CN116793239A - Optical fiber strain determining method and device based on phase demodulation and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Optical fiber strain determining method and device based on phase demodulation and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an optical fiber strain determining method and device based on phase demodulation and electronic equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: under the condition that a laser signal reflects a plurality of reflected light signals through an optical fiber to be detected, determining impulse response signals corresponding to the reflected light signals respectively, wherein pulse widths corresponding to the impulse response signals are different; determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to all impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to all impulse response signals; and determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters. The method utilizes the impulse response signals with different pulse widths, can accurately determine the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals, and further accurately determine the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be tested.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of signal demodulation technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for determining optical fiber strain based on phase demodulation, and an electronic device.
Background
The distributed optical fiber sensing uses an optical fiber as a medium, and can effectively measure the spatial distribution of physical quantities such as temperature, strain and the like along the optical fiber by utilizing natural scattering processes (such as Rayleigh scattering) existing in the optical fiber. The phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (Phase Sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometry, phi-OTDR) based on Rayleigh scattering is a distributed multipath interferometer and has the characteristic of high sensitivity. The Rayleigh scattering-based phi-OTDR can realize quantitative monitoring of weak strain in scenes such as distributed sound field sensing (Distributed Acoustic Sensing, DAS), distributed hydrophone, seismic detection and the like by measuring the phase of a coherent Rayleigh optical signal and utilizing the linear relation between the physical state (temperature or strain) of an optical fiber and the Rayleigh scattering optical phase.
The strain of the existing optical fiber is often determined by adopting a single-pulse differential-unwrapping-integrating algorithm, a pulse same-width double-wavelength method, a pulse same-width frequency division multiplexing method, a pulse same-width polarization-phase joint unwrapping algorithm, a frequency scanning method, a chirped pulse method and the like, but the strain information of the optical fiber finally obtained by the electronic equipment is inaccurate due to the corresponding limitations of the methods.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an optical fiber strain determining method, an optical fiber strain determining device and electronic equipment based on phase demodulation, which are used for solving the defect that the existing optical fiber strain determining method has limitations, so that the strain information of an optical fiber finally obtained by the electronic equipment is not accurate enough.
The invention provides an optical fiber strain determining method based on phase demodulation, which comprises the following steps:
under the condition that a plurality of reflected light signals are reflected by a laser signal through an optical fiber to be detected, determining impulse response signals corresponding to the reflected light signals respectively, wherein pulse widths corresponding to the impulse response signals are different;
Determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to all impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to all impulse response signals;
and determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters.
According to the method for determining the optical fiber strain based on the phase demodulation, which is provided by the invention, the phase scaling parameters corresponding to all impulse response signals are determined according to the pulse widths corresponding to all the impulse response signals, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring respective phase differences of all impulse response signals; acquiring parameter ranges corresponding to all phase scaling parameters respectively, wherein each parameter range comprises a plurality of sub-phase scaling parameters; according to the pulse width and all phase differences corresponding to all impulse response signals, determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals from the parameter ranges; or determining the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals according to the pulse widths and the phase differences corresponding to the impulse response signals.
According to the method for determining the optical fiber strain based on the phase demodulation, which is provided by the invention, according to the pulse width and the phase difference corresponding to each impulse response signal, the phase scaling parameters corresponding to each impulse response signal are determined from each parameter range, and the method comprises the following steps: in the case where all the impulse response signals include a first impulse response signal and at least one second impulse response signal other than the first impulse response signal, acquiring, for each second impulse response signal, a first pulse width and a first phase difference corresponding to the first impulse response signal, and a second pulse width and a second phase difference corresponding to the second impulse response signal; determining a ratio of the first pulse width to the second pulse width according to the first pulse width, the first phase difference, the second pulse width and the second phase difference; and determining the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals from the parameter ranges according to all the ratios.
According to the method for determining optical fiber strain based on phase demodulation provided by the invention, when a laser signal reflects a plurality of reflected light signals through an optical fiber to be detected, the method for determining the pulse response signals corresponding to the reflected light signals comprises the following steps: under the condition that a plurality of measuring optical signals are generated according to the laser signals, pulse signals corresponding to the measuring optical signals are filtered through corresponding band-pass filters, and impulse response signals corresponding to the measuring optical signals are obtained; or, under the condition that the chirped optical signal is determined according to the laser signal, the chirped optical signal is subjected to matched filtering to obtain impulse response signals corresponding to the reflection optical signals.
According to the method for determining the optical fiber strain based on the phase demodulation, according to all ratios, the phase scaling parameters corresponding to each impulse response signal are determined from each parameter range, and the method comprises the following steps: according to the first relation, determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to each impulse response signal from each parameter range; wherein the first relation is:τ a representing a first pulse width corresponding to the first impulse response signal; τ b Representing a second pulse width corresponding to any one of the at least one second impulse response signal; n (N) a Representing a phase scaling parameter corresponding to the first impulse response signal; n (N) b Representing a phase scaling parameter corresponding to the second impulse response signal; />A first phase difference representing two adjacent moments after the first impulse response signal is unwound; />Representing a second phase difference between two adjacent moments after the second impulse response signal is unwound; k (K) b Representing the first pulse width tau a And the second pulse width tau b Is a ratio of (2).
According to the method for determining the optical fiber strain based on the phase demodulation, which is provided by the invention, the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals are determined according to the pulse widths and the phase differences corresponding to the impulse response signals, and the method comprises the following steps: determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals according to a second relational expression; wherein the second relation is: representing the phase change quantity corresponding to the ith pulse width in M pulse widths, wherein M is more than or equal to 2; />The ratio of the jth pulse width to the ith pulse width is represented, i noteq j; n (N) i Representing a phase scaling parameter corresponding to an ith impulse response signal in the M impulse response signals; />Indicating the phase difference between two adjacent moments after the i-th impulse response signal is unwound.
According to the optical fiber strain determining method based on phase demodulation provided by the invention, the parameter ranges corresponding to all phase scaling parameters are obtained, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the amplitude corresponding to the detection signal, the frequency information corresponding to the amplitude and the initial parameter ranges corresponding to all the phase scaling parameters; and screening the data in all the initial parameter ranges according to the amplitude and the frequency information to obtain the parameter ranges corresponding to all the phase scaling parameters.
The invention also provides an optical fiber strain determining device based on phase demodulation, which comprises:
the processing module is used for determining impulse response signals corresponding to the multiple reflected light signals respectively under the condition that the laser signals reflect the multiple reflected light signals through the optical fiber to be detected, and the pulse widths corresponding to the impulse response signals are different; determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to all impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to all impulse response signals; and determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters.
The invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the optical fiber strain determination method based on phase demodulation as described in any one of the above when executing the program.
The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of determining optical fiber strain based on phase demodulation as described in any one of the above.
The invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which when executed by a processor implements a method of determining optical fibre strain based on phase demodulation as described in any one of the above.
According to the optical fiber strain determining method, the optical fiber strain determining device and the electronic equipment based on phase demodulation, under the condition that a laser signal reflects a plurality of reflected light signals through an optical fiber to be detected, impulse response signals corresponding to the reflected light signals are determined, and pulse widths corresponding to the impulse response signals are different; determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to all impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to all impulse response signals; and determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters. The method utilizes the impulse response signals with different pulse widths, can accurately determine the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals, and further accurately determine the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be tested.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining optical fiber strain based on phase demodulation;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which an electronic device obtains an impulse response information signal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of the amplitude of the driving signal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2c is a schematic frequency diagram of a driving signal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2d is a schematic diagram of the amplitude of the driving signal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2e is a second frequency chart of the driving signal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2f is a schematic diagram of an impulse response signal provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fiber strain determining device based on phase demodulation according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The existing optical fiber strain determining method can comprise a single-pulse differential-unwrapping-integrating algorithm, a pulse same-width double-wavelength method, a pulse same-width frequency division multiplexing method, a pulse same-width polarization-phase combined unwrapping algorithm, a frequency scanning method, a chirp pulse method and the like.
Wherein the single-pulse differential-unwrapping-integrating algorithm: based on the traditional single pulse phi-OTDR system, the post-processing algorithm is improved. When demodulating large strain, firstly performing n-step differential operation on the winding phase, then performing winding and finally obtaining correct strain through an integral mode.
Pulse same width double wave length method: two lasers are used for simultaneously pumping two pulses with the same pulse width and different wavelengths into the optical fiber to be tested, and the phase difference between the two wavelengths is utilized for phase extraction because the corresponding phases of the same strain under different wavelengths are different.
The frequency division multiplexing method of the same pulse width comprises the following steps: m pulses with different frequencies and the same pulse width are sequentially driven into the optical fiber to be measured, phase information under M frequencies is obtained through a band-pass filter, and the method is equivalent to increasing the sampling rate by M times, so that the dynamic range can be increased by M times.
Pulse same-width polarization-phase joint unwrapping algorithm: 2 pulses with the same pulse width and different frequencies are driven into the optical fiber to be detected, and the corresponding phase change quantity is obtained based on the assumption that the intensity and the phase are in a linear relation by utilizing the phenomenon that the sensitivity of the intensity to the strain is lower than that of the phase to the strain.
The frequency scanning method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining Rayleigh scattering patterns along the positions of optical fibers by continuously driving pulses with different frequencies into the optical fibers to be measured for a plurality of times, wherein the interval of each pulse is larger than the length of the optical fibers, and obtaining strain values by estimating the frequency offset of each optical fiber position between different measurements.
Chirped pulse method: the frequency offset is converted into the time offset by using the chirped pulse, and then the time offset can be obtained by cross-correlating the time domain signals, so that the corresponding strain value is obtained.
However, these methods have disadvantages and can be divided into three categories:
First category: high cost and complex system. For example, in the method of frequency division multiplexing with the same pulse width, two lasers and two receivers are needed; in the frequency division multiplexing method with the same pulse width, the dynamic range of the measurable strain and the number M of the pulses form a linear relation, if the phase change far exceeding pi is required to be measured, a plurality of pulses with different frequencies are required to be driven, and the complexity of a system is increased; in chirped pulse methods, receivers with bandwidths up to tens of GHz are required and the hardware requirements are too high.
The second category: the sampling bandwidth is sacrificed. Such as single-pulse differential-unwrapping-integrating algorithms sacrifice 6 times the sampling bandwidth; for example, the frequency scanning method sacrifices the sampling bandwidth by P times, where P is the number of frequency scans.
Third category: the robustness is low. The assumption that the intensity and the phase are in a linear relationship lacks theoretical basis, such as a pulse same-width polarization-phase joint unwrapping algorithm, so that the unwrapping method is only established in a few specific scenes.
In summary, the existing optical fiber strain determining methods have corresponding limitations, so that the strain information of the optical fiber finally obtained by the electronic equipment is not accurate enough.
It should be noted that, the execution body according to the embodiment of the present invention may be an optical fiber strain determining device based on phase demodulation, or may be an electronic device, where the electronic device may include: computer, mobile terminal, wearable device, etc.
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention by taking an electronic device as an example.
As shown in fig. 1, a flow chart of a method for determining optical fiber strain based on phase demodulation according to the present invention may include:
101. when the laser signal reflects a plurality of reflected light signals through the optical fiber to be detected, the impulse response signals corresponding to the reflected light signals are determined.
The pulse widths corresponding to the impulse response signals are different, and the pulse widths may also be referred to as pulse widths, which refer to periods for which the impulse response signals can reach a maximum value. The number of the impulse response signals is M, M is more than or equal to 2, and the pulse width corresponding to the ith impulse response signal in the M impulse response signals can be tau i And (3) representing.
The laser signal may be generated by a laser, meaning stimulated radiation to produce an amplified optical signal.
The optical fiber to be measured has natural scattering processes (such as Rayleigh, spontaneous Raman and spontaneous/stimulated Brillouin scattering) and has the advantages of small volume, light weight, easy bending, small loss, good electromagnetic interference resistance, good radiation resistance and the like. The distributed optical fiber sensor can measure the spatial distribution of physical quantities such as temperature, strain and the like along the optical fiber by taking the optical fiber to be measured as a medium and utilizing a natural scattering process.
The reflected light signal refers to a light signal reflected by the optical fiber to be measured when incident light strikes the optical fiber to be measured, and is a continuous signal.
The impulse response signal is a discrete signal.
In the case that the laser signal reflects a plurality of reflected light signals via the optical fiber to be measured, the electronic device may determine, for any one of the plurality of reflected light signals, an impulse response signal corresponding to the reflected light signal. Based on how many reflected light signals are, the electronic device will acquire how many impulse response signals.
In some embodiments, in the case that the laser signal reflects a plurality of reflected light signals through the optical fiber to be measured, the electronic device determines the impulse response signals corresponding to the plurality of reflected light signals respectively, which may include, but is not limited to, one of the following implementation manners:
implementation 1: when the electronic device generates a plurality of measuring optical signals according to the laser signals, the electronic device filters pulse signals corresponding to the measuring optical signals through corresponding band-pass filters to obtain pulse response signals corresponding to the measuring optical signals.
The measurement optical signal refers to an optical signal used for measurement, and is a pulse signal. The number of the measuring optical signals is M, and M is more than or equal to 2.
In the process of acquiring the impulse response signals, the electronic equipment can modulate a plurality of measurement optical signals under the condition that the plurality of measurement optical signals are generated according to the laser signals, and then obtain one reflected optical signal corresponding to the plurality of pulse signals by passing the pulse signals corresponding to the modulated measurement optical signals through the optical fiber to be measured; then, the reflected light signal can be subjected to analog-to-digital conversion and filtered through the corresponding band-pass filter, so that a plurality of impulse response signals corresponding to the reflected light signal can be obtained.
Exemplary, as shown in fig. 2a, a schematic diagram of a scenario in which an electronic device acquires an impulse response information signal is provided in the present invention. In fig. 2a, the electronic device may determine, according to the laser signal, an impulse response signal corresponding to each of a plurality of reflected lights corresponding to the laser signal. The electronic device may be a phase demodulation system based on a phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (Phase Sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometry, Φ -OTDR), and the phase demodulation system based on Φ -OTDR may include a laser, a coupler, a modulation device, a driving device, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a circulator, a receiver, a processing device, and the like, where the receiver includes a photoelectric conversion unit and an acquisition unit.
The process of the electronic device obtaining the impulse response signal is specifically as follows: the laser emits laser signals, and the laser signals can obtain two beams of optical signals, namely a measuring optical signal and a local oscillator optical signal, through a coupler; then, the driving device can apply a driving signal and modulate the measuring light signal by combining the modulating device to obtain an optical pulse signal (short for pulse signal) corresponding to the measuring light signal; then, amplifying the power of the optical pulse signal by the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier until the amplified power reaches a preset power range; then, the amplified optical pulse signal can be input into an optical fiber to be tested through a circulator; then, the optical fiber to be tested returns backward Rayleigh scattered light based on the optical pulse signal, namely reflected light signals are reflected; then, a photoelectric conversion unit in the receiver interferes the reflected light signal and the local oscillator light signal and converts the interference into an electric signal, and an acquisition unit in the receiver acquires the electric signal to obtain respective corresponding impulse response signals; finally, the processing means may determine the phase information corresponding to the self-corresponding impulse response signal. In this way, the electronic device can effectively solve the problem of limited measurable phase range according to the impulse response signals corresponding to different pulse widths.
The local oscillator optical signals are optical signals which keep the original characteristics and are used as references, are continuous signals, and the number of the local oscillator optical signals can be 1.
The preset power range is constructed by a first preset power threshold and a second preset power threshold, and the first preset power threshold is smaller than the second preset power threshold. Optionally, the preset power range may be set before the erbium-doped fiber amplifier leaves the factory, or may be user-defined, which is not limited herein specifically.
Optionally, in combination with fig. 2a and implementation 1, the driving device and the modulating device are schematic amplitude diagrams of the driving signal provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 2b, and schematic frequency diagrams of the driving signal provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 2c, in the process of modulating the measurement optical signal.
In the case that the laser signal corresponds to M measuring light signals, the driving device is arranged atAfter the driving signal is applied, the M measuring light signals can be modulated by combining a modulating device to obtain light pulse signals corresponding to the M measuring light signals, and the pulse widths corresponding to the M light pulse signals are tau respectively 1 ,τ 2 ,…,τ M The corresponding frequencies are f 1 ,f 2 ,…,f M The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then, aiming at the ith optical pulse signal in the M optical pulse signals, the optical pulse signal is transmitted through an optical fiber to be detected, and one reflected optical signal corresponding to the plurality of pulse signals is obtained; then, the reflected light signal can be subjected to analog-to-digital conversion and filtered through the corresponding band-pass filter, so that a plurality of impulse response signals corresponding to the reflected light signal can be obtained, and phase information corresponding to the impulse response signals under different pulse widths can be accurately determined later.
There are various arrangements of the amplitude and frequency of the M driving signals, which are not particularly limited herein.
Implementation 2: and the electronic equipment performs matched filtering on the linear frequency modulation optical signals under the condition that the linear frequency modulation optical signals are determined according to the laser signals, so as to obtain impulse response signals corresponding to the reflection optical signals.
Optionally, in combination with fig. 2a and implementation 2, the driving device and the modulating device are schematic amplitude diagrams of the driving signal provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 2d, and schematic frequency diagrams of the driving signal provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 2e, in the process of modulating the measurement optical signal.
The signal which is driven into the optical fiber to be detected is a linear frequency modulation optical signal (namely a chirped pulse optical signal), the corresponding duration time of the linear frequency modulation optical signal is tau', and the corresponding bandwidth is B; the electronic equipment can compress the linear frequency modulation optical signal in a matched filtering mode to obtain an impulse response signal corresponding to the linear frequency modulation optical signal, and the equivalent pulse width corresponding to the impulse response signal is 1/B. Based on the above, after matching and filtering the linear frequency modulated optical signals with different bandwidths, M pulse widths can be obtained and are respectively equivalent toImpulse response of (2) The beat frequency signals corresponding to the scattered light signals and the local oscillation light signals respectively correspond to the beat frequency signals, namely the impulse response signals, as shown in fig. 2f, are schematic diagrams of the impulse response signals provided by the invention, so that the phase information corresponding to the impulse response signals under different pulse widths can be accurately determined later.
The bandwidth selection method corresponding to the chirped optical signals is not limited to the bandwidth corresponding to the impulse response signal corresponding to each chirped optical signal in fig. 2f, and the same frequency is used as the initial value.
102. And determining the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to the impulse response signals.
Wherein the phase scaling parameter refers to an integer multiple of the phase difference +2pi. The phase scaling parameter corresponding to the ith impulse response signal of the plurality of impulse response signals can be N i The number of the phase scaling parameters is M, and M is equal to or greater than 2.
For each impulse response signal, the electronic device can determine the phase scaling parameter corresponding to the impulse response signal according to the pulse width corresponding to the impulse response signal, so that the electronic device can obtain the phase scaling parameter according to the pulse width.
In some embodiments, the electronic device determines the phase scaling parameters corresponding to each of the impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to each of the impulse response signals, which may include, but is not limited to, one of the following implementations:
implementation 1: the electronic equipment acquires phase differences corresponding to all impulse response signals respectively; the electronic equipment acquires parameter ranges corresponding to all phase scaling parameters respectively, wherein each parameter range can comprise a plurality of sub-phase scaling parameters; the electronic device determines phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals from the parameter ranges according to the pulse widths and the phase differences corresponding to the impulse response signals.
The parameter ranges corresponding to the different phase scaling parameters are different, and the parameter ranges are user-defined.
Aiming at each parameter range, the number of sub-phase scaling parameters in the parameter range is n, and n is more than or equal to 2;
because of M phase scaling parameters, the electronic device can acquire M parameter ranges; then, the electronic equipment determines the phase scaling parameter corresponding to the ith impulse response signal from the ith parameter range according to all the pulse widths acquired before, based on the phase scaling parameter corresponding to the ith impulse response signal, the electronic equipment can accurately determine the phase scaling parameter corresponding to each impulse response signal from the parameter range corresponding to each phase scaling parameter according to all the pulse widths, and data support is provided for the strain information of the optical fiber to be measured which is determined subsequently.
In some embodiments, the electronic device obtaining the parameter ranges corresponding to all the phase scaling parameters respectively may include: the electronic equipment acquires the amplitude corresponding to the detection signal, the frequency information corresponding to the amplitude and the initial parameter ranges corresponding to all the phase scaling parameters; the electronic equipment screens the data in all initial parameter ranges according to the amplitude and frequency information to obtain the parameter ranges corresponding to all phase scaling parameters.
After the electronic device obtains the amplitude of the detection signal, the frequency information corresponding to the amplitude and the N sub-phase scaling parameters corresponding to the i-th phase scaling parameter, the electronic device may filter from the N sub-phase scaling parameters according to the amplitude and the frequency information to obtain the N sub-phase scaling parameters corresponding to the i-th phase scaling parameter.
Wherein the N sub-phase scaling parameters constitute an initial parameter range, N is greater than or equal to N is greater than or equal to 2. Based on the amplitude and the frequency information, the electronic device can accurately determine the parameter range corresponding to each phase scaling parameter.
Illustratively, assume that the i-th phase scaling parameter corresponds to an initial parameter range of { -100, …, λ, …,100}; the electronic device determines {0, …, ζ, …,50} from { -100, …, λ, …,100} according to the amplitude of the detection signal and the frequency information corresponding to the amplitude, where {0, …, ζ, …,50} is the parameter range corresponding to the i-th phase scaling parameter.
In some embodiments, the determining, by the electronic device, a phase scaling parameter corresponding to each impulse response signal from each parameter range according to pulse widths and all phase differences corresponding to each impulse response signal, may include: the electronic device obtains a first pulse width and a first phase difference corresponding to the first impulse response signal and a second pulse width and a second phase difference corresponding to the second impulse response signal for each second impulse response signal when all the impulse response signals comprise the first impulse response signal and at least one second impulse response signal except the first impulse response signal; the electronic equipment determines the ratio of the first pulse width to the second pulse width according to the first pulse width, the first phase difference, the second pulse width and the second phase difference; the electronic device determines phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals from the parameter ranges according to all the ratios.
Since the number of impulse response signals is M, the number of first impulse response signals is 1, and the number of second impulse response signals is M-1. For any one of the M-1 second impulse response signals, the electronic device can acquire a first pulse width and a first phase difference corresponding to the first impulse response signal, and a second pulse width and a second phase difference of the second impulse response signal, so as to determine a ratio corresponding to the first pulse width and the second pulse width, and based on the ratio, the electronic device can acquire M-1 ratios; then, the electronic device can determine the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals from the parameter ranges according to the M-1 ratios.
In some embodiments, the electronic device determining, from the parameter ranges, a phase scaling parameter corresponding to each impulse response signal according to all the ratios, may include: the electronic device determines phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals from the parameter ranges according to the first relation.
Wherein, the first relation is:
τ a representing a first pulse width corresponding to the first impulse response signal; τ b Representing a second pulse width corresponding to any one of the at least one second impulse response signal; n (N) a Representing a phase scaling parameter corresponding to the first impulse response signal; n (N) b Representing a phase scaling parameter corresponding to the second impulse response signal;a first phase difference representing two adjacent moments after the first impulse response signal is unwound; />Representing a second phase difference between two adjacent moments after the second impulse response signal is unwound; k (K) b Representing a first pulse width tau a And a second pulse width tau b Is a ratio of (2).
In the process of determining the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals by the electronic equipment, aiming at the ith impulse response signal in the M impulse response signals, the phase change quantity corresponding to the ith impulse response signalCan use formula (1)/(>Wherein R represents a phase strain coefficient, deltaε represents strain information generated by the external environment, c represents light velocity, τ c Represents the pulse width corresponding to the ith impulse response signal, n e Indicating the refractive index of the fiber under test. The phase change amount refers to the phase change degree of the corresponding impulse response signal after the measuring optical signal passes through the optical fiber to be measured, and the refractive index refers to the ratio of the speed of light to the speed of the reflected optical signal in the optical fiber to be measured.
For the same strain information delta epsilon, the phase change amounts corresponding to different pulse widths are different, and the formula (2) can be usedAnd (3) representing.
At this time, the electronic apparatus combines the formula (1) and the formula (2) to obtain the formula (3), i.eN i Indicating the phase scaling parameter corresponding to the ith impulse response signal,/->Indicating the phase difference between two adjacent moments after the i-th impulse response signal is unwound.
Further, the electronic device may derive the formula (3) to obtain a first relational expression, and further accurately obtain, according to the first relational expression, a phase scaling parameter corresponding to each impulse response signal from each parameter range.
Illustratively, the phase strain coefficient R may have a value of 9.09 rad/(μεm).
Implementation 2: the electronic equipment acquires phase differences corresponding to all impulse response signals respectively; the electronic device determines phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals according to the pulse widths and the phase differences corresponding to the impulse response signals.
According to the remainder theorem, after obtaining the phase differences between two adjacent moments after the respective unwrapping of all the impulse response signals, the electronic device can further accurately determine the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals by combining the pulse widths corresponding to the respective impulse response signals, wherein the number of the phase differences is M.
In some embodiments, the determining, by the electronic device, the phase scaling parameter corresponding to each impulse response signal according to the pulse widths and the phase differences corresponding to each of the impulse response signals may include: and the electronic equipment determines the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals according to the second relation.
Wherein the second relation is:
representing the phase change quantity corresponding to the ith pulse width in M pulse widths, wherein M is more than or equal to 2; />The ratio of the jth pulse width to the ith pulse width is represented, i noteq j; n (N) i Representing a phase scaling parameter corresponding to an ith impulse response signal in the M impulse response signals; />Indicating the phase difference between two adjacent moments after the i-th impulse response signal is unwound.
In the process of determining the phase scaling parameters corresponding to each impulse response signal by the electronic equipment, the remainder theorem can be utilized to carry outDeriving from the above formula (3) to obtain a second relational expression, wherein M bases are 2πK i The remainder theorem problem of (i=1, …, M), and further, the electronic device accurately obtains the phase scaling parameters corresponding to each impulse response signal according to the second relational expression.
Alternatively, according to formula (4)The upper limit of the measurable phase can be determined, and thus the upper limit of the measurable phase and the number M of impulse response signals are exponentially related, i.e. have a higher linear relationship.
It should be noted that, whether in the above implementation 1 or the above implementation 2, the electronic device may accurately determine the phase scaling parameters corresponding to each impulse response signal by means of different pulse widths, so as to provide data support for determining strain information of the optical fiber to be measured later.
103. And determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters.
The strain information refers to a degree of stretching or compression, which may be expressed as delta epsilon, of the optical fiber to be measured when it is deformed.
After the electronic equipment acquires the M phase scaling parameters, strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured can be determined according to the M phase scaling parameters, and the accuracy of the strain information is higher.
Optionally, the electronic device determines strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters, which may include, but is not limited to, one of the following implementation manners:
Implementation 1: and the electronic equipment determines the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be tested according to any phase scaling parameter in all the phase scaling parameters.
Because the electronic equipment does not have noise in the process of determining the optical fiber to be measured, after the electronic equipment acquires M phase scaling parameters, M strain information obtained according to the M phase scaling parameters is the same. At this time, the electronic device only needs to randomly select one phase scaling parameter from the M phase scaling parameters, and then calculates the randomly selected phase scaling parameter to obtain strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured.
Specifically, in the process of determining strain information corresponding to an optical fiber to be tested, the electronic device firstly randomly selects one phase scaling parameter from all phase scaling parameters, and N is available k A representation; then, based on the formula (3) in step 102Determining the target formula as +.>Due to N k And->It is known that +.>And further accurately obtaining the strain information delta epsilon corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured.
Illustratively, let τ be 1 ＝15ns，τ 2 ＝10ns， At this time, a->N can be obtained according to the first relation or the second relation 1 ＝4，N 2 =3, thereby obtaining +.>And further obtain strain information delta epsilon with high accuracy.
Implementation 2: aiming at each phase scaling parameter, the electronic equipment determines initial strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be tested according to the phase scaling parameter; and the electronic equipment determines the average value of all initial strain information as the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be tested.
Since the electronic device has noise influence in the process of determining the optical fiber to be measured, after acquiring the M phase scaling parameters, the electronic device obtains M initial strain information according to the M phase scaling parameters, which is different and has small variation. At this time, in order to ensure the accuracy of the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured, the electronic device may calculate the average value corresponding to the M initial strain information, and determine the average value as the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured, where the strain information is also more accurate.
In the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that a laser signal reflects a plurality of reflected light signals through an optical fiber to be detected, impulse response signals corresponding to the plurality of reflected light signals are determined; determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to all impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to all impulse response signals; and determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters. The method can accurately determine the phase scaling parameters corresponding to each impulse response signal by utilizing the impulse response signals with different pulse widths, thereby accurately determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be tested.
In addition, the method solves the problem of winding error when the real phase difference between two adjacent moments caused by large strain, namely external disturbance, is larger than pi, and simultaneously effectively avoids the defects of high hardware cost requirement, low sacrifice of sampling bandwidth and low robustness in the prior art.
The optical fiber strain determining device based on phase demodulation provided by the invention is described below, and the optical fiber strain determining device based on phase demodulation described below and the optical fiber strain determining method based on phase demodulation described above can be referred to correspondingly.
As shown in fig. 3, the optical fiber strain determining device based on phase demodulation provided by the invention may include: a processing module 301 and an acquisition module 302;
the processing module 301 is configured to determine impulse response signals corresponding to the multiple reflected optical signals when the laser signals reflect the multiple reflected optical signals via the optical fiber to be tested, where pulse widths corresponding to the impulse response signals are different; determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to all impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to all impulse response signals; and determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters.
Optionally, an acquiring module 302 is configured to acquire phase differences corresponding to all the impulse response signals; acquiring parameter ranges corresponding to all phase scaling parameters respectively, wherein each parameter range comprises a plurality of sub-phase scaling parameters;
the processing module 301 is specifically configured to determine, from each parameter range, a phase scaling parameter corresponding to each impulse response signal according to the pulse widths and all phase differences corresponding to each impulse response signal; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
the processing module 301 is further configured to determine a phase scaling parameter corresponding to each of the impulse response signals according to the pulse widths and the phase differences corresponding to each of the impulse response signals.
Optionally, in the case that all the impulse response signals include a first impulse response signal and at least one second impulse response signal other than the first impulse response signal, an obtaining module 302 is configured to obtain, for each second impulse response signal, a first pulse width and a first phase difference corresponding to the first impulse response signal, and a second pulse width and a second phase difference corresponding to the second impulse response signal;
the processing module 301 is specifically configured to determine a ratio of the first pulse width to the second pulse width according to the first pulse width, the first phase difference, the second pulse width, and the second phase difference; and determining the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals from the parameter ranges according to all the ratios.
Optionally, the processing module 301 is specifically configured to, when generating a plurality of measurement optical signals according to a laser signal, filter pulse signals corresponding to the plurality of measurement optical signals through corresponding band-pass filters, so as to obtain pulse response signals corresponding to the plurality of measurement optical signals; or, under the condition that the chirped optical signal is determined according to the laser signal, the chirped optical signal is subjected to matched filtering to obtain impulse response signals corresponding to the reflection optical signals.
Optionally, the processing module 301 is specifically configured to determine, according to a first relation, a phase scaling parameter corresponding to each impulse response signal from each parameter range; wherein the first relation is:τ a representing a first pulse width corresponding to the first impulse response signal; τ b Representing a second pulse width corresponding to any one of the at least one second impulse response signal; n (N) a Representing a phase scaling parameter corresponding to the first impulse response signal; n (N) b Representing a phase scaling parameter corresponding to the second impulse response signal; />A first phase difference representing two adjacent moments after the first impulse response signal is unwound; />Representing a second phase difference between two adjacent moments after the second impulse response signal is unwound; k (K) b Representing the first pulse width tau a And the second pulse width tau b Is a ratio of (2).
Optionally, the processing module 301 is specifically configured to determine a phase corresponding to each impulse response signal according to the second relationA bit scaling parameter; wherein the second relation is: representing the phase change quantity corresponding to the ith pulse width in M pulse widths, wherein M is more than or equal to 2; />The ratio of the jth pulse width to the ith pulse width is represented, i noteq j; n (N) i Representing a phase scaling parameter corresponding to an ith impulse response signal in the M impulse response signals; />Indicating the phase difference between two adjacent moments after the i-th impulse response signal is unwound.
Optionally, the acquiring module 302 is specifically configured to acquire an amplitude corresponding to the detection signal, frequency information corresponding to the amplitude, and initial parameter ranges corresponding to all phase scaling parameters;
the processing module 301 is specifically configured to screen data in all initial parameter ranges according to the amplitude and the frequency information, so as to obtain parameter ranges corresponding to all the phase scaling parameters.
As shown in fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention may include: processor 410, communication interface (Communications Interface) 420, memory 430 and communication bus 440, wherein processor 410, communication interface 420 and memory 430 communicate with each other via communication bus 440. Processor 410 may invoke logic instructions in memory 430 to perform a phase demodulation based fiber strain determination method comprising: under the condition that a plurality of reflected light signals are reflected by a laser signal through an optical fiber to be detected, determining impulse response signals corresponding to the reflected light signals respectively, wherein pulse widths corresponding to the impulse response signals are different; determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to all impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to all impulse response signals; and determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters.
Further, the logic instructions in the memory 430 described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program, the computer program being storable on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program, when executed by a processor, being capable of performing the method for determining optical fiber strain based on phase demodulation provided by the above methods, the method comprising: under the condition that a plurality of reflected light signals are reflected by a laser signal through an optical fiber to be detected, determining impulse response signals corresponding to the reflected light signals respectively, wherein pulse widths corresponding to the impulse response signals are different; determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to all impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to all impulse response signals; and determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the method for determining optical fiber strain based on phase demodulation provided by the above methods, the method comprising: under the condition that a plurality of reflected light signals are reflected by a laser signal through an optical fiber to be detected, determining impulse response signals corresponding to the reflected light signals respectively, wherein pulse widths corresponding to the impulse response signals are different; determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to all impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to all impulse response signals; and determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for determining strain of an optical fiber based on phase demodulation, comprising:
under the condition that a laser signal reflects a plurality of reflected light signals through an optical fiber to be detected, determining impulse response signals corresponding to the reflected light signals respectively, wherein pulse widths corresponding to the impulse response signals are different;
determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to all impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to all impulse response signals;
and determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the phase scaling parameters for each of the impulse response signals based on the respective pulse widths for each of the impulse response signals comprises:
acquiring respective phase differences of all impulse response signals;
acquiring parameter ranges corresponding to all phase scaling parameters respectively, wherein each parameter range comprises a plurality of sub-phase scaling parameters; according to the pulse widths and the phase differences corresponding to the impulse response signals, determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals from the parameter ranges; or determining the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals according to the pulse widths and the phase differences corresponding to the impulse response signals.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein determining the phase scaling parameter corresponding to each impulse response signal from each parameter range according to the pulse width and all phase differences corresponding to each impulse response signal, comprises:
in the case that all impulse response signals include a first impulse response signal and at least one second impulse response signal other than the first impulse response signal, acquiring, for each second impulse response signal, a first pulse width and a first phase difference corresponding to the first impulse response signal, and a second pulse width and a second phase difference corresponding to the second impulse response signal;
determining a ratio of the first pulse width to the second pulse width according to the first pulse width, the first phase difference, the second pulse width and the second phase difference;
and determining the phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals from the parameter ranges according to all the ratios.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein in the case where the laser signal reflects a plurality of reflected light signals via the optical fiber under test, determining the respective impulse response signals of the plurality of reflected light signals comprises:
Under the condition that a plurality of measuring optical signals are generated according to laser signals, pulse signals corresponding to the measuring optical signals are filtered through corresponding band-pass filters, and impulse response signals corresponding to the measuring optical signals are obtained; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
and under the condition that the linear frequency modulation optical signals are determined according to the laser signals, carrying out matched filtering on the linear frequency modulation optical signals to obtain impulse response signals corresponding to the reflection optical signals.
5. A method according to claim 3, wherein determining the phase scaling parameter corresponding to each impulse response signal from each parameter range according to all ratios comprises:
according to the first relation, determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to each impulse response signal from each parameter range;
wherein the first relation is:
τ a representing a first pulse width corresponding to the first impulse response signal; τ b Is expressed toAny one of the at least one second impulse response signal corresponds to a second pulse width; n (N) a Representing a phase scaling parameter corresponding to the first impulse response signal; n (N) b Representing a phase scaling parameter corresponding to the second impulse response signal; A first phase difference representing two adjacent moments after the first impulse response signal is unwound; />Representing a second phase difference between two adjacent moments after the second impulse response signal is unwound; k (K) b Representing the first pulse width tau a And the second pulse width tau b Is a ratio of (2).
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein determining the phase scaling parameter corresponding to each of the impulse response signals according to the pulse widths and the phase differences corresponding to each of the impulse response signals comprises:
determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to the impulse response signals according to a second relational expression;
wherein the second relation is:
representing the phase change quantity corresponding to the ith pulse width in M pulse widths, wherein M is more than or equal to 2; />The ratio of the jth pulse width to the ith pulse width is represented, i noteq j; n (N) i Representing a phase scaling parameter corresponding to an ith impulse response signal in the M impulse response signals;indicating the phase difference between two adjacent moments after the i-th impulse response signal is unwound.
7. The method according to claim 2, 3 or 5, wherein the obtaining parameter ranges corresponding to all phase scaling parameters respectively includes:
acquiring the amplitude corresponding to the detection signal, the frequency information corresponding to the amplitude and the initial parameter ranges corresponding to all the phase scaling parameters;
And screening the data in all the initial parameter ranges according to the amplitude and the frequency information to obtain the parameter ranges corresponding to all the phase scaling parameters.
8. An optical fiber strain determining apparatus based on phase demodulation, comprising:
the processing module is used for determining impulse response signals corresponding to the multiple reflected light signals respectively under the condition that the laser signals reflect the multiple reflected light signals through the optical fiber to be detected, and the pulse widths corresponding to the impulse response signals are different; determining phase scaling parameters corresponding to all impulse response signals according to the pulse widths corresponding to all impulse response signals; and determining the strain information corresponding to the optical fiber to be measured according to all the phase scaling parameters.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the phase demodulation-based optical fiber strain determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when the program is executed by the processor.
10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the phase demodulation-based optical fiber strain determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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