the armor layer as the second lapping tape, the high stretching rate of the lapping tape gives the expansion space of the inner layer material, the compactness of the cloth tape base cloth ensures that the inner layer oxygen-insulating layer cannot ooze out of the gaps of the cloth tape base cloth after being heated and melted, and the concentration of the non-lapping position can be reduced by adopting the 2 layers of reverse lapping tape, and the ooze of the oxygen-insulating layer from the non-lapping position is avoided; through the measures, when the cable is subjected to smoke emission test, the material under the armor layer can be coated under the wrapping belt even if the material burns and expands, and a large amount of the material cannot seep out from the gaps of the cloth belt, so that the cable has the advantage of low smoke.
The low smoke fire-resistant power cable refers to a power cable with a smoke density test light transmittance of not less than 60%.
Preferably, the metal conductor is formed by twisting a plurality of metal monofilaments.
The invention does not require special requirements on the metal monofilaments, and the diameter and the number of the metal monofilaments can be specifically selected by a person skilled in the art according to the sectional area of the required metal conductor.
Preferably, the metal monofilaments comprise copper wire.
Preferably, the cross section area of the metal conductor is 35-630 mm 2 For example 40mm 2 、60mm 2 、80mm 2 、100mm 2 、200mm 2 、300mm 2 、400mm 2 、500mm 2 Or 600mm 2 Etc.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the metal conductor needs to be pretreated before use, where the pretreatment includes: the brush is adopted to effectively treat impurities such as dust, metal scraps and the like on the surface of the metal conductor, so that the surface of the metal conductor is smooth and free of burrs.
Preferably, the material of the conductor shielding layer comprises a peroxide cross-linked shielding material, and more preferably a peroxide cross-linked semiconductive polyolefin shielding material.
Preferably, the thickness of the conductor shielding layer is 0.6 to 0.9mm, for example 0.63mm, 0.66mm, 0.69mm, 0.72mm, 0.75mm, 0.78mm, 0.81mm, 0.84mm or 0.87mm, etc.
Preferably, the material of the insulating layer comprises peroxide crosslinked polyethylene.
Preferably, the thickness of the insulating layer is 4.2 to 4.7mm,4.25mm, 4.3mm, 4.35mm, 4.4mm, 4.45mm, 4.5mm, 4.55mm, 4.6mm, 4.65mm, or the like.
Preferably, the material of the insulating shielding layer comprises a peroxide cross-linked shielding material, and more preferably a peroxide cross-linked semiconductive polyolefin shielding material.
Preferably, the thickness of the insulating shielding layer is 0.5 to 0.8mm, for example 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm or 0.75mm, etc.
Preferably, the material of the buffer layer is a semiconducting terdolon tape and a semiconducting water-resistant tape.
Preferably, the thickness of the semiconductive Teflon tape is from 0.15 to 0.25mm, such as 0.16mm, 0.17mm, 0.18mm, 0.19mm, 0.2mm, 0.21mm, 0.22mm, 0.23mm, 0.24mm, 0.25mm, etc.
Preferably, the thickness of the semiconducting water-resistant band is 0.25-0.35 mm, e.g. 0.26mm, 0.27mm, 0.28mm, 0.29mm, 0.3mm, 0.31mm, 0.32mm, 0.33mm or 0.34mm etc.
Preferably, the wrapping mode of the buffer layer is half tangent wrapping.
Preferably, the overlapping width of the semi-tangent winding is not less than 5mm, for example, 4.5mm, 4mm, 3.5mm, 3mm, 2.5mm or 2mm, etc.
Preferably, the material of the metal shielding layer is copper strips.
Preferably, the thickness of the metal shielding layer is 0.09 to 0.1mm, for example, 0.092mm, 0.094mm, 0.096mm, 0.098mm, or the like.
Preferably, the wrapping mode of the metal shielding layer is concentric wrapping.
Preferably, the average overlap ratio of the concentric wrap is no less than 15%, such as 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, or the like.
Preferably, the overlap ratio of the concentric wrap is not less than 5%, such as 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18% or 20%, etc.
Preferably, the glass fiber filled strands have a diameter of 5.5 to 6.5mm, such as 5.6mm, 5.7mm, 5.8mm, 5.9mm, 6mm, 6.1mm, 6.2mm, 6.3mm, 6.4mm, etc.
Preferably, the thickness of the flame retardant tape layer is 0.2 to 0.3mm, for example 0.21mm, 0.22mm, 0.23mm, 0.24mm, 0.25mm, 0.26mm, 0.27mm, 0.28mm or 0.29mm, etc.
Preferably, the material of the flame-retardant cloth belt layer is a low-smoke halogen-free high-flame-retardant cloth belt.
Preferably, the cabling direction of the cable core is right, the cable forming mode is back-twist cabling, and the cable-forming pitch diameter ratio range is 25-35.
Preferably, the material of the refractory layer is halogen-free ceramic polyolefin.
Preferably, the thickness of the refractory layer is 3.2 to 4mm, for example 3.3mm, 3.4mm, 3.5mm, 3.6mm, 3.7mm, 3.8mm or 3.9mm etc.
Preferably, the material of the first wrapping layer is a flame-retardant cloth tape.
Preferably, the thickness of the first cladding layer is 0.2 to 0.3mm, for example 0.22mm, 0.24mm, 0.26mm or 0.28mm, etc.
Preferably, the wrapping mode of the first wrapping layer is half tangent wrapping.
Preferably, the overlapping width of the semi-tangent winding is not less than 5mm, for example, 4.5mm, 4mm, 3.5mm, 3mm, 2.5mm or 2mm, etc.
Preferably, the material of the oxygen barrier layer comprises low smoke zero halogen flame retardant polyolefin.
Preferably, the thickness of the oxygen barrier layer is 2 to 3mm, for example 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.6mm or 2.8mm, etc.
Preferably, the material of the armor layer is galvanized steel strip.
Preferably, the thickness of the armor is 0.5 to 0.8mm, such as 0.53mm, 0.56mm, 0.59mm, 0.62mm, 0.65mm, 0.68mm, 0.72mm, 0.75mm, or 0.78mm, etc.
Preferably, the armor layer is wrapped in a half-tangential double-layer gap wrapping mode.
Preferably, the half-tangential double-layer gap wrap has a gap ratio of 40-45%, such as 40.5%, 41%, 41.5%, 42%, 42.5%, 43%, 43.5%, 44% or 44.5%, etc.
Preferably, the material of the second wrapping layer is a flame-retardant cloth tape.
Preferably, the thickness of the second cladding layer is 0.2 to 0.3mm, for example 0.22mm, 0.24mm, 0.26mm or 0.28mm, etc.
Preferably, the overlapping rate of the double-layer reverse wrapping is not lower than 10%, for example, 12%, 14%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% or 20%, etc.
Preferably, the material of the outer sheath is low smoke zero halogen flame retardant polyolefin.
Preferably, the thickness of the outer sheath is 2 to 4.9mm, such as 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.6mm, 2.8mm, 3mm, 3.2mm, 3.4mm, 3.6mm, 3.8mm, 4mm, 4.2mm, 4.4mm, 4.6mm, 4.8mm, etc.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a low smoke, fire resistant power cable according to the first aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Co-extruding three layers of materials of the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer outside the metal conductor to obtain a composite conductor;
(2) Wrapping the buffer belt and the metal shielding belt outside the composite conductor obtained in the step (1) to obtain a wire core;
(3) Twisting the 3 wire cores obtained in the step (2) and the glass fiber rope to obtain a cable core;
(4) And (3) coating a flame-retardant cloth belt outside the cable core obtained in the step (3), sequentially extruding and wrapping a material of a flame-retardant layer, wrapping a wrapping belt, extruding and wrapping a material of an oxygen-insulating layer, wrapping a material of an armor layer, reversely wrapping two wrapping belts in a double-layer manner, and finally extruding and wrapping a material of an outer sheath to obtain the low-smoke flame-retardant power cable.
The preparation of the low smoke fire-resistant power cable provided by the invention comprises the steps of firstly extruding materials of a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer outside a metal conductor in a three-layer co-extrusion mode to obtain a composite conductor; wherein, three-layer coextrusion adopts a CCV production line with phi 100+phi 175+phi 100 for processing and production, a phi 100 extruder is adopted for extrusion molding of the conductor shielding layer, a nose filter screen adopts three layers which are respectively 20 meshes, 80 meshes and 20 meshes, and the temperatures of 1 st to 8 th temperature areas of the extruder are respectively: 80 ℃, 100 ℃, 108 ℃; the insulation layer extrusion molding adopts a phi 175 extruder, a machine head filter screen adopts four layers, namely 20 meshes, 80 meshes, 40 meshes and 20 meshes, and the temperatures of the 1 st to 8 th temperature areas of the extruder are respectively as follows: 110 ℃, 118 ℃, 115 ℃, 117 ℃, 118 ℃; the extrusion molding of the insulating shielding layer adopts a phi 100 extruder, a nose filter screen adopts three layers, namely 20 meshes, 80 meshes and 20 meshes, and the temperatures of the 1 st to 8 th temperature areas of the extruder are respectively as follows: 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 108 ℃;
secondly, wrapping a buffer belt and a metal shielding belt outside the obtained composite conductor to obtain a wire core;
thirdly, twisting the obtained wire core and the glass fiber rope to obtain a cable core;
finally, wrapping a flame-retardant cloth belt outside the obtained cable core, extruding and wrapping a material of a flame-retardant layer, wrapping a layer of wrapping belt, extruding and wrapping a material of an oxygen-insulating layer, wrapping a material of an armor layer, wrapping two layers of wrapping belt in a double-layer reverse wrapping manner, and finally extruding and wrapping a material of an outer sheath to obtain the low-smoke flame-retardant power cable; wherein, the extrusion of the flame retardant coating adopts a phi 150 extruder, and the temperatures of the 1 st to 10 th temperature areas of the extruder are respectively as follows: 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 105 ℃, 115 ℃, 125 ℃, 135 ℃ and 135 ℃ are produced by extrusion pipe type; the extrusion of the oxygen barrier adopts a phi 150 extruder, and the temperatures of the 1 st to 10 th temperature areas of the extruder are respectively as follows: 130 ℃, 140 ℃, 150 ℃, 155 ℃ and adopting extrusion pipe production; the extrusion of the outer sheath adopts a phi 150 extruder, and the temperatures of the 1 st to 10 th temperature areas of the extruder are respectively as follows: 130 ℃, 140 ℃, 150 ℃, 155 ℃ and the like, and is produced by adopting a semi-extrusion pipe.
Preferably, the material of the extrusion outer sheath in the step (4) is produced by adopting a semi-extrusion pipe type.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, in the preparation method provided by the invention, the outer sheath is produced by adopting a semi-extrusion pipe, the length of a mold core supporting line is reduced on the basis of an extrusion pipe mold, and a certain outer cone angle is given to the mold core supporting line, so that an extruded material flow has a slight downward pressure, the extrusion coating force of the sheath is properly increased, and meanwhile, a certain buffer angle is given between a mold sleeve supporting line area and a mold sleeve inner cone angle, thereby avoiding overlarge material flow resistance and influencing the production efficiency; through the limitation, the outer sheath can be tightly wrapped on the reverse wrapped flame-retardant cloth belt, when a smoke divergence test is carried out, the sheath cannot burn to be empty or fall off, smoke generation of the sheath is reduced, meanwhile, the sheath cannot fall off, the flame isolation effect can be achieved during combustion, the condition that internal materials are heated to generate smoke is reduced, and the obtained cable has low smoke, fire resistance and excellent flame retardance.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of a low smoke fire resistant power cable as described in the first aspect in a subway apparatus, a high rise building or a tunnel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the low-smoke fire-resistant power cable comprises a cable core, wherein the cable core is formed by twisting 3 cable cores and a glass fiber filling rope, each cable core comprises a metal conductor, and a conductor shielding layer, an insulating shielding layer, a buffer layer and a metal shielding layer which are sequentially coated outside the metal conductor, a flame-retardant cloth belt layer, a fire-resistant layer, a first wrapping layer, an oxygen-insulating layer, an armor layer, a second wrapping layer and an outer sheath are sequentially coated outside the cable core, and the wrapping mode of the second wrapping layer is double-layer reverse wrapping; the multi-layer composite structure design and the secondary wrapping mode are limited to be double-layer reverse wrapping, so that the problem that the oxygen barrier layer is heated and exudes is avoided, and the low-smoke fire-resistant power cable with low smoke, fire resistance and excellent fire resistance is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a low smoke fire resistant power cable according to the present invention;
the high-voltage cable comprises a 1-metal conductor, a 2-conductor shielding layer, a 3-insulating layer, a 4-insulating shielding layer, a 5-buffer layer, a 6-metal shielding layer, a 7-glass fiber filling rope, an 8-flame-retardant tape layer, a 9-refractory layer, a 10-first wrapping layer, an 11-oxygen-isolation layer, a 12-armor layer, a 13-second wrapping layer and a 14-outer sheath.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following specific embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the examples are merely to aid in understanding the invention and are not to be construed as a specific limitation thereof.
Example 1
A low smoke fire-resistant power cable is shown in figure 1, and has a schematic cross-sectional structure, and comprises a cable core formed by twisting 3 cable cores and glass fiber filling ropes 7, wherein the cabling direction is right, the cabling mode is back-twisted cabling, the range of the pitch diameter ratio of the cabling is 30, 4 glass fiber filling ropes 7 with phi 6mm are filled in the middle, and 28 glass fiber filling ropes 7 with phi 6mm are filled at each side;
the wire core comprises a metal conductor 1, a conductor shielding layer 2, an insulating layer 3, an insulating shielding layer 4, a buffer layer 5 and a metal shielding layer 6 which are sequentially coated outside the metal conductor 1;
the cable core is further coated with a flame-retardant tape layer 8, a flame-retardant layer 9, a first wrapping layer 10, an oxygen-insulating layer 11, an armor layer 12, a second wrapping layer 13 and an outer sheath 14 in sequence;
wherein the conductor section of the metal conductor 1 is 95mm 2 The copper-based composite conductor is made of copper, is a second round compressed conductor, has a conductor structure (1+6+12) root/2.62 mm, has a conductor minor outer layer pitch diameter ratio of 25, is twisted right, has a conductor outer layer pitch diameter ratio of 15, is twisted left, has a conductor outer diameter of 11.4mm, and effectively treats impurities such as dust, copper dust and the like on the surface by adopting a hairbrush device before the operation step of continuously extruding and wrapping the copper conductor;
the thickness of the conductor shielding layer 2 is 0.8mm, and the material is peroxide crosslinking shielding material (YPJ-10, jianghai high polymer materials Co., jiangyin, city);
the thickness of the insulating layer 3 is 4.5mm, and the material is peroxide crosslinked polyethylene (YJ-10, co., ltd. In the well-known city, co., ltd.);
the thickness of the insulating shielding layer 4 is 0.6mm, and the material is peroxide crosslinking shielding material (YPB-10, jianghai high polymer materials Co., ltd., jiangyin, a city);
the buffer layer 5 is made of a semi-conductive Teflon tape and a semi-conductive water-resistant tape, the thickness of the semi-conductive Teflon tape at the inner layer is 0.15mm, the thickness of the semi-conductive water-resistant tape at the outer layer is 0.35mm, semi-tangential wrapping is adopted, the overlapping rate of wrapping is 10%, and the outer diameter of a wire core after wrapping is 24.5mm;
the metal shielding layer 6 is made of a copper strip, the thickness of the copper strip is 0.10mm, the thinnest point is not less than 0.09mm, the copper strip is concentrically wrapped, and the overlapping rate of the wrapped copper strip is 18%; the outer diameter of the wire core after wrapping is 24.8mm;
the diameter of the glass fiber filling rope 7 is 6mm;
the material of the flame-retardant cloth belt layer 8 is a low-smoke halogen-free high-flame-retardant cloth belt (B type of Tengfen cable materials Co., ltd.) with the thickness of 0.2mm, the number of layers of the low-smoke halogen-free high-flame-retardant cloth belt is 2, the wrapping direction is the right direction, the overlapping rate is 18%, and the outer diameter of a cable core after wrapping is 55mm;
the material of the fire-resistant layer 9 is low-smoke halogen-free ceramic polyolefin (TCPE 6990A, shanghai Kort New Material Co., ltd.), and the outer diameter of the cable core after the fire-resistant layer is extruded is 61.4mm;
the first wrapping layer 10 is made of a low-smoke zero-halogen high-flame-retardance cloth belt (B type of Tengfen cable electrical appliance materials Co., ltd.) with the thickness of 0.2mm, adopts half-tangent wrapping, the wrapping direction is right, the overlapping rate is 10%, and the outer diameter of a cable core after wrapping is 62mm;
the oxygen barrier layer 11 is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame retardant polyolefin (HW 495 (B1) of Adam special cable materials factory in the sea city), the extrusion thickness of the oxygen barrier layer is 2mm, and the outer diameter of a cable core after the oxygen barrier layer is extruded is 66mm;
the armor layer 12 is made of galvanized steel strips, the thickness of the galvanized steel strips is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the thinnest part is not less than 0.45mm; the armor layer is made by winding with a half tangent type double-layer gap, the winding direction is left, the gap rate of the gap winding is 45%, the gap of the inner layer steel belt is covered by the outer layer steel belt close to the middle part, and the outer diameter of the cable core after the steel belt is wound is 68mm;
the second wrapping layer 13 is made of a high-elongation compact low-smoke halogen-free high-flame-retardant cloth belt (A type of cable materials of Tengfen, yangzhou) with the thickness of 0.2mm and the number of layers of 2 layers of flame-retardant cloth belts, adopts half-tangential double-layer reverse wrapping, has the wrapping cover rate of 20 percent and the outer diameter of a wrapped cable core of 69.2mm;
the material of the outer sheath 14 is low-smoke halogen-free flame retardant polyolefin (HW 461-9, adam special cable materials factory in the ocean city), the extrusion thickness of the outer sheath 14 is 3mm, and the outer diameter of the cable finished product is 75.4mm;
the preparation method of the low-smoke fire-resistant power cable provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) Co-extruding three layers of materials of the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer outside the metal conductor to obtain a composite conductor;
wherein, three layers of coextrusion adopts a CCV production line with phi 100+phi 175+phi 100 for processing and production, a phi 100 extruder is adopted for conductor shielding extrusion molding, a nose filter screen adopts three layers which are respectively 20 meshes, 80 meshes and 20 meshes, and the temperatures of 1 st to 8 th temperature areas of the extruder are respectively: 80 ℃, 100 ℃, 108 ℃; the insulation extrusion molding adopts a phi 175 extruder, a machine head filter screen adopts four layers, namely 20 meshes, 80 meshes, 40 meshes and 20 meshes, and the temperatures of the 1 st to 8 th temperature areas of the extruder are respectively as follows: 110 ℃, 118 ℃, 115 ℃, 117 ℃, 118 ℃; the insulation shielding extrusion molding adopts a phi 100 extruder, a nose filter screen adopts three layers, namely 20 meshes, 80 meshes and 20 meshes, and the temperatures of the 1 st to 8 th temperature areas of the extruder are respectively: 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 108 ℃;
(2) Wrapping the buffer belt and the metal shielding belt outside the composite conductor obtained in the step (1) to obtain a wire core;
(3) Twisting the 3 wire cores obtained in the step (2) and the glass fiber rope to obtain a cable core;
(4) Coating a flame-retardant cloth belt outside the cable core obtained in the step (3), sequentially extruding and wrapping a material of a flame-retardant layer, wrapping a wrapping belt, extruding and wrapping a material of an oxygen-insulating layer, wrapping a material of an armor layer, reversely wrapping two wrapping belts by adopting a double-layer, and finally extruding and wrapping a material of an outer sheath to obtain the low-smoke flame-retardant power cable;
wherein, the extrusion of the flame retardant coating adopts a phi 150 extruder, and the temperatures of the 1 st to 10 th temperature areas of the extruder are respectively as follows: 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 105 ℃, 115 ℃, 125 ℃, 135 ℃ are produced by extrusion pipe, the aperture of a mold core is 64mm, and the aperture of a mold sleeve is 80mm; the extrusion of the oxygen barrier adopts a phi 150 extruder, and the temperatures of the 1 st to 10 th temperature areas of the extruder are respectively as follows: 130 ℃, 140 ℃, 150 ℃, 155 ℃ and 155 ℃ are produced by extrusion pipe, the aperture of a mold core is 70mm, and the aperture of a mold sleeve is 84mm; the extrusion of the outer sheath adopts a phi 150 extruder, and the temperatures of the 1 st to 10 th temperature areas of the extruder are respectively as follows: 130 ℃, 140 ℃, 150 ℃, 155 ℃ and 155 ℃ are produced by semi-extrusion pipe, the aperture of the mold core is 72mm, and the aperture of the mold sleeve is 78mm.
Example 2
The low smoke and fire resistant power cable differs from example 1 only in that the second wrap has a wrap overlap ratio of 10%, and other structures, parameters and manufacturing methods are the same as example 1.
Example 3
The low smoke and fire resistant power cable differs from example 1 only in that the second wrap has a wrap overlap ratio of 5%, and other structures, parameters and manufacturing methods are the same as example 1.
Example 4
The low smoke fire-resistant power cable is different from the embodiment 1 only in that the material of the second wrapping layer 13 is a low smoke zero halogen high fire-retardant cloth belt (type B, tencer cable electric appliance material Co., ltd.), and other structures, parameters and preparation methods are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
A low smoke and fire resistant power cable differing from example 1 only in the location of the exchange oxygen barrier and fire resistant layers, other structures, parameters and methods of preparation were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The low smoke fire-resistant power cable is different from the embodiment 1 only in that the second wrapping layer adopts a half tangential type double-layer homodromous wrapping layer, and other structures, parameters and preparation methods are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
The low smoke fire-resistant power cable differs from example 1 only in that the second wrapping layer has 1 layer of fire-resistant cloth tape, and other structures, parameters and preparation methods are the same as those of example 1.
Performance test:
(1) Smoke density: the test is carried out by referring to the test method provided by IEC 61034-2;
(2) Fire resistance: test is carried out by referring to a test method provided by TICW 8;
(3) Bundle flame retardancy: the test is performed by referring to the test method provided in GB/T18380.
The low smoke fire resistant power cables provided in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested according to the above test methods, and the test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
From the data in table 1, it can be seen that:
the low smoke fire-resistant power cable obtained in examples 1-2 has a smoke density test light transmittance as high as 63-85%, which indicates that the low smoke fire-resistant power cable has low smoke characteristics, and a bundled fire-resistant test shows that the carbonization height is 0.6-0.7 m, which indicates that the cable also has excellent fire resistance, and the fire resistance test is not broken down, and has excellent fire resistance.
Compared with example 1, the comparative example 1 exchanges the positions of the oxygen barrier layer and the flame retardant layer, resulting in that the flame retardant layer is obviously deformed and the heat insulation performance is reduced at a thinner part during a flame resistance test of the obtained power cable, so that external heat is transmitted inwards, and the flame resistance level is reduced.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the second wrapping layers in the comparative examples 2-3 adopt the same-direction wrapping or single-layer wrapping, which can lead to a small amount of seepage of the oxygen barrier layer during combustion, so that the smoke density level of the power cable is reduced, and even the fire resistance of the power cable can be influenced if the seepage amount of the oxygen barrier layer is larger.
The second wrapping layer in example 3 has a smaller overlap ratio than that in example 1, resulting in deterioration of smoke density of the power cable and also has an influence on fire resistance of the power cable.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the material of the second wrapping layer in the embodiment 4 is harder, and the elongation is small, so that the oxygen barrier layer can be heated and expanded to burst the second wrapping layer, a large amount of overflow is caused, and the smoke density level of the power cable is obviously reduced.
The applicant states that the invention is illustrated by the above examples as a method of making and using a low smoke fire resistant power cable, but the invention is not limited to, i.e. it is not meant to be necessarily dependent on, the above process steps. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of selected raw materials, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc. fall within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A low smoke, fire resistant power cable, characterized in that the low smoke, fire resistant power cable comprises a cable core;
the cable core is formed by twisting 3 wire cores and glass fiber filling ropes;
the wire core comprises a metal conductor, and a conductor shielding layer, an insulating shielding layer, a buffer layer and a metal shielding layer which are sequentially coated outside the metal conductor;
the cable core is sequentially coated with a flame-retardant tape layer, a flame-retardant layer, a first wrapping layer, an oxygen-isolating layer, an armor layer, a second wrapping layer and an outer sheath;
and the wrapping mode of the second wrapping layer is double-layer reverse wrapping.
2. The low smoke and fire resistant power cable according to claim 1 wherein the metal conductor is stranded from a plurality of metal monofilaments;
preferably, the metal monofilaments comprise copper wires;
preferably, the cross section area of the metal conductor is 35-630 mm 2 ；
Preferably, the material of the conductor shielding layer comprises a peroxide crosslinking type shielding material, and more preferably a peroxide crosslinking semiconductive polyolefin shielding material;
preferably, the thickness of the conductor shielding layer is 0.6-0.9 mm;
preferably, the material of the insulating layer comprises peroxide crosslinked polyethylene;
preferably, the thickness of the insulating layer is 4.2-4.7 mm;
preferably, the material of the insulating shielding layer comprises a peroxide crosslinking shielding material, and more preferably a peroxide crosslinking semiconductive polyolefin shielding material;
preferably, the thickness of the insulating shielding layer is 0.5-0.8 mm.
3. The low smoke and fire resistant power cable according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the material of the buffer layer comprises a semiconductive terdolon tape and a semiconductive water blocking tape;
preferably, the thickness of the semiconductive Teflon tape is 0.15-0.25 mm;
preferably, the thickness of the semiconducting water-resistant band is 0.25-0.35 mm;
preferably, the wrapping mode of the buffer layer is half tangent wrapping;
preferably, the overlapping width of the semi-tangent winding is not less than 5mm.
4. A low smoke and fire resistant power cable according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the metal shielding layer is copper tape;
preferably, the thickness of the metal shielding layer is 0.09-0.1 mm;
preferably, the wrapping mode of the metal shielding layer is concentric wrapping;
preferably, the overlap ratio of the concentric wrapping is not less than 5%.
5. The low smoke, fire resistant power cable according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the glass fiber filled cord has a diameter of 5.5 to 6.5mm;
preferably, the thickness of the flame-retardant tape layer is 0.2-0.3 mm.
6. The low smoke, fire resistant power cable according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the material of the fire resistant layer is a halogen free ceramic polyolefin;
preferably, the thickness of the refractory layer is 3.2-4 mm;
preferably, the material of the first wrapping layer is a flame-retardant cloth tape;
preferably, the thickness of the first wrapping layer is 0.2-0.3 mm;
preferably, the wrapping mode of the first wrapping layer is half tangent wrapping;
preferably, the overlapping width of the semi-tangent winding is not less than 5mm.
7. The low smoke, fire resistant power cable according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the material of the oxygen barrier layer comprises a low smoke, halogen free, flame retardant polyolefin;
preferably, the thickness of the oxygen barrier layer is 2-3 mm;
preferably, the material of the armor layer is galvanized steel strip;
preferably, the thickness of the armor layer is 0.5-0.8 mm;
preferably, the wrapping mode of the armor layer is half-tangential double-layer gap wrapping;
preferably, the gap rate of the semi-tangent double-layer gap wrapping is 40-45%;
preferably, the material of the second wrapping layer is a flame-retardant cloth tape;
preferably, the thickness of the second wrapping layer is 0.2-0.3 mm;
preferably, the overlapping rate of the double-layer reverse wrapping is not lower than 10%;
preferably, the material of the outer sheath is low-smoke halogen-free flame retardant polyolefin;
preferably, the thickness of the outer sheath is 2-4.9 mm.
8. A method of making a low smoke, fire resistant power cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) Co-extruding three layers of materials of the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer outside the metal conductor to obtain a composite conductor;
(2) Wrapping the buffer belt and the metal shielding belt outside the composite conductor obtained in the step (1) to obtain a wire core;
(3) Twisting the 3 wire cores obtained in the step (2) and the glass fiber rope to obtain a cable core;
(4) And (3) coating a flame-retardant cloth belt outside the cable core obtained in the step (3), extruding a material of a flame-retardant layer, wrapping a layer of wrapping belt, extruding a material of an oxygen-insulating layer, wrapping a material of an armor layer, wrapping two layers of wrapping belt in a double-layer reverse wrapping manner, and finally extruding a material of an outer sheath to obtain the low-smoke flame-retardant power cable.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the material of the extruded outer jacket of step (4) is produced in a semi-extruded tube.
10. Use of a low smoke and fire resistant power cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in subway equipment, high rise buildings or tunnels.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310695570.6A CN116798693A (en) | 2023-06-13 | 2023-06-13 | Low-smoke fire-resistant power cable and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310695570.6A CN116798693A (en) | 2023-06-13 | 2023-06-13 | Low-smoke fire-resistant power cable and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN202310695570.6A Pending CN116798693A (en) | 2023-06-13 | 2023-06-13 | Low-smoke fire-resistant power cable and preparation method and application thereof |
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- 2023-06-13 CN CN202310695570.6A patent/CN116798693A/en active Pending
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