CN116793136A - Heat exchanger, preparation method thereof and thermal management system - Google Patents
Heat exchanger, preparation method thereof and thermal management system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116793136A CN116793136A CN202310746610.5A CN202310746610A CN116793136A CN 116793136 A CN116793136 A CN 116793136A CN 202310746610 A CN202310746610 A CN 202310746610A CN 116793136 A CN116793136 A CN 116793136A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- heat exchanger
- parts
- chemical conversion
- metal substrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 186
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 184
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000007739 conversion coating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- BJZIJOLEWHWTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-H dipotassium;hexafluorozirconium(2-) Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[K+].[K+].[Zr+4] BJZIJOLEWHWTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- PAJMKGZZBBTTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2-hydroxy-1-(3-hydroxyoctyl)-2,3,3a,4,9,9a-hexahydro-1h-cyclopenta[g]naphthalen-5-yl]oxy]acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C(OCC(O)=O)C2=C1CC1C(CCC(O)CCCCC)C(O)CC1C2 PAJMKGZZBBTTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium ethoxide Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003681 vanadium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldiethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)OCC YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- MTEZSDOQASFMDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)[Si](OC)(OC)OC MTEZSDOQASFMDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 73
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 70
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 106
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 31
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 9
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 6
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 however Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical group [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFBNFDUGOXFZMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound O.[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5].[V+5] XFBNFDUGOXFZMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical group [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 2
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007766 curtain coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013211 curve analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GGROONUBGIWGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] GGROONUBGIWGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017119 AlPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002661 O–Ti–O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002655 O−Ti−O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQLVXDKIJBQVDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC(O)=O PQLVXDKIJBQVDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical class Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IOXPXHVBWFDRGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hept-6-enal Chemical compound C=CCCCCC=O IOXPXHVBWFDRGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002454 metastable transfer emission spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/40—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
- C23C22/44—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates containing also fluorides or complex fluorides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
- C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
- C23C18/1254—Sol or sol-gel processing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
- F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a heat exchanger, a preparation method thereof and a thermal management system, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a metal base material, and the metal base material comprises a collecting pipe, a heat exchange pipe and fins; the heat exchange tubes are fixed with the collecting pipe, the inner cavities of the heat exchange tubes are communicated with the inner cavities of the collecting pipe, and the fins are positioned between two adjacent heat exchange tubes; the heat exchanger is also provided with a coating, the coating comprises a chemical conversion coating layer, the chemical conversion coating layer is covered on at least part of the surface of the metal substrate, the chemical conversion coating layer comprises zirconium element and vanadium element, the chemical conversion coating layer also comprises an auxiliary agent, and the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of phosphate and organic metal chelate. The composite coating on the surface of the metal substrate of the heat exchanger has excellent barrier effect and uniform film thickness, and can effectively improve the corrosion resistance and the service life of the heat exchanger.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of materials and heat exchangers, in particular to a heat exchanger, a preparation method thereof and a thermal management system.
Background
The micro-channel heat exchanger (Microchannel heat exchanger) is high-efficiency heat exchange equipment developed in the 90 th century, and can be widely applied to the fields of chemical industry, energy sources, environment and the like. The micro-channel heat exchanger has many characteristics different from the conventional heat exchange equipment, such as small volume, light weight, high efficiency, high strength and the like, because the size of the micro-channel heat exchanger is in the range from micron to sub-millimeter.
The aluminum alloy has the characteristics of small density, excellent mechanical property, good processability, strong electric conduction and heat conduction capability and the like, and can effectively improve heat exchange efficiency when being used as a light structural material for a heat exchanger, meanwhile, the aluminum alloy also can save cost, however, the aluminum has poor corrosion resistance, a thinner oxide film is easy to generate on the surface of the aluminum alloy in the atmosphere, particularly in a humid environment, and the film cannot meet industrial protection requirements, so that the stability of the product quality is affected. Therefore, developing new corrosion resistant coatings to enhance the corrosion resistance of all-aluminum microchannel heat exchangers is an urgent issue for industry to address.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a heat exchanger with excellent corrosion resistance, a preparation method thereof and a thermal management system.
According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a heat exchanger comprising a metal substrate comprising a header, heat exchange tubes, and fins; the heat exchange tubes are fixed with the collecting pipe, the inner cavities of the heat exchange tubes are communicated with the inner cavities of the collecting pipe, and the fins are positioned between two adjacent heat exchange tubes; the heat exchanger is also provided with a coating, the coating comprises a chemical conversion coating layer, the chemical conversion coating layer is covered on at least part of the surface of the metal substrate, the chemical conversion coating layer comprises zirconium element and vanadium element, the chemical conversion coating layer also comprises an auxiliary agent, and the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of phosphate and organic metal chelate.
In the scheme, the surface of the heat exchanger is covered with the chemical conversion coating, the chemical conversion coating contains zirconium element, vanadium element and auxiliary agent, the chemical conversion coating containing zirconium element and vanadium element has a compact coating structure and has stronger binding force with the metal base material of the heat exchanger, and when the heat exchanger is subjected to local pitting corrosion, the chemical conversion coating can produce blocking effect on the cathode reduction reaction, so that the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger can be improved, the corrosion resistance time of the heat exchanger can be prolonged, and the service life of the heat exchanger can be prolonged; meanwhile, the addition of the auxiliary agent further improves the compactness of the chemical conversion coating, so that the chemical conversion coating has better barrier property and shielding property, and the heat exchanger has better corrosion resistance.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided a method for manufacturing a heat exchanger as described above, the method comprising:
providing a metal substrate and a first coating, wherein the metal substrate has at least one fluid channel for circulating a heat exchange medium, the first coating is prepared from a raw material comprising a zirconium salt, a vanadium salt and an auxiliary precursor, the auxiliary precursor comprises at least one of a phosphorus-containing compound and a metal chelating agent;
and coating the first coating on at least part of the surface of the metal substrate, and performing first curing treatment.
According to the scheme, the heat exchanger with the surface provided with the zirconium element, the vanadium element and the chemical conversion coating layer comprising at least one of phosphate and organic metal chelate on at least part of the surface can be prepared, the compactness of the surface coating of the heat exchanger is improved, and therefore the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger can be improved.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided a thermal management system comprising a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a throttling device and a second heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger being a heat exchanger as described above or a heat exchanger prepared by a method of preparing the heat exchanger as described above; when the heat management system has refrigerant flowing, the refrigerant flows into the first heat exchanger through the compressor, flows into the throttling device after heat exchange of the first heat exchanger, flows into the second heat exchanger, and flows into the compressor again after heat exchange of the second heat exchanger.
In the above scheme, the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger used by the thermal management system is the heat exchanger or the heat exchanger prepared by the preparation method of the heat exchanger, and the chemical conversion coating layer on at least part of the surface of the heat exchanger improves the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger, so that the service life of the thermal management system is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a heat exchanger provided by the application;
FIG. 2 is a polarization curve of comparative example 1 and example 1 tested in 3.5% NaCl solution;
FIG. 3 is a polarization curve of the application of example 1 and comparative example 2 tested in 3.5% NaCl solution;
FIG. 4 is a polarization curve tested in 3.5% NaCl solution for example 1 and example 2 according to the present application;
FIG. 5 shows the surface corrosion of the coating samples of example 1 of the present application at 0d, 1d, 2d and 4d, respectively;
FIG. 6 shows the surface corrosion of the coating samples of example 2 of the present application at 0d, 1d and 2d, respectively;
FIG. 7 is a surface etch at 0d, 1d and 2d, respectively, for the coating sample of comparative example 1;
FIG. 8 shows the surface corrosion of the coating samples of comparative example 2 at 0d, 30d, 55d, 70d and 90d, respectively.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described in the following embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. Based on the technical solution provided by the application and the embodiments given, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the application. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and are understood to encompass values approaching those ranges or values. For a range of values, one or more new ranges of values may be obtained by combining each other between the endpoints of each range, or between the individual points, and between the individual points.
It should be noted that, as used herein, the term "and/or"/"is merely an association relationship describing the association object, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In the description of the present application, the use of the terms "at least one of," "at least one of," or a list of items to which other similar terms are attached may mean any combination of the listed items. For example, if item A, B is listed, then the phrase "at least one of A, B" means only a; only B; or A and B. In another example, if item A, B, C is listed, then the phrase "at least one of A, B, C" means only a; or only B; only C; a and B (excluding C); a and C (excluding B); b and C (excluding A); or A, B and C. Item a may comprise a single element or multiple elements. Item B may comprise a single element or multiple elements. Item C may comprise a single element or multiple elements. Furthermore, the use of the terms "at least part of a surface", "at least part of a surface" or other similar terms means any part of the surface or the entire surface of the component. For example, at least a portion of the surface of the heat exchanger refers to a portion or portions of the surface of the heat exchanger, or the entire surface of the heat exchanger.
In one embodiment, the present application is described in further detail below by way of specific examples.
In the related technology, the micro-channel heat exchanger is high-efficiency heat exchange equipment developed in the 90 th century, and can be widely applied to the fields of chemical industry, energy sources, environment and the like. Since the microchannel heat exchanger has many different features from conventional scale devices, such as small volume, light weight, high efficiency, high strength, etc. The micro-channel technology simultaneously triggers the technical innovation of improving efficiency and reducing emission in the fields of new energy automobile thermal management systems, household air conditioners, commercial air conditioners, refrigeration equipment and the like.
The application of the all-aluminum microchannel heat exchanger is gradually expanded, and the popularization progress is relatively slow. One of the main technical bottlenecks is: the corrosion resistance of the micro-channel heat exchanger made of aluminum is poor, so that the service life of the all-aluminum heat exchanger is greatly reduced, and therefore, how to enable the existing all-aluminum micro-channel heat exchanger to have excellent corrosion resistance becomes a problem which needs to be solved in industry urgently.
In the prior art, a chromate conversion film is generally adopted to cover the surface of an all-aluminum microchannel heat exchanger as a protective coating, however, chromium belongs to heavy metal elements and is harmful to the environment, meanwhile, the current microchannel heat exchanger is linked by using a brazing technology, and needs brazing flux treatment, and a chromium salt coating cannot react on a brazing part due to the existence of the brazing flux, so that the coating of the brazing part cannot be realized, and the corrosion resistance of the microchannel heat exchanger is greatly reduced.
Through further research, the zirconium-based conversion film is developed, has green and non-toxic properties, good corrosion resistance and good self-healing property, is a substitute of a chromate conversion film with the highest potential, however, the zirconium-based conversion film is thinner in thickness of a coating prepared on an all-aluminum microchannel heat exchanger, and has porous or defective coating, so that the coating film is unevenly distributed, the blocking effect is not high, in addition, the existing chemical conversion film only plays a role in blocking to improve corrosion resistance, cannot improve the corrosion resistance of a heat exchanger matrix in corrosive solution, and has little protective effect on the heat exchanger matrix, so that the improvement of the zirconium-based conversion film to develop a new corrosion-resistant coating to enhance the corrosion resistance of the all-aluminum microchannel heat exchanger is an urgent problem to be solved by the industry.
Based on the distribution parameters of the existing zirconium-based conversion film coating process, the influence of different components and contents on the components, the structure morphological structure and the corrosion resistance of the chemical conversion film layer is researched, and the heat exchanger, the preparation method of the heat exchanger and the thermal management system are provided. The surface of the heat exchanger is provided with the corrosion-resistant coating with adjustable thickness range and compactness, so that the compactness and the barrier property of the surface coating of the heat exchanger can be improved, the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger can be further improved, and the heat exchange efficiency and the service life of the heat exchanger can be further improved. The description of the specific technical scheme is provided below.
Herein, unless otherwise indicated, the percentages, ratios, or parts referred to are by mass. The term "part by mass" refers to a basic unit of measurement of the mass ratio of the components, and 1 part may represent an arbitrary unit mass, for example, 1 part may represent 1g, 1.68g, 5g, or the like.
The embodiment of the application provides a heat exchanger, which comprises a metal base material, wherein the metal base material comprises a collecting pipe, a heat exchange pipe and fins; the heat exchange tubes are fixed with the collecting pipe, the inner cavities of the heat exchange tubes are communicated with the inner cavities of the collecting pipe, and the fins are positioned between two adjacent heat exchange tubes;
the heat exchanger is also provided with a coating, the coating comprises a chemical conversion coating layer, the chemical conversion coating layer is covered on at least part of the surface of the metal substrate, and the chemical conversion coating layer comprises zirconium element and vanadium element.
The surface of the heat exchanger provided by the application is covered with the chemical conversion coating, the chemical conversion coating contains zirconium element and vanadium element, and when the heat exchanger is subjected to local pitting corrosion, the chemical conversion coating can block the cathode reduction reaction, so that the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger can be improved, and the corrosion resistance time of the heat exchanger can be prolonged.
In some embodiments, the chemical conversion coating further comprises an adjuvant comprising at least one of a phosphate and an organometallic chelate. Thus, the chemical conversion coating has a compact coating structure and has stronger binding force with the metal substrate of the heat exchanger. The addition of the auxiliary agent can form one or more layers of uniform and compact film layers which are distributed in the chemical conversion film layer, so that the blocking is formed for pores or defects in the chemical conversion film layer, the possibility that corrosive medium passes through contact with a metal substrate is reduced, the coating has better blocking and shielding effects, and the corrosion resistance and the service life of the coating are further improved. According to the application, through the combined use of the vanadium element, the zirconium element and the auxiliary agent, the advantages of each component can be fully exerted, and the coating with high corrosion resistance can be formed by coating the surface of the heat exchanger.
According to the heat exchanger disclosed by the application, if the chemical conversion coating is subjected to the influence of external environment and other factors to generate cracks, zirconium element and vanadium element can be contacted with a corrosive medium to be converted into hydrate, then the hydrate is connected with the zirconium element or the hydrate is polymerized through hydrolysis condensation to generate an anti-corrosion barrier to improve the compactness of the coating, meanwhile, the zirconium element can also react with a metal substrate contacted with the chemical conversion coating to generate insoluble substances to be adsorbed or attached to the surface of the metal substrate, so that the blocking effect of the metal substrate is enhanced, and the corrosion resistance of the metal substrate in corrosive solution is improved.
Because the prior microchannel heat exchanger is linked by using a brazing technology and needs brazing flux treatment, the brazing part exists on the surface of the heat exchanger, and the zirconium element and the vanadium element contained in the chemical conversion film layer have good compatibility with the brazing flux of the brazing part, can meet the combination of the surface coating of the heat exchanger and the brazing part, and further improve the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger.
In some embodiments, the coating further comprises a silicon coating layer, which is further away from the metal substrate than the chemical conversion coating layer, that is, at least a portion of the outer surface of the metal substrate of the heat exchanger may be sequentially laminated with the chemical conversion coating layer and the silicon coating layer, and the silicon coating layer is exposed to the environment.
In some embodiments, the silicon coating comprises silicon dioxide, and the silicon dioxide is present to enable the silicon coating to form a structure with stable physical and chemical properties, so that the silicon coating is stable and compact, and the hydrophilicity, durability and corrosion resistance of the silicon coating can be improved.
In some embodiments, the silicon coating further comprises an organosilane and a titanium dioxide, that is, the silicon coating comprises an organosilane, a silicon dioxide, and a titanium dioxide, the silicon coating having a three-dimensional network structure, at least one of the silicon dioxide and the titanium dioxide being filled in the three-dimensional network structure. The three-dimensional network silicon coating has good chemical stability, has good tolerance to corrosive media, and can increase the durability and corrosion resistance of the silicon coating. The silicon dioxide has stable property and relatively high density (up to 2.65 g/cm) 3 ) The silicon dioxide is filled in the three-dimensional network structure of the silicon coating, so that the density and mechanical strength of the silicon coating can be increased, and meanwhile, the silicon dioxide has a higher melting point, so that the high thermal stability of the silicon coating can be improved. Titanium dioxide is a very stable oxide and has good acid resistance, and the titanium dioxide can reduce the defects of the silicon coating in the silicon coating, so that the silicon coating is more compact, and the corrosion resistance and the acid resistance of the silicon coating are enhanced to a certain extent. The silica and/or titania is filled in the three-dimensional network structure to reduce the porosity of the silicon coating and to distribute flexibility to the three-dimensional network structure so that the silicon coating is not easy to crack in the drying process. The application can obtain compact three-dimensional net structure through the silicon coating, can generate barrier effect on the ion movement of corrosive medium, and prevent corrosive substances from penetrating the coating to gold The base material has corrosion resistance and good mechanical property.
In the application, as the chemical conversion film layer is contacted with the surface of the silicon coating, a certain amount of free zirconium ions exist in the chemical conversion film layer, and the zirconium ions can diffuse into the silicon coating to catalyze the hydrolysis and condensation of the three-dimensional network structure, thereby further improving the compactness of the silicon coating, enhancing the thickness of the coating on the surface of the metal substrate, improving the distribution uniformity of the coating and further enhancing the barrier property of the silicon coating.
In some embodiments, the heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the application is provided with a chemical conversion coating layer and a silicon coating layer, wherein the chemical conversion coating layer comprises zirconium element, vanadium element and auxiliary agent, and the silicon coating layer comprises organosilane, silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide; the chemical conversion coating layer can be used as an undercoat layer to cover at least part of the surface of the metal substrate, and the silicon coating layer can be used as a top coating layer to cover at least part of the surface of the chemical conversion coating layer. Therefore, the heat exchanger is subjected to chemical conversion treatment to form a layer of chemical conversion coating, then the surface treatment is performed on the heat exchanger by utilizing the silicon coating, the silicon coating can be combined with the surface of the heat exchanger subjected to the chemical conversion coating conversion treatment through Si-O (silicon-oxygen) covalent bonds, the heat exchanger has the characteristics of tight combination and good durability, and the chemical conversion coating and the silicon coating are provided with compact coating structures, so that the blocking effect of the surface coating of the heat exchanger is improved, the corrosion resistance of the surface of the heat exchanger is improved, the service life of the heat exchanger is prolonged, and further, the heat exchanger is beneficial to prolonging the service life and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger when the heat exchanger is applied to an air conditioning system and a heat pump system.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the chemical conversion coating layer may be 10nm to 1 μm, specifically 10nm, 50nm, 100nm, 300nm, 500nm, 800nm, 1 μm, etc., or may be other values within the above range, and may be selected according to actual needs, and is not limited thereto. Compared with the traditional chemical conversion film (the thickness is generally less than or equal to 100 nm), the thickness adjustable range of the chemical conversion film layer is larger, the chemical conversion film layer can be made into a thicker film layer structure according to requirements, and the uniformity of film thickness and the barrier effect of the coating are improved.
In some embodiments, at least a portion of the silica is a hydrophilically modified silica having a particle size on the order of nanometers, which facilitates the formation of a stable coating system.
In some embodiments, at least a portion of the titanium dioxide is hydrophilic titanium dioxide having a particle size on the nanometer scale.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the silicon coating layer is 1 μm to 10 μm, and the specific thickness may be 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, or 10 μm, etc., but of course, other values within the above range are also possible, and the present application is not limited thereto, and the silicon coating layer may form a film layer having a uniform and dense film thickness within the above-described range.
In some embodiments, the adhesion of the cross-hatch test coating to the metal substrate is of the order of 0. The dicing method is generally to divide a hundred cells on the surface of a metal substrate by a knife, attach the tape to the center of the formed cells, and then smoothly tear off the cells to observe the falling phenomenon of the gel coating after the coating on the surface of the metal substrate is adhered, and to determine by calculating the state correspondence criteria in the cells in the dicing, in order to check whether the degree of bonding of the coating to the metal substrate meets the requirements. The coating has small adhesion grade, namely the edges of the notch are smoother, the edges of the grid hardly peel off, and the coating has strong adhesion.
In some embodiments, the primary structure of the metal substrate of the microchannel heat exchanger used in the present application comprises two headers, a plurality of heat exchange tubes, and at least one fin.
The heat exchange tubes are arranged along the axial direction of the collecting pipes and are connected between the two collecting pipes, namely one end of the heat exchange tube in the length direction is connected with one of the two collecting pipes, and the other end of the heat exchange tube in the length direction is connected with the other of the two collecting pipes. The inner cavity of the heat exchange tube is communicated with the inner cavity of the collecting pipe, and the inner cavity of the heat exchange tube is provided with a plurality of heat exchange micro-channels extending along the length direction of the heat exchange tube, so that the heat exchange tube can be a micro-channel flat tube or an elliptic tube, and when the heat exchange tube is a micro-channel flat tube or an elliptic tube, the width of the heat exchange tube is larger than the thickness of the heat exchange tube.
The fin is located between two adjacent heat exchange tubes, the fin is in a waveform along the length direction of the heat exchange tubes, the fin comprises a plurality of wave crest portions and a plurality of wave trough portions, and the wave crest portions and the wave trough portions of the fin are respectively connected with the two adjacent heat exchange tubes.
In some embodiments, a window structure may be provided in a partial region of the fin to form a louvered fin to further enhance heat transfer.
It can be understood that the left collecting pipe and the right collecting pipe are mutually communicated with the micro-channel through the micro-channel in the heat exchange pipe to form a closed space, the fins are fixed between the heat exchange pipe and form a plurality of heat dissipation units with the micro-channel, and then the micro-channel can transfer the heat of the internal fluid to the air through the fins.
In some embodiments, the heat exchanger of the present application has a coating comprising a chemical conversion coating layer and a silicon coating layer, the chemical conversion coating layer and the silicon coating layer being disposed on at least a portion of a surface of at least one of the header and/or the heat exchange tube and/or the fin. It can be understood that the chemical conversion coating layer and the silicon coating layer can be only coated on part or all of the surface of one of the collecting pipe, the heat exchange pipe or the fin, and the arrangement mode can reduce the use amount of the coating layer and reduce the production cost of the heat exchanger; or cover and locate on the partial surface or the whole surface of two or three of pressure manifold or heat exchange tube or fin, this kind of arrangement can be more effective protect the metal substrate, lengthen the life of heat exchanger. The manner of coating the surface of the metal substrate of the heat exchanger can be selected according to actual needs, and is not limited herein.
In some embodiments, the microchannel heat exchanger is an all-aluminum microchannel heat exchanger. The structure of the microchannel heat exchanger and the connection relationship between the components are conventional in the art, and will not be described in detail herein.
In the practical application process, the heat exchanger can be applied to a heat management system, wherein the heat management system comprises a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a throttling device and a second heat exchanger, and at least one of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger is a heat exchanger with the structure; when the heat management system has refrigerant flowing, the refrigerant flows into the first heat exchanger through the compressor, flows into the throttling device after heat exchange of the first heat exchanger, flows into the second heat exchanger, and flows into the compressor again after heat exchange of the second heat exchanger.
In some embodiments, the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for manufacturing the heat exchanger, as shown in fig. 1, which is a flowchart for manufacturing the heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the present application, including the following steps:
providing a metal substrate and a first coating, wherein the metal substrate has at least one fluid channel for circulating a heat exchange medium, the preparation of the first coating comprises zirconium salt, vanadium salt, and an adjuvant precursor comprising at least one of a phosphorus-containing compound and a metal chelating agent;
And coating the first coating on at least part of the surface of the metal substrate, and performing first curing treatment.
Further, in the preparation process of the heat exchanger containing the coating, the surface of the metal substrate of the heat exchanger is pretreated, then the first coating is coated on the surface of the pretreated metal substrate, and the heat exchanger is obtained after the first curing treatment.
It will be appreciated that the heat exchanger of the present application is a microchannel heat exchanger, and the metal substrate comprises at least one of a header, a heat exchange tube, and a fin.
It should be noted that the first coating is not the same as the coating, and after the first coating is coated on at least part of the surface of at least one of the collecting pipe, the heat exchange pipe and the fin, the whole structure needs to be cured at high temperature to form the coating, and in the process of forming the coating, the groups carried in the first coating can chemically react with the metal substrate of the heat exchanger and the external corrosion medium, etc., the zirconium element and the vanadium element can be contacted with the corrosion medium to be converted into a hydrate, and then the hydrate is connected with the zirconium element or the corrosion barrier is generated through hydrolytic condensation polymerization to achieve the self-repairing effect. The heat exchanger has the advantages of simple preparation process, easy control, high feasibility, easy reaction, mild reaction condition, less environmental pollution, environment friendliness and suitability for industrial mass production. The heat exchanger obtained by the preparation method has good combination property, barrier property and corrosion resistance, and can prolong the service life of the heat exchanger.
In some embodiments, the material of the metal substrate includes at least one of aluminum, magnesium, copper, and zinc. Preferably, the metal substrate is aluminum.
In some embodiments, the step of providing a metal substrate further comprises, after: a step of pretreating a metal substrate, the step of pretreating the metal substrate comprising:
a. and (3) carrying out sand blasting and polishing treatment on the surface of the metal substrate, cleaning with deionized water and/or absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying.
b. Alkali washing is carried out on the surface of the metal base material;
c. the surface of the metal substrate is pickled.
In some embodiments, the number of blasting is 600-1000 mesh, the number of blasting is at least two, the smaller number of blasting is used for treatment, and then the larger number of blasting is used for treatment, for example, 600 mesh SiC sand paper is used for polishing the surface of the metal substrate, and 1000 mesh SiC sand paper is used for polishing the surface of the metal substrate. In some embodiments, the cleaning method may be, for example, water rinsing, anhydrous ethanol ultrasonic cleaning, and finally water rinsing, and the cleaning sequence may be replaced or any one or two of the cleaning steps may be omitted. In some embodiments, the temperature of the drying is from 35 ℃ to 50 ℃, and in further embodiments from 38 ℃ to 45 ℃, such as 40 ℃.
In the pretreatment process, the alkali liquid for alkali washing comprises the following components: according to the mass parts, 1 to 3 parts of sodium hydroxide and 35 to 45 parts of sodium carbonate are dissolved in 1000 parts of deionized water, and the solution is stirred by a magnetic stirrer until the solution is clarified, and is ready for use after the completion. In some embodiments, sodium hydroxide may be 1 part, 2 parts, or 3 parts, etc., sodium carbonate may be 35 parts, 38 parts, 40 parts, 43 parts, or 45 parts, etc., and deionized water may be 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, 70 parts, 75 parts, or 80 parts, etc. The application removes greasy dirt and oxide on the surface of the metal substrate by alkali washing.
During the pretreatment, the acid liquid for pickling comprises: according to the mass parts, 3-8 parts of glacial acetic acid and 80-100 parts of nitric acid are dissolved in 1000 parts of deionized water for standby. In some embodiments, glacial acetic acid may be 3 parts, 5 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, etc., nitric acid may be 80 parts, 85 parts, 90 parts, 95 parts, 100 parts, etc., deionized water may be 150 parts, 155 parts, 160 parts, 165 parts, 170 parts, etc., and the present application removes oxides or tarnishes from the surface of a metal substrate by pickling.
In some embodiments, the step of providing a first coating further comprises the step of preparing the first coating, the step of preparing the first coating comprising:
The method comprises the steps of mixing 0.1 to 0.3 part by mass of potassium fluorozirconate, 0.1 to 0.3 part by mass of potassium metavanadate, 0.1 to 0.3 part by mass of sodium fluoride, 0.1 to 0.3 part by mass of oxidant, 2 to 4 parts by mass of auxiliary agent precursor and the balance of water until a solution is clarified, and obtaining the first coating. Illustratively, the potassium fluorozirconate may be, for example, 0.1 part, 0.2 part, or 0.3 part, etc.; the mass part of potassium metavanadate may be, for example, 0.1 part, 0.2 part, or 0.3 part; the mass part of sodium fluoride may be, for example, 0.1 part, 0.2 part, or 0.3 part; the oxidizing agent may be, for example, 0.1 part, 0.2 part, or 0.3 part by mass; the mass part of the auxiliary precursor may be, for example, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, or the like. The acid salt containing the zirconium element and the vanadium element and the oxidant in the first coating can enable the metal base material, the zirconium element and the vanadium element to chemically react with anions in a reaction system to generate stable compounds with stable physical properties and chemical properties, and meanwhile, the addition of the auxiliary agent precursor can promote the compactness of the generated film layer and further strengthen the corrosion resistance of the chemical conversion film layer. And the zirconium element and the vanadium element are nontoxic, so that the pollution to the environment can be reduced.
In some embodiments, the adjuvant precursor includes at least one of phosphate, tannic acid, chitosan, and polyvinyl alcohol. The phosphate is sodium dihydrogen phosphate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate, for example. According to the application, by adding the auxiliary agent precursor, the pores or defects of the film layer can be made up, the compactness of the film layer is improved, and the barrier effect of the film layer is further improved. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate can react with a metal substrate to generate a more compact compound so as to improve the compactness of the film; tannic acid, chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol and the like can be adsorbed on the surface of the film layer through organic matter complexation to improve the compactness of the film layer, and meanwhile, the existence of the tannic acid, chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol and the like can increase the thickness of the chemical conversion film layer, so that the barrier effect of the coating is enhanced.
According to the embodiment of the present application, there is no limitation on the source and specific type of the raw materials for preparing the first coating, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select the raw materials according to actual requirements, so long as the purpose of the present application is not limited. As the raw materials, various materials known to those skilled in the art can be used, and commercial products thereof can be used, or they can be prepared by themselves. In some embodiments of the application, the oxidizing agent comprises t-butyl hydroperoxide.
In some embodiments of the present application, the means for applying the first coating to the pretreated heat exchanger surface includes, but is not limited to, at least one of dip coating, spray coating, brush coating, curtain coating, or roll coating. In view of implementation convenience, the first coating provided by the embodiment of the application can be coated on the surface of the pretreated metal substrate in a spray coating or dip coating mode. If the pretreated metal substrate is immersed in the first coating, standing and preserving heat for 20-40 min at 40-60 ℃ to perform first curing treatment, so that the first coating forms a chemical conversion coating layer on the surface of the metal substrate, and then taking out the heat exchanger with the chemical conversion coating layer to blow-dry with cold air or naturally air-dry. The temperature of the first curing treatment may be, for example, 40 ℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃, 55 ℃, 60 ℃, or the like; the time of the first curing treatment may be, for example, 20min, 25min, 30min, 35min, 40min, or the like.
In some specific embodiments, the method for preparing the first coating includes the following steps:
the first coating is prepared by mixing, by mass, 0.1 part of potassium fluorozirconate, 0.1 part of potassium metavanadate, 0.1 part of sodium fluoride, 0.1 part of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 2 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate and the balance of water until the solution is clarified. The equation involved in the oxidation reaction of the first coating on the surface of the metal substrate (for example, aluminum) can be as follows:
(1)2Al+6H + →2Al 3+ +3H 2
(2)Al 3+ +3Na + +6F - →Na 3 AlF 6
(3)2Al+6H + +3ZrF 6 3- +5H 2 O→2AlHOF·3ZrOF 2 +10HF+3H 2
(4)Zr 4+ +3H 2 O→ZrO 2 ·H 2 O+4H +
(5)V 10 O 28 6- +6H + +2H 2 O→5V 2 O 5 ·H 2 O↓
(6)HPO 4 2- →H + +PO 4 3-
(7)PO 4 3- +Al 3+ →AlPO 4
From this, it can be seen that the acid salt containing the zirconium element and the vanadium element is mixed with tert-butyl hydroperoxide as an oxidizing agent to form a first coating, and under the action of the oxidizing agent, the aluminum element, the zirconium element and the vanadium element react with anions such as acid radical and moisture in an acidic environment to form a compact compound structure, so that the chemical activity of the metal substrate is reduced, and the thermodynamic stability of the metal substrate is improved. The chemical conversion coating layer comprises zirconium oxide hydrate, vanadium oxide hydrate, aluminum phosphate and sodium hexafluoroaluminate and 2 AlHOF.3ZrOF 2 The zirconium oxide hydrate is silver gray, so that the surface of the chemical conversion coating is silver gray, the chemical property is stable, and the synergistic effect of the vanadium oxide hydrate is beneficial to improving the pitting corrosion resistance of the coating, and the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger can be improved. The sodium dihydrogen phosphate can react with aluminum under an acidic condition to generate compact aluminum phosphate, so that the compactness of the coating is further improved.
In some embodiments, the methods of making of the present application further comprise: and (3) carrying out dipping treatment and second curing treatment on the heat exchanger with the chemical conversion coating in a second coating to obtain the silicon coating.
In the preparation step, the second coating can form a compact barrier layer, so that the reactivity of the surface of the metal substrate can be further reduced, the corrosion resistance of the metal substrate can be improved, the direct contact between an environmental medium and the metal substrate can be blocked, and finally, a stable compound film layer is formed on the surface of the metal substrate of the heat exchanger, and the bonding performance and the corrosion resistance of the coating are greatly improved.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises the step of preparing a second coating prior to providing the second coating, the second coating prepared by: and mixing the first precursor solution, the second precursor solution and the third precursor solution.
The preparation method of the first precursor solution comprises the following steps:
according to the mass parts, 4-7 parts of a first silane precursor, 3-5 parts of water, 6-8 parts of an organic solvent and 4-7 parts of acid are mixed and then subjected to first standing treatment for 4-8 hours to obtain a first precursor solution, wherein the first precursor solution mainly comprises silica sol. Illustratively, the mass part of the first silane precursor may be, for example, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, or the like; the water may be 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, or the like, for example; the mass part of the organic solvent may be, for example, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, or the like; the mass part of the acid may be, for example, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, or the like; the time of the first stationary treatment may be, for example, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours, or the like.
The specific type of first silane precursor may be varied to meet the need for being able to generate an inorganic silica sol, and in particular, in some embodiments, the first silane precursor includes at least one of ethyl orthosilicate and tetramethyl orthosilicate.
The particular type of organic solvent and acid may vary widely, provided that the need to be able to produce an inorganic silica sol is met, and in particular, in some embodiments, the organic solvent comprises an alcoholic solvent. The alcohol solvent includes an alcohol solvent having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably an alcohol solvent having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alcohol solvent having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Further, in some embodiments, the solvent is any one or a mixture of any two or more of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, and isopropanol in any ratio. Therefore, the method has wide sources, is easy to obtain and has lower cost. In some embodiments, the acid comprises at least one of glacial acetic acid and formic acid. The two acids have low cost, wide sources and good use effect. Further, the acid is glacial acetic acid.
In some specific embodiments, the method for preparing the first precursor solution includes the following steps:
according to the mass parts, 5.4 parts of tetraethoxysilane, 4 parts of deionized water, 6.6 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 5.4 parts of glacial acetic acid are mixed, and the mixture is left to stand for hydrolysis for 5 hours to obtain a first precursor solution. The equation or reaction mechanism involved in the first precursor solution may be as follows:
(1) (C 2 H 5 O) 4 Si+4H 2 O→(OH) 4 Si +C 2 H 5 OH
(2)(OH) 4 Si→SiO 2 +2H 2 O
The first precursor solution contains hydroxyl (-OH) hydrophilic groups, so that the first precursor solution shows hydrophilicity, and meanwhile, the inorganic silicon dioxide prepared in the first precursor solution can improve the mechanical strength of a coating prepared subsequently.
In some embodiments, the preparation of the second precursor solution includes: and mixing 9-13 parts by mass of a second silane precursor and 30-50 parts by mass of a solvent, and then performing second standing treatment for 3-8 hours, wherein the second precursor solution mainly comprises organosilane gel with a three-dimensional network structure. Illustratively, the mass parts of the second silane precursor may be, for example, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, or the like; the mass part of the solvent may be, for example, 30 parts, 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, or the like; the time of the second stationary treatment may be, for example, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours, or the like.
The organosilane gel is mainly prepared from a proper and proper amount of a second silane precursor and a solvent under the premise of meeting the requirement of being capable of generating the organosilane gel, wherein the second silane precursor comprises organosilane and/or organosiloxane, the organosilane can be gamma-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxy silane (KH-560 for short), and can be of other types, such as hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS for short), namely (CH) 3 ) 3 Si-NH-Si(CH 3 ) 3 Any one or at least two of methyltriethoxysilane (abbreviated as MTES), dimethyldiethoxysilane (abbreviated as DDS), trimethylchlorosilane (abbreviated as TMCS) and dimethyldichlorosilane are not described in detail herein. Of course, other commercially available organosilanes or siloxanes are also possible, and the application is not limited in this regard.
The particular type of solvent may be varied to meet the need for being able to produce an organosilane gel, and in particular, in some embodiments, the organic solvent comprises an alcoholic solvent. The alcohol solvent includes an alcohol solvent having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably an alcohol solvent having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alcohol solvent having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Further, in some embodiments, the solvent is any one or a mixture of any two or more of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, and isopropanol in any ratio. Therefore, the method has wide sources, is easy to obtain and has lower cost. In some embodiments, the acid comprises at least one of glacial acetic acid and formic acid. The two acids have low cost, wide sources and good use effect. Further, the acid is glacial acetic acid.
In some specific embodiments, the method for preparing the second precursor solution includes the following steps:
6.6 parts of KH560, 4 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane and 40 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed according to parts by mass to obtain a solution, and the solution is subjected to standing hydrolysis for 5 hours to obtain a second precursor solution.
The equation or reaction mechanism involved in the second precursor solution may be as follows:
(1)CH 2 CH(O)CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 3 Si(OCH 3 ) 3 +H 2 O→CH 2 CH(O)CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 3 Si(OH) 3 +3CH 3 OH
(2)CH(O)CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 3 Si(OH) 3 →nCH(O)CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 3 SiO 2 +3H 2 O
(3)CH 3 Si(CH 3 O) 3 +3H 2 O→CH 3 Si(OH) 3 +3CH 3 OH
(4)CH 3 Si(OH) 3 →CH 3 SiO 2 +H 2 O
from this, it can be seen that: according to the application, the organosilane gel is obtained by hydrolyzing the silane coupling agent and the organosiloxane, and the organosilane gel comprises a linear Si-O-Si chain segment, wherein the Si-O-Si chain segment can be connected with a metal substrate in a covalent bond manner to form Me-O-Si-O-, so that the bonding force of a surface coating of the heat exchanger is improved, and the corrosion resistance of the metal substrate in a corrosive solution is improved, thereby better playing a barrier role. Wherein Me represents a metal atom, namely a metal atom in the metal substrate.
The preparation method of the third precursor solution comprises the following steps:
mixing 3 to 5 parts by mass of a titanium-containing compound, 6 to 8 parts by mass of water, 12 to 15 parts by mass of an organic solvent and 3 to 5 parts by mass of an acid, and then performing a third standing treatment to obtain a third precursor solution, wherein the mass of the titanium-containing compound can be 3 parts by mass, 4 parts by mass or 5 parts by mass, for example; the water may be, for example, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, or the like; the mass part of the organic solvent may be, for example, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, or the like; the mass part of the acid may be, for example, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, or the like; the time of the third standing treatment may be, for example, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, or the like.
The particular type of titanium-containing compound and acid may be varied as long as it is capable of forming a stable organosilane gel, and in particular, in some embodiments, the titanium-containing compound comprises tetraethyltitanate, although the titanium-containing compound may be other titanium-containing compounds capable of hydrolyzing to form titanium dioxide, and the application is not limited herein.
The particular type of organic solvent and acid may vary widely, provided that the need to be able to produce an organosilane gel is met, and in particular, in some embodiments, the organic solvent comprises an alcoholic solvent. The alcohol solvent includes an alcohol solvent having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably an alcohol solvent having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alcohol solvent having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Further, in some embodiments, the solvent is any one or a mixture of any two or more of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, and isopropanol in any ratio. Therefore, the method has wide sources, is easy to obtain and has lower cost. In some embodiments, the acid comprises at least one of glacial acetic acid and formic acid. The two acids have low cost, wide sources and good use effect. Further, the acid is glacial acetic acid. The alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and the like are adopted, so that the organic silane and/or siloxane can be uniformly hydrolyzed, the source is wide, the organic silane and/or siloxane is easy to obtain, and the cost is low.
In some embodiments, the method for preparing the self-made third precursor solution includes the following steps:
according to the mass parts, 4 parts of tetrabutyl titanate, 6.6 parts of deionized water, 4 parts of glacial acetic acid and 13.4 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed to obtain a solution, and the solution is subjected to standing hydrolysis for 3 hours to obtain a third precursor solution. The equation or reaction mechanism involved in the third precursor solution may be as follows:
from this, it can be seen that: in the step, tetraethyl titanate is used as a precursor, glacial acetic acid is used as a chelating agent of the tetraethyl titanate, and absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, so that the tetraethyl titanate is uniformly hydrolyzed in water and glacial acetic acid, aggregation of hydrolysis products is reduced, stable titanium dioxide gel is generated, the titanium dioxide gel contains a-O-Ti-O chain segment and a-Ti-O-Ti-chain segment, the chain segments can be in covalent bond connection with a metal substrate, the bonding force of a heat exchanger surface coating and the corrosion resistance of the metal substrate to corrosive media are improved, and the barrier effect of the coating is better exerted.
In the first precursor solution, the second precursor solution and the third precursor solution, the mass parts of the components are calculated by taking the total mass parts of the first precursor solution, the second precursor solution and the third precursor solution as 100.
In the preparation method of the heat exchanger, the first precursor solution, the second precursor solution and the third precursor solution are mixed to obtain the second coating, and then the metal substrate with the chemical conversion coating layer is subjected to dipping treatment and second curing treatment in the second coating to obtain the silicon coating coated on at least the surface of the chemical conversion coating layer. In the process of mixing the first precursor solution, the second precursor solution and the third precursor solution, the hydrolysate in the second precursor solution and the hydrolysate in the third precursor solution are dehydrated and condensed with each other to form a three-dimensional network structure, and the silicon dioxide in the first precursor solution and the titanium dioxide in the third precursor solution are adsorbed or attached on the three-dimensional network structure to form a compact film structure, and the compatibility is good, so that the prepared coating has good mechanical properties and good corrosion resistance, and meanwhile, the zirconium element in the first coating and the titanium element in the second coating can catalyze the hydrolysis reaction, the condensation reaction and the organic polymerization reaction of the three-dimensional network structure to form a more compact coating, so that the barrier property of the prepared coating is further improved. In addition, in the process of mixing the first precursor solution, the second precursor solution and the third precursor solution, a-Ti-O-Si-O-chain segment can be generated, so that the compact durability of the coating is improved.
In some embodiments, the second coating material is applied to the heat exchanger by at least one of dip coating, spray coating, brush coating, curtain coating, or roll coating, and dip coating (i.e., dipping treatment) is used in consideration of the fact that the organic and inorganic components of the second coating material can be uniformly distributed on the surface of the chemical conversion coating layer.
The number of times of the dipping treatment is exemplified by 1 or more, and the number of times of the dipping treatment may be, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or the like. In the above-mentioned limit scope, can guarantee the mixed liquor to including the completeness of chemical conversion coating's heat exchanger flooding for organic inorganic component in the mixed liquor can even distribute on the surface of chemical conversion coating, and fully permeate the defect of chemical conversion coating and carry out even connection with the surface of heat exchanger metal substrate, guarantee thickness homogeneity and the separation effect of coating.
In some embodiments, the organic and inorganic components in the second coating material can be uniformly distributed on the surface of the chemical conversion coating layer to form a stable coating layer, the temperature of the second curing treatment is 100-150 ℃, the time of the second curing treatment is 20-40 min, specifically, the temperature of the second curing treatment can be, for example, 100 ℃, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃, 140 ℃, 150 ℃ or the like; the second curing treatment time is 20min, 25min, 30min, 35min or 40min, etc.
In order to fully explain the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger, the application is convenient to understand and a plurality of groups of experiments are carried out. The present application will be further described with reference to specific examples and comparative examples. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the application is described in terms of only a few examples and that any other suitable embodiments are within the scope of the application.
Example 1
1. Preparation of the coating
(a) Preparing a first coating:
1g of potassium fluorozirconate, 1g of potassium metavanadate, 2g of sodium fluoride, 1g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 30g of disodium hydrogen phosphate are weighed according to parts by mass and added into 1L of deionized water, and the solution is stirred by a magnetic stirrer until the solution is clarified.
2. Preparation of heat exchanger
(b) The pretreatment of the surface of a heat exchange tube of the heat exchanger specifically comprises the following steps: washing a heat exchange tube of the heat exchanger with water, sequentially carrying out 600-mesh and 1000-mesh sand blasting treatment on the surface of the heat exchange tube, ultrasonically cleaning the surface of the heat exchange tube with absolute ethyl alcohol, carrying out water system, and finally drying at 40 ℃.
(c) And (3) spraying the first coating obtained in the step (a) on the surface of the heat exchange tube in the step (c), and curing for 30 hours at 50 ℃ to obtain the heat exchanger with the chemical conversion coating.
Example 2
1. Preparation of the coating
(a) Preparing a first coating:
1g of potassium fluorozirconate, 1g of potassium metavanadate, 2g of sodium fluoride, 1g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 30g of disodium hydrogen phosphate were weighed into 1L of deionized water and stirred with a magnetic stirrer until the solution was clear.
(b) Preparation of the second coating
5.4g of tetraethoxysilane, 4g of deionized water, 6.6g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 5.4g of glacial acetic acid are weighed and mixed, and the mixture is stood for hydrolysis for 5 hours to obtain a first precursor solution.
6.6g of KH560, 4g of methyltrimethoxysilane and 40g of absolute ethanol are weighed and mixed to obtain a solution, and the solution is stood and hydrolyzed for 5 hours to obtain a second precursor solution.
4g of tetrabutyl titanate, 6.6g of deionized water, 4g of glacial acetic acid and 13.4g of absolute ethyl alcohol are weighed and mixed to obtain a solution, and the solution is subjected to standing hydrolysis for 3 hours to obtain a third precursor solution.
And mixing the first precursor solution, the second precursor solution and the third precursor solution to obtain a mixed solution for later use.
The equation or reaction mechanism involved in the second coating may be as follows:
the hydrolysis products of tetraethoxysilane, KH560, methyltrimethoxysilane and tetrabutyl titanate are mutually dehydrated and condensed to form a three-dimensional network structure.
2. Preparation of heat exchanger
(c) The pretreatment of the surface of a heat exchange tube of the heat exchanger specifically comprises the following steps: washing a heat exchange tube of the heat exchanger with water, sequentially carrying out 600-mesh and 1000-mesh sand blasting treatment on the surface of the heat exchange tube, ultrasonically cleaning the surface of the heat exchange tube with absolute ethyl alcohol, carrying out water system, and finally drying at 40 ℃.
(d) And (3) spraying the first coating obtained in the step (a) on the surface of the heat exchange tube in the step (c), and curing for 30 hours at 50 ℃ to obtain the heat exchanger with the chemical conversion coating.
(e) And (3) placing the heat exchanger obtained in the step (d) in the second coating obtained in the step (b) for 3 times, and drying and curing for 30min at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain the heat exchanger with the chemical conversion coating and the organic-inorganic hybridized silicon coating.
Example 3
A heat exchanger was produced in the same manner as in example 2 except that: the preparation of the second coating comprises the following steps:
weighing 5.4g of tetraethoxysilane, 4g of deionized water, 6.6g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 5.4g of glacial acetic acid according to parts by mass, mixing, standing and hydrolyzing for 5 hours to obtain a first precursor solution.
The remainder was the same as in example 2.
Examples 4 to 6
A heat exchanger was prepared in the same manner as in example 2 except that the first dope was different.
In example 4, the rare earth conversion coating was prepared: 2g of potassium fluorozirconate and 1g of potassium metavanadate, 3g of sodium fluoride, 2g of oxidant, 25g of adjuvant precursor and 1L of water were mixed until the solution was clear, giving a first coating.
In example 5, the rare earth conversion coating was prepared: 3g of potassium fluorozirconate and 2g of potassium metavanadate, 2g of sodium fluoride, 3g of oxidant, 40g of adjuvant precursor and 1L of water were mixed until the solution was clear, giving a first coating.
In example 6, the rare earth conversion coating was prepared: 2g of potassium fluorozirconate and 3g of potassium metavanadate, 1g of sodium fluoride, 1g of oxidant, 30g of auxiliary precursor and 1L of water were mixed until the solution was clear, to obtain a first coating.
The remainder was the same as in example 2.
Examples 7 to 9
A heat exchanger was prepared in the same manner as in example 2 except that the first precursor solution was different.
In example 7, 4g of the first silane precursor, 3g of water, 6g of absolute ethanol, and 4g of acid were mixed and then subjected to standing hydrolysis for 6 hours to obtain a first precursor solution.
In example 8, 5g of the first silane precursor, 4g of water, 7g of absolute ethanol, and 6g of acid were mixed and then subjected to standing hydrolysis for 7 hours to obtain a first precursor solution.
In example 9, 7g of the first silane precursor, 5g of water, 8g of absolute ethanol, and 7g of acid were mixed and then subjected to standing hydrolysis for 8 hours to obtain a first precursor solution.
The remainder was the same as in example 2.
Examples 10 to 12
A heat exchanger was prepared in the same manner as in example 2 except that the second precursor solution was different.
In example 10, 6g of KH560, 3g of methyltrimethoxysilane and 30g of absolute ethanol were weighed and mixed to obtain a solution, and the solution was left to hydrolyze for 3 hours to obtain a second precursor solution.
In example 11, 7.5g of KH560, 3.5g of methyltrimethoxysilane and 40g of absolute ethanol were weighed and mixed to obtain a solution, and the solution was allowed to stand and hydrolyze for 5 hours to obtain a second precursor solution.
In example 12, 8g of KH560, 5g of methyltrimethoxysilane and 50g of absolute ethanol were weighed and mixed to obtain a solution, and the solution was allowed to stand and hydrolyze for 8 hours to obtain a second precursor solution.
The remainder was the same as in example 2.
Examples 13 to 15
A heat exchanger was prepared in the same manner as in example 2 except that the third precursor solution was different.
In example 13, 3g of tetrabutyl titanate, 6g of deionized water, 3g of glacial acetic acid and 12g of absolute ethanol were weighed and mixed to obtain a solution, and the solution was left to hydrolyze for 2 hours to obtain a third precursor solution.
In example 14, 4g of tetrabutyl titanate, 7g of deionized water, 4g of glacial acetic acid, and 14g of absolute ethanol were weighed and mixed to obtain a solution, and the solution was left to hydrolyze for 4 hours to obtain a third precursor solution.
In example 15, 5g of tetrabutyl titanate, 8g of deionized water, 5g of glacial acetic acid and 15g of absolute ethanol were weighed and mixed to obtain a solution, and the solution was left to hydrolyze for 5 hours to obtain a third precursor solution.
The remainder was the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that step (a) in comparative example 1 includes the steps of:
1g of potassium fluorozirconate, 2g of sodium fluoride, 1g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 30g of disodium hydrogen phosphate are weighed according to parts by mass and added into 1L of deionized water, and the solution is stirred by a magnetic stirrer until the solution is clear.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that step (a) in comparative example 2 includes the steps of:
1g of potassium fluorozirconate, 1g of potassium metavanadate, 3g of sodium fluoride and 1g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide are weighed according to parts by mass and added into 1L of deionized water, and the solution is stirred by a magnetic stirrer until the solution is clear.
The coatings and heat exchangers of the above examples and comparative examples were each tested for performance.
Polarization curve analysis:
the polarization curve test adopts a conventional saturated calomel electrode as a reference electrode, a platinum electrode as an auxiliary electrode and a sample as a working electrode. The sampling frequency was 2Hz, the measurement range was-600 mV to 1200mV (vs. open circuit potential), the scan rate was 0.5mV/s, and Cview was used to fit the cathode segments of the polarization curve. The analysis and research of polarization curves is one of the basic methods for explaining the basic rule of metal corrosion, revealing the metal corrosion mechanism and discussing the corrosion path. The curve obtained by taking the electrode potential as an ordinate and the current passing through the electrode as an abscissa is called a polarization curve, and represents the functional relation between the driving force potential and the reaction speed current of the corrosion primary cell reaction. The self-corrosion current density can be obtained through software fitting of a curve, and generally, the smaller the self-corrosion current density is, the better the corrosion resistance of the material is.
Polarization curve analysis results:
FIG. 2 shows the polarization curves of comparative example 1 and example 1 tested in 3.5% NaCl solution, table 1 shows the fitting results of the polarization curve parameters of the two heat exchangers of example 1 and comparative example 1, the self-etching current density of the coating sample of comparative example 1 without vanadium element, the coating sample of example 1 with zirconium, vanadium and auxiliary agent being from 3.01X10 -6 A/cm 2 Down to 1.03X10 -7 A/cm 2 The corrosion resistance of the coating sample containing zirconium, vanadium and auxiliary agents is greatly improved by 1 order of magnitude.
TABLE 1 fitting of polarization Curve parameters for two heat exchangers of example 1 and comparative example 1
| Sample preparation | E corr (V) | Icorr(A/cm 2 ) |
| Comparative example 1 | -0.767 | 3.01×10 -6 |
| Example 1 | -0.958 | 1.03×10 -7 |
FIG. 3 shows the polarization curves of example 1 and comparative example 2 tested in 3.5% NaCl solution, table 2 shows the results of fitting the polarization curve parameters for both heat exchangers of example 1 and comparative example 2, the self-etching current density of the coating sample without adjuvant in comparative example 2, the coating sample with zirconium, vanadium and adjuvant in example 1 being from 1.26X10 -6 A/cm 2 Down to 1.03X10 -7 A/cm 2 The corrosion resistance of the coating sample containing zirconium, vanadium and auxiliary agents is greatly improved by 1 order of magnitude.
TABLE 2 fitting of polarization Curve parameters for the two heat exchangers of example 1 and comparative example 2
| Sample preparation | E corr (V) | Icorr(A/cm 2 ) |
| Comparative example 2 | -0.642 | 1.28×10 -6 |
| Example 1 | -0.958 | 1.03×10 -7 |
FIG. 4 shows the polarization curves of examples 1 and 2 in 3.5% NaCl solution, and Table 3 shows the fitting results of the polarization curve parameters of the heat exchangers prepared in examples 1 to 15, chemical transformations of the laminate setup of example 2Film and silicon coating samples, example 1 coating samples containing only chemical conversion film had a self-etching current density of from 1.03X10 -7 A/cm 2 Down to 1.92×10 -9 A/cm 2 The reduction by 2 orders of magnitude indicates that the coating coupon of example 2 of the present application has significantly improved corrosion resistance compared to the coating coupon of example 1.
TABLE 3 fitting of polarization Curve parameters for heat exchangers prepared in examples 1-15
Adhesion test:
the adhesion of the coating was determined by cross-hatch according to GB/T9286-88. Firstly, the blade is used for scribing 11 scratches which are parallel to each other and have a spacing distance of 1mm on the coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy workpiece, and then the 11 scratches are vertically scribed in the same way, so that 100 small squares with a total area of 1cm can be obtained 2 . The pressure used in scribing should be such that the blade can cut through the film once to the substrate, then gently brush the residual film along the diagonal direction of the squares with a soft brush, and cover all squares with 3M tape, in order to ensure good contact between the tape and film, while applying a finger to the tape. And (3) tearing off the adhesive tape steadily within 5 minutes after the adhesive tape is attached, judging the adhesive force according to the proportion of the falling area of the film layer in the square to the total square area, wherein the adhesive force is divided into six grades, namely 0-5 grades, wherein the grade 0 is the best, and the grade 5 is the worst. The test results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 cross-hatch test adhesion rating for each example and comparative example
Acid environment corrosion test:
the coated samples of example 1, example 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were immersed in an acidic environment of 3.5 t% NaCl (ph=3), respectively, the immersion times of example 1 were 0d, 1d, 2d and 4d, the immersion times of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were 0d, 1d and 2d, the immersion times of example 2 were 0d, 30d, 55d, 70d and 90d, and the surface corrosion conditions of the coated samples of examples and comparative examples were observed.
Acid environment corrosion test results:
FIG. 5 shows the surface corrosion of the coating samples of example 1 of the present application at 0d, 1d, 2d and 4d, respectively, FIG. 6 shows the surface corrosion of the coating samples of example 2 of the present application at 0d, 1d and 2d, respectively, FIG. 7 shows the surface corrosion of the coating samples of comparative example 1 at 0d, 1d and 2d, respectively, and FIG. 8 shows the surface corrosion of the coating samples of comparative example 2 at 0d, 30d, 55d, 70d and 90d, respectively, as can be seen from a comparison of FIGS. 5 to 8: the coating samples of comparative examples 1 and 2 showed significant corrosion on day 2 of immersion, whereas the coating sample of example 1 showed corrosion on day 4 of immersion, indicating that the coating sample of the present application significantly retarded the time at which corrosion occurred. The coating sample of example 2 showed a relatively slight corrosion only after 70 days of immersion, indicating that the composite coating of the present application can greatly increase the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A heat exchanger, characterized in that the heat exchanger comprises a metal base material, wherein the metal base material comprises a collecting pipe, a heat exchange pipe and fins; the heat exchange tubes are fixed with the collecting pipe, the inner cavities of the heat exchange tubes are communicated with the inner cavities of the collecting pipe, and the fins are positioned between two adjacent heat exchange tubes;
the heat exchanger is also provided with a coating, the coating comprises a chemical conversion coating layer, the chemical conversion coating layer is covered on at least part of the surface of the metal substrate, the chemical conversion coating layer comprises zirconium element and vanadium element, the chemical conversion coating layer also comprises an auxiliary agent, and the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of phosphate and organic metal chelate.
2. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the coating further comprises a silicon coating that is farther from the metal substrate than the chemical conversion film layer, the silicon coating comprising silicon dioxide.
3. The heat exchanger of claim 2, wherein the silicon coating further comprises an organosilane and titanium dioxide, the silicon coating having a three-dimensional network structure in which at least one of the silicon dioxide and the titanium dioxide is filled.
4. A heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein the heat exchanger comprises at least one of the following features (1) to (6):
(1) The silicon coating is connected with the chemical conversion film layer through Si-O bonds;
(2) The thickness of the chemical conversion film layer is 10 nm-1 mu m;
(3) At least part of the silicon dioxide is hydrophilic modified silicon dioxide with the particle size of nanometer grade;
(4) At least part of the titanium dioxide is hydrophilic titanium dioxide with the particle size of nanometer level;
(5) The thickness of the silicon coating is 1-10 mu m;
(6) The adhesion of the coating to the metal substrate was tested by cross-hatch to a rating of 0.
5. The preparation method of the heat exchanger is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
providing a metal substrate and a first coating, wherein the metal substrate has at least one fluid channel for circulating a heat exchange medium, the first coating is prepared from a raw material comprising a zirconium salt, a vanadium salt and an auxiliary precursor, the auxiliary precursor comprises at least one of a phosphorus-containing compound and a metal chelating agent;
And coating the first coating on at least part of the surface of the metal substrate, and performing first curing treatment.
6. The method of preparing as claimed in claim 5, wherein said providing a first coating comprises the steps of:
mixing, by mass, 0.1 to 0.3 part of potassium fluorozirconate, 0.1 to 0.3 part of potassium metavanadate, 0.1 to 0.3 part of sodium fluoride, 0.1 to 0.3 part of an oxidizing agent, 2 to 4 parts of an auxiliary agent precursor and the balance of water, wherein the preparation method comprises at least one of the following characteristics (1) to (4):
(1) The auxiliary agent precursor comprises at least one of phosphate, tannic acid, chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol;
(2) The oxidizing agent comprises tert-butyl hydroperoxide;
(3) The temperature of the first curing treatment is 40-60 ℃;
(4) The time of the first curing treatment is 20-40 min.
7. The method according to claim 5, further comprising, after the performing the first curing treatment:
and (3) carrying out dipping treatment and second curing treatment on the metal substrate with the chemical conversion coating layer obtained by the first curing treatment in a second coating.
8. The production method according to claim 7, characterized in that the production method comprises at least one of the following features (1) to (3):
(1) The times of the dipping treatment are more than or equal to 1;
(2) The temperature of the second curing treatment is 100-150 ℃;
(3) The second curing treatment time is 20-40 min.
9. The method of preparing according to claim 7, wherein preparing the second coating comprises the steps of: mixing the first precursor solution, the second precursor solution and the third precursor solution to obtain the second coating;
the preparation method comprises at least one of the following characteristics (1) - (3):
(1) The preparation of the first precursor solution comprises the following steps: mixing 4-7 parts by mass of a first silane precursor, 3-5 parts by mass of water, 6-8 parts by mass of an organic solvent and 4-7 parts by mass of acid, and then carrying out first standing treatment; the first silane precursor comprises at least one of tetraethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane, the organic solvent comprises at least one of absolute ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, methanol and isopropanol, the acid comprises at least one of glacial acetic acid and formic acid, and the first standing treatment time is 4-8 hours;
(2) The preparation of the second precursor solution comprises the following steps: mixing 9-13 parts by mass of a second silane precursor and 30-50 parts by mass of a solvent, and then carrying out second standing treatment; the second silane precursor comprises organosilane and/or organosiloxane, the second silane precursor comprises at least one of gamma-glycidol ether oxypropyl trimethoxy silane, hexamethyldisilazane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxy silane, trimethylchlorosilane and dimethyldichlorosilane, the solvent comprises at least one of absolute ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, methanol and isopropanol, and the second standing treatment time is 3-8 h;
(3) The preparation of the third precursor solution comprises the following steps: 3 to 5 parts of titaniferous compound, 6 to 8 parts of water, 12 to 15 parts of organic solvent and 3 to 5 parts of acid are mixed according to mass parts and then subjected to third standing treatment; the titanium-containing compound comprises at least one of tetraethyl titanate and titanium dioxide, the organic solvent comprises at least one of absolute ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, methanol and isopropanol, the acid comprises at least one of formic acid and glacial acetic acid, and the time of the third standing treatment is 2-5 h.
10. A thermal management system comprising a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a throttling device, and a second heat exchanger, at least one of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger being a heat exchanger according to any of claims 1 to 4 or a heat exchanger prepared by a method of preparing a heat exchanger according to any of claims 5 to 9; when the heat management system has refrigerant flowing, the refrigerant flows into the first heat exchanger through the compressor, flows into the throttling device after heat exchange of the first heat exchanger, flows into the second heat exchanger, and flows into the compressor again after heat exchange of the second heat exchanger.
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| CN202310746610.5A CN116793136A (en) | 2023-06-21 | 2023-06-21 | Heat exchanger, preparation method thereof and thermal management system |
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| CN202310746610.5A CN116793136A (en) | 2023-06-21 | 2023-06-21 | Heat exchanger, preparation method thereof and thermal management system |
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